CN203287012U - Comprehensive slope measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

A comprehensive measuring instrument for slope surface, including laser range finder, range finder holder, slope direction measuring compass, circular level, and support rod. The laser range finder is fixed on the support rod through the range finder holder. On the support pole, a slope measuring compass and a circular level are also fixed. It uses the principles of similar triangles and solutions of right triangles to obtain slope length and slope, and uses the principle of geomagnetism to obtain slope aspect. It has the advantages of convenience, high efficiency and integrated operation.

Description

A slope comprehensive measuring instrument

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of terrain measuring instruments, in particular to a comprehensive measuring instrument for slope length, slope and slope aspect. the

Background technique

The measurement of slope length, slope, and slope aspect is a necessary means to obtain slope characteristic data, and is an important data source for geological survey, engineering construction, agricultural production, soil erosion investigation, and soil erosion prevention and control. However, the traditional slope length measurement method is to measure the slope length with a tape measure or a bamboo pole, which not only requires the cooperation of multiple people, but also has a slow measurement speed, which is difficult to meet the needs of large-scale topographic measurements; using traditional total stations and theodolites Such precision instruments measure the slope. Although the accuracy is high, the instrument is bulky, the operation is cumbersome, and the measurement efficiency is low. Although the compass, level and other slope measurement tools are more convenient to carry, the measurement error is relatively large, and it is also easily affected by the magnetic field and humidity. and other external environmental influences. Moreover, for the acquisition of the three characteristic data of the slope length, slope, and slope aspect of a slope, the traditional method is to use a variety of different devices to obtain them separately, which is not only inefficient, but also has uneven measurement accuracy. the

Utility model content

In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional slope measurement equipment and methods, the utility model provides a device capable of simultaneously measuring slope length, slope, and slope aspect. The device has the characteristics of simple operation, high efficiency and practicality. the

The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following designs: the device mainly includes 5 parts of a laser range finder, a range finder fixer, a slope direction measuring compass, a circular level, and a support rod. The laser range finder is fixed on the support rod through the range finder fixer, and a slope measuring compass and a circular level are also fixed on the support rod. The laser rangefinder provides the straight-line distance from the rangefinder to the bottom point of the slope (or the top of the slope); while the rangefinder fixer fixes the rangefinder, the upper axis scale provides the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder and the horizontal plane The included angle; the support rod provides the vertical height of the laser rangefinder from the ground; the circular level is used to adjust the support rod to ensure that it is perpendicular to the geoid; the slope aspect measurement compass provides the slope aspect of the slope. After the support rod is inserted into the ground and aimed at the bottom point (or top point), adjust the circular level so that the support rod is perpendicular to the geoid. The point of intersection of the horizontal plane and the extension line of the support rod constitutes a right triangle, which shares a right angle side with the slope surface right triangle. According to the principle of solving right triangles, in the case of the hypotenuse measured by the known laser rangefinder and an acute angle measured by the rangefinder holder, the length of any side and any side of the right triangle can be obtained. The degree of the angle, and according to the length of the support bar, the length of the other right-angled side of the slope triangle can be obtained, and the two data of slope length and slope can be obtained by solving the right-angled triangle of the slope surface. The aspect measurement compass can obtain the aspect of the slope by using the principle of geomagnetism. the

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) Simple structure, high integration, and easy to carry. the

(2) The measurement is fast and accurate, and the operation is simple and efficient. the

(3) The measurement results are digitized, and the access is safe and fast. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a comprehensive slope measuring instrument. the

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser rangefinder. the

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the rangefinder holder. the

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an aspect measuring compass. the

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a circular vial. the

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the top of the support rod. the

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the bottom end of the support rod. the

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a slope comprehensive measuring instrument. the

In the figure, 1 is the laser range finder, 2 is the range finder holder, 3 is the compass for slope measurement, 4 is the circular level, 5 is the support rod, 1a is the sight, 1b is the laser generator and receiver, 1c is a display screen, 1d is a keyboard, 2a is an inclinometer, 2b is a connecting rod, 3a is a compass pointer for slope measurement, and 3b is a compass indicator disk for slope measurement. the

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described:

As shown in Figure 1, a comprehensive slope measuring instrument mainly includes a laser range finder (1), a range finder holder (2), a slope aspect measurement compass (3), a circular level (4), and a support rod (5) 5 SECTIONS. The laser range finder (1) is fixed on the support rod (5) through the range finder holder (2), and the slope measurement compass (3) and circular level (4) are also fixed on the support rod (5) at the same time . the

