CN201425575Y - Equipment for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste - Google Patents
Equipment for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN201425575Y CN201425575Y CN2009201075809U CN200920107580U CN201425575Y CN 201425575 Y CN201425575 Y CN 201425575Y CN 2009201075809 U CN2009201075809 U CN 2009201075809U CN 200920107580 U CN200920107580 U CN 200920107580U CN 201425575 Y CN201425575 Y CN 201425575Y
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Abstract
The utility model aims to provide equipment which can be used for directly measuring the hydraulic parameters of solid waste. In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that the equipment comprises a box body capable of disassembly and assembly, which is made up of three parts, including a cover body (1), a side wall (2) and a base (3) connected by using a connection structure, wherein, a porous vitrified clay plate (9) is erected at the upper part of the base in the inner chamber of the box body, a cutting ring (11) for accommodating laboratory samples is arranged on the porous vitrified clay plate, a vent hole (6) and a pressure monitoring device (12) are arranged on the cover body at the top part of the box body, and a water outlet (10) is formed on the base of the box body. The equipment used in measuring the hydraulic parameters of solid waste is simple and rapid to operate, produces accurate and reliable results, provides another meansto study the migration of moisture in the dustheap, and enjoys a broad prospect in application.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of equipment that is used for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste.
Background technology
Grasping the factor that influences the rubbish hydraulic performance is that the water transport of research landfill yard moves the basis of rule.Owing to contain the surplus refuse in 50-80% kitchen capable of being fast degraded in the rubbish,, alter a great deal at whole landfill phase penetration property along with the continuous stabilization of refuse.But, still do not have the waterpower osmosis character that effective ways and equipment can accurately be measured solid waste at present.
The common method of indirect determination hydraulic parameters comprises: moisture is the distributed process method again, horizontal columns method, vertical column water evaporates Process Method and instantaneous profile method.Wherein, preceding two kinds of methods have only particle diameter just are suitable for less than the sample of 1-2mm, are not suitable for obviously that complicated component, particle change greatly, the hydraulic parameters of heterogeneous rubbish is measured; The third and the 4th kind of method need be used the matric potential of tensiometer (or depressimeter) measuring samples, but because rubbish is formed extremely complexity, especially contain more plastic products, and therefore using tensiometer directly to measure matric potential will inevitably produce than large deviation.
Simultaneously, compare with soil, rubbish is formed complicated, structural homogeneity is poor, the organic content height, it is big that aggregate forms probability, and its specific surface area and hole situation and soil exist than big-difference, the hydraulic parameter assay method of soil can not be applied mechanically fully, the assay method that is suitable for the rubbish characteristic must be worked out.
Multistep goes out stream method (Van Dam, J.C., Strickler, J.N.M.and Droogers, P., FromOne-step to Multistep Determination of Soil Hydraulic Functions by OutflowExperiments, Report no.7.Department of Hydrology, Soil Physics andHydraulics, Agricultural University, Wageningen, Netherlands, 1990.; J.Xiang, B.R.Scanlon, W.F.Mullican.A multistep constant head borehole test todetermine field saturated hydraulic conductivity of layered soils[J] .Advancesin Water Resources, 1997,20 (1): 45-57.; Stefan Finsterle, Boris Faybishenko.Inverse modeling of a radial multistep outflow experiment for determiningunsaturated hydraulic properties[J] .Advances in Water Resources, 1999,22 (5): 431-444) be a kind of numerical simulation method of inversion that grows up along with popularizing of computing machine, have rapid and simple, can obtain the advantage of water characteristic curve and infiltration coefficient simultaneously, shortcoming is that follow-up data work of treatment amount is big, the experimental formula that needs prior given description hydraulic parameters, as van Genuchten model (Van Genuchten M T.A closeform equation for predicting the hydraulic coaductivity of unsaturatedsoils[J] .Soil Sci.Soc.Of Am J., 1980,44:892-898; O.Ippisch, H.J.Vogel, P.Bastian.Validity limits for the van Genuchten-Mualem model and implicationsfor parameter estimation and numerical simulation[J] .Advances in WaterResources, 2006,29:1780-1789) to the method for the parameter in the formula with non-linear parameter estimation, as the least square difference is that objective function is optimized, the result who obtains is the parameters optimization in the formula, it is not hydraulic parameters itself, and can only obtain approximate optimal solution, even might be locally optimal solution.However, multistep goes out stream method a kind of effective mensuration means of still can yet be regarded as.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of equipment that can be used for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model by the following technical solutions: described equipment is connected by syndeton, the casing that lid 1, sidewall 2 and base 3 three parts detachable and assembling are formed; The base upper shelf is provided with a porous potter's clay plate 9 in the inner chamber of casing, and this porous potter's clay plate is provided with the cutting ring 11 that is used to adorn laboratory sample; The top lid of described casing is provided with air hole 6 and pressure monitoring device 12; Described cabinet base is provided with water delivering orifice 10.
