CN1944949A - Method for recovering sea bottom hydrate by single well heat injection circulation - Google Patents
Method for recovering sea bottom hydrate by single well heat injection circulation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1944949A CN1944949A CNA2006100698663A CN200610069866A CN1944949A CN 1944949 A CN1944949 A CN 1944949A CN A2006100698663 A CNA2006100698663 A CN A2006100698663A CN 200610069866 A CN200610069866 A CN 200610069866A CN 1944949 A CN1944949 A CN 1944949A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrate
- horizontal section
- sea bed
- annular space
- bed gas
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 25
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMACPFCYCYJHOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].C Chemical compound [C].C GMACPFCYCYJHOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The single well operation process for exploiting hydrate from sea bottom includes the following steps: drilling one horizontal section in the top of hydrate layer to expand the hydrate layer exposing area; connecting slotted pipe to the end of the horizontal section to increase the passage area of the recirculated medium; forming one circulation with the oil pipe and the annular space and with water as the circulating medium; injecting hot water into oil pipe from the platform and returning hot water to the vertical section to exchange energy with stratum and to decompose the hydrate; backing upwards the mixed liquid through the annular space; adopting sand preventer in the horizontal section to leave sand in the storing layer; and treating the exploited water and reinjetting to underground for reuse and separating from sea water to avoid environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas hydrate mining methods.
Background technology
Along with the huge consumption of petroleum resources, the human great crises that will face petroleum resources in later stage 21 century.Particularly China is as energy consumption big country, and year crude oil import is above 100,000,000 tons.It is stable that the output of domestic onshore oil gas field keeps reluctantly, and the expert estimates to be difficult to have in a short time important breakthrough again.And gas hydrates are favored by the scientist of countries in the world as a kind of alternative energy source.
Gas hydrates are that natural gas mainly is made up of methane, so be also referred to as methane hydrate by the solid state crystallization body of natural gas and the molecular class ice of moisture shape.Have extremely strong combustion force because of containing a large amount of methane gass, can directly burn, be " combustible ice " so be commonly called as again.The energy density of gas hydrates is very high, calculates 1m according to theory
3The saturated natural gas hydrate under standard conditions, can discharge 164m
3Methane gas, be 10 times of other non-conventional gas source rock (such as coal bed gas, black shale) energy density, be 2～5 times of the conventional gas energy density, be equivalent to the energy of 0.164 ton of oil.In addition, the gas hydrates burning only produces carbon dioxide and water, do not pollute the environment, and be a kind of rare clean energy.
The most important thing is that the reserves of gas hydrates are very abundant.According to the stable condition analysis that gas hydrates exist, the area of land 20.7% and big ocean floor 90% has the advantage that forms gas hydrates, estimates that in view of the above the methane carbon content in the global gas hydrates reaches 10
16Kg or contain 20 * 10
15m
3Methane gas, be equivalent to the twice of conventional fossil fuel total carbon reserves such as the known coal in the whole world, oil and natural gas.
The method of the exploitation of gas hydrates that comprehensive various countries scientist proposes, mainly comprise: (1) heating is that steam, hot water, hot salt brine or other hot fluid are pumped into the gas hydrates reservoir, raises by heat transmission, temperature and impels decomposition of hydrate; (2) voltage drop method is by reducing moving of phase equilibrium line that pressure causes that gas hydrates are stable, thereby reaches the purpose of impelling gas hydrates to decompose; (3) chemical agent method, chemical agents such as salt solution, methyl alcohol, ethanol are pumped into the stratum from wellhole after, can change the phase balance condition that hydrate forms, reduce the hydrate equilibrium temperature, cause the decomposition of gas hydrates.More than various production techniques itself limitation is all arranged, big as the heating heat waste, efficient is low, the voltage drop method exploitation rate is slow, chemical agent method expense costliness etc.Be used for from making of above each method, it is uneconomic only adopting a certain method to come exploitation of gas hydrate, has only advantage in conjunction with distinct methods just can reach cost-effective exploitation to gas hydrates.
At present, various countries are just under test about the research of gas hydrates, also do not reach the stage of commercial exploitation.Up to the present, also there be not a kind of the concrete of exploitation of gas hydrate and effective method of can being used for.The actual still controversial Russian Siberian Mai Suoya field of breathing out of having only of putting into production utilizes the method for step-down and injecting inhibitor to produce 20 years.
In view of above reason, the present invention is on the basis of advantage that takes into full account various gas hydrate mining methods and deficiency, a kind of economy, environmental protection, the process of large scale mining sea bed gas hydrate have efficiently been proposed, for the exploitation of hydrate opens up a new way.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of economy, environmental protection, can be used for the process of large scale mining sea bed gas hydrate efficiently.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
This method is the individual well operation.Make a call to a net horizontal section at the hydrate layer top, enlarge the bare area of hydrate layer.At the net horizontal section end, connect slotted liner, increase the area of passage of circulatory mediator.Oil pipe and annular space form a circulation, by water as circulatory mediator.
Platform hot water injects from oil pipe, returns the peupendicular hole section the annular space of hot water between net horizontal section bushing pipe and oil pipe and stratum, with the stratum positive energy exchange, causes decomposition of hydrate in this process.The output mixed liquor returns on annular space.Net horizontal section adopts sand control installation, and is trapped in reservoir producing sand.Recovered water refills underground after treatment, recycles, and with the seawater sealing, avoids contaminated environment.
Main points of the present invention be the decomposition of hydrate energy needed by ocean platform by the circulatory mediator transmission, making decomposition of hydrate is water and natural gas.
