CN201774870U - System for Muhispan greenhouse rain collection and farmland irrigation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy-saving system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses. The connected water blocking plate, the sump connected with the irrigation system of the multi-span greenhouse, and the water collecting pipe that can guide the rainwater in the water blocking plate to the sump. The system provided by the utility model for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses can intercept and divert rainwater to the sump, which can meet the water requirements for irrigation and fertilization of crops in the greenhouse, and can also make use of the height difference between the sump and the ground The resulting water potential difference enables unpowered irrigation. The utility model is suitable for rainwater collection of multi-span greenhouses and fertilization, pesticide application or irrigation of farmland.

Description

A system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, in particular to an energy-saving system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses.

Background technique

my country is a large agricultural country, and agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. At present, the main factor restricting my country's agricultural development is the serious shortage of water resources. The total amount of water resources in China is about 2.8 trillion m ³ , ranking sixth in the world. However, due to the large population and vast land, the per capita annual water resources are only 2153 m ³ , which is less than a quarter of the world's per capita water resources. , is one of the 13 water-poor countries.

In recent years, facility cultivation has gradually become an important mode of vegetable, melon and fruit production in the world due to its characteristics of accelerating the growth of crops, increasing the yield of crops, and realizing all-weather and year-round production at the same time. However, due to being covered by greenhouses or greenhouses all year round, the water balance in the soil of facility greenhouses is different from that of open-air cultivation models, and high-frequency irrigation is required to meet crop growth needs. Since China's greenhouse irrigation is still in the initial stage of development, the completeness of the system is still relatively poor, and the development of agricultural water resources is relatively difficult. It requires a large investment and slow results. It is limited by geographical conditions and funds, and cannot solve large-scale problems in the short term. Large-scale agricultural irrigation problems, the irrigation measures of most greenhouses in China are still flood irrigation and border irrigation, and the water utilization rate is only 40%. This is not only a waste of water resources, but also causes excessive moisture content in the greenhouse soil and air humidity. If it is too large, it will cause various mildew diseases in crops, which is not beneficial to improve the yield and quality of crops; although some facility greenhouses have installed equipment such as drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation, and sprinkler irrigation, the main source of irrigation water is pumped from deep wells. Water or river water and other measures, which consume a lot of energy and water resources, but also face the quality of irrigation water. With the increase of the planting area of greenhouses, a series of irrigation problems in facility greenhouses will become more prominent. Water-saving irrigation is considered to be an effective method to solve the shortage of water resources. Vigorously promoting agricultural water-saving irrigation is an important measure to fundamentally solve the problem of agricultural water shortage in our country. Today, when vigorously promoting and developing low-carbon agricultural economy and low-carbon agricultural technology, the application of unpowered irrigation measures and methods is more in line with the trend of future agricultural development.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide an energy-saving system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses and a method for using the energy-saving system to fertilize, apply pesticides and irrigate farmland, so as to truly achieve effective energy and water conservation and realize multi-span Powerless irrigation of greenhouse crops.

The utility model solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

A system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses, characterized in that it includes gutters arranged on both sides of each single shed constituting the multi-span greenhouses, and water blocking boards connected to the ends of the gutters , a sump communicating with the irrigation system of the multi-span greenhouse, and a water collecting pipe that can divert the rainwater in the water blocking plate to the sump.

The multi-span greenhouse is composed of more than two single sheds connected to each other through a common column to form a whole.

There are two water blocking boards, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the gutters.

Preferably, the water-blocking plate is a plastic sump placed on the top edge of the greenhouse and connected to the water collection pipe for preventing rainwater loss according to the structure of the multi-span greenhouse.

Preferably, the water collecting pipes can be arranged at the corners around the multi-span greenhouses or at the joints of the single sheds (that is, at the common column) according to the structure of the multi-span greenhouses. The quantity of the water collecting pipe depends on the quantity of the single sheds of the multi-span greenhouses.

Preferably, the rainwater is introduced into the sump together after the water collecting pipes are connected.

Preferably, filter screens and anti-clogging are installed at both ends of the water collecting pipe.

The water collection pool is built in the gap between adjacent multi-span greenhouses, including upper and lower layers of water collection pools; the upper layer of water collection pool is connected with the water collection pipe. The height of the sump is about 1.8-2.2 meters, the height of the upper sump is 0.7-0.9 meters, the height of the lower sump is 1.1-1.3 meters, the width is 0.9-1.1 m, and the length is equivalent to that of the multi-span greenhouse.

Preferably, the upper water collection pool and the lower water collection pool are sequentially connected through a filter screen and a water control valve, so as to facilitate the control of water volume. The position interval of the filter screen is 4-5 meters, and the number is 6-8; the setting of the water control valve is the same as that of the filter screen.

Preferably, both the upper pool and the lower pool are provided with pipelines that are flexibly connected to the irrigation system of the multi-span greenhouse. The irrigation system includes drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation or sprinkler irrigation systems in the greenhouse. The pipelines described above are connected to these systems. Among them, the upper water collection pool can be used to mix fertilizers or chemicals, and apply fertilizer or pesticides through drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation and sprinkler irrigation devices in the greenhouse; the lower water collection pool is connected with the irrigation system of the multi-span greenhouse, and the water in the lower water collection pool can be used It is used for drip irrigation, seepage irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, and can also be used for washing salt with fresh water in greenhouses.

Preferably, the height of the bottom of the lower pool from the ground is 0.3 to 0.5 meters. After the rainwater (fresh water) is filled, the water potential difference caused by the height difference between the sump and the ground can be used to realize unpowered irrigation. It is used for flooding farmland to reduce secondary salinization of soil.

