CN107701150A - A kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation - Google Patents
A kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107701150A CN107701150A CN201710991661.9A CN201710991661A CN107701150A CN 107701150 A CN107701150 A CN 107701150A CN 201710991661 A CN201710991661 A CN 201710991661A CN 107701150 A CN107701150 A CN 107701150A
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
- E21B41/0099—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00 specially adapted for drilling for or production of natural hydrate or clathrate gas reservoirs; Drilling through or monitoring of formations containing gas hydrates or clathrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2405—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection in association with fracturing or crevice forming processes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation, belong to the production technique field of gas hydrates.Methods described includes：With reference to geologic information, arrangement parallel, horizontal well pattern and supporting completion practice are stored to target, decompression exploitation is implemented until without economic benefit by horizontal well after completion, fracturing work is implemented to horizontal well after decompression exploitation, then ground supply system and underground water-injection system are arranged in water injection well, injection driven water-replacing is stored to gas hydrates by water injection well, and natural gas and stratum water are collected from producing well；The storage that the present invention is applied to poor connectivity, storage is thick, gas hydrates saturation degree is low, storage is developed by injecting surface seawater and additive, surface seawater has certain temperature, gas hydrate dissociation can be promoted, to realize that gas hydrates storage optimizes exploitation, gas production efficiency is improved, and cost is relatively low, can increase economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation, belong to the production technique neck of gas hydrates
Domain, and in particular to a kind of to comprehensively utilize heating and the method for voltage drop method exploitation of gas hydrate.
Background technology
Gas hydrates (natural gas hydrate, abbreviation NGH) are natural gases under certain low temperature, high pressure
The non-stoichiometry cage compound formed with water, also referred to as " combustible ice ".1m3Gas hydrates can contain 164m3Methane gas
And 0.8m3Water." combustible ice " is the product of growing nonparasitically upon another plant of natural gas, and application is roughly the same with natural gas, is a kind of typical
Oil substitutes." combustible ice " easily burns, under equal conditions, energy ratio coal caused by " combustible ice " burning, oil, natural
Gas will be higher by decades of times, be described as " belonging to the super energy that end is come ".
The flammable ice reserves very abundant in China, according to investigation, the gas hydrates in China are mainly distributed on south
Marine site, Area of The East China Sea, Qinghai-Tibet tundra and northeast tundra.
Artificially break the phase balance condition that gas hydrates are stabilized, promote its decomposition, be that current exploitation is natural
The main method of gas hydrate.According to the equilbrium phase diagram of gas hydrates, heating, chemical method, decompression can be generally divided into
The class of method three.
Heating：Steam, hot water, hot salt brine or other hot fluid mediums are mainly pumped into natural gas by the method from ground
Hydrate reservoir, also using the fire flooding used when exploiting heavy oil or drill string heater can be utilized.Hot production technique it is main not
Foot is to cause substantial amounts of heat loss, and efficiency is very low.
Add chemical agent：The chemical agent such as some chemical agents, salt solution, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerine can change
Become the phase balance condition of gas hydrate synthesis, reduce hydrate equilibrium temperature.The shortcomings that adding chemical agent maximum is that expense is too expensive.
Because the pressure of big midocean gas hydrates is higher, thus the method should not be used.
Voltage drop method：Cause the movement of the stable phase equilibrium line of gas hydrates by reducing pressure, so as to reach
Promote the purpose of gas hydrate dissociation.Free gas under exploitation hydrate layer is that the one kind for reducing reservoir pressure has efficacious prescriptions
Method, the purpose of control reservoir pressure can be reached additionally by the extraction rate of regulation natural gas, and then controls hydrate
The effect of decomposition.The characteristics of voltage drop method maximum is continuous agitation that need not be expensive, thus it is likely to become and opened on a large scale from now on
Adopt one of effective ways of gas hydrates.
