CN109915083B - Deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system and deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production method - Google Patents
Deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system and deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system and a deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production method. The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system comprises: drilling and production platform; the second end of the first large displacement well can extend into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir, and the first large displacement well is used for injecting at least one of a chemical reagent, carbon dioxide and a fluid for heating into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir; and a second extended reach well, a second end of the second extended reach well extending into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir for producing natural gas hydrates in the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir. The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high yield, low construction cost, small risk, capability of continuous operation, high production quantity, convenience in production operation and maintenance and the like, and is expected to realize large-scale commercial exploitation of deepwater natural gas hydrate resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy, in particular to a deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system and a deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production method.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is a cage-shaped compound formed by hydrocarbon gas such as methane and the like and water under the conditions of high pressure and low temperature, and is commonly called as combustible ice. The natural gas hydrate is mainly distributed in the permafrost zone and the deep water area with the depth of 500-3000 m on the sea continental slope, wherein about 95% of the natural gas hydrate is stored in the sea deep water area. At present, the exploitation methods of natural gas hydrate mainly include a heat injection exploitation method, a depressurization exploitation method, a chemical reagent injection exploitation method, a carbon dioxide replacement method and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system and a deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production method.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system, including: the drilling and production platform can be arranged in shallow water; a first extended reach well, a first end of the first extended reach well being disposed on the drilling and production platform, a second end of the first extended reach well being extendable into a deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir, wherein the first extended reach well is used for injecting at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide, and a fluid for heating into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir; and a second extended reach well, wherein a first end of the second extended reach well is arranged on the drilling and production platform, and a second end of the second extended reach well can extend into the deep water natural gas hydrate storage layer so as to produce natural gas hydrates in the deep water natural gas hydrate storage layer.
The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection-production system has the advantages of high yield, low construction cost, small risk and continuous operation.
Preferably, each of the first extended reach well and the second extended reach well comprises: the upper end part of the vertical section is arranged on the drilling and production platform; and the first end part of the mining section is connected with the lower end part of the vertical section, and the second end part of the mining section can extend into the deepwater natural gas hydrate storage layer.
Preferably, each of the first and second extended reach wells further comprises a transition section, a first end of the transition section being connected to a lower end of the vertical section and a second end of the transition section being connected to a first end of the production section.
Preferably, at least a portion of the production section of the second extended reach well is located within the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Preferably, the production section of the second extended reach well comprises a first production portion extendable into a free natural gas reservoir and a second production portion extendable into the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Preferably, the first extended reach well is a plurality of first extended reach wells, each of the first extended reach wells being used for injecting at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide and a fluid for heating into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Preferably, a first part of each first extended reach well is located in the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir, a second part of each second extended reach well is located in the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir, wherein a plurality of the first parts and a plurality of the second parts are parallel to each other, and preferably, the plurality of the first parts and the plurality of the second parts are opposite to each other in the up-down direction.
Preferably, the first large-displacement well is a plurality of, the second large-displacement well is a plurality of, wherein every the first end of first large-displacement well is established on the drilling and production platform, and is a plurality of the second end of first large-displacement well can stretch into in a plurality of deep water natural gas hydrate storage layers one-to-one, every the first end of second large-displacement well is established on the drilling and production platform, and is a plurality of the second end of second large-displacement well can stretch into in a plurality of deep water natural gas hydrate storage layers one-to-one.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a deepwater natural gas hydrate injection-production method, which includes the steps of: arranging a drilling and production platform in shallow water; and drilling a deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir based on the drilling and production platform so as to form a first extended reach well and a second extended reach well, wherein at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide, and a fluid for heating is injected into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir using the first extended reach well, and natural gas hydrate in the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir is produced using the second extended reach well.
The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection-production method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high yield, low construction cost, small risk and capability of continuous operation.
