CN1944576A - Saline-alkali soil amemdment, its preparing method and use - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil amemdment, its preparing method and use Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses one kind of amendment for regulating the structure and physical and chemical state of saline-alkali soil and its preparation process. The amendment consists of polymaleic acid 0.1-20 weigh portions, citric acid 0.5-35 weigh portions, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate 1.0-15 weigh portions, ammonium sulfate 1.0-8 weigh portions, and trace elements 0.1-8 weigh portions mainly. It can regulate the structure and physical and chemical state of saline-alkali soil effectively, eliminate the toxic action of salt and alkali to crop fast and make plant grow normally in saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil improvement agent, relate in particular to a kind of amendment of salt affected soil structure and physics and chemistry state and preparation method of this amendment of regulating, belong to the soil agrochemistry field.
Background technology
China has the saltings area to reach tens mu, mainly contains primary salinized soil and secondary salinization soil, is the one of the main reasons that soil further desertifies.The saltings is as a kind of resource, about still having 80%, China do not obtain development and use, in decades, country has dropped into great amount of manpower and material resources transformation salinity ground, but because traditional remodeling method has certain limitation, still be difficult to suppress the salinization problem in soil, thus develop as early as possible a kind ofly can economize on water, saline-alkali soil amemdment efficient, easy to use has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention's technical problem at first to be solved is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of saline-alkali soil amemdment that can effectively regulate salt affected soil structure and physics and chemistry state is provided.
The present invention's technical problem at first to be solved is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of amendment of regulating salt affected soil structure and physics and chemistry state, mainly form by the component of following weight part:
Poly-maleic acid 0.1-20 weight part
Citric acid 0.5-35 weight part
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1.0-15 weight part
Ammonium sulfate 1.0-8 weight part
Trace element 0.1-8 weight part
Preferably, the weight part of each component is:
Poly-maleic acid 10 weight parts
Citric acid 25 weight parts
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 8 weight parts
Ammonium sulfate 6 weight parts
Trace element 5 weight parts.
Described trace element can be any or their more than one mixtures formed by any part by weight in the necessary iron of plant nutrition, copper, zinc, the manganese.Trace element of the present invention also comprises the inorganic or organism of trace element (iron, copper, zinc, manganese).For example: zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, manganous sulfate etc.In addition, in order to reach better effect, described trace element also can comprise the complex element that selenium, silicon, cobalt etc. any one or more than one are formed with any part by weight.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned saline-alkali soil amemdment.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method for preparing saline-alkali soil amemdment comprises:
(1) take by weighing following each component:
Poly-maleic acid 0.1-20 weight part
Citric acid 0.5-35 weight part
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1.0-15 weight part
Ammonium sulfate 1.0-8 weight part
Trace element 0.1-8 weight part
(2) earlier in the reactor 50-60 ℃ of an amount of water of adding (amount that this time adds entry wherein gets final product so that follow-up each component that is added can fully be dissolved in, as for more or a little less, do not influence enforcement of the present invention or effect), add poly-maleic acid again, stir, get mixture 1;
(3) (purpose that adds auxiliary agent is for each component being dissolved or dispersed in the water more fully, forming stable solution to add citric acid, ammonium sulfate, trace element (iron, copper, zinc, manganese), auxiliary agent successively in mixture 1; This auxiliary agent can be any one the auxiliary agent of selling on the market, for example dispersion agent etc.), stir, generate polymer substance;
(4) under 40-60 ℃ condition, in the polymer substance that step (3) is generated, add Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, fully emulsified after, supply water to 100 weight part, promptly.
Preferably, after water adds poly-maleic acid, stirred 20 minutes in the step (2), get mixture 1; Stirred 30 minutes after in mixture 1, adding citric acid, ammonium sulfate, trace element (iron, copper, zinc, manganese), high osmotic agent in the step (3) successively, generate polymer substance; Emulsification times in the step (4) is 20 minutes.
The using method of saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention: (illustrate: the consumption of saline-alkali soil amemdment can be according to particular case decision consumption to be applied or that improve the soil by consumption with saline-alkali soil amemdment, as a reference: every mu of consumption is the 0.5-5 kilogram) add in the atomizer, with evenly being sprayed on the soil surface that to improve after the clear water dilution (about 50-100 doubly), pour water subsequently, get final product.
Saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is on the basis of the origin cause of formation of analyzing salting of soil and root exudates that the saline alkali tolerant plant growth metabolism is played a decisive role, further analyze plant normal growth and grown necessary nutritive element, select and can replenish the required nutritive element of plant-growth fast, according to the mechanism of plant absorbing nutrient in addition scientific allocation form.
Saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention can be regulated salt affected soil structure and physics and chemistry state, removes saline and alkalinely to the Toxicity in Crops effect rapidly, and plant can normally be emerged on the saltings and grow.Can regulate the osmotic pressure of the soil solution after being manured into soil, make into salt ion and become and to utilize state, reduce that soil alkaline is sprouted crop seed and the influence of root system development, save seedling and volume increase from damage, increase income purpose thereby reach the saltings by plant absorbing.
Saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention, its production technique safety, environmentally safe; Preparation is to people, animal safety, all harmless to crop and soil, can be applicable to be subjected to the farmland and the new saltings of opening up wasteland of saline and alkaline infringement, can regulate salt affected soil structure and physics and chemistry state after the use, fall the alkali desalination, make saline and alkaline influence be reduced to minimum level to plant-growth, affined moisture and nutritive element are converted into can utilize state by plant absorbing, guarantee plant in the saltings normal the germination and healthy growth, remarkable to the improved effect in saltings, easy to use, cost is low.
In addition, saline alkali soil conditioner of the present invention also has special efficacy for the middle-and-low-yielding fields soil improvement that various bad soil factors cause, be particularly useful for because of unreasonable irrigation, accumulated water, chemical fertilizer use excessive, unreasonable crop rotation, soil compaction, barren, the unequal crop of causing of nutrient supply emerge difficulty, dead seedling, transplant the soil of slow seedling difficulty, the serious underproduction of retarded growth, the various crops of suitable planting on middle-and-low-yielding fields.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention by the following examples, it should be understood that these embodiment only are used for the purpose of illustration, never limit protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 1 saline-alkali soil amemdment
Take by weighing each raw material by following weight:
Poly-maleic acid 20 weight parts
Citric acid 35 weight parts
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 15 weight parts
Ammonium sulfate 8 weight parts
Trace element 8 weight parts;
Wherein, trace element is the mixture that iron, copper, zinc and manganese are formed by any part by weight;
(2) earlier add 50-60 ℃ of water (amount that institute adds entry get final product so that follow-up each component that is added can fully be dissolved in wherein) in reactor, add and gather maleic acid, stirring gets mixture 1;
(3) in mixture 1, add citric acid, ammonium sulfate, trace element (iron, copper, zinc, manganese), auxiliary agent successively, stir, generate polymer substance;
(4) under 40-60 ℃ condition, in the polymer substance that step (2) is generated, add Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, fully emulsified after, supply water to 100 weight part, promptly.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing each raw material by following weight:
Poly-maleic acid 0.1 weight part
Citric acid 2 weight parts
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1 weight part
Ammonium sulfate 1 weight part
Trace element 0.1 weight part;
Wherein, trace element is a zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, the mixture that ferrous sulfate and manganous sulfate are formed by any part by weight;
(2) in reactor, add 50-60 ℃ of water (amount that adds entry wherein gets final product so that follow-up each component that is added can fully be dissolved in) earlier, add poly-maleic acid again, stirred 20 minutes, get mixture 1;
(3) in mixture 1, add citric acid, ammonium sulfate, trace element (iron, copper, zinc, manganese), auxiliary agent successively, stirred 30 minutes, generate polymer substance;
(4) under 40-60 ℃ condition, in the polymer substance that step (2) is generated, add Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, emulsification was supplied water to 100 weight part, promptly after 20 minutes.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing each raw material by following weight:
Poly-maleic acid 10 weight parts
Citric acid 25 weight parts
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 8 weight parts
Ammonium sulfate 6 weight parts
Trace element 5 weight parts;
Wherein, the mixture formed by any part by weight by iron ion, cupric ion, zine ion and mn ion of above-mentioned trace element;
(2) in reactor, add 50-60 ℃ of water (amount that adds entry gets final product so that follow-up each component that is added can fully be dissolved in wherein) earlier, add poly-maleic acid again, stirred 20 minutes, get mixture 1;
(3) in mixture 1, add citric acid, ammonium sulfate, trace element (iron, copper, zinc, manganese), auxiliary agent successively, stirred 30 minutes, generate polymer substance;
(4) under 40-60 ℃ condition, in the polymer substance that step (2) is generated, add Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, emulsification was supplied water to 100 weight part, promptly after 20 minutes.
Test example 1 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention field effect test
1, experimental plot basic condition
Test site is located at Meng Gu township, east, Handan City, Hebei province.Soil compaction, water-permeable and air permeable are poor.Soil pH value 8.6, total salt content 0.68% (5 samplings in field, sampling depth 0-20cm mixed soil sample).Middle fertility has irrigation conditions.
