CN1963307A - Furnace combustion power control method - Google Patents
Furnace combustion power control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1963307A CN1963307A CNA2006101436136A CN200610143613A CN1963307A CN 1963307 A CN1963307 A CN 1963307A CN A2006101436136 A CNA2006101436136 A CN A2006101436136A CN 200610143613 A CN200610143613 A CN 200610143613A CN 1963307 A CN1963307 A CN 1963307A
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- Prior art keywords
- value
- steam
- parameter
- boiler
- burning capacity
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
- F23N5/203—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2241/00—Applications
- F23N2241/10—Generating vapour
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
This invention related to a method which control boiler's burning capasity, this method use thermal equilibrium which is enactment to figure out parameter values to control burning capasity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of controlling furnace combustion power, this combustion furnace is preferably fluid bed furnace.
Background technology
The control method of burning capacity is used for controlling the heat output of combustion furnace, for example makes the heat output of combustion furnace keep constant in time.
The combustion furnace of the above-mentioned type for example can be used for incinerating waste material or mud.In combustion process, produce waste gas in the combustion furnace, after waste gas leaves combustion furnace, be conducted through waste heat boiler or steam boiler and air preheater, so that utilize the heat energy that contains in the waste gas.In used heat utilized, promptly in steam boiler, waste gas was cooled, and produced heterodromous superheated steam in waste heat boiler.Part steam is generally used in the consumer of equipment, but most steam is fed in the steam net.
The burning capacity control method of known this combustion furnace is that the vapour volume flow value that " reality " produces in utilizing according to used heat is controlled burning capacity.This numerical value is suitably put at one and is measured by the corresponding sensing device.In this application, term " reality " is meant by measuring definite parameter value, vapour volume flow promptly of the present invention.The term " theory " that will be used for following explanation then is meant by calculating definite parameter value.The actual value of the vapour volume flow of being measured is compared with a preset value, and controls burning capacity according to both difference results.The heat output of supposing combustion furnace keeps constant, if actual steam volume flow value less than preset value, then burning capacity should increase.If but actual steam volume flow value is greater than preset value, then the burning capacity of boiler should reduce.If the numerical value and the preset value of actual steam volume flow are suitable, it is constant that the burning capacity of combustion furnace will keep.The adjusting of burning capacity control is to carry the engine of the conveying device of burning material to realize by starting to boiler.The rotating speed of engine is high more, carries the burning material in the boiler many more, and burning capacity is high more.
Above-mentioned known furnace combustion power control method has proved success in the past.But shortcoming is that the control of burning capacity is very slow, and control just has been delayed considerable time.This shortcoming is even more important to the burning of fluid bed furnace, and its reason is that steam boiler and combustion furnace are placed in the different location.Vapour volume flow results in the steam boiler of measuring postpones the corresponding combustion case in combustion furnace in time.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of control method that can reduce the boiler combustion ability of time delay.
And, the alternative control method in order to replacement or additional known control method also is provided.The latter's meaning is, can guarantee can use another kind of method to take over when a kind of control method loses efficacy.
Therefore, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of selectable control method to control the boiler combustion ability.
According to the present invention, in these purposes at least one is to realize by the method that adopts first kind of mode to control the boiler combustion ability, at least one parameter is measured by sensor in the method, the thermal balance that the parameter of this at least one mensuration is scheduled to by substitution is come theory of computation value, according to the theoretical value control burning capacity that calculates.Use the thermal balance of energy force control method can theoretical calculate the required parameter value of energy force control method, and without this parameter value of actual measurement.The theoretical value of parameter value is determined to lack than practical measurement is consuming time, thereby shortened the time delay of energy force control method of the present invention.
Preferably utilize thermal balance to come theory of computation value, this theoretical value has characterized theoretical vapour volume flow value in the steam boiler.Can pass through thermal balance accurate Calculation theoretical value, making between the calculated value of vapour volume flow and the practical measurement value does not have significant difference.Burning capacity control method described in the present invention is quite similar with the energy force control method based on the measured value of actual steam volume flow.But compared with prior art significantly reduced the time delay of the burning capacity control method described in the present invention.