CN 200910059321.8 disclose it is a kind of by water pump to outside exploitation of gas hydrates well the device of draining and
Method, the pressure of gas hydrates layer is reduced by draining, promote the decomposition of gas hydrates layer.It is but simple using drop
The decomposition motive force that platen press provides is small, and gas hydrate dissociation causes temperature to reduce, when temperature is reduced to less than 0 DEG C, and also
Ice can be caused to block the stagnation with gas hydrate dissociation, while CN 20111048906.4 discloses a kind of drainage and step-down
The method exploitation of gas hydrate of heating, the continuous decomposition for promoting hydrate, above two method are all to utilize hydrate point
Escaped after solution on gas, water is because deadweight is fallen, and water pump discharges water outside exploitation of gas hydrates well, but actually decomposition gas
Substantial amounts of steam is carried during upper ease, upward velocity is very slow, and production efficiency is very low.And level is utilized in CN 20111048906.4
Well combustion heating, combustion heating is dangerous in exploitation of gas hydrates well, has inside and outside exploitation of gas hydrates well flammable
Gas, directly heated using naked light abnormally dangerous.
The content of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation, methods described includes：With reference to
Geologic information, arrangement parallel, horizontal well pattern and supporting completion practice are stored to target, are implemented decompression by horizontal well after completion and are opened
Adopt until without economic benefit, fracturing work is implemented to horizontal well after decompression exploitation, then arranges ground supply system in water injection well
And underground water-injection system, injection driven water-replacing is stored to gas hydrates by water injection well, and from producing well to natural gas and ground
Layer water is collected；The storage that the present invention is applied to poor connectivity, storage is thick, gas hydrates saturation degree is low, by mesh
Mark storage, which arranges that the horizontal well of parallel distribution improves, can employ gas hydrates reserves, by injecting surface seawater and additive
Storage is developed, surface seawater has certain temperature, can promote gas hydrate dissociation, to realize gas hydrates
Storage optimizes exploitation, improves gas production efficiency, and cost is relatively low, can increase economic benefit.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of side of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation
Method, methods described comprise the steps：
Step 1, arrangement horizontal-well network, with reference to geologic information, target is stored and arranges parallel, horizontal well pattern, two mouthfuls in well pattern
Horizontal well is one group, passes through parallel level distribution well as producing well as water injection well, lower curtate position well positioned at storage high-order bit well
Gas hydrates reserves can be employed to improve；
Step 2, completion practice, parallel, horizontal well pattern arrangement carry out supporting completion practice after completing；
Step 3, decompression exploitation, after supporting completion practice, the supporting ground system of located production wells, to water injection well and producing well
Implement decompression exploitation, until without economic benefit；
Step 4, fracturing work, in well layout frac system after decompression exploitation, fracturing work is implemented to net horizontal section；
Step 5, arrangement flood pattern, flood pattern include ground supply system and underground water-injection system；
Step 6, water flooding recovery, injection driven water-replacing is stored to gas hydrates by water injection well, and collected from producing well
Natural gas and stratum water.
Parallel, horizontal well pattern includes in the step 1：The water injection well horizontal segment bearing of trend is horizontal with the producing well
Section bearing of trend can be in the same direction or reverse.
The parallel, horizontal well pattern arranges that scope is：The difference scope 5-50 of water injection well horizontal segment and producing well horizontal segment depth
Rice, horizontal section length scope 500-2000 rice, corresponding well spacing parameter is selected according to formation condition in actual production.
Supporting completion practice is divided into straight well section completion and horizontal segment completion in the step 2, straight in the straight well section completion
Well section depth is more than horizontal segment depth 5-30 rice, forms liquid storage chamber, to realize that air water point is adopted, reduces produced gas water content, and press down
Gas hydrates are formed in sleeve pipe processed；The horizontal segment completion can include perforation completion, barefoot completion, liner-type well completion；Make
During industry in the water injection well and producing well straight well section tripping in electric submersible pump, tripping in straight well section bottom liquid storage chamber, and tripping in sand control
Device, sand control installation can prevent sandstone caused by gas hydrate dissociation from entering in straight well section, prevent sandstone from damaging underground
Equipment；Specific implementation process is tripping in sand control installation, centralizer, electric submersible pump and power cable into horizontal well successively, described
Sand control installation, centralizer, electric submersible pump and power cable are conventional downhole tool, can be adapted to according to actual storage situation selection
Model.
The supporting ground system of producing well includes electric power system, stratum water treatment system, produced gas processing system in the step 3
System and control system.
The electric power system includes power supply, frequency converter, is sequentially connected, passed through by power cable and production wellhead oil pipe entrance
Power converter output is adjusted, and then adjusts electric submersible pump in shaft bottom drain age velocity；The power supply include generator, commercial power and
Various normal power supplies.