2, trial crops and field management
Trial crops cotton, kind are " No. 12, middle cotton ".Farming operation and field management all routinely operating method carry out.Survey product according to single receipts the in experimental plot during cotton harvesting.
3, for trial product
The saline-alkali soil amemdment that the embodiment of the invention is prepared.
4, field design and test method
Field method of application: when before sowing cotton seed, pouring water, will add by different effective levels for trial product and convert 50 times of water dilutions in the common sprayer, and evenly be sprayed on soil surface.G/ha.=gram/hectare), 15000g/ha., 22500g/ha., 30000g/ha., reach blank 5 processing if be respectively for trial product: 7500g/ha. (illustrate: totally.300 meters of every processing areas
2(length * wide=12 meter * 25 meters).Every processing repeats four times, totally 20 sub-districts.
5, data survey and analytical procedure
At any time observe the situation of emerging behind the sowing cotton seed, after the wait seedling all sprouts, take five point samplings in each sub-district, every sampling point is 1 meter
2The investigation basic seedling amount calculates every sub-district survival rate of seedlings according to this.Cotton growth is estimated the growing way situation mid-term.The single receipts in every sub-district weighed during results, and seed cotton yield is calculated in accumulation.With F test and duncan's new multiple range method (SSR) testing data is carried out interpretation of result and comparison.
6, test results and analysis
6.1 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention sees Table 1 to the emerge influence of situation of cotton.
The influence that table 1 saline-alkali soil amemdment different treatment of the present invention is emerged to cotton
| Handle | Seedling rate (%) | The reguarity of emerging | The growing way situation |
| 7500g/ha. | 69.4 | More neat | Better |
| 15000g/ha. | 90.6 | More neat | Good |
| 22500g/ha. | 97.2 | Neatly | Good |
| 30000g/ha. | 98.8 | Neatly | Good |
| CK | 31.0 | Irregular | Difference |
Annotate: seedling rate is the mean value of 5 sampling points in every sub-district in the table.
As can be seen from Table 1, use saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention to have that obvious promotion is emerged and the effect of keeping a full stand of seedings.7500g/ha., 15000g/ha., 22500g/ha., 30000g/ha., each leaf emergence be respectively 69.4%, 90.6%, 97.2%, 98.8%, and the blank seedling rate only is 31.0%.15000g/ha., the seedling rate difference is little between three processing of 22500g/ha., 30000g/ha.7500g/ha. the seedling rate of handling has improved 38.4% than blank.And emerge reguarity and growing way situation of range estimation all is better than blank.
6.2, saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is to the influence of output of cotton
Table 2 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is to the effect of increasing production of cotton
| Handle | Output (kg/ha.) | Rate of increase (%) | The significance of difference is analyzed (P=0.01) | Remarks |
| 30000g/ha. | 3652 | 43.1 | A | Output is to amount to per hectare unginned cotton after the accumulative total of every sub-district to produce in the table |
| 22500g/ha. | 3576 | 40.1 | A | |
| 15000g/ha. | 3519 | 37.8 | A | |
| 7500g/ha. | 2754 | 7.9 | B | |
| CK | 2552 | - | C |
As known from Table 2, each treatment zone output all increases a lot than the check plot.Each treatment zone output all has significant difference compared with the control.But output does not have significant difference between 15000g/ha., 22500g/ha., three processing of 30000g/ha., handles with 7500g/ha. and has compared significant difference.15000g/ha. the rate of increase of handling has reached 37.8%, and is similar to the seedling rate situation for being fit to consumption.
7, conclusion (of pressure testing)
(1), saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention has a significant effect for the improvement of cotton middle-and-low-yielding fields.By to having improved seedling rate after the effect of bad soil greatly, and the effect of keeping a full stand of seedings obviously, finally reached the effect of increasing both production and income.
(2), as can be known, 15000g/ha. is treated to best effective level from above analytical results.
Test example 2 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention field effect tests
1, experimental plot basic condition:
Test site is located at Jinzhou City, Hebei province Zhou Jiazhuan six teams.Soil type is the salinization anthropogenic-alluvial soil, and 0-20cm topsoil soils total salt content is 0.64%, soil pH value 8.7.Middle fertility, organic content 1.18%, soil hydrolyzable nitrogen 58ppm, rapid available phosphorus 15ppm, available potassium 81ppm.Physical features is smooth, and irrigation conditions is good, and preceding stubble is a corn.
