CN201241106Y - Inclined type fire coal gasification furnace - Google Patents

Inclined type fire coal gasification furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201241106Y
CN201241106Y CN 200820127031 CN200820127031U CN201241106Y CN 201241106 Y CN201241106 Y CN 201241106Y CN 200820127031 CN200820127031 CN 200820127031 CN 200820127031 U CN200820127031 U CN 200820127031U CN 201241106 Y CN201241106 Y CN 201241106Y
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China
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furnace
heater
coal
communicated
gas
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 200820127031
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Chinese (zh)
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王守信
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Fu Xiulan
Wang Shou Letter
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

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Abstract

Disclosed is an Inclined coal-fired gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body, a furnace bottom and an air supply device, wherein, the furnace body comprises a shell and a refractory material layer, a coal charging door is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body, a furnace grate is disposed at the bottom part of the furnace body, the furnace body bends forward and is arranged on the furnace bottom, a primary blast pipe is arranged under the furnace grate, the mouth of the primary blast pipe is close to the rear part of the furnace grate, and a secondary blast pipe is disposed at the upper part of the front side wall of the furnace body, the secondary blast pipe is communicated with an air inlet channel sloping downwards and arranged on the front side wall of the furnace body, a coal gas channel tilting upwards is disposed at the lower part of the rear side wall of the furnace body, and both the coal gas channel and the air inlet channel are communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body; and both the primary blast pipe and the secondary blast pipe are communicated with the air supply device. The Inclined coal-fired gasification furnace changes the horizontal and even layered state in the fuel gasification process, and promotes the sufficient oxidation-reduction reaction of fuel, and will not be affected by intermittent coal charging, and the utility model has advantages of continuous gas production, high gas output, sufficient smoke burning and non dense smoke discharge.