The stratum water treatment system includes water storage device, water treatment facilities, control valve, temperature sensor, pressure and passed
Sensor, fluid flowmeter, it is sequentially connected via liquid line and the outlet of production wellhead oil pipe, is passed by fluid flowmeter, pressure
Sensor and temperature sensor real-time collecting electric submersible pump discharge opeing data, displacement is implemented to control by control valve, at water
Reason device is filtered to stratum water, degassing process, the water after filtering is fed into water storage device to treat to handle in next step, the storage
Metering device is provided with inside water installations, to monitor water-holding quantity inside water storage device；The water storage device include water pot and its
He has the container for depositing water storage function, and the metering device, which includes tank gage and other, has the device for measuring water level function,
The water treatment facilities is included with the conventional water treatment equipment that airway dysfunction is dissolved in filtering, decomposition water, the control valve, temperature
It is conventional equipment to spend sensor, pressure sensor, fluid flowmeter, liquid line.
The extraction gas processing system includes warehousing and transportation facilities, gas treatment equipment, gas-liquid separator, control valve, temperature
Sensor, pressure sensor, gas flowmeter are spent, production wellhead cannula exit is connected to via gas transmission line successively, passes through gas
Flowmeter body, pressure sensor and temperature sensor real-time collecting sleeve pipe gas production data, gas production is implemented by control valve
Control, gas-liquid separation processing is carried out to produced gas by gas-liquid separator, the natural gas after separation feeds natural gas treatment plant
Next step processing, including filtration treatment, desulfurization process, dewater treatment are carried out, the natural gas after processing feeds warehousing and transportation facilities and carried out
Transport；The warehousing and transportation facilities include gas transmission line, pressure vessel and other there is the conventional equipment of natural gas accumulating function, it is described
Gas treatment equipment includes
The conventional equipment with gas-liquid separating function, the control valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, gas flowmeter, gas transmission
Pipeline is conventional equipment.
It is connected between the water treatment facilities and gas-liquid separator by gas transmission line with liquid line, the appendix
Line is provided with gas flowmeter, and the liquid line is provided with fluid flowmeter, caused natural after being deaerated in water treatment facilities
Gas feeds gas-liquid separator, and the water that gas-liquid separator separates go out feeds water treatment facilities and is further processed.
The control system includes controller and signal receiver, passes through frequency converter in signal-transmitting cable and electric power system
It is connected, to monitoring frequency converter working condition in real time, and remote control is implemented to frequency converter by controller, passed by signal
Transmission cable connects with control valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, fluid flowmeter, metering device in the water treatment system of stratum
Connect, monitoring stratum water treatment system working condition is implemented by controller, and realize to stratum water treatment system remote control, lead to
Signal-transmitting cable is crossed with control valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, gas flowmeter in extraction gas processing system to connect
Connect, monitoring extraction gas processing system working condition is implemented by controller, and realize to producing gas processing system remote control；Institute
State controller include computer, tablet personal computer and other there is the conventional equipment of control function, the signal receiver is tool
There is signal to receive, the conventional equipment of transformation function.
The decompression exploitation is embodied as, and shaft bottom is drawn water by electric submersible pump in water injection well and producing well, passes through oil pipe
With the gas production of casing annulus part, underground electric submersible pump discharge capacity is implemented to adjust by frequency converter, when gas production is too low or other
After reason causes no economic benefit, implementation steps 4.
Frac system in the step 4, including agitating device, pressure break liquid container, supercharging device, pressure sensor, temperature
Sensor, fluid flowmeter, applications of coiled tubing unit, controller and signal receiver, wherein agitating device, pressure break liquid container, increase
Pressure device, pressure sensor, temperature sensor and fluid flowmeter are connected to applications of coiled tubing unit one by one by liquid line, even
Continuous oil pipe device connection fracture well head, controller and signal receiver are filled by signal-transmitting cable and pressure break liquid container, supercharging
Put, the connection of pressure sensor, temperature sensor, fluid flowmeter, monitoring frac system working condition is implemented by controller, and
Realize to the accurate control of fracturing work；The agitating device includes agitator tank or other, and there is the conventional sea of agitating function to set
Standby, the pressure break liquid container, which includes wet tank or other, has the conventional offshore set-up for storing fracturing fluid function, the supercharging
Device, which includes compression pump or other, has the conventional offshore set-up of function of increasing pressure, and the applications of coiled tubing unit includes conventional control company
The offshore set-up of continuous oil pipe, the controller include computer, tablet personal computer and other there is the conventional equipment of control function,
The signal receiver is the conventional equipment with signal reception, transformation function.