The present invention considers the problem of ocean operation cost, has adopted the individual well that is united two into one by water injection well and gas recovery well to annotate and has adopted production model.Make a call to a net horizontal section at the hydrate layer top, enlarge the bare area of hydrate layer, form a circulation by oil pipe and annular space, individual well gets final product operation.
The present invention has adopted sand control measure.Because the hydrate layer sand body is shallow, sand body itself is glued poor, after the decomposition of hydrate gluing poorer, so must adopt sand control measure in the hydrate layer gas production, as employing gravel pack, sand control screen technology.The hydrate layer net horizontal section adopts the barefoot completion mode.
The present invention injects water and recovered water is recycling, has avoided blowdown in the ocean.
Method and technology that method of the present invention adopts heating and step-down to combine have overcome the drawback of existing extracting hydrate on bottom of sea the whole bag of tricks preferably, and equipment is simple, easy to operate, the science environmental protection, can be applied to extracting hydrate on bottom of sea on a large scale.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Device of the present invention comprises with the lower part:
1, packer 2, oil pipe 3, sleeve pipe 4, suction pump 5, gas-liquid separator
6, natural gas output channel 7, sewerage treatment and heater 8, water filling force (forcing) pump
9, pack gravel 10, net horizontal section oil pipe 11, slotted liner
As shown in Figure 1, at first utilize the deepwater drilling technology that water injection well is bored the perhydrate layer after, make a call to a net horizontal section at the hydrate layer top, adopt gravel pack, sand control screen technological measure to carry out sand control.
Setting of casing 3 well cementation, the net horizontal section barefoot completion, and carry out gravel pack.After platform heats circulatory mediator, pump into oil pipe 2 by high-pressure pump 8 and enter the stratum.Enter hydrate layer at slotted liner 11 place's hot water, and return along the annular space (being filled with gravel) between slotted liner and oil pipe 10 and the stratum under pressure.In this process, hot water and stratum and hydrate carry out energy exchange.Decomposition of hydrate is natural G﹠W, and enters vertical bore under pressure.Because density variation, natural gas rises in the vertical bore annular space, in the well head collection and treatment.Suction pump 4 is extracted into the air water mixed liquor carries out gas-water separation in the moisture trap 5.To cause the pressure of net horizontal section to reduce when pump is bled water mixed liquid, and then help the quick decomposition of gas hydrates.Isolated gas enters natural gas output channel 6, and the then treated heater 7 of isolated water also is recycled into hydrate layer by carrying heat again after re-injection pump 8 pressurization, and sea bed gas hydrate is effectively exploited in heating to hydrate layer.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method of exploiting sea bed gas hydrate is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
(1) form a circulation by individual well oil pipe and annular space, as circulatory mediator, platform hot water injects from oil pipe, returns out at annular space by water;
(2) make a call to a net horizontal section at the hydrate layer top, increase the bare area of hydrate layer;
(3) net horizontal section adopts sand control installation, and is trapped in reservoir producing sand;
(4) the terminal slotted liner that connects of net horizontal section, increase the area of passage that injects hot water and with the contact area of hydrate layer;
(5) for improving near the permeability of the hydrate layer of pit shaft, gas recovery well was answered the open flow gas production before notes were adopted, and accelerated decomposition of hydrate, increased near the connectedness of the sand body of pit shaft;
(6) mixed liquor after the decomposition of hydrate returns to well head in annular space;
(7) recovered water refills undergroundly after treatment, recycles, and with the seawater sealing, avoids contaminated environment.
2, the method for exploitation sea bed gas hydrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: after platform heats circulatory mediator, heat will be delivered to hydrate layer by circulatory mediator.
3, the method for exploitation sea bed gas hydrate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: hot water injects from oil pipe, returns on annular space with the output mixed liquor through behind the hydrate layer.
4, the method for exploitation sea bed gas hydrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: at the hydrate layer top, need to make a call to a net horizontal section, to increase the bare area of hydrate layer.
5, the method for exploitation sea bed gas hydrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: at the net horizontal section end, connect slotted liner, increase the area of passage of circulatory mediator.
6, the method for exploitation sea bed gas hydrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: return the peupendicular hole section the annular space of hot water between net horizontal section bushing pipe and oil pipe and stratum, with the stratum positive energy exchange, cause decomposition of hydrate in this process.
7, the method for exploitation sea bed gas hydrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the horizontal well sand control installation completion that hydrate layer bores, and to keep off at reservoir producing sand effectively.
8, the method for exploitation sea bed gas hydrate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: recovered water refills underground after treatment, recycles, and with the seawater sealing, avoids contaminated environment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006100698663A CN1944949A (en) | 2006-08-09 | 2006-08-09 | Method for recovering sea bottom hydrate by single well heat injection circulation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006100698663A CN1944949A (en) | 2006-08-09 | 2006-08-09 | Method for recovering sea bottom hydrate by single well heat injection circulation |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1944949A true CN1944949A (en) | 2007-04-11 |
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| CNA2006100698663A Pending CN1944949A (en) | 2006-08-09 | 2006-08-09 | Method for recovering sea bottom hydrate by single well heat injection circulation |
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| CN102213090A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-10-12 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method and device for exploiting natural gas hydrate in permafrost region |
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| CN107542438A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-05 | 大庆东油睿佳石油科技有限公司 | A kind of method of parallel water horizontal well exploitation of gas hydrate |
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- 2006-08-09 CN CNA2006100698663A patent/CN1944949A/en active Pending
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| CN109539611A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-03-29 | 魏志海 | The double artificial fracturing heat-exchange systems of branch of hot dry rock (EGS) individual well |
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