Description

Inclined coal-fired gasification furnace
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of cooking stove, is used for various boilers, kiln and hotblast stove.
Background technology
In recent years, people are in order to reduce coal furnace for atmospheric pollution, developed the new technology of coal-fired gasification furnace, the working mechanism of coal-fired gasification furnace and the producer gas generator of industrial use are basic identical, please refer to Fig. 1, in producer gas generator, coal be from top to bottom add, vaporized chemical then is from bottom to top to carry out countercurrent movement, and chemical reaction and thermal exchange take place between them.Thereby in producer gas generator, formed several zones, be called " layer ".Carry out order according to gasification in the producer gas generator, producer inside can be divided into six layers: promptly ash bed 21; Zone of oxidation 22 (claiming fire bed again); Reducing zone 23; Destructive distillation layer 24; Drying layer 25; Dead level 26; Wherein zone of oxidation and reducing zone are referred to as responding layer again, and destructive distillation layer and drying layer are referred to as the coal charge preparation layer again.The effect of each layer is as follows:
Ash bed: produce lime-ash behind the coal combustion, form ash bed, it covers on the fire grate at the foot of producer.It mainly act as: a protects fire grate, and the high temperature of their not oxidized layers is burnt out; B preheating vaporized chemical after vaporized chemical (once air-supply) enters from furnace bottom, at first carries out heat exchange through ash bed, and the ash bed temperature is reduced, and gasification agent temperature raises.General vaporized chemical can reach about 300-450 ℃ in preheating; The c ash bed has also played the effect of cloth wind, makes the vaporized chemical that enters uniform distribution as far as possible in burner hearth.
Zone of oxidation: be also referred to as zone of combustion (fire bed).Violent burning takes place and generates carbonic acid gas in oxygen and the carbon in the fuel gone up from ash bed in the next vaporized chemical, and emits a large amount of heats.It is one of main region in the gasification, and the temperature of zone of oxidation generally is less than the ash fusion point of coal, is controlled at about 1200 ℃.
Reducing zone: be reducing zone above the zone of oxidation.Fervid carbon has very strong captures oxygen in the oxide compound and bonded ability with it, so in reducing zone, carbonic acid gas is become carbon monoxide and hydrogen with water vapor by carbon reduction.Therefore this one deck is also gained the name, and is called reducing zone, because reducing zone is positioned on the zone of oxidation, obtains a large amount of heats from the gas that rises, so reducing zone has about 800-1100 ℃ of higher temperature, and this just provides condition for the reduction reaction of needs absorption heat.And say that strictly reducing zone also has first, second branch, and the higher place of temperature of lower claims first reducing zone, temperature reaches 950-1100 ℃, between the second layer is 700-950 ℃.
The destructive distillation layer: the destructive distillation layer is positioned at the top of reducing zone, the gas that is risen by reducing zone is along with heat is consumed, its temperature descends gradually, thus destructive distillation layer temperature between 150-700 ℃, coal is under this temperature, go through the process of low-temperature pyrolysis, fugitive constituent generation cracking in the coal produces materials such as methane, alkene and tar, and being heated becomes gaseous state, promptly generate coal gas and overflow, become the integral part of coal gas by top drying layer.
Drying layer: drying layer is positioned at above the destructive distillation layer, that is to say the surface layer of fuel, and the heating gas of rising meets at this layer with the fuel of just going into stove, carries out heat exchange, and the moisture in the fuel is subjected to thermal evaporation.It is generally acknowledged that drying temperature is between room temperature-150 ℃.
Dead level: layer is fuel bed top, the intravital free zone of stove, and it mainly acts on is to compile coal gas.The gasification of carrying out in the producer gas generator is a more complicated, and existing gasification reaction also has destructive distillation and drying process.And in the producer of actual production, layering neither be very strict, adjacent two layers is interlaced often, and the temperature of each layer also is progressively transition.
Existing coal-fired gasification furnace has been used for reference the principle of coal-gas producer, its vaporizer and coal-gas producer are basic identical, vaporizer is the vertical direction setting, each bed of material spatially is a level, each bed of material thickness in a lateral direction is identical, vaporized chemical is along the axial direction due vertical uplift of vaporizer, cloth wind is even, combustionvelocity is even, each bed of material from top to bottom descends in combustion processes successively, for small-sized coal-fired gasification furnace, this gasification mode can produce a problem, because small-sized coal-fired gasification furnace is the hand firing, the coal cycle is a reducing zone, the destructive distillation layer, drying layer exhausts the back and only have ash bed in stove, again coal after the zone of oxidation, like this, newly go into stove fuel and need form reducing zone again, the destructive distillation layer, drying layer, inflammable gas content is low in the flue gas of Chan Shenging during this period, be difficult for lighting, form the dense smoke discharging that contains a large amount of carbon thus.Forming in first igniting has the long time again in the zone of oxidation process, because inflammable gas content is low, be difficult for lighting, and also can produce a large amount of dense smoke dischargings.Generally, the gap coal needs 4-5 hour ability after-flame, and gasification only accounts for the time about 1/3rd, and gas producing efficiency is extremely low, and fuel consumption is big, and gasification reaction is insufficient, and smoke discharge amount is big, contaminate environment.
The utility model content