As shown in Figure 2, the laser rangefinder is mainly composed of four parts: the sight (1a), the laser generator and receiver (1b), the display screen (1c), and the keyboard (1d). The laser generator and receiver (1b) The top is a sight (1a), and the tail is connected with a display screen (1c) and a keyboard (1d). The main function of the laser rangefinder is to measure the straight-line distance from the rangefinder to the top or bottom of the slope through the laser ranging principle after aiming at the top or bottom of the slope. A calculation program is embedded in the rangefinder. Using the keyboard After inputting the inclination angle and height of the range finder, the slope length and slope are automatically calculated and displayed on the digital display. the

As shown in Figure 3, the rangefinder holder is mainly composed of two parts: an inclination measuring device (2a) and a connecting rod (2b). It is a semi-circular scale, the center is 0 degrees, and the front and rear ranges are 90 degrees. When the rangefinder deflects, the fixed scale line on the connecting rod remains unchanged, and the value of the semi-circular scale deviation from the fixed scale line is The angle by which the rangefinder is deflected. the

As shown in Figure 4, the aspect measurement compass is mainly composed of two parts: the aspect measurement compass pointer (3a) and the aspect measurement compass indicator disc (3b). The aspect measurement compass pointer is essentially a compass, which provides a constant The north-south direction of the slope aspect measurement compass indicator dial divides the slope aspect of the measured slope into 8 directions: east, south, west, north, southeast, southwest, northeast, and northwest. the

As shown in Fig. 5, the circular vial is an ordinary liquid circular vial. The plane of the circular vial and the support rod are vertical, and when the bubble in the circular vial is centered, the support rod remains vertical. the

As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the support rod is a metal rod with a length of 125cm. There is a pointed head with a length of 2cm at the bottom of the support rod. The length scale value is engraved on the outside of the rod. The scale value increases from top to bottom to indicate the laser The height of the rangefinder, when the support rod is placed on a hard ground, the height of the range finder is fixed at 127cm, when the support rod is placed on a soft ground, the support rod is inserted into the ground surface, and the height of the range finder can be measured from the scale of the support rod read it out. the

As shown in Figure 8, the working principle of a comprehensive slope measuring instrument is as follows: after the laser rangefinder is aimed at the foot of the slope, measure the straight-line distance c from the distance finder to the foot of the slope or the top of the slope, and the holder of the rangefinder Obtain the angle β between the laser rangefinder and the horizontal plane, and solve the right triangle to find the lengths of the two right-angled sides b and e. Use the level to make the support bar vertical, and read the laser measurement with the scale on the support bar. The height a from the tachymeter to the ground, then the height from the ground to the level surface is ba, according to the Pythagorean theorem, the length of the slope e=[e ² +(ba) ² ] ^1/2 , the slope θ=arctan[(ba) /e].

In summary, the steps for using a comprehensive slope measuring instrument are: select a suitable measuring point at the top (or bottom) of the slope to be measured, insert the support rod on the measuring point, and use the laser rangefinder The emitted laser red dot or the sight on the range finder aligns the laser range finder at the bottom of the slope (or the top of the slope), reads the inclination angle of the range finder on the inclinometer, and reads the range finder on the support pole Height, input the two data into the range finder respectively, then adjust the circular level to keep the range finder vertical, press the distance measurement switch, measure the distance from the range finder to the bottom (or top) of the slope, and pass The solution shows the length and slope of the slope and records are archived. the

Claims (5)

1. A slope comprehensive measuring instrument, comprising 5 parts of a laser range finder, a range finder fixer, a slope direction measuring compass, a circular level, and a support rod, characterized in that: the laser range finder passes through the range finder The fixer is fixed on the support rod, and the slope direction measuring compass and the circular level are also fixed on the support rod simultaneously. the 2. A kind of slope comprehensive measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser range finder is composed of 4 parts, a sight, a laser generator and a receiver, a display screen and a keyboard, and the top of the laser generator and receiver is For the sight, the tail is connected to the display screen and keyboard. the 3. A kind of slope comprehensive measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rangefinder fixer is mainly composed of two parts, an inclination measuring device and a connecting rod, the inclination measuring device is a semicircular scale, and the center It is 0 degrees, and the front and rear ranges are 90 degrees. When the rangefinder deflects, the fixed scale line on the connecting rod remains unchanged. The value of the semicircular scale deviation from the fixed scale line is the deflection angle of the rangefinder. the 4. A kind of slope comprehensive measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slope direction measuring compass is composed of a compass pointer and a compass indicating disk, the compass pointer is essentially a compass, and the compass indicating disk will measure the slope The slope aspect is divided into 8 directions: east, south, west, north, southeast, southwest, northeast, and northwest. the 5. A kind of slope comprehensive measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support rod is a metal rod with a length of 125 cm, the bottom of the support rod has a pointed head with a length of 2 cm, and the outside of the rod is engraved with a length scale value, and the scale Values increase sequentially from top to bottom. the

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