For the theoretical value of vapour volume flow in the calculation of steam boiler, calculate in one or more parameter value substitution thermal balances that the corresponding sense device is measured.These parameters are that the exhaust gas volume of the interior generation of boiler in the unit interval and/or the one-tenth in EGT and/or the waste gas grade, because these parameters and burning capacity are closely bound up.For example EGT is high more, and burning capacity is also just high more.
Preferably, the theoretical value that calculates is compared with preset value, and controls the burning capacity of combustion furnace according to difference between the two.
It should be noted that in this theoretical value of actual steam volume flow value, other theoretical parameter value also can be come out by corresponding heat Balance Calculation in representing steam boiler.Obtain corresponding conclusion based on these numerical value, thereby control about furnace combustion power.Other parameter that can calculate respectively by corresponding thermal balance is for example for the composition (being steam, carbon dioxide, oxygen or the nitrogen content in the waste gas) in the exhausted air quantity that produces in the combustion furnace, EGT, the waste gas etc.The theoretical value of these parameters is also preferably compared with preset value, and according to the difference control furnace combustion power that relatively draws.In other words, each also can go out by corresponding heat Balance Calculation for " reality " parameter of determining of control burning capacity, therefore can with " theory " parameter substitution it.If in control procedure, controlling required parameter both can be direct measured value, also can be the indirect calculation value, when the sensor of measuring " reality " parameter lost efficacy, can become and use this CALCULATION OF PARAMETERS value to fix or be replaced until sensor so.
Select to determine by thermal balance, and when realizing the theoretical value of boiler combustion ability control foundation, should consider mainly that those are used to answer that the thermal balance formula is measured and the parameter of substitution respective formula, these parameters are near boiler, preferably directly measured in boiler, so that time delay is reduced to minimum, time delay produces corresponding influence to control subsequently.
Being used for thermally equilibrated one-parameter preferably uses the corresponding sensing device to measure.According to the desired accuracy of energy force control method, one-parameter also can be substituted by corresponding selected constant at least in part.
The burning capacity of combustion furnace is preferably controlled by the rotating speed of combustible feedway.The rotating speed of combustible feedway is high more, and the comburant that imports in the combustion furnace is just many more, and the burning capacity of combustion furnace also correspondingly increases like this.
In addition, burning capacity control method of the present invention preferably includes another kind of mode, and promptly prior art is described controls the mode of burning capacity based on the actual measurement parameter, and this dual mode can arbitrarily be changed among the present invention.For example, if avoid above-mentioned time delay, then select to use burning capacity control method as described in the present invention.If but time delay can be left in the basket, then can be switched to the another kind of mode of controlling burning capacity according to tested actual parameter.
In the second way, the measured parameter that is used to control burning capacity is preferably the actual steam volume flow.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has represented a preferred embodiment of boiler combustion energy force control method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 represents the schematic diagram of combustion apparatus.
Fig. 3 represents the control chart of combustion power.
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention in detail hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 has represented a preferred embodiment of boiler combustion energy force control method of the present invention.For determining to set a corresponding thermal balance as the theoretical parameter value of burning capacity control method of the present invention institute foundation.This thermal balance is at least one mathematical formulae, institute is surveyed in this mathematical formulae of parameter value substitution can calculate at least one theoretical parameter.The theoretical parameter that uses heat Balance Calculation to go out can for example be the theoretical vapour volume flow in the steam boiler.The thermal balance of using is accurate more, and the theoretical vapour volume flow that is calculated just approaches the actual steam volume flow more, and the burning capacity control of boiler realizes that effect is just good more.Measure by suitable sensor, to be used for answering thermally equilibrated parameter value for example be composition (being steam, carbon dioxide, oxygen or the nitrogen content in the waste gas) etc. in the exhausted air quantity that produces of combustion furnace, EGT, the waste gas.
The theoretical value that calculates is compared with preset value, calculates difference.In boiler, carry the rotating speed of the combustible feedway of burning material according to this difference control.The combustible feedway can for example be worm drive (worm drive).
For example when the burning capacity in the combustion furnace keeps constant, if calculated value greater than preset value, the rotating speed of combustible feedway will slow down.On the other hand, if calculated value less than preset value, then the rotating speed of combustible feedway will speed.If the difference between preset value and the calculated value is zero, then the rotating speed of combustible feedway remains unchanged.