The storage that fracturing work is applied to poor connectivity in the step 4, storage is thick, gas hydrates saturation degree is low,
Increase storage connectedness by way of pressure break, to reach the purpose for improving gas recovery factor；The pressure break embodiment bag
Include water injection well horizontal segment pressure break, producing well horizontal segment pressure break, water injection well horizontal segment and producing well horizontal segment concurrent fracturing；The pressure
Splitting can be adjusted for conventional fracturing process, fracture length according to actual storage situation.
Ground supply system described in the step 5 includes water system and control system.
The water system includes water treatment facilities, agitating device, additive fluid reservoir, water storage device, metering device, increasing
Pressure device, fluid flowmeter, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, the water treatment facilities entrance are connected to sea, outlet connection
In agitating device, the additive fluid reservoir is connected by liquid line with agitating device, and the liquid line is provided with liquid
Flowmeter body and control valve, the agitating device, water storage device, supercharging device, fluid flowmeter, temperature sensor, pressure
Sensor is sequentially connected via liquid line and water injection well；The water treatment facilities connects sea, and seawater is carried out at filtering
Reason, the seawater after filtering is fed into agitating device, additive is fed stirring dress by the additive fluid reservoir by liquid line
Put, the seawater fed inside it and additive are stirred and feed the water storage device, the water storage by the agitating device
Metering device is provided with inside device, to monitor water-holding quantity inside water storage device, the supercharging device provides work for driven water-replacing
Pressure, the fluid flowmeter, pressure sensor and temperature sensor record water system operational data in real time；The water process
Device includes the conventional water treatment equipment with filtering function, and the agitating device includes agitator tank or other can be applied to sea
Platform and with agitating function common equipment, the additive fluid reservoir include water pot and other have deposit water storage function
Container, the water storage device, which includes water pot and other, has the container for depositing water storage function, and the metering device includes tank gage
And other have the device of measurement water level function, the supercharging device includes water pump or other can be applied to offshore platform and have
There is the conventional supercharging device of function of increasing pressure, the temperature sensor, pressure sensor, fluid flowmeter, liquid line are normal
Advise equipment.
The control system includes controller and signal receiver, is passed by temperature in signal-transmitting cable and water system
Sensor, pressure sensor, fluid flowmeter, supercharging device, metering device, control valve connection, implement to monitor by controller
Water system working condition, and realize to water system remote control；The controller include computer, tablet personal computer and its
He has the conventional equipment of control function, and the signal receiver is the conventional equipment with signal reception, transformation function.
Underground water-injection system in the step 5, including insulated tubing, centralizer, packer and horn mouth, in water injection well
Bottom, successively by horn mouth, insulated tubing, packer, centralizer tripping in water injection well, after horn mouth reaches straight well section predeterminated position
Packer is sealed, to form closed water filling space, the packer, centralizer can be one or multiple；It is described
Insulated tubing, centralizer, packer and horn mouth are conventional equipment.
Water flooding recovery specific implementation process is in the step 6, stores injection to gas hydrates by water injection well and drives
For water, and natural gas and stratum water are collected from producing well；The driven water-replacing includes ethanol and surface seawater, wherein ethanol mass ratio
For 3%, remaining component is surface seawater；At sea in gas hydrates development process, surface seawater is due to for a long time by daylight
Irradiation, its temperature is higher than sea bed gas hydrate storage temperature, and is higher than gas hydrate dissociation temperature, especially tropical
Marine site, in summer, the heat entrained by surface seawater is injected natural gas by surface seawater temperature up to more than 30 degrees Celsius
Exploitation of gas hydrates cost can be largely reduced in hydrate storage；3% mass is added in the surface seawater
Compare ethanol, thus it is possible to vary the phase balance condition that gas hydrates are formed, reduce hydrate equilibrium temperature, gas water can be accelerated
The decomposition rate of compound.
