CN201758646U

CN201758646U - Soilless artificial turf with biomimetic structure

Info

Publication number: CN201758646U
Application number: CN2010201960509U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙柏旺; 高启合; 何秀丽; 张征林
Original assignee: Southeast University
Current assignee: Southeast University
Priority date: 2010-05-19
Filing date: 2010-05-19
Publication date: 2011-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2020-05-19

Abstract

The utility model provides a soilless artificial turf with a biomimetic structure, which includes a green layer, a substrate layer, a fertilization layer and a bottom layer from top down , wherein the green layer consists of perforated non-woven fabric, straws, sand grains, water absorbents and grass seeds; the substrate layer consists of straws and soil; and the fertilization layer is formed through the mixing of straws, water absorbents, slow and controlled release fertilizers and bacillus licheniformis; and the bottom layer is tightly attached to the bottom surface of the fertilization layer and consists of straws and non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric is paved at the bottom of the bottom layer. Due to the adoption of crop straws as main material, the soilless artificial turf can have degradation; the capabilities of utilization rate improvement of liquid manure nutrients, water conversion and fertilizer economization, waster and fertilizer preservation, are highlighted by soilless artificial turf, and the releasing of liquid manure is slow in the soilless artificial turf; and the soilless artificial turf, which is free form geography and climate, can be applied to both regular afforestation and desertification management. In the soilless artificial turf, plants during growth periods can resist drought as long as 60 days to 90 days, and can preserve water as long as 90 days to 120 days during non growth periods.

Description

No natives worker lawn with biomimetic features

Technical field

The utility model relates to the soilless culture field in the gardening, and particularly relevant for a kind of no natives worker lawn with biomimetic features.

Background technology

There are many shortcomings in traditional lawn soil cultivation, destroys soil structure as lawn roll production; The turf peeling once approximately need the thick topsoil soils of 5cm, and production operation is heavy, is subjected to region spatial constraints etc., and for example promptly there are the problems referred to above in Chinese patent ZL00216071.4 " lawn inoculating bed ".

Carrying out the scale soilless culture is one of effective ways that address the above problem.In recent years, this respect has many researchs, as Chinese patent ZL01216163.2 " lawn blanket ", ZL200420105647.2 " the thick matrix lawn soilless of multi-layer combined type " etc.But can overflow because the water-fertilizer nutrient in the above-mentioned lawn soilless is met hot pressurized, influence its actual application value.As reasons such as topography and geomorphology special (as soil desertization, severe water and soil erosion etc.) and continuous drought, grass planting is easy to wither.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model just is to provide a kind of regional impact, drought-resistant and degradable no natives worker lawn with biomimetic features of not being subjected to.

The utility model proposes a kind of no natives worker lawn, constitute by grass green layer, hypothallus, fertilizer application layer and bottom from top to bottom with biomimetic features.Wherein, grass green layer is made up of hydrophobic nonwoven with holes, stalk, the grains of sand, water absorbing agent and grass-seed.Hypothallus is made up of stalk and earth.Fertilizer application layer is mixed by stalk, water absorbing agent, sustained-controll-release fertiliser and bacillus licheniformis.Bottom tightly invests under the fertilizer application layer, is made up of stalk and nonwoven, and wherein nonwoven is layed in the bottom.

In the utility model, described nonwoven with holes is arranged at the superiors of grass green layer, and to be made into diameter be 1～3cm, and the degree of depth is a plurality of recessed hemisphere of the 0.1～1cm shape that links to each other.Specifically, the surface design of grass green layer has been used for reference the principle that lotus leaf is collected dew: lotus leaf surface has one deck hydrophobic membrane, and dew is converged at lotus leaf surface.The effect of the hydrophobic nonwoven with holes of grass green laminar surface is similar to the hydrophobic membrane of lotus leaf surface, make the steam in the turfgrass when temperature reduces, condense to nonwoven surface, because the effect of recessed hemisphere, water is gathered together, see through the micropore of nonwoven, be penetrated into the growth (because the existence of the grains of sand, the infiltration of water is easier to be carried out) of grass green layer continuation participation turfgrass, this function realizes water saving and oneself's collection water on lawn self.

In the utility model, described grass green layer also comprises and fertilizer evenly mixes with stalk, the grains of sand, water absorbing agent and grass-seed mutually.

In the utility model, described hypothallus also comprises weed killer herbicide and insecticide, can eliminate the weeds and the insect of harm turfgrass.

In the utility model, described bottom also comprises plastic stent, is arranged at the bottom of nonwoven, to make things convenient for removing of lawn.

In the utility model, described stalk is the gas explosion stalk.After the explosion of stalk process high temperature, obtain the gas explosion stalk, its structure of fibrous tissue is loose, becomes cotton-shaped, fluffy softness.Because the hydrogen bond between fiber molecule is destroyed, a large amount of hydrophilic radical (as hydroxyl etc.) comes out, the suction of gas explosion stalk and moisture capacity obviously are superior to stalk, and than easier being degraded by microorganisms of stalk of directly pulverizing (normal stalk generally needs the time more than 1 year could degrade fully, and the gas explosion stalk was a degradable in 4-5 month).

The beneficial effects of the utility model are, this lawn mainly is made by crops straw, degradable, the outstanding availability that improves water-fertilizer nutrient that embodied is economized ability fertile, preserve moisture and fertility with water saving, liquid manure discharges slowly, and can not be subjected to region and climatic influences, and both can be used for conventional greening, also can be used for the improvement of desertization.This lawn plant can be resisted 60～90 days arids in vegetative period, but non-growing period water conservation 90～120 days.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows that structural representation of the present utility model.

Figure 2 shows that the vertical view of Fig. 1.

Embodiment

For above-mentioned and other purpose, feature and advantage of the present utility model can be become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and conjunction with figs. are described in detail below.

As shown in Figure 1, the no natives worker lawn with biomimetic features provided by the utility model mainly is made up of grass green layer 10, hypothallus 11, fertilizer application layer 12 and bottom 13.

The grass that grass green layer 10 is promptly cultivated, it is on the surface on lawn.Form by the nonwoven with holes of surface hydrophobicity, the thin wadding that gas explosion stalk bullet becomes, the grains of sand, water absorbing agent, fertilizer and the grass-seed of particle diameter 0.1～2.0mm.Wherein, nonwoven with holes can be pricked the hole thereon with sharp devices such as pins by common nonwoven and formed.In the present embodiment, utilize stalk gas explosion machine with the stalk gas explosion, with the gas explosion stalk and add the thin wadding that an amount of old and useless cotton is done into thick about 0.5～5cm, area can be adjusted as required at any time.This Bao Xuke cuts out, and is easy to use.

In conjunction with Fig. 2, sand, water absorbing agent, fertilizer and grass-seed are mixed, be layered on above the thin wadding of thick 1.5～3cm, the nonwoven with holes of bedding surface hydrophobicity, utilize the impression stitching process, the recessed hemisphere 100 of many similar patellates is made on the surface, each diameter is 1～3cm, the degree of depth is 0.1～1cm, sees Fig. 2.By the principle of imitation lotus leaf collection dew, the dew that produced early morning can compile rapidly, and infiltrates thin wadding by the hole, improves the ability of self economizing on water in the arid area in this lawn.Further, the nutrition of this layer and the moisture that provides should satisfy the demand of the early growth period of turfgrass.

In the utility model, hypothallus 11 is made up of thin wadding, earth, weed killer herbicide and insecticide.Weed killer herbicide, insecticide and earth are added water work become mud, dry the back and pulverize, divide among thin wadding.This layer thickness is 5～10cm, and nutrition and moisture are not provided, root system that main role is a fixedly turfgrass and weeds and the insect of eliminating the harm turfgrass.This layer of while also plays and alleviates rainwater or water to the erosion of fertilizer the loss of minimizing water evaporates, the moisture and the nutrient of maintenance fertilizer application layer, the life cycle that prolongs the lawn.Wherein, weed killer herbicide and insecticide can be taken the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease as required.

Fertilizer application layer 12 is mixed by thin wadding, water absorbing agent, sustained-controll-release fertiliser and the bacillus licheniformis that gas explosion stalk bullet becomes.Specifically, water absorbing agent and sustained-controll-release fertiliser and the lichen bacillus ferments powder are divided between the layer crack that is taped against thin wadding and thin wadding, make this layer by suturing skill.Wherein, the proportioning of sustained-controll-release fertiliser satisfies following condition: under the situation that water exists, nutrition composition can be formed makes the buffering of pH between 5.5～6.5 right, satisfies the physiological environment demand of the cellulose degrading enzyme of the lichen bacillus ferments growth and secretion thereof.Phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer all can be realized this requirement.This layer thickness is 5～10cm, plays the effect that moisture and nutriment are provided.