Be appreciated that the measuring frequency that is used for thermally equilibrated parameter with the sensor measurement can choose at random, calculate theoretical value and compare that difference is controlled the combustible feedway based on the comparison with preset value according to these parametric measurement values.Therefore, can realize being close to successive control.
Note that in addition that if controlling required accuracy allows being used to of being measured answers thermally equilibrated parameter and can be replaced by constant to small part.But these parameters are measured value preferably.
In addition, in order to prevent time delay, should answer thermally equilibrated parameter to being used to of being measured and select, if possible, selected parameter is to measure in the combustion chamber of boiler or in the boiler.The measurement point that this means relevant parameter can not separated from boiler partly, so that reflect the condition in the boiler as far as possible in real time.
Can infer at last,, a combustible feedway, several combustible feedway or other transportation means can be set, all can utilize burning capacity control method of the present invention to control except above-mentioned worm drive.
Control combustion power and just controlled the energy budget of combustion apparatus.Fig. 2 represents the schematic diagram of combustion apparatus.The fuel mass flow rates that enters the combustion chamber is independent of preset value, automatically adjusts.
Generally be meant the steam mass flow of generation.Steam mass flow is compared with the preset value of controlling according to routine, and the speed of fuel supply increases or reduces then.Be shown among Fig. 2, the situation when the hand switch of y3 is positioned at controller R1 is described.
This system comprises combustion furnace and heat exchange groove.The reaction of system postpones according to the variation of load.Reaction time is exactly the variation of fuel input in the combustion furnace and is measured to the time of the quantity of steam of subduing the control quality between changing, especially for conflagration, and the situation of fluidized bed combustion for example.
Measurement of the present invention should be swift in response, and just knows fired state at that time before the reaction of quantity of steam.Be shown among Fig. 3, the situation when the hand switch of y3 is positioned at controller R2 is described.
In order to reach purpose of the present invention, in heat exchange groove scope, obtain various measured values, thereby form thermal balance, this thermal balance is used for theory of computation quantity of steam.Quantity of steam that calculates and steam setting value compare, and their difference will cause the change of fuel mass flow rates.
Fig. 3 has described a new control circuit figure.
Control assembly arithmetic unit 1 calculates specific heat capacity by oxygen content, water content and carbon dioxide content in the waste gas according to following formula:
Arithmetic unit 1: the avergae specific heat capacity of waste gas
y1＝(XH
2O×cpH
2O+XCO
2×cpCO
2+XN
2×cpN
2+XO
2×cpO
2)/100[kJ/Nm
3]
XH
2O: the steam content in the waste gas [Vol.-%]
CpH
2O: the avergae specific heat capacity [kJ/kgK] of steam
XCO
2: the carbon dioxide content in the waste gas [Vol.-%]
CpCO
2: the avergae specific heat capacity [kJ/kgK] of carbon dioxide
XO
2: the oxygen content in the waste gas [Vol.-%]
CpO
2: the avergae specific heat capacity [kJ/Nm of oxygen
3, wet]
XN
2: nitrogen content in the waste gas [Vol.-%]
XN
2＝100％×XH
2O-XCO
2-XO
2
CpN
2: the avergae specific heat capacity [kJ/Nm of nitrogen
3, wet]
The supplying temperature of expection and discharge temperature can be well as the temperature foundations of calculating specific heat capacity.
Water content in the combustion apparatus, oxygen content and carbon dioxide content are generally by measuring.Other gaseous matters in the waste gas are because content is few and do not consider, for example sulfur dioxide or hydrogen chloride, and nitrogen content is determined according to above-mentioned formula.
In an alternate embodiment, operating personnel can preset the representative thermal capacity constant of waste gas.When measuring error, recommend to do like this.
Arithmetic unit 2: theoretical steam mass flow
Usually, the exhaust gas volume flow in the combustion apparatus is measured in flue, and ignition temperature is measured at the combustion chamber outlet, and EGT is measured at heat exchange groove outlet.If the recycle gas volume flow is arranged, also need to measure.