Preferably, a plurality of deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoirs are drilled on the same drilling and production platform so as to form a plurality of the first extended reach wells and a plurality of the second extended reach wells, and natural gas hydrates in the plurality of deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoirs are produced through the plurality of the first extended reach wells and the plurality of the second extended reach wells.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in fig. 1, a deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first extended reach well 30, a second extended reach well 20, and a drilling and production platform 10 that can be installed at shallow water.
A first end of first extended reach well 30 is positioned on drilling and production platform 10 and a second end 310 of first extended reach well 30 is capable of extending into deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. Wherein the first extended reach well 30 is used for injecting at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide and a fluid for heating into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. A first end of second extended reach well 20 is positioned on drilling and production platform 10 and a second end 210 of second extended reach well 20 is capable of extending into deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 for production of natural gas hydrates in deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. Wherein shallow water refers to an area with a depth of less than 500 meters.
Since the second extended reach well 20 has a very large horizontal displacement, the second extended reach well 20 has a very large gas production area, so that the single well production of natural gas can be significantly improved.
According to the deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the second extended reach well 20 is arranged, so that the drilling and production platform 10 can be built in a shallow water area of the sea. Therefore, an expensive floating operation platform is not needed, the deepwater underwater wellhead can be moved to the drilling and production platform 10 positioned in the shallow water area, and the underwater wellhead and a corresponding floating drilling and production system are not needed to be established, so that the well construction cost can be greatly reduced, a plurality of engineering, geology and well control risks can be avoided, and the method is particularly beneficial to safety, environmental protection and subsequent production operation and maintenance.
The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system 1 according to the embodiment of the invention can independently produce gas and release natural gas from natural gas hydrates (by injecting at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide and a fluid for heating) without interfering with each other by arranging the first extended reach well 30 and the second extended reach well 20. In other words, the released natural gas may be produced while allowing the natural gas hydrates to release natural gas. Wherein the gas hydrates in the deepwater gas hydrate reservoir 2 can be produced through the second extended reach well 20 by a drawdown production method.
Thereby, the natural gas hydrate can be continuously released from the natural gas and the natural gas can be continuously extracted from the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum 2, so that the deep water natural gas hydrate injection and extraction system 1 can be continuously operated, and the extraction amount of the deep water natural gas hydrate injection and extraction system 1 can be improved.
Also, since the drilling platform 10 is located in a shallow water region, a portion of the first extended reach well 30 and a portion of the second extended reach well 20 are located within the formation of the shallow water region. Since the ground temperature of the shallow water region formation at the same vertical depth or at a near vertical depth is much higher than the ground temperature of the deep water region formation, when the fluid for heating is injected into the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 through the first extended reach well 30, the fluid can be heated by using the shallow water region formation. Therefore, the heat injection and extraction of the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum 2 can be realized without providing extra heat to the fluid, so that the energy consumption and the operation cost of the deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and extraction system 1 can be reduced.
In addition, heat from the formation in the shallow water region may be transferred to the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 through the second extended reach well 20. Therefore, when the deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system 1 is used for producing the natural gas hydrate in the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum 2 by using the depressurization production method, the heat transferred to the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum 2 through the second extended reach well 20 can prolong the production time, and further the production efficiency can be improved.
Therefore, the deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system 1 has the advantages of high yield, low construction cost, small risk, continuous operation, high production quantity, convenience in production operation and maintenance and the like, and is expected to realize large-scale commercial production of deepwater natural gas hydrate resources.
The drilling and production platform 10 may be built in known manner in shallow waters of the ocean, independently of the invention of the present application, and will therefore not be described in detail. Preferably, the drilling and production platform 10 may be a stationary drilling and production platform.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the invention, both the first and second extended reach wells 30, 20 may include a vertical section 220 and a production section 230, with the upper end of the vertical section 220 being disposed on the drilling and production platform 10. A first end of production section 230 is connected to a lower end of vertical section 220 and a second end 231 of production section 230 is able to extend into deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the first and second extended reach wells 30, 20 may further comprise a transition section 240, a first end of the transition section 240 being connected to a lower end of the vertical section 220, and a second end of the transition section 240 being connected to a first end of the production section 230. The structure of the first extended reach well 30 and the second extended reach well 20 may be made more rational.