In horizontal production well gas production process, by controlling water injection well injection rate and producing well to produce gas and water discharge capacity, and then adjust
Whole producing well hydrodynamic face and flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP), between making producing well flowing bottomhole pressure (FBHP) holding 1.5-4Mpa, pass through and adjust rational row
Speed is adopted, control produced gas water content, temperature, to suppress to be formed gas hydrates in pit shaft, and keeps higher gas production speed
Degree.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is：
1) present invention is exploited by voltage drop method to water injection well and producing well first, to ensure when following injected water is exploited
Will not, natural gas flow velocity too fast to underground equipment caused by danger too high because the bottom pressure that hydrate largely decomposes and occurs
Evil, improve the security of exploitation of gas hydrates.
2) present invention production bottom is provided with liquid storage chamber, and the water that storage center generates during water flooding recovery can enter production
Well liquid storage chamber is simultaneously discharged via electric submersible pump, makes output gas avoid mixing with water in underground, can effectively be reduced natural in oil jacket annular space
The water content of gas, increase gas upward velocity, and then improve production efficiency.
3) the inventive method injects driven water-replacing in gas hydrates layer, has been filled up by driven water-replacing because natural gas is hydrated
Thing decomposes and caused pressure drop, strata pressure is able to maintain that, so as to ensure the safety of production equipment.
4) the inventive method can be increased natural using the decomposition of the heat energy entrained by surface seawater, salt and ethanol
Gas hydrate decomposition efficiency, cost of winning is reduced, and it is safe and reliable.
5) present invention greatly limit increase can employ gas hydrates reserves by parallel water horizontal well mode well spacing,
By high-order bit water filling, and packer is provided with water injection well, forces the natural gas being decomposed out and water to enter lower curtate position producing well,
The natural gas and water for carrying heat persistently keep heat transfer in downflow processes, can increase heat utilization ratio, further improve
Economic benefit.
6) present invention increases storage connectedness by way of pressure break, can increase poor connectivity, storage thickness, natural gas hydration
The low storage of thing saturation degree is connective, to reach the purpose for improving gas recovery factor.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of technical scheme, the required accompanying drawing used in description will be made below simple
Ground introduction, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for those skilled in the art
For, it can also obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.
Fig. 1 is parallel, horizontal well pattern distribution schematic diagram in the same direction.
Fig. 2 is the reverse distribution schematic diagram of parallel, horizontal well pattern.
Fig. 3 is decompression exploitation completion schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is producing well ground configuration schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is frac system ground schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is water injection well pressure break schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is producing well pressure break schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is water injection well and producing well concurrent fracturing schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is water injection well ground feed system schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is underground water-injection system schematic.
Drawing reference numeral：1st, water injection well 2, producing well 3, gas hydrates reservoir 4, overlying rock 5, lower rock stratum
6th, seawater 7, offshore platform 8, straight well section 9, horizontal segment 10, sleeve pipe 11, oil pipe 12, sand control installation 13, liquid storage chamber 14,
Centralizer 15, electric submersible pump 16, power supply 17, frequency converter 18, power cable 19, production wellhead 20, fluid flowmeter 21,
Pressure sensor 22, temperature sensor 23, liquid line 24, control valve 25, water treatment facilities 26, water storage device
27th, metering device 28, gas transmission line 29, gas flowmeter 30, gas-liquid separator 31, gas treatment equipment 32, accumulating
Equipment 33, controller 34, signal receiving device 35, signal-transmitting cable 36, agitating device 37, pressure break liquid container 38,
Supercharging device 39, applications of coiled tubing unit 40, fracture well head 41, fracturing fracture 42, additive fluid reservoir 43, water injection well
44th, insulated tubing 45, packer 46, horn mouth.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation, methods described bag
Include：With reference to geologic information, arrangement parallel, horizontal well pattern and supporting completion practice are stored to target, is implemented after completion by horizontal well
Decompression exploitation implements fracturing work after decompression exploitation until without economic benefit to horizontal well, is then supplied on water injection well arrangement ground
To system and underground water-injection system, injection driven water-replacing is stored to gas hydrates by water injection well, and from producing well to natural
Gas and stratum water are collected.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, the every other reality that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example is applied, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation, methods described bag
Include following steps：
Step 1, arrangement horizontal-well network, with reference to geologic information, target is stored and arranges parallel, horizontal well pattern, two mouthfuls in well pattern
Horizontal well is one group, passes through parallel level distribution well as producing well as water injection well, lower curtate position well positioned at storage high-order bit well
Gas hydrates reserves can be employed to improve, parallel, horizontal well pattern there are following two arrangement modes：
Parallel, horizontal well pattern as shown in Figure 1 distribution schematic diagram in the same direction, water injection well 1 are distributed in the same direction with producing well 2, water injection well 1
Horizontal segment depth of setting is less than the horizontal segment depth of setting of producing well 2, and water injection well 1 and the horizontal segment of producing well 2 are hydrated in natural gas
In thing reservoir 3, under overlying rock 4, on lower rock stratum 5, offshore platform 7 is located on seawater 6, with water injection well 1 and production
Well 2 is connected.
The reverse distribution schematic diagram of parallel, horizontal well pattern as shown in Figure 2, water injection well 1 are reversely distributed with producing well 2, water injection well 1
Horizontal segment depth of setting is less than the horizontal segment depth of setting of producing well 2, and water injection well 1 and the horizontal segment of producing well 2 are hydrated in natural gas
In thing reservoir 3, under overlying rock 4, on lower rock stratum 5, offshore platform 7 is located on seawater 6, with water injection well 1 and production
Well 2 is connected.
Step 2, completion practice, parallel, horizontal well pattern arrangement carry out supporting completion practice after completing, and decompression as shown in Figure 3 is opened
Completion schematic diagram is adopted, the straight well section 8 pierces depth and pierces depth more than horizontal segment 9, forms liquid storage chamber 13；In water injection well 1 and
Tripping in electric submersible pump 15 in the straight well section 8 of producing well 2, tripping in the bottom liquid storage chamber 13 of straight well section 8, and tripping in sand control installation 12, pass through
Oil pipe 11 draws water to shaft bottom, passes through oil pipe 11 and the annular section gas production of sleeve pipe 10；Specific implementation process is successively into horizontal well
Tripping in sand control installation 12, centralizer 14, electric submersible pump 15 and power cable, do not regard in power cable figure.
Step 3, decompression exploitation, after supporting completion practice, the supporting ground system of located production wells, to water injection well and producing well
Implement decompression exploitation, until without economic benefit, producing well ground configuration schematic diagram as shown in Figure 4, the supporting ground of producing well
System includes electric power system, stratum water treatment system, extraction gas processing system and control system.
The electric power system includes power supply 16, frequency converter 17, by power cable 18 and the entrance of 19 oil pipe of production wellhead 11 according to
Secondary connection, by adjusting the power output of frequency converter 17, and then electric submersible pump 15 is adjusted in shaft bottom drain age velocity.
The stratum water treatment system includes water storage device 26, water treatment facilities 25, control valve 24, temperature sensor
22nd, pressure sensor 21, fluid flowmeter 20, it is connected by liquid line 23 with the outlet of the oil pipe 11 of production wellhead 19, is passed through
Fluid flowmeter 20, pressure sensor 21 and the discharge opeing data of 22 real-time collecting electric submersible pump of temperature sensor 15, pass through control valve
24 pairs of displacement implement control, stratum water are filtered by water treatment facilities 25, degassing process, and the water after filtering is fed
Water storage device 26 is to treat to handle in next step, and the inside of water storage device 26 is provided with metering device 27, to monitor water storage device 26
Internal water-holding quantity.
The extraction gas processing system includes warehousing and transportation facilities 32, gas treatment equipment 31, gas-liquid separator 30, regulating valve
Door 24, temperature sensor 22, pressure sensor 21, gas flowmeter 29, are connected to production wellhead via gas transmission line 28 successively
19 sleeve pipes 10 export, and pass through gas flowmeter 29, pressure sensor 21 and the gas production number of 22 real-time collecting sleeve pipe of temperature sensor 10
According to, gas production is implemented to control by control valve 24, gas-liquid separation processing is carried out to produced gas by gas-liquid separator 30, point
Natural gas from after feeds natural gas treatment plant 31 and carries out next step processing, including filtration treatment, desulfurization process, at dehydration
Reason, the natural gas after processing feed warehousing and transportation facilities 32 and transported, the gas-liquid separator 30, gas treatment equipment 31 and storage
Fortune equipment 32 is connected by gas transmission line 28, and gas flowmeter 29 is provided with pipeline.