The summation of the exhaust gas volume flow in flue and the volume flow of EGR gas is exactly the exhaust gas volume flow of combustion chamber.For more influence factors of the quantity of steam that produces being taken into account, equation comprises the constant that is used to revise quantity of steam calculating value.
Y2=(EGR gas amount [Nm
3/ h]+exhausted air quantity [Nm of flue
3/ h]/a) * y1* (at the EGT of combustion chamber outlet [℃] EGT at heat exchange groove outlet [℃])/the EGT of combustion chamber outlet [℃] * b*c/d
A: the correction constant of the water evaporates in gas leakage, the waste gas purification, the measure error of volume flow measurement etc.
B: the correction constant of heat exchange groove heat loss.
C: the fuel ash of efflorescence is to the constant that influences of the quantity of steam that produces.
D: the constant [kJ/kg] of difference of deferring to the enthalpy of superheated steam and feedwater.
The theoretical quantity of steam [kg/h] of y2=
In preferred embodiment, operating personnel can select conventional quantity of steam control operation (controller R1) or the quantity of steam control operation based on energy balance of the present invention (controller R2) by switch.
Claims (7)
1. one kind is utilized first kind of mode to control the method for furnace combustion power, wherein measure at least one parameter value by sensor, come theory of computation value in the predefined thermal balance of parameter value substitution with this at least one mensuration, based on this theoretical value that calculates control burning capacity.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that this theoretical value that calculates represented the actual steam volume flow value in the steam boiler.
3. any described method as in the above-mentioned claim is characterized in that this theoretical value that calculates compares with predetermined reference point.
4. as any described method in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that described at least one parameter by sensor mensuration is the exhaust gas volume of boiler generation in the unit interval and/or the composition in EGT and/or the waste gas.
5. as any described method in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that controlling burning capacity by the rotating speed of at least one combustible feedway.
6. as any described method in the above-mentioned claim, it comprises the mode that the another kind of actual parameter value of measuring according to sensor is controlled burning capacity, and dual mode can arbitrarily be changed.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, the actual parameter value that it is characterized in that sensor mensuration are the actual steam volume flow in the steam boiler.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05024359A EP1785786A1 (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2005-11-09 | Furnace Power Control |
| EP05024359.1 | 2005-11-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1963307A true CN1963307A (en) | 2007-05-16 |
Family
ID=36218105
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006101436136A Pending CN1963307A (en) | 2005-11-09 | 2006-11-02 | Furnace combustion power control method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1785786A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1963307A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103576704B (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2016-02-03 | 中沙（天津）石化有限公司 | The method for supervising of fine powder elutriation in fluidized-bed reactor |
| DE102019217537A1 (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-20 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and device for regulating combustion in combustion systems |
| CN116499272B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2024-01-16 | 广东中鹏热能科技有限公司 | Intelligent kiln control method for tracking multi-energy combustion carbon emission |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3133222A1 (en) * | 1981-08-21 | 1983-03-03 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | Method for determining the instantaneous state and the future state of a technical process with the aid of nonlinear process models |
| US4622922A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-11-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Combustion control method |
| US4749122A (en) * | 1986-05-19 | 1988-06-07 | The Foxboro Company | Combustion control system |
| JP3062582B2 (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 2000-07-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Method and apparatus for predicting furnace state of pulverized coal combustion equipment |
| DE69923357T2 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2006-04-06 | Exergetic Systems, LLC, San Rafael | Feed / loss method for determining fuel flow, chemical composition, calorific value, and performance of a fossil fuel thermal system |
| WO2004084371A1 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2004-09-30 | Kaoru Fujita | Method and apparatus for optimization control of power plant |
| FI114116B (en) * | 2002-06-03 | 2004-08-13 | Metso Automation Oy | Method and apparatus in connection with a power boiler |
| DE602004001972T2 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2007-09-06 | Abb Research Ltd. | Model and regulation of a waste incineration process |
-
2005
- 2005-11-09 EP EP05024359A patent/EP1785786A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-11-02 CN CNA2006101436136A patent/CN1963307A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1785786A1 (en) | 2007-05-16 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20070727 Address after: Germany Ratingen Applicant after: Lenjes GmbH Address before: Dusseldorf Applicant before: Lurgi Lentjes AG |
|
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |