CN201073654Y - Garbage air separation classification system before incineration of refuse - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a refuse air classification system before incineration, comprising a feeder, a material pit, a refuse grinder, a magnetic grader, a discharging conveyor belt, a pneumatic separator and a material separation conveyor belt; the refuse grinder comprises a frame body and a box arranged on the frame body, a feeding hopper is arranged on the box, a discharge opening is arranged under the box, reducers which are connected with transmission device are arranged on both sides of the box; four cutter axes are horizontally arranged in the box, scribe-wheels are arranged on all the cutter axes, two of the cutter axes are distributed on the upper layer, the other two of the cutter axes are distributed on the lower layer, and the distance between the two cutter axes distributed on the upper layer is more than the distance between the two cutter axes distributed on the lower layer; the pneumatic separator is a closed bidirectional pneumatic separator, one of the draught fans is arranged before the chassis, the other draught fan is arranged on the top of the chassis. The utility model has the advantages of improving the classified accuracy rate due to the magnetic separation and winnowing separation after the refuse is grinded, improving the classifying quality caused by adopting the closed bidirectional pneumatic separator.

Description

Garbage winnowing classification system before garbage incineration

technical field

The utility model belongs to garbage treatment equipment, and in particular relates to a garbage winnowing and sorting system which performs winnowing and sorting after rubbish is crushed and treated.

Background technique

As we all know, the composition of domestic waste in my country is very complex, including kitchen waste, other components such as plastic, glass, metal, and even construction waste. When these garbage enter the combustion grate, it is easy to cause damage to the grate, or produce polluting gas, which affects the quality of exhaust emissions. In order to make the garbage entering the combustion grate more suitable for combustion, it is necessary to use a garbage crusher before the garbage enters the grate. Crushing, and then screening and sorting the garbage, screening out the garbage that is not suitable for entering the combustion grate, and then transferring it to the garbage incinerator for incineration to generate electricity, which can not only treat the garbage, but also convert the waste into electricity. The existing waste air separation and classification system is generally composed of a magnetic separator, a wind separator, a vibrating screen (or drum screen), and a crusher. The wind separator only includes a fan, and the wind direction is parallel to the horizontal line, resulting in light Garbage such as plastic bags floats in the air of the sorter, and the garbage sorting effect is not good; the vibrating screen (or drum sieve) is installed in the system, mainly because the front part of the system is not equipped with a garbage crusher or the garbage crusher installed cannot dispose of large pieces. Garbage crushing needs to filter the garbage, but due to the larger garbage and harder garbage, the screen is easily blocked and damaged; the existing garbage crusher consists of a feed hopper, a discharge port and a crushing system. The crushing system consists of a crushing box and parallel and counter-rotating crushing cutter shafts installed in the crushing chamber. The two cutter shafts are equipped with cutter wheels at intervals, and the cutter teeth are evenly distributed on the circumferential surface of the cutter wheels. The cutter teeth cooperate with each other to form scissors. If the distance between adjacent cutter shafts is too large, small garbage cannot be effectively shredded, and if the distance between adjacent cutter shafts is too small, larger garbage cannot be effectively shredded, and it is easy to jam the knife, causing the machine Can not work normally.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a waste winnowing classification system with the function of crushing waste before incineration.

The technical scheme of the utility model is: a waste air separation and classification system before waste incineration, including a feeder, a storage pit, a waste crusher, a magnetic separator, a discharge conveyor belt, a wind separator, and a separation material Conveyor belt; wherein, the feeder is set at the bottom of the storage pit, the discharge port of the storage pit is connected with the feed port of the garbage crusher, and the discharge port of the garbage crusher is facing the front end of the discharge conveyor belt. The rear end of the material conveyor belt is connected to the material inlet of the wind separator, the magnetic separator is set above the discharge conveyor belt, and the outlet of the wind separator is facing the upper surface of the separated material conveyor belt; the garbage is crushed The machine includes a frame body and a box body on the frame body. The upper end of the box body is provided with a hopper, the side of the lower end is provided with a discharge port, and two sides are equipped with a reducer connected to a transmission device. One cutter shaft, with cutter wheels evenly distributed on the cutter shaft, wherein two cutter shafts are distributed on the upper layer, two cutter shafts are distributed on the lower layer, and the distance between the cutter shafts distributed on the upper layer is larger than the distance between the cutter shafts distributed on the lower layer, so The garbage crusher has high efficiency and can crush large-volume garbage; the wind separator is a closed two-way wind separator, one of which is arranged in front of the chassis, and its air outlet is connected to the front end of the chassis; A blower fan is installed on the top surface of the case, and its air outlet is connected to the air duct obliquely arranged at the corner of the rear end face of the case. A closed two-way wind sorting machine is used to improve the classification effect.

According to the preferred scheme of the present invention, the wind force separator is a closed two-way wind force separator, and the closed two-way wind force separator is composed of a chassis, a fan, an air duct, and a discharge port, and the front side of the chassis is arranged There is an air outlet of the fan. The air outlet of the fan is located at the lower end of the outlet of the discharge conveyor belt. The top of the rear side of the chassis is provided with an air outlet of the air duct. The angle between the air duct and the horizontal line is less than 90 degrees. The air inlet is provided with a fan, the bottom of the chassis is provided with outlets side by side, and an isolation board is arranged between adjacent outlets. The isolation board separates the waste after winnowing. The position and quantity of the outlet are related to the separated materials. Corresponding to the conveyor belt; through the reverse blowing at the top, the light garbage can fall into the hopper better.

According to the preferred solution of the present invention, the circumferential surface of the cutter wheel of the garbage crusher is evenly distributed with spiral cutter teeth inclined in the same direction, and the tip of each cutter tooth is radially provided with a hammering block, and the The hammer block is perpendicular to the end face of the cutter wheel. The dislocation distribution of the teeth on the upper cutter shaft and the dislocation distribution of the cutter shafts on the same side of the lower layer are matched with each other to form a scissors form, and the dislocation distribution of the teeth on the lower two cutter shafts is also matched with each other to form a scissors form to squeeze and cut garbage , the adjacent cutter shafts rotate in the opposite direction. The cutter wheel of the upper cutter shaft plays the role of biting and squeezing the object into the lower cutter shaft for cutting and crushing during the crushing process. Hit, smash.

According to the preferred solution of the new utility model, the box body of the garbage crusher is composed of upper, middle and lower boxes combined by positioning pins, and the connection holes with the reducer are opened on both sides, and the lower box body can be installed first. Install the entire cutter shaft with the cutter wheel on the lower box, and then install the middle box and the upper box, so that it is easy to install, disassemble and overhaul.

According to a preferred solution of the present application, each cutter shaft is controlled by a separate speed reducer, and it is easy to adjust a single cutter shaft independently.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: a four-shaft crusher is used in the system, and magnetic separation and winnowing are performed after the garbage is crushed, which improves the accuracy of sorting, cancels the vibrating screen (or drum screen), and reduces the waste of the system. The cost is improved, and the reliability is improved; the closed two-way air separator is used to improve the classification effect. After sorting, magnetic metals such as iron and solid waste with high density are sorted out and do not enter the waste combustion chamber. ; The bulky garbage enters the combustion grate after being crushed by the crusher, which can reduce the phenomenon of "bridging", and is conducive to the stable combustion of garbage; organic matter such as plastics is screened out, which improves the emission quality of exhaust gas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a structural representation of the garbage crusher 14 in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a structural representation of the cutter wheel in Fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is a right side view of FIG. 5 .

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of wind force separator 17 in the utility model;

FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 7 .

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described:

Referring to Fig. 1, the waste winnowing and sorting system before the waste incineration described in the utility model is composed of a feeder 12, a material storage pit 13, a garbage crusher 14, a magnetic separator 15, a discharge conveyor belt 16, and a wind power separator. Separator 17, separated material conveyer belt 18 constitutes; Wherein, feeder 12 is arranged on the bottom of storage pit 13, and the discharge opening of storage pit 13 is connected with the feed inlet of garbage crusher 14, and the bottom of garbage crusher 14 The discharge port is facing the front end of the discharge conveyor belt, and the magnetic separator 15 is arranged above the discharge conveyor belt 16. The magnetic separator 15 can be of flat plate type or drum type, and can also be equipped with a receiving device for removing iron. The rear end of the material conveyor belt 16 is connected to the feed port of the wind force separator 17, and the discharge port of the wind force separator 17 is facing the upper surface of the separated material conveyor belt 18; the wind force separator 17 is a closed two-way wind force separator. Select machine, wherein a fan 17b is arranged on the front of the cabinet 17a, its air outlet is connected with the front end of the cabinet 17a, and the other fan 17c is installed on the top of the cabinet 17a, and its air outlet is arranged on the rear end of the cabinet 17a obliquely The air duct 17d in the upper corner is connected.

The garbage truck 11 pours the garbage into the storage pit 13, and the feeder 12 evenly pushes the garbage in the storage pit 13 into the garbage crusher 14, and the crushed garbage passes through the discharge conveyor belt 16 through the magnetic separator. 15 After sorting the magnetic materials, enter the wind power sorting machine 17. The wind power sorting machine uses wind power to divide the garbage into high-density materials, medium-density materials and low-density materials. Self-processing site, classified treatment, and send the garbage that needs to be incinerated into the garbage fermentation pit.