It is connected between the water treatment facilities 25 and gas-liquid separator 30 by gas transmission line 28 with liquid line 23, institute
State gas transmission line 28 and be provided with gas flowmeter 29, the liquid line 23 is provided with fluid flowmeter 20, water treatment facilities 25
Caused natural gas feeds gas-liquid separator 30 after middle degassing, and the water that gas-liquid separator 30 is isolated feeds water treatment facilities 25 and entered
Row is handled in next step.
The control system includes controller 33 and signal receiver 34, by signal-transmitting cable 35 and electric power system
Frequency converter 17 is connected, to the monitoring working condition of frequency converter 17, and being implemented remotely to frequency converter 17 by controller 33 in real time
Control, pass through control valve 24, temperature sensor 22, pressure sensor in signal-transmitting cable 35 and stratum water treatment system
21st, fluid flowmeter 20, metering device 27 connect, and implement monitoring stratum water treatment system working condition by controller 33, and
Realize to stratum water treatment system remote control, by signal-transmitting cable 35 and control valve 24 in extraction gas processing system,
Temperature sensor 22, pressure sensor 21, gas flowmeter 29 connect, and implement monitoring extraction gas processing system by controller 33
Working condition, and realize to producing gas processing system remote control.
Step 4, fracturing work, in well layout frac system after decompression exploitation, fracturing work is implemented to net horizontal section, such as
The schematic diagram of frac system ground shown in Fig. 5, the frac system, including agitating device 36, pressure break liquid container 37, supercharging device
38th, pressure sensor 21, temperature sensor 22, fluid flowmeter 20, applications of coiled tubing unit 39, controller 33 and signal receiver
34, wherein agitating device 36, pressure break liquid container 37, supercharging device 38, pressure sensor 21, temperature sensor 22 and fluid flow
Meter 20 is connected to applications of coiled tubing unit 39 one by one by liquid line 23, and applications of coiled tubing unit 39 connects fracture well head 40, control
Device 33 and signal receiver 34 by signal-transmitting cable 35 and the internal metering devices 27 of pressure break liquid container 37, supercharging device 38,
Pressure sensor 21, temperature sensor 22, fluid flowmeter 20 connect, and implement monitoring frac system work shape by controller 33
State, and realize to the accurate control of fracturing work.
The storage that fracturing work is applied to poor connectivity in step 4, storage is thick, gas hydrates saturation degree is low, passes through
The mode of pressure break increases storage connectedness, to reach the purpose for improving gas recovery factor；The pressure break embodiment includes note
Well horizontal segment pressure break, producing well horizontal segment pressure break, water injection well horizontal segment and producing well horizontal segment concurrent fracturing；As shown in Figure 6
Water injection well pressure break schematic diagram, fracturing fracture 41 are located at the horizontal segment of water injection well 1；The schematic diagram of producing well pressure break shown in Fig. 7, fracturing fracture
41 are located at the horizontal segment of producing well 2；Water injection well shown in Fig. 8 and producing well concurrent fracturing schematic diagram, fracturing fracture 41 are located at water injection well 1
Horizontal segment and the horizontal segment of producing well 2；The pressure break is conventional fracturing process, and fracture length can be carried out according to actual storage situation
Adjustment.
Step 5, arrangement flood pattern, flood pattern include ground supply system and underground water-injection system；Note as shown in Figure 9
Well ground supply system schematic, the ground supply system include water system and control system.
The water system includes water treatment facilities 25, agitating device 36, additive fluid reservoir 42, water storage device 26, meter
Device 27, supercharging device 38, fluid flowmeter 20, temperature sensor 22, pressure sensor 21 are measured, the water treatment facilities 25 enters
Mouth is connected to sea, and outlet is connected to agitating device 36, and the additive fluid reservoir 42 passes through liquid line 23 and agitating device
36 are connected, and the liquid line 23 is provided with fluid flowmeter 20 and control valve 24, the agitating device 36, water storage device
26th, supercharging device 38, fluid flowmeter 20, temperature sensor 22, pressure sensor 21 are via liquid line 23 and water injection well
43 are sequentially connected；The water treatment facilities 25 connects sea, and filtration treatment is carried out to seawater, and the seawater after filtering is fed into stirring
Additive is fed agitating device 36, the agitating device 36 by device 36, the additive fluid reservoir 42 by liquid line 23
The seawater fed inside it and additive are stirred and feed the water storage device 26, the inside of water storage device 26 is provided with
Metering device 27, to monitor the inside water-holding quantity of water storage device 26, the supercharging device 38 provides operating pressure for driven water-replacing, institute
State fluid flowmeter 20, pressure sensor 21 and temperature sensor 22 and record water system operational data in real time.