For addressing the above problem, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of inclined coal-fired gasification furnace, changed horizontal even laminating state in the fuel gasification process, make the oxidized reduction reaction abundant, be not subjected to intermittently that coal influences, can make gas continuously, the gas production rate height, the flue dust sufficient combustion, no dense smoke discharging.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:
A kind of inclined coal-fired gasification furnace, comprise body of heater, furnace bottom, air supply device, body of heater is made of shell and refractory masses, the top of body of heater is provided with firing door, the bottom of body of heater is provided with fire grate, it is characterized in that: body of heater turns forward and tiltedly is installed on the furnace bottom, blast tube is installed below fire grate one time, the mouth of pipe of this blast tube is near the rear portion of fire grate, on the top of body of heater front side wall the secondary blast pipe is installed, the downward-sloping air intake passage that is provided with on secondary blast pipe and the body of heater front side wall is communicated with, bottom at the rear wall of body of heater is provided with acclivitous gas flue, this gas flue and air intake passage all are communicated with the body of heater inner chamber, a described blast tube, secondary blast Guan Douyu air supply device is communicated with.
Described air supply device is made up of gas blower, bellows, a secondary air box, this gas blower is communicated with bellows, No. one time bellows are communicated with secondary air box through an adapting pipe, secondary air box is communicated with a blast tube, No. one time bellows are communicated with the secondary blast pipe through No. two adapting pipes, are respectively arranged with valve in a described adapting pipe, No. two adapting pipes.
The rear of described body of heater rear wall is provided with the chamber of strile-bacing, and the middle part of this chamber of strile-bacing is provided with arcual training wall, and the afterbody of this chamber of strile-bacing is provided with smoke outlet.
The angle A that described body of heater turns forward is 10-40 degree.
The downward-sloping angle B of described air intake passage is 10-70 degree.
The angle of inclination C that described gas flue makes progress is 10-60 degree.
Because adopt technique scheme, the utility model has following positive beneficial effect:
Each bed of material is uneven distribution in horizontal side, the position of windward is near gas flue, near gas flue, easy windward, combustionvelocity is fast, gasification rate is fast, thereby the close gas flue of the part of oxidation bed thickness, the part that zone of oxidation is thin deviates from gas flue, and the part of reduction bed thickness deviates from gas flue, the close gas flue of the part that reducing zone is thin, this layered structure helps coal gas and produces fast, during coal, the part that reducing zone is thicker does not have approach exhaustion, produce for follow-up coal gas and kept the high-quality source of the gas, can make gas continuously, the coal gas in the vaporizer, flue gas and secondary air feed form the eddy flow shape, flue dust and flame thorough mixing in the eddy flow process, make flue dust and incendiary zone of oxidation contact surface bigger, improved the after-flame degree, smokeless when having realized operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing producer gas generator.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model one embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the user mode synoptic diagram of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the principle of work synoptic diagram of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the utility model when using as hot water boiler.
Fig. 6 is the D-D sectional view of Fig. 5.
Embodiment
Number in the figure
1 body of heater, 2 furnace bottoms (base), 3 firing doors, 4 fire grates
5 blast tube 6 secondary blast pipes 7 air intake passages 8 gas flues
No. 10 adapting pipes of 9 vaporizers
11 ash beds, 12 zone of oxidation, 13 reducing zones
14 destructive distillation layers, 15 drying layer, 16 dead levels
20 No. two adapting pipes of 17 flue 18 water jackets, 19 smoke boxes
21 ash beds, 22 zone of oxidation, 23 reducing zones
24 destructive distillation layers, 25 drying layer, 26 dead levels
No. 28 bellows 29 secondary air box of 27 gas blowers
30 chamber 31 valves, 32 front side walls that strile-back
33 rear walls, 34 training walls, 35 smoke outlets, 36 valves
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the utility model is a kind of inclined coal-fired gasification furnace, comprise body of heater 1, furnace bottom 2, air supply device, body of heater 1 is made of shell and refractory masses, the top of body of heater 1 is provided with firing door 3, the bottom of body of heater 1 is provided with fire grate 4, body of heater 1 turns forward and tiltedly is installed on the furnace bottom 2, blast tube 5 is installed below fire grate 4 one time, the mouth of pipe of a blast tube 5 is near the rear portion of fire grate 4, on the top of body of heater front side wall 32 secondary blast pipe 6 is installed, the downward-sloping air intake passage 7 that is provided with on secondary blast pipe 6 and the body of heater front side wall 32 is communicated with, bottom at the rear wall 33 of body of heater 1 is provided with acclivitous gas flue 8, and this gas flue 8 and air intake passage 7 are that vaporizer 9 is communicated with the body of heater inner chamber all.The angle A that body of heater 1 turns forward is 10-40 degree.Air intake passage 7 downward-sloping angle B are 10-70 degree.The angle of inclination C that gas flue 8 makes progress is 10-60 degree, in above-mentioned angular range, helping coal gas produces fast, can make gas continuously, coal gas in the vaporizer, flue gas and secondary air feed form the eddy flow shape, and flue dust and flame thorough mixing in the eddy flow process make flue dust and incendiary zone of oxidation contact surface bigger, improved the after-flame degree, smokeless when having realized operation.Gas flue 8 has as shown in Figure 6 a plurality of.
Air supply device is made up of gas blower 27, bellows 28, a secondary air box 29, gas blower 27 is communicated with bellows 28, No. one time bellows 28 are communicated with secondary air box 29 through an adapting pipe 10, secondary air box 29 is communicated with a blast tube 5, and No. one time bellows 28 are communicated with secondary blast pipe 6 through No. two adapting pipes 20.An adapting pipe 10 is provided with 36, No. two adapting pipes 20 of valve and is provided with valve 31.The rear of body of heater rear wall 33 is provided with the chamber 30 of strile-bacing, and the middle part of the chamber 30 of strile-bacing is provided with arcual training wall 34.
Please refer to Fig. 4, body of heater 1 of the present utility model is owing to be to be obliquely installed, thereby each bed of material uneven distribution in a lateral direction, the position of windward is near gas flue 8, near gas flue 8, windward is once blown and is easy to penetrate ash bed 11 easily, the flare that forms through zone of oxidation 12 combustion just enters the chamber 30 of strile-bacing by gas flue 8 ejections, and combustionvelocity is fast.
The bed of material in the vaporizer 9 also is divided into six layers: be followed successively by ash bed 11 from bottom to top; Zone of oxidation 12 (claiming fire bed again); Reducing zone 13; Destructive distillation layer 14; Drying layer 15; Dead level 16; Though the number of plies is constant substantially, but considerable change has taken place in thin and thick of each layer and distributional pattern, wherein the part that zone of oxidation 12 is thick is near gas flue 8, zone of oxidation 12 thin parts deviate from gas flue 8, reducing zone 13 thick parts deviate from gas flue, gasification rate is fast, and the part that reducing zone 13 approaches is near gas flue 8, this layered structure, helping coal gas produces fast, in the time of need heating, open valve 36,31, start one, the secondary air feed, make flue dust and zone of oxidation 12 thorough mixing in the vaporizer 9, generate coal gas, during coal, reducing zone 13 thicker parts do not have approach exhaustion, produce for follow-up coal gas and kept the high-quality source of the gas, can make gas continuously, the coal gas in the vaporizer, flue gas and secondary air feed form the eddy flow shape, and flue dust and zone of oxidation contact surface are bigger in the eddy flow process, sufficient combustion, carbon content in the ash bed 11 is low, has improved the after-flame degree, does not have the dense smoke discharging when having realized operation.
Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, before the igniting slag level is layed on the fire grate 4 to gas flue 8 lower edges, form ash bed 11, lighting behind the tiling firewood on the ash bed 11, when firewood fires the intensity of a fire when more prosperous, add coal cinder 10-15 centimetre, close firing door 3, start gas blower 27, because body of heater 1 tilts, the bed of material near gas flue 8 places is thinner, ventilation condition is good, moment can produce high-quality coal gas, high-quality coal gas forms the eddy flow shape in vaporizer under an air blast of furnace bottom and the wind action of furnace roof secondary benefit, flue dust and flame thorough mixing in the eddy flow process, and it is longer in the 9 inner chamber residence times of vaporizer, after having obtained sufficient mixed firing, spray into the chamber 30 of strile-bacing through gas flue 8, after flame ran into the training wall 34 at 30 middle parts, chamber of strile-bacing, the circuitous burning of detouring entered the interchanger or the kiln of next stage, because above-mentioned furnace binding and combustion principle, improved the after-flame degree of fuel effectively, institute produces a large amount of dense smokes dischargings when having avoided first igniting to reach again coal, has reached smoke elimination, dedusting, energy-saving effect.
After coal cinder in the stove all burns red formation zone of oxidation, can turn off the blast, open firing door 3, again coal is to firing door 3 lower edges, the distribution of the interior bed of material of stove this moment is different from traditional producer gas generator and coal gasification boiler fully, because vapourizing furnace is in heeling condition, the bed of material near gas flue 8 positions is thinner, and ventilation resistance is little, can comparatively fast form zone of oxidation, the bed of material in the relative side of gas flue 8 is thicker, the gasification air quantity is less, and combustionvelocity is slow, and the bed of material is reducing zone substantially, between the temperature of reducing zone is 700-1100 ℃, produce for follow-up coal gas and kept the high-quality source of the gas, owing to contained the reducing zone of certain area again in the coal forehearth, when new coal cinder adds in the inner chamber (vaporizer 9) of body of heater, close firing door 3, after starting gas blower 27, moment just can produce high-quality coal gas, before the former reducing zone of depositing does not change zone of oxidation in stove, the coal cinder of newly going in the stove has been finished drying, destructive distillation, reduction process, the complete procedure of oneself coal cinder aerogenesis through forming.
That is to say, in vaporizer 9, keeping a reducing zone all the time, because its existence, oneself has the condition that can produce high-quality coal gas in the body of heater when next coal, thereby overcome the process that needs to cultivate again drying, destructive distillation, reducing zone behind traditional gas furnace coal, owing to do not need to cultivate above-mentioned three layers, also just not dense smoke discharging in a large number, therefore not because of intermittence coal produce a large amount of dense smokes dischargings, again the coal fuel depth is about about 50 centimeters, can export smokeless heat energy the long period like this.In the time need not heating, close gas blower 27, zone of oxidation 12, reducing zone 13 has slowed down combustionvelocity immediately, is in the smouldering fire state, no longer produces flue dust.
Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, increase water jacket 18 in the outside of the chamber 30 of strile-bacing, allow flue 17 make a circulation to pass water jacket 18, just constitute hot water boiler, the bending part at flue 17 middle parts can be provided with the smoke box 19 of anastomosis.Coal-fired gasification furnace of the present utility model can be applied to various hot water boilers, heating boiler, kiln, stoving oven etc.

Claims (6)

1. inclined coal-fired gasification furnace, comprise body of heater, furnace bottom, air supply device, body of heater is made of shell and refractory masses, the top of body of heater is provided with firing door, the bottom of body of heater is provided with fire grate, it is characterized in that: body of heater turns forward and tiltedly is installed on the furnace bottom, blast tube is installed below fire grate one time, the mouth of pipe of this blast tube is near the rear portion of fire grate, on the top of body of heater front side wall the secondary blast pipe is installed, the downward-sloping air intake passage that is provided with on secondary blast pipe and the body of heater front side wall is communicated with, bottom at the rear wall of body of heater is provided with acclivitous gas flue, this gas flue and air intake passage all are communicated with the body of heater inner chamber, a described blast tube, secondary blast Guan Douyu air supply device is communicated with.
2. inclined coal-fired gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air supply device is made up of gas blower, bellows, a secondary air box, this gas blower is communicated with bellows, No. one time bellows are communicated with secondary air box through an adapting pipe, secondary air box is communicated with a blast tube, No. one time bellows are communicated with the secondary blast pipe through No. two adapting pipes, are respectively arranged with valve in a described adapting pipe, No. two adapting pipes.
3. inclined coal-fired gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the rear of described body of heater rear wall is provided with the chamber of strile-bacing, and the middle part of this chamber of strile-bacing is provided with arcual training wall, and the afterbody of this chamber of strile-bacing is provided with smoke outlet.
4. inclined coal-fired gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the angle that described body of heater turns forward is 10-40 degree.
5. inclined coal-fired gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the downward-sloping angle of described air intake passage is 10-70 degree.
6. inclined coal-fired gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the angle of inclination that described gas flue makes progress is 10-60 degree.
CN 200820127031 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Inclined type fire coal gasification furnace Expired - Fee Related CN201241106Y (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 200820127031 CN201241106Y (en) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Inclined type fire coal gasification furnace

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 200820127031 CN201241106Y (en) 2008-06-20 2008-06-20 Inclined type fire coal gasification furnace

Publications (1)

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CN201241106Y true CN201241106Y (en) 2009-05-20

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101650024B (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-02-09 王守信 Coal-fired gasification swirl combustion furnace
CN109054898A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-21 汉源四环锌锗科技有限公司 A kind of gas generator production technology

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101650024B (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-02-09 王守信 Coal-fired gasification swirl combustion furnace
CN109054898A (en) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-21 汉源四环锌锗科技有限公司 A kind of gas generator production technology

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C14 Grant of patent or utility model
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C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
C53 Correction of patent for invention or patent application
CB03 Change of inventor or designer information

Inventor after: Wang Shouxin

Inventor after: Fu Xiulan

Inventor before: Wang Shouxin

COR Change of bibliographic data

Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTOR; FROM: WANG SHOUXIN TO: WANG SHOUXIN; FU XIULAN

TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20091106

Address after: No. 4, unit 3, building 5, Yingbin East Road, Shanxi, Datong, 8, postcode: 037000

Co-patentee after: Fu Xiulan

Patentee after: Wang Shou letter

Address before: No. 4, unit 3, building 5, Yingbin East Road, Shanxi, Datong, 8, postcode: 037000

Patentee before: Wang Shouxin

C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20090520

Termination date: 20100620