Described syndeton can be: the relative both sides in described lid 1, sidewall 2 and base 3 three part sides or the section part of many sides are respectively to extending a plane 4 perpendicular to the direction in the casing outside, described extension plane 4 is provided with screw hole, and adjacent two screw hole positions of extending on the plane are relative, thereby with lid 1 and sidewall 2, and sidewall 2 and base 3 are connected to form described casing by screw 5.
Described porous potter's clay plate is that starting material are made with hydrophilic potter's clay, be to be used to the key component of permeating in the said equipment, at first, porous potter's clay board memory is in a large amount of open pores, but must satisfy permeable air-locked requirement under the pressurization situation, because admission pressure and pore radius are inversely proportional to, largest connected pore radius must be less than the pairing pore radius of maximum working pressure (MWP), secondly, described porous potter's clay plate also must have enough compressive resistances, and the pressure that is born when the maximum working pressure (MWP) 100kPa as the thick potter's clay plate of 1cm can be 500-510kg.Described porous potter's clay plate is preferably 1BAR B01M1 standard porous potter's clay plate, porosity 34%, maximum diameter of hole 1.7 μ m, saturation permeability coefficient 7.56 * 10
-7Cm/s.
Described breather line 7 is connected with gas cylinder 15 with threeway by stop valve.
For regulating pressure more accurately, be connected with pressure governor 8 between described air hole 6 and the gas cylinder 15.
Described pressure monitoring device 12 can be tensimeter etc.
For making described equipment can connect firmlyer, can bear bigger pressure, the lid 1 and the base 3 of described casing are provided with reinforce belt 14, but described lid 1 is connected by reinforcing rod 13 with reinforce belt 14 on the base 3.
Available conventional method prepares the above-mentioned equipment that is used for directly measuring the rubbish hydraulic parameters, and its size can arbitrarily be adjusted according to the experiment needs, and in addition, its Material Selection is diversified, as corrosion-resistant metal materials such as organic glass, PVC or steel plates.
The equipment that the utility model provides is based on the characteristic of the heterogeneous porous medium of rubbish, going out to flow permeability apparatus with multistep is foundational development, its weak point is improved, comprise following aspect: 1) the utility model is permeable airtight, can up and down under the constant condition of pressure at both sides difference, guarantee the water effective infiltration at the potter's clay plate; 2) sampling spoon and coating device size match, the water characteristic curve that is suitable for the original state sample is measured, and also can be used for the hydro science characteristic measurement of disturbance sample simultaneously; 3) can utilize pressure gradient to carry out the unsaturation osmotic coefficient investigating of the rubbish under the different water cut rate condition.Have with the hydraulic parameters of measuring apparatus solid waste of the present utility model simple to operate, quick, the result accurately, advantage reliably, thereby for the moisture content transport characteristics of research rubbish heap provides a new approach, have a extensive future.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that is used for directly measuring the equipment of rubbish hydraulic parameters
1, lid 2, sidewall 3, base 4, plane 5, screw 6, air hole 7, breather line 8, pressure governor 9, porous potter's clay plate 10, water delivering orifice 11, cutting ring 12, pressure monitoring device (tensimeter) 13, reinforcing rod 14, reinforce belt (ring flange) 15, gas cylinder
Embodiment
Method therefor is conventional method if no special instructions among the following embodiment.
Embodiment 1, be used for directly measuring the equipment of hydraulic parameters of solid waste
With the organic glass is material, processes as shown in Figure 1 the equipment that is used for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste with conventional method, and this equipment comprises by syndeton and connecting, the casing that lid 1, sidewall 2 and base 3 three parts detachable and assembling are formed; The base upper shelf is provided with a porous potter's clay plate 9 (1BAR B01M1 standard porous potter's clay plate, porosity 34%, maximum diameter of hole 1.7 μ m, saturation permeability coefficient 7.56 * 10 in the inner chamber of casing
-7Cm/s), this porous potter's clay plate be provided with the seamless steel cutting ring 11 that is used to adorn laboratory sample (Φ 19.4cm * 15cm); The top lid of described casing is provided with air hole 6 and pressure monitoring device 12 (tensimeter Y-150); Described cabinet base is provided with water delivering orifice 10; Described syndeton for the section part of relative both sides in lid, sidewall and base three part sides or many sides respectively to extending a plane 4 perpendicular to the direction in the casing outside, described extension plane is provided with screw hole, and adjacent two screw hole positions of extending on the plane are relative, thereby can be by screw 5 with lid and sidewall, and sidewall and base be connected to form described casing.
Described breather line 7 inserts in the air hole and is communicated with box house, and described breather line is connected with gas cylinder 15 with threeway by accurate stop valve, is connected with two stage pressure regulator 8 between described air hole and the gas cylinder.
In addition, the lid of described casing and base are provided with reinforce belt 14 (ring flange), and described reinforce belt connects by reinforcing rod 13.
The principle of work of the said equipment is: the opening pressure regulator is to pressurisation of pressure chambers, make the water in the sample form malleation P, this malleation contacts by porous potter's clay plate with free water, water in the sample oozes, the malleation of water is offset by the sample substrate gesture gradually in sample, the porous potter's clay plate both sides flow of water tends to balance, this moment stressed negative value just equal the matric potential of this sample.Further increase malleation P subsequently, and the water that flows out of record curve over time.Water percentage when can inverse going out balance according to the water yield that flows out in the sample is mapped water percentage and pressure P, can obtain the water characteristic curve of test sample.
Embodiment 2, with the hydraulic parameters of measuring apparatus solid waste of the present utility model
With the hydraulic parameters of measuring apparatus solid waste of the present utility model, concrete grammar may further comprise the steps:
1) porous potter's clay plate 9 is immersed fills with in the container of air free water, leave standstill 48 hours (24-48 hour all can), squeeze the air in the potter's clay plate;
2) fetch disturbed sample (totally 10 parts, numbering 1-10) from rubbish, with conventional oven drying method, be about to sample and put into baking oven and dry to constant weight under 105 ℃ ± 2 ℃, measure the water percentage of rubbish sample, water percentage is about 56.5% as a result;
3) sample size of obtaining needs according to unit dry weight and required sample volume is 2.518Kg, takes by weighing the sample of described weight, in the cutting ring 11 of the said equipment inner chamber of packing into and compacting, then the cutting ring that sample is housed is weighed;
4) it is saturated with air free water the rubbish sample to be carried out capillary, method is: cutting ring is covered the porous bottom that is lined with coarse filter paper, put into the water that the bottom is covered with one deck stone, keep the water surface to flush with cutting ring is suitable for reading, soak and weighed every 2 hours after 4-12 hour, till constant weight, the result soaks 36 hours (24-36 hour all can) altogether;
5) unload the sidewall 2 and the lid 1 of described device, block the water delivering orifice 10 of described bottom of device, then device pedestal is filled water;
6) filter paper of the about 22cm of usefulness water-wet diameter, be affixed on described porous potter's clay plate center, to post lurching of filter paper again has sample, bottom to have on the cutting ring of lid in being buckled in, should note making cutting ring and sample thereof only to contact filter paper, and to prevent that molecule in the rubbish from stopping up the hole in the potter's clay plate, and hold the cutting ring lid sample, cutting ring and potter's clay slab integral are turned over turnback, cutting ring and sample are on the potter's clay plate, they are placed on the bottom of device center of filling water, unload the cutting ring lid;
7) open the inflation in device of elevated pressure nitrogen bottle, the air-tightness of verifying attachment, the position with vaseline and fluid sealant sealing gas leakage is in good sealing state until device;
8) slow opening pressure regulator, container inner pressure is reached and be stabilized in setting value 5.0-8.5kPa, keep 24-96h or go out stream stop after, increase the regulator top hole pressure more gradually, carry out next pressure experiment, write down outflow during this time and concern over time, the result of record (5 groups of experiments) as shown in table 1;
5 groups of experiment condition complete lists of table 1
9) measure end back closing presure regulator, unclamp screw, unload the device lid, in baking oven, under 105 ℃ ± 2 ℃, dry after taking out samples weighing to constant weight, the water percentage of sample behind the calculating dehumidification, when finishing according to theoretical outflow and experiment the average moisture content of sample by after the water percentage in sample during each pressure equilibrium of inverse successively forward, (computing formula is seen document to theoretical outflow: D.A.Barry with the Michaelis-Menten formula, H.Prommer, C.T.Miller, P.Engesgaard, A.Brun and C.Zheng, Modelling the fate of oxidisableorganic contaminants in groundwater[J] Advances in WaterResources, 2002,25 (8-12): 945-983; Stefano F.Simoni, Anke
HaukeHarms and Alexander J.B.Zehnder, Factors affecting mass transfer limitedbiodegradation in saturated porous media[J] Journal of ContaminantHydrology, 2001,50: 99-120) calculate, last, according to water percentage and matric potential mapping, obtain the water characteristic curve of solid waste.
Above-mentioned testing result shows that equipment of the present invention can measure the hydraulic property of solid waste (as house refuse etc.) effectively.
The utility model includes but not limited to embodiment described above.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of equipment that is used for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste comprises by syndeton connecting, the casing that lid (1), sidewall (2) and base (3) three parts detachable and assembling are formed; The base upper shelf is provided with a porous potter's clay plate (9) in the inner chamber of casing, and this porous potter's clay plate is provided with the cutting ring (11) that is used to adorn laboratory sample; The top lid of described casing is provided with air hole (6) and pressure monitoring device (12); Described cabinet base is provided with water delivering orifice (10).
2, equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described syndeton is: the relative both sides in described lid (1), sidewall (2) and base (3) three part sides or the section part of many sides are respectively to extending a plane (4) perpendicular to the direction in the casing outside, described extension plane (4) is provided with screw hole, and adjacent two screw hole positions of extending on the plane are relative, thereby with lid (1) and sidewall (2), and sidewall (2) and base (3) are connected to form described casing by screw (5).
3, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described porous potter's clay plate (9) is a 1BAR B01M1 standard porous potter's clay plate, porosity 34%, maximum diameter of hole 1.7 μ m, saturation permeability coefficient 7.56 * 10
-7Cm/s.
4, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described breather line (7) is connected with gas cylinder (15) with threeway by stop valve.
5, equipment according to claim 4 is characterized in that: be connected with pressure governor (8) between described air hole (6) and the gas cylinder (15).
6, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described pressure monitoring device (12) is a tensimeter.
7, equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: lid of described casing (1) and base (3) are provided with reinforce belt (14), and described lid (1) is connected by reinforcing rod (13) with reinforce belt (14) on the base (3).
8, according to each described equipment of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: the material of described casing is organic glass, PVC or corrosion-resistant metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201075809U CN201425575Y (en) | 2009-04-28 | 2009-04-28 | Equipment for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009201075809U CN201425575Y (en) | 2009-04-28 | 2009-04-28 | Equipment for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste |
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| CN201425575Y true CN201425575Y (en) | 2010-03-17 |
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| CN2009201075809U Expired - Fee Related CN201425575Y (en) | 2009-04-28 | 2009-04-28 | Equipment for directly measuring hydraulic parameters of solid waste |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103163054A (en) * | 2013-02-16 | 2013-06-19 | 北京林业大学 | Method for determining structural parameter of macropores in soil |
| CN103760084A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-30 | 常州工学院 | Anti-seepage slurry infiltration instrument of refuse landfill |
| CN104122185A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-29 | 浙江理工大学 | Tester for researching compression-permeation relationship of garbage soil |
| CN104897540A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-09 | 上海大学 | Unsaturated soil penetration-diffusion soil-column experiment device |
| CN105527190A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏圣泰环境科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for determining soil water characteristic curve under constant pressure |
| CN106525695A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-03-22 | 贵州大学 | Soil capillary porosity tester and testing method thereof |
| CN107328685A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-07 | 武汉大学 | Go out the method that stream method determines unsaturated soil Hydrodynamic Parameters with pressure plare/pressure membrane |
| CN108303283A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-20 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of portable grade topsoil stratified sampler and its operating method |
-
2009
- 2009-04-28 CN CN2009201075809U patent/CN201425575Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103163054A (en) * | 2013-02-16 | 2013-06-19 | 北京林业大学 | Method for determining structural parameter of macropores in soil |
| CN103760084A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-30 | 常州工学院 | Anti-seepage slurry infiltration instrument of refuse landfill |
| CN103760084B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2016-06-22 | 常州工学院 | A kind of anti-seepage slurry infiltration instrument of refuse landfill |
| CN104122185A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-29 | 浙江理工大学 | Tester for researching compression-permeation relationship of garbage soil |
| CN104122185B (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-10-05 | 浙江理工大学 | The compression of a kind of refuse soil and infiltration relation analyzer |
| CN104897540A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-09 | 上海大学 | Unsaturated soil penetration-diffusion soil-column experiment device |
| CN104897540B (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2017-11-10 | 上海大学 | A kind of unsaturated soil diffusion soil-column test device |
| CN105527190A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-27 | 江苏圣泰环境科技股份有限公司 | Device and method for determining soil water characteristic curve under constant pressure |
| CN106525695A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-03-22 | 贵州大学 | Soil capillary porosity tester and testing method thereof |
| CN106525695B (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2023-09-01 | 贵州大学 | Soil capillary porosity measuring device and measuring method thereof |
| CN107328685A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-11-07 | 武汉大学 | Go out the method that stream method determines unsaturated soil Hydrodynamic Parameters with pressure plare/pressure membrane |
| CN108303283A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-20 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of portable grade topsoil stratified sampler and its operating method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100317 Termination date: 20120428 |