Underground water-injection system in the step 5, as shown in Figure 10, including insulated tubing 44, centralizer 14, packer 45 and
Horn mouth 46, at water injection well bottom, successively by horn mouth 46, insulated tubing 44, packer 45, the tripping in water injection well of centralizer 14,
Horn mouth 46 seals packer 45 after reaching the predeterminated position of straight well section 8, to form closed water filling space.
Step 6, water flooding recovery, driven water-replacing is injected to gas hydrates reservoir 3 by water injection well 1, and received from producing well 2
Collect natural gas and stratum water；The driven water-replacing includes ethanol and surface seawater, and wherein ethanol mass ratio is 3%, and remaining component is
Surface seawater.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation, it is characterised in that methods described includes following steps Suddenly：Step 1, arrangement horizontal-well network, with reference to geologic information, arrangement parallel, horizontal well pattern is stored to target, two mouthfuls of horizontal saliva are put down in well pattern Well is one group, is carried positioned at storage high-order bit well as water injection well, lower curtate position well as producing well by parallel level distribution well Height can employ gas hydrates reserves；Step 2, completion practice, parallel, horizontal well pattern arrangement carry out supporting completion practice after completing；Step 3, decompression exploitation, after supporting completion practice, the supporting ground system of located production wells, implement to water injection well and producing well Decompression exploitation, until without economic benefit；Step 4, fracturing work, in well layout frac system after decompression exploitation, fracturing work is implemented to net horizontal section；Step 5, arrangement flood pattern, flood pattern include ground supply system and underground water-injection system；Step 6, water flooding recovery, injection driven water-replacing is stored to gas hydrates by water injection well, and collected naturally from producing well Gas and stratum water.
- 2. a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Water injection well horizontal segment bearing of trend and the producing well horizontal segment bearing of trend can be in the same direction or reverse.
- 3. a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Supporting completion practice is divided into straight well section completion and horizontal segment completion, and straight well section depth is more than horizontal segment in the straight well section completion, Form liquid storage chamber；The horizontal segment completion can include perforation completion, barefoot completion, liner-type well completion.
- 4. a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Decompression exploitation is the tripping in electric submersible pump in water injection well and producing well, and shaft bottom is drawn water by oil pipe, passes through oil pipe and casing annulus Part gas production.
- 5. a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described The supporting ground system of producing well includes electric power system, stratum water treatment system, extraction gas processing system and control in decompression exploitation System, the electric power system include power supply, frequency converter；The stratum water treatment system includes water storage device, water treatment facilities, tune Save valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, fluid flowmeter；The extraction gas processing system includes warehousing and transportation facilities, natural gas Processing equipment, gas-liquid separator, control valve, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, gas flowmeter；The control system bag Include controller and signal receiver.
- 6. a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Frac system includes agitating device, pressure break liquid container, supercharging device, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, fluid flowmeter, company Continuous oil pipe device, controller and signal receiver.
- 7. a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Fracturing work includes water injection well horizontal segment pressure break, producing well horizontal segment pressure break, water injection well horizontal segment and producing well horizontal segment simultaneously Pressure break, the pressure break are conventional fracturing process.
- 8. a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Ground supply system includes water system and control system, and the water system includes water treatment facilities, agitating device, additive Fluid reservoir, water storage device, metering device, supercharging device, fluid flowmeter, temperature sensor, pressure sensor；The control system System includes controller and signal receiver.
- 9. a kind of method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Underground water-injection system includes insulated tubing, centralizer, packer and horn mouth.
- A kind of 10. method of offshore natural gas hydrate parallel water horizontal well exploitation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Stating driven water-replacing includes ethanol and surface seawater, and wherein ethanol mass ratio is 3%, and remaining component is surface seawater.
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