CN201331338Y

CN201331338Y - Slope gradient measuring instrument

Info

Publication number: CN201331338Y
Application number: CNU2008201751934U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柴峰; 杨周勇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-11-14
Filing date: 2008-11-14
Publication date: 2009-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 2018-11-14

Abstract

The utility model discloses a new slope gradient measuring instrument which can effectively solve the problem of lower precision of the measurement of the prior ruler measurement method when the slope gradient measuring instrument is used as a tool for measuring gradient of a slope; meanwhile, the slope gradient measuring instrument can also effectively solve the problems that the measurement by the prior level method is difficult to get rid of interference from obstructions, needs to simultaneously use a plurality of tools, takes more manpower, has low measurement efficiency and is difficult to be applicable to high-frequency measurement occasions. As the slope gradient measuring instrument comprises a straight line type main ruler, a quarter circle type graduated ruler is fixedly connected with the straight line type main ruler, the straight line type main ruler and an end socket of a straight line type level ruler form the rotary connection by relying on a rotary shaft, angle graduation lines varying from 0 degree to 90 degrees are formed on a disk surface of the quarter circle type graduated ruler, a horizontal shaft center line of leveling bubbles on the straight line type level ruler and a length direction line of the straight line type level ruler are arranged in parallel, so that the gradient of the slope can be conveniently measured under any condition.

Description

The ramp slope measuring instrument

Technical field

The utility model relates to the instrument of measuring surface slope, is mainly used in the measurement that highway subgrade, river levee, irrigation canals and ditches and massif etc. have the surface slope size on slope.

Background technology

The gradient size of sloping bodies such as highway subgrade, river levee, irrigation canals and ditches is all to be important control, detection index in construction or the construction of maintenance afterwards.At present, the method for measuring the gradient generally adopts tape measurement and spirit-leveling instrument method.Tape measurement is simple, intuitive comparatively, but it is big influenced by artificial estimation, and measuring accuracy is lower.The data that the spirit-leveling instrument method records are comparatively accurate, its concrete grammar is: the oblique length that tested inclined-plane is measured out with steel tape by elder generation, measure the elevation at oblique long two ends again with spirit-leveling instrument and Sopwith staff, calculate the discrepancy in elevation of oblique long top and bottom, utilize right-angle triangle Pythagorean theorem then, calculate the horizontal projection of oblique length, the ratio of this horizontal projection and the described discrepancy in elevation is value of slope.The spirit-leveling instrument method is measured the restriction also can be subjected to several factors, domatic long more, the steep more difficulty of then measuring of the gradient is also just big more, workload is also many more, obstructs the view or during current barrier, the precision of measurement also can reduce as having on domatic such as trees, stone riprap.Simultaneously, also there is some other shortcoming in the spirit-leveling instrument method, uses the multiple instrument that comprises spirit-leveling instrument, Sopwith staff, steel tape, counter as need, and it is many to take personnel, and efficiency of measurement is low.The spirit-leveling instrument method is difficult to be suitable for the occasion that high-frequency is measured, and in constructions such as highway subgrade, river levee, irrigation canals and ditches, for the size that makes the gradient is in slave mode constantly, the frequent detection of grade of side slope size is requisite exactly again.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is exactly that a kind of new ramp slope measuring instrument will be provided, it is when being used as the instrument of measuring surface slope, can solve existing tape measurement effectively and measure the lower problem of precision that exists, can also solve existing spirit-leveling instrument method simultaneously effectively and measure the problem that being difficult to of existing break away from that barrier disturbs, need use multiple instrument simultaneously, the personnel that take are many, efficiency of measurement is low, be difficult to be suitable for high-frequency measurement occasion.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that the ramp slope measuring instrument, has the linear pattern main scale, the ring-like rule of quadrant is fixedlyed connected with the linear pattern main scale, the linear pattern main scale forms by rotating shaft with the termination of linear pattern surveyor's staff and is rotatably connected, on the ring-like rule card of quadrant 0-90 ° angle groove is set, the length direction line parallel of the horizontal axis line of leveling bubble and linear pattern surveyor's staff is provided with on the linear pattern surveyor's staff.

As further scheme of the present utility model be: described linear pattern main scale is provided with at the blade length direction can outward extending secondary chi.

As further scheme of the present utility model be: also be provided with and the corresponding value of slope groove of place angle on the card of the ring-like rule of described quadrant.

The utility model is owing to be combined into linear pattern main scale, the ring-like rule of quadrant, linear pattern surveyor's staff the surveying instrument of one organic whole, thereby when being used as the instrument of measuring surface slope, a staff both can operate easily, saved the loaded down with trivial details step when measuring with spirit-leveling instrument, human and material resources have been saved, greatly improve the efficient of measuring, can satisfy the requirement that high-frequency detects.Simultaneously, the utility model is simple in structure, be easy to carry, and has the advantage little, applied widely that is affected by the external environment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the utility model ramp slope measuring instrument, and Fig. 2 is the application state figure of the utility model ramp slope measuring instrument shown in Figure 1, and the utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 shows the structure of the utility model ramp slope measuring instrument, Fig. 2 shows the utility model ramp slope measuring instrument shown in Figure 1 user mode on the slope, the ring-like rule 2 of quadrant is fixedlyed connected with linear pattern main scale 1, linear pattern main scale 1 forms by rotating shaft 4 with the termination of linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 and is rotatably connected, on ring-like rule 2 cards of quadrant 0-90 ° angle groove is set, the length direction line parallel of the horizontal axis line of leveling bubble 6 and linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 is provided with on the linear pattern surveyor's staff 3, the ring-like rule 2 of quadrant is provided with groove starting point 7 with linear pattern main scale 1 junction, linear pattern main scale 1 preferentially is provided with at the blade length direction can outward extending secondary chi 8, linear pattern main scale 1 can be in node 5 places doubling with secondary chi 8, the preferential setting and the corresponding value of slope groove of place angle on the card of the ring-like rule 2 of quadrant.

According to standard, the gradient on slope is to represent with the horizontal sides in the right-angle triangle and the ratio of vertical edge, the angle of representing hypotenuse and horizontal sides with α, then the gradient is 1/tg α, just formed a kind of function corresponding relation so between the angle α and the gradient, different value of slope just has different angle α corresponding, and angle α can read from ring-like rule 2 cards of quadrant intuitively, and value of slope can convert by angle α value and determine.

As the concrete aborning examples of applications of the utility model ramp slope measuring instrument, the length of linear pattern main scale 1 is made 2 meters, sectional dimension is 5 * 3 square centimeters, material is advisable with aluminium alloy, for ease of carrying, can make the rugosity of symmetry, the ring-like rule 2 of quadrant adopts the stainless steel index dial, width is 4 centimetres, the center line circular arc of the ring-like card of quadrant is 32 centimetres to the distance at rotating shaft 4 centers, be fixed on the linear pattern main scale 1, angular dimension only on the ring-like rule 2 of quadrant, also can be in the interior outside difference angular dimension and the gradient, when the while angular dimension and the gradient, 0-90 ° of average groove pressed in the inboard, the outside is the value of slope groove, choose representational scale value 0.1 in the value of slope groove, 0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.5,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,10.0 mark, the value of slope that does not have mark, can from the angle and the gradient table of comparisons, read by the angle value that reads, the length of linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 is 39 centimetres, sectional dimension is 2 * 2 square centimeters, material is an aluminium alloy, the stiff end of linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 is connected with linear pattern main scale 1 in the mode of hinged rotation, and can in 0-90 ° scope, rotate, linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 is close to the back side of the ring-like rule 2 of quadrant during rotation, and the middle part of linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 is provided with visual leveling bubble 6.Under non-working condition, linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 closes up with linear pattern main scale 1.

When the utility model ramp slope measuring instrument uses, the bottom surface of linear pattern main scale 1 is close to the surface of tested slope, when secondary chi 8 is set secondary chi 8 is stretched, guarantee place vertical of the utility model ramp slope measuring instrument with slope, if the surface of slope is smooth inadequately, should flatten or measure representative domatic as far as possible, one end of the ring-like rule 2 of band quadrant is placed on the upper end on slope, after fixing linear pattern main scale 1, slowly raise and rotate linear pattern surveyor's staff 3, observe the state of leveling bubble 6 on the linear pattern surveyor's staff 3, till leveling bubble 6 between two parties, show then that linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 is in horizontality this moment, reading reading angular value or angle value and value of slope on linear pattern surveyor's staff 3 and ring-like rule 2 intersecting lenses of quadrant, when not having corresponding mark value of slope, read by the angle and the gradient table of comparisons.

The angle and the gradient table of comparisons

Claims

1, a kind of ramp slope measuring instrument, has linear pattern main scale (1), it is characterized in that: the ring-like rule of quadrant (2) is fixedlyed connected with linear pattern main scale (1), linear pattern main scale (1) forms by rotating shaft (4) with the termination of linear pattern surveyor's staff (3) and is rotatably connected, on the ring-like rule of quadrant (2) card 0-90 ° angle groove is set, linear pattern surveyor's staff (3) is gone up the horizontal axis line of leveling bubble (6) and the length direction line parallel of linear pattern surveyor's staff (3) is provided with.

2, ramp slope measuring instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described linear pattern main scale (1) is provided with at the blade length direction can outward extending secondary chi (8).

3, ramp slope measuring instrument according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: also be provided with and the corresponding value of slope groove of place angle on the card of the ring-like rule of described quadrant (2).