Preferably, at least a portion of the production section 230 of the second extended reach well 20 is located within the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. The gas production area of the second extended reach well 20 may thereby be further increased, and the single well production of natural gas may thereby be further increased. Preferably, the ratio of the horizontal displacement to the vertical depth of the first extended reach well 30 is 2 or more, and the ratio of the horizontal displacement to the vertical depth of the second extended reach well 20 is 2 or more. The gas production area of the second extended reach well 20 may thereby be further increased, and the single well production of natural gas may thereby be further increased.
As shown in fig. 1, in some examples of the invention, production section 230 of second extended reach well 20 comprises a first production section 232 extendable into free natural gas reservoir 3 and a second production section 233 extendable into deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. In other words, the second extended reach well 20 is able to penetrate the free natural gas reservoir 3 and the extended reach well 20 is able to extend into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. Thereby, it is possible to simultaneously extract natural gas hydrate in the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 and natural gas in the free natural gas reservoir 3.
Since the first production section 232 of the second extended reach well 20 is located within the free natural gas reservoir 3, the second extended reach well 20 can produce natural gas in the free natural gas reservoir 3. As the natural gas in the free natural gas reservoir 3 is discharged through the second extended reach well 20, the pressure of the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 can be reduced, and therefore, the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 can be produced at reduced pressure without providing a depressurization (depressurization) device, that is, the deepwater natural gas hydrate can be produced at reduced pressure while the free natural gas is produced.
In one example of the present invention, the first extended reach well 30 is a plurality of first extended reach wells 30, each of the first extended reach wells 30 being used for injecting at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide, and a fluid for heating into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. For example, the first extended reach well 30 may be three, the first extended reach well 30 may be used to inject chemical agents into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2, the second first extended reach well 30 may be used to inject carbon dioxide into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2, and the third first extended reach well 30 may be used to inject fluids for heating into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. Therefore, the combined exploitation of various exploitation methods can be realized, and the yield of the deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and exploitation system 1 can be further improved.
Preferably, a first portion of each first extended reach well 30 is located within the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 and a second portion of each second extended reach well 20 is located within the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2. Wherein a plurality of the first portions and a plurality of the second portions are parallel to each other. That is, each of the first portions and each of the second portions are parallel to each other, a plurality of the first portions are parallel to each other, and a plurality of the second portions are parallel to each other. Therefore, the structure of the deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system 1 can be more reasonable.
More preferably, the plurality of first portions are opposed to the plurality of second portions one by one in the up-down direction. In other words, the number of the first portions may be equal to the number of the second portions, each of the first portions being opposed to one of the second portions in the up-down direction, each of the second portions being opposed to one of the first portions in the up-down direction. Therefore, the structure of the deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system 1 can be more reasonable.
In one specific example of the present invention, the first extended reach well 30 is plural, and the second extended reach well 20 is plural. The first end of each first extended reach well 30 is arranged on the drilling and production platform 10, the second ends 310 of the first extended reach wells 30 can correspondingly extend into the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoirs 2 one by one, the first end of each second extended reach well 20 is arranged on the drilling and production platform 10, and the second ends 210 of the second extended reach wells 20 can correspondingly extend into the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoirs 2 one by one.
Therefore, the natural gas hydrates in a plurality of deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoirs 2 can be exploited by only arranging one drilling and production platform 10, so that the control area of the single drilling and production platform 10 is greatly increased, the number of the drilling and production platforms 10 is reduced, a huge construction cost can be saved, and the environmental influence can be greatly reduced.
The invention also provides a deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production method. The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection-production method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
arranging a drilling and production platform 10 in shallow water; and
drilling a deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 based on a drilling and production platform 10 so as to form a first extended reach well 30 and a second extended reach well 20, wherein at least one of a chemical reagent, carbon dioxide, and a fluid for heating is injected into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 using the first extended reach well 30, and natural gas hydrates in the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir 2 are produced using the second extended reach well 20.