Above-mentioned bacillus licheniformis is a kind of anti-low pH, amphimicrobian probio, belongs to prior art, is person poultry safety's level Four microorganism.Bacillus licheniformis can produce the outer secretion type cellulose degrading enzyme, quickens cellulosic degraded in the stalk, plays the effect that improves soil.In the utility model, realize degraded thereby fermentation reaction on the throne can take place between gas explosion stalk and the bacillus licheniformis, than stalk after fermentation process and be used for that the planting lawn technology is more saved time, equipment, place and manpower.Here, fermentation on the throne is meant that the gas explosion stalk need not carry out fermentation process in advance, but utilizes the biochemistry on lawn self and physical environment to ferment, and promptly microbial fermentation carries out simultaneously in the process of turfgrass growth.

The growth temperature range of bacillus licheniformis is 30～55 ℃, can grow under the condition of the NaCl 0.1%～8%, pH3～9; The optimal temperature of cellulose degrading enzyme is at 35～45 ℃.This growth conditions shows that bacillus licheniformis is poor growth under normal soil environment; And desertization area ground temperature on daytime is higher, can be bacillus licheniformis certain temperature condition is provided.The growth characteristics of bacillus licheniformis provide good basis for the scope of application on lawn of the present invention, and this makes lawn of the present invention both can be used for the greening under the home, and the purpose that also can be used for the soil transformation of desert area is achieved.

What above-mentioned water absorbing agent was used is environmentally friendly degradable high-performance water absorbing agent, mainly is starch based (as starch-grafted acrylonitrile, starch graft acrylic acid, starch graft acrylic acid acid amides, starch graft acrylic acid ester etc.), cellulose family, marine alga acids, shitosan class and polyaminoacid class (as gamma-polyglutamic acid-, polylysine and poly-aspartate etc.).

Bottom 13 is made up of 2～5cm thick thin wadding and gas permeability, good nonwoven and the plastic stent of water penetration.Main effect is to prevent moisture and fertilizer loss, and lawn and soil or wall are isolated.Plastic stent can add or remove as required.

Manufacturing process of the present utility model is: with the crops straw gas explosion, the gas explosion stalk is made into the thin wadding of the thick cotton-wadded quilt shape of 0.5cm, and its shape that is cut into 1m * 1m is stand-by.Spread the nonwoven of the air-and water-permeable of 1m * 1m on the ground, get and reduce good thin wadding 4-5 sheet, pave compacting, bottom is made.Water absorbing agent, slow-release or control-release fertilizer and the lichen bacillus ferments powder is good, be layered between the layer crack of thin wadding and thin wadding, the edge is sewed up in compacting, waters sufficient water, and fertilizer application layer is made, and is tiled on the bottom.Weed killer herbicide, insecticide and earth are added water work become mud, dry the back and pulverize, be layered between the layer crack of thin wadding and thin wadding, the edge is sewed up in compacting, and hypothallus is made, and is positioned on the fertilizer application layer.Sand, water absorbing agent, fertilizer and grass-seed are mixed, be layered on above the thin wadding of thick 1.5-3cm the nonwoven with holes of bedding surface hydrophobicity, sew up in edge, and utilize the impression stitching process, recessed hemisphere in blocks is made on the surface, each recessed hemisphere diameter 2cm, dark 0.5cm.Water sufficient water, then grass green layer is made and is finished, and is put on the hypothallus.Grass green layer, hypothallus, fertilizer application layer and bottom are fixedly united by a seam with thin wire in edge, and this lawn makes and finishes.

Concrete case study on implementation only is a preferable case study on implementation of the present utility model described in the utility model, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present utility model.Be that all equivalences of doing according to the content of the utility model claim change and modification, all should be as technology category of the present utility model.

Claims

1. the no natives worker lawn with biomimetic features is characterized in that, comprise grass green layer, hypothallus, fertilizer application layer and bottom from top to bottom, described bottom tightly invests under the fertilizer application layer.

2. the no natives worker lawn with biomimetic features according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described nonwoven with holes is arranged at the superiors of grass green layer, and to be made into diameter be 1～3cm, and the degree of depth is a plurality of recessed hemisphere of the 0.1～1cm shape that links to each other.

3. the no natives worker lawn with biomimetic features according to claim 1 is characterized in that described bottom also comprises plastic stent, is arranged at the bottom of nonwoven.

4. the no natives worker lawn with biomimetic features according to claim 1 is characterized in that described stalk is the gas explosion stalk.

5. the no natives worker lawn with biomimetic features according to claim 1 is characterized in that the particle diameter of the described grains of sand is 0.1～2.0mm.