Preferably, the lower pool is provided with an overflow port, and the overflow port is connected to the drainage ditch of the greenhouse.

The system provided by the utility model for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses can be used for rainwater collection in multi-span greenhouses and fertilization, pesticide application or irrigation in farmland.

The system provided by the utility model for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses can intercept and divert rainwater to the sump, which can meet the water requirements for irrigation and fertilization of crops in the greenhouse, and can also make use of the height difference between the sump and the ground The resulting water potential difference enables unpowered irrigation. It is suitable for rainwater collection in multi-span greenhouses and fertilization, pesticide application or irrigation in farmland.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the layout schematic diagram of the water collecting pipeline in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the projection schematic diagram of the sump in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the schematic cross-sectional view of the sump in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the filter screen used in the present invention.

Detailed ways

In a multi-span greenhouse of a horticultural field in Shanghai, the rainwater collection and farmland irrigation energy-saving system provided by the utility model is adopted to collect rainwater and use it for farmland irrigation. The area where the horticultural site is located has an average annual rainfall of 1062 millimeters, and the annual rainy days are about 133 days, with abundant rainfall. The multi-span greenhouses (5 multi-span) are 30 meters long from east to west, and 40 meters long from north to south (span).

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the multi-span greenhouses in this embodiment are composed of five single sheds 1 connected to each other through a common column 2 to form a whole. The system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses of the present invention includes gutters 3 arranged on both sides of the arched roofs of each single shed 1 constituting the multi-span greenhouses, and installed at both ends of the top of the multi-span greenhouses. And the two water-blocking boards 4 communicated with the two ends of the gutter 3, the sump connected with the irrigation system of the multi-span greenhouse, and the rainwater in the water-blocking boards 4 can be diverted to the sump The water collecting pipe in 5. The water blocking plate 4 is preferably a plastic sump to prevent rainwater from running off.

The layout of the water collection pipes 5 is shown in Figure 1: according to the structure of the multi-span greenhouses, four water collection pipes 5 are respectively arranged around the edges of the multi-span greenhouses. The inner diameter of the water collection pipes 5 is 6cm, and both ends of the water collection pipes 5 Filter screen and anti-clogging, the distance between the filter screens is 4-5 meters, and the number is 6-8; the setting of the water control valve is the same as that of the filter screen. The ends of the four water collecting pipes are connected, and the rainwater is concentrated and drained into the water collecting tank (not shown in the figure). Water collecting pipes 5 (not shown in the figure) can also be respectively arranged at the interconnections of each single shed (ie, at the column 2). The quantity of water collecting pipe 5 depends on the single-span shed quantity of multi-span greenhouse.

The structure of the sump is shown in Figures 2 and 3: along the east-west direction, a sump is built in the gap between adjacent multi-span greenhouses. The height of the upper pool 61 is 0.5 meters, the height of the lower pool 62 is 1.0 meters, the length is 30 meters, and the width of the upper and lower pools is 1.0 meters. The upper floor sump 61 is directly connected with the water collection pipe 5 (not shown in the figure), and the upper strata sump 61 is mainly used for compounding fertilizers and pesticides, and its bottom is provided with a pipeline 9 to communicate with the irrigation system of multi-span greenhouses. Rainwater (fresh water) can be directed into drip, infiltration or sprinkler systems. There is a filter screen 7 and a water control valve 8 in the middle of the upper pool 61 and the lower pool 62; the structure of the filter screen 7 is shown in Figure 4, which is made of nylon, and its aperture size is 2mm x 2mm. The 62 lower parts of the lower sump are provided with pipelines 9 to communicate with the irrigation system of multi-span greenhouses. The water in the sump can be used for drip irrigation and infiltration irrigation. Meanwhile, the lower sump 62 is also equipped with an overflow port 10, which is connected with the greenhouse drainage ditch.

After 3 years of implementation, this method of water collection and non-powered irrigation has achieved remarkable results in the gardening field. The accumulated rainwater has largely relieved the water pressure of freshwater irrigation and fertilization, and at the same time, non-powered irrigation has saved a lot of energy. (shown in table 1), originally this horticultural field irrigation mainly relies on water pump to draw water to irrigate.

         Table 1 Comparison table between ordinary irrigation and non-powered irrigation

Claims (9)

1. A system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses, characterized in that it comprises gutters located on both sides of each single shed that constitutes multi-span greenhouses, and barriers connected to the ends of each of the gutters. The water plate, the sump connected with the irrigation system of the multi-span greenhouse, and the water collection pipe that can guide the rainwater in the water blocking plate to the sump. 2. The system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the water blocking plate is a water collection tank. 3. The system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water collecting pipes are arranged at the edges around the multi-span greenhouses or at the joints of the individual sheds. 4. The system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses as claimed in claim 1, wherein filter screens and anti-clogging are installed at both ends of the water collecting pipe. 5. The system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, wherein said sump includes upper and lower two-layer sump; said upper sump Connected to the water collection pipe. 6 . The system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the upper water collection pool and the lower water collection pool are sequentially connected through a filter screen and a water control valve. 7 . 7. The system for collecting rainwater and irrigating farmland in multi-span greenhouses as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, the upper water collection pool and the lower water collection pool are both provided with pipelines that are flexibly connected to the irrigation system of multi-span greenhouses. 8 . The system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses according to claim 5 , wherein the height of the bottom of the lower pool from the ground is 0.3-0.5 meters. 9. The system for rainwater collection and farmland irrigation in multi-span greenhouses as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the lower pool is provided with an overflow port.

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