Therefore, the deepwater natural gas hydrate injection-production method has the advantages of high yield, low construction cost, small risk, capability of continuous operation, high production quantity, convenience in production operation and maintenance and the like, and is expected to realize large-scale commercial production of deepwater natural gas hydrate resources.
In one example of the present invention, natural gas hydrates in a plurality of deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoirs 2 may be produced through a plurality of first extended reach wells 30 and a plurality of second extended reach wells 20 by drilling the plurality of deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoirs 2 based on the same drilling and production platform 10 to form the plurality of first extended reach wells 30 and the plurality of second extended reach wells 20. Therefore, the control area of a single drilling and production platform 10 can be greatly increased, the number of the drilling and production platforms 10 is reduced, and therefore not only can the huge construction cost be saved, but also the environmental influence can be greatly reduced.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1), comprising:
a drilling and production platform (10) arranged in shallow water;
a first extended reach well (30), a first end of the first extended reach well (30) being provided on the drilling and production platform (10), a second end (310) of the first extended reach well (30) extending into a deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2), wherein the first extended reach well (30) is used for injecting at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide and a fluid for heating into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2); and
a second extended reach well (20), a first end of the second extended reach well (20) being provided on the drilling and production platform (10), a second end (210) of the second extended reach well (20) extending into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2) for producing natural gas hydrates in the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2).
2. The deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1) according to claim 1, wherein each of the first extended reach well (30) and the second extended reach well (20) comprises:
the upper end part of the vertical section (220) is arranged on the drilling and production platform (10); and
a production section (230), a first end of the production section (230) being connected to a lower end of the vertical section (220), a second end (231) of the production section (230) extending into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2).
3. The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1) as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of the first extended reach well (30) and the second extended reach well (20) further comprises a transition section (240), a first end of the transition section (240) is connected with a lower end of the vertical section (220), and a second end of the transition section (240) is connected with a first end of the production section (230).
4. The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1) as claimed in claim 2, wherein at least a portion of the production section (230) of the second extended reach well (20) is located within the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2).
5. The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the production section (230) of the second extended reach well (20) comprises a first production section (232) extending into a free natural gas reservoir (3) and a second production section (233) extending into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2).
6. The deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first extended reach well (30) is a plurality of wells, and each of the first extended reach wells (30) is used for injecting at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide and a fluid for heating into the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir (2).
7. The deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a first portion of each of the first extended reach wells (30) is located within the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir (2) and a second portion of each of the second extended reach wells (20) is located within the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoir (2), wherein a plurality of the first portions and a plurality of the second portions are parallel to each other.
8. The deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1) according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of first portions and the plurality of second portions are opposed to each other one by one in an up-down direction.
9. The deep water natural gas hydrate injection and production system (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first extended reach well (30) is provided in plurality, the second extended reach well (20) is provided in plurality, wherein a first end of each first extended reach well (30) is provided on the drilling and production platform (10), second ends (310) of the first extended reach wells (30) are extended into the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoirs (2) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a first end of each second extended reach well (20) is provided on the drilling and production platform (10), and second ends (210) of the second extended reach wells (20) are extended into the deep water natural gas hydrate reservoirs (2) in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
10. The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging a drilling and production platform (10) in shallow water; and
drilling a deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2) on the basis of the drilling and production platform (10) so as to form a first extended reach well (30) and a second extended reach well (20), wherein at least one of a chemical agent, carbon dioxide and a fluid for heating is injected into the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2) by means of the first extended reach well (30), and natural gas hydrates in the deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoir (2) are produced by means of the second extended reach well (20).
11. The deepwater natural gas hydrate injection and production method according to claim 10, characterized in that a plurality of deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoirs (2) are drilled on the basis of the same drilling and production platform (10) so as to form a plurality of the first extended reach wells (30) and a plurality of the second extended reach wells (20), and natural gas hydrates in the plurality of deepwater natural gas hydrate reservoirs (2) are produced through the plurality of the first extended reach wells (30) and the plurality of the second extended reach wells (20).
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