2 to 6, the garbage crusher 14 is composed of a frame body 2 and a box body arranged on the frame body 2. The upper end of the box body is provided with a feed hopper 1, and the lower end is provided with a discharge port 3. There is a reducer 4 connected to the transmission device on the side, and there are four cutter shafts 9 lying horizontally and parallel in the box, and cutter wheels 8 are evenly distributed on the cutter shafts 9, two of which are distributed on the upper layer, and two The cutter shafts 9 are distributed in the lower layer, and the distance between the cutter shafts 9 distributed in the upper layer is larger than the distance between the cutter shafts 9 distributed in the lower layer. The circumferential surface of the cutter wheel 8 is evenly distributed with spiral cutter teeth 8a inclined in the same direction, and the tip of each cutter tooth 8a is radially provided with a hammering block 8c, and the hammering block 8c is perpendicular to the On the end face of the cutter wheel 8, the dislocation distribution of the teeth on the upper cutter shaft and the cutter teeth on the same side of the lower layer are matched with each other to form a scissors form, and the dislocation distribution of the teeth on the lower two cutter shafts is also matched with each other to form a scissors form, adjacent to each other The tool shafts rotate in opposite directions. The box is composed of upper, middle and lower 7, 5, and 6 three-layer boxes combined by positioning pins. Each of the cutter shafts 9 is controlled by a separate reducer 4, which is connected to a motor. The dislocation distribution of the cutter teeth on the upper cutter shaft 9 and the cutter shaft on the same side of the lower layer cooperate with each other to form scissors, and the dislocation distribution of the cutter teeth on the lower cutter shaft also cooperates with each other to form scissors to squeeze and cut garbage , the opposite direction rotation between adjacent tool axes.

Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 8, described wind power separator 17 is closed two-way wind power separator, and described closed two-way wind power separator is made of chassis 17a, fan 17b, 17c, air duct 17d, discharge port 17f , the wind separator 17 is a closed two-way wind separator, wherein a fan 17b is arranged in front of the cabinet 17a, its air outlet is connected to the front end of the cabinet 17a, and the outlet of the fan 17b is located at the discharge conveyor belt The lower end of the discharge port of 16, another fan 17c is installed on the top surface of the cabinet 17a, the fan 17c can be fixed on the top of the cabinet or hang on the top of the cabinet, and its air outlet is arranged obliquely on the rear end surface of the cabinet 17a. The air duct 17d is connected to the air duct 17d, and there is an angle β between the outlet and the horizontal line, and the optimal value of the angle β is 20 degrees to 30 degrees. The air duct 17d and the horizontal line have an angle α less than 90 degrees, and the angle α is the best The value is 30 degrees to 60 degrees. The air inlet of the air duct 17d is provided with a fan 17c, and the bottom of the chassis 17a is provided with a discharge port 17f side by side. The discharge port can be in the shape of a funnel. The position and quantity of the plate 17e and the outlet correspond to the separated material conveying belt 18 .

Claims (5)

1. Garbage winnowing classification system before garbage incineration, including feeder (12), storage pit (13), garbage crusher (14), magnetic separator (15), discharge conveyor belt (16), Wind force sorting machine (17), separation material conveyer belt (18); Wherein, feeder (12) is arranged on the bottom of storage pit (13), and the discharge port of storage pit (13) and garbage crusher ( 14), the discharge port of the garbage crusher (14) is facing the front end of the discharge conveyor belt (16), and the rear end of the discharge conveyor belt (16) is connected to the inlet of the wind power separator (17). Feed port, magnetic force separator (15) is arranged on the top of discharge conveyer belt (16), and the discharge port of wind force separator (17) is facing the upper surface of separation material conveyer belt (18), it is characterized in that: The garbage crusher (14) includes a frame body (2) and a box body located on the frame body (2). The upper end of the box body is provided with a feed hopper (1), and the lower end is provided with a discharge port (3). The side is connected to the reducer (4), and four cutter shafts (9) are arranged in parallel in the box, and cutter wheels (8) are evenly distributed on the cutter shafts (9), and two of the cutter shafts (9) are distributed on On the upper floor, two cutter shafts (9) are distributed on the lower floor, and the distance between the cutter shafts (9) distributed on the upper floor is larger than the distance between the cutter shafts (9) distributed on the lower floor; the wind separator (17) is a closed two-way wind force Sorting machine, wherein one fan (17b) is arranged on the front of the cabinet (17a), its air outlet is connected with the front face of the cabinet (17a), and the other fan (17c) is installed on the top surface of the cabinet (17a), and its air outlet It is connected with the air duct (17d) obliquely arranged on the corner of the rear end face of the chassis (17a). 2. according to the waste winnowing sorting system before the described waste incineration of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the air outlet of described blower fan (17b) is positioned at the lower end of the outlet of discharge conveyer belt (16), and described cabinet ( 17a) There is an included angle (α) between the air channel (17d) at the corner of the rear end surface and the horizontal line less than 90 degrees, and the bottom of the chassis (17a) is provided with outlets (17f) side by side, and the outlets between adjacent outlets are arranged There is a separation plate (17e), and the position and quantity of the discharge port are corresponding to the separation material conveyor belt (18). 3. According to claim 1 or 2, the waste winnowing classification system before incineration is characterized in that: the circumferential surface of the cutter wheel (8) is evenly distributed with spiral cutter teeth (8a) inclined in the same direction, A hammering block (8c) is arranged radially at the tip of each cutter tooth (8a), and the hammering block (8c) is perpendicular to the end face of the cutter wheel (8). 4. The waste winnowing and sorting system before the waste incineration according to claim 3, characterized in that: the box is composed of upper, middle and lower (7, 5, 6) three-layer boxes connected into one by positioning pins . 5. The waste winnowing and sorting system before waste incineration according to claim 4, characterized in that: said each cutter shaft (9) is controlled by a separate reducer (4).

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