2, trial crops and field management:
Trial crops: corn (Zeamays), kind are agricultural university 108.April 26 ploughed, and made base fertilizer with ammonium nitrate 50kg/ mu and primary ammonium phosphate 20kg/ mu.April 27 irrigated the fields, the whole ground of rake a kind of farm tools on May 2, and sowing on May 4 is covering film also.Basic seedling 4710 strain/mus.Several 127 strains of the theoretical seedling in experimental plot.Other management are with conventional.September 17 gathered in the crops, and singles singly receive according to the sub-district, survey product.
3, field test design:
If saline-alkali soil amemdment 300ml/ mu of the present invention, 500ml/ mu, 600ml/ mu, 900ml/ mu and blank (spray equivalent clear water, CK) totally 5 processing.Every processing repeats random alignment, totally 15 sub-districts 3 times.Every sub-district area 66.7m
2, the experimental plot total area is 1000.5m
2
4, using method:
In morning April 27, according to the test design requirement, each is handled the sub-district and quantitatively saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is added 3WBS-14 type atomizer respectively, and convert the water dilution and be sprayed on soil surface for 500 times, blank spray equivalent clear water, pour water according to the sub-district and irrigate the fields in the processing back.
5, investigation and analytical procedure:
The condition survey 5.1 emerge: observed once in after planting per 3 days, record emerges the initial stage in seeding stage.After treating that seedling all sprouts, 5 samplings in each sub-district, every some investigation 1m
2The seedling number calculates each sub-district survival rate of seedlings, the range estimation reguarity.Grow and estimate growing way mid-term.
5.2 output is investigated: September 17,5 samplings in each sub-district were got representative samples 5 strains at every at random when gathering in the crops, and investigated yield component (spike length, head progeny row, grain number per spike, mu grain weigh), and received the calculating per mu yield in fact by the sub-district singles.
5.3 enquiry data statistical study: carry out significance analysis with F test and new multipole poor (SSR) method.
6, test results and analysis:
6.1 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention sees Table 3 to the influence of mulch film emergence of corn.
Table 3 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is to the influence of mulch film emergence of corn
| Handle | Sowing time | Seedling-growing time | The theoretical seedling number (strain) in sub-district | The actual seedling number in sub-district (strain) | Seedling rate (%) | The reguarity of emerging | Seedling stage growing way | Mid-term growing way |
| CK | May 4 | May 14 | 127 | 91 | 71.65 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 300ml/ mu | May 4 | May 13 | 127 | 113.8 | 89.61 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| 500ml/ mu | May 4 | May 13 | 127 | 114.5 | 90.16 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| 600ml/ mu | May 4 | May 12 | 127 | 123.4 | 97.17 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| 900ml/ mu | May 4 | May 12 | 127 | 124.2 | 97.80 | 2 | 3 | 3 |
Annotate: reguarity: 0-is irregular, and 1-is more neat, and 2-is neat; Growing way: 1-is relatively poor, and 2-is better, and 3-is good.
By table 3 as seen, saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention imposes on saline and alkaline heavier soil has tangible promotion to emerge and the effect of keeping a full stand of seedings, and can shorten seedling-growing time and improve seedling rate.Compared with the control, seedling rate improves 17.97-26.15%, and at the reguarity of emerging, seedling stage growing way, mid-term aspect such as growing way excellent with contrast.
6.2 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is to the influence of mulch film corn yield constituent element and output
Table 4 saline-alkali soil amemdment is to the influence of mulch film corn yield constituent element and output
| Handle | Spike length (cm) | Head progeny row (OK) | Grain number per spike (grain) | 100-grain weight (g) | Cell production (kg/ district) | Sub-district conversion output (kg/ha.) |
| CK | 17.6 | 13.3 | 517 | 31.7 | 62.2 | 9333.3 |
| 300ml/ mu | 18.8 | 13.9 | 539 | 32.3 | 74.7 | 11218.7 |
| 300ml/ mu | 19.5 | 14.1 | 546 | 33.2 | 75.9 | 11386.7 |
| 300ml/ mu | 20.4 | 14.8 | 557 | 34.3 | 81.0 | 12742.6 |
| 300ml/ mu | 21.2 | 15.0 | 561 | 34.2 | 84.7 | 12712.2 |
Table 5 significance of difference analytical results
| Handle | Repeat | Output (g/ha) |
| 300ml/ mu (saline-alkali soil amemdment) | I | 10328.7a |
| II | 12546.1a | |
| III | 10781.3a | |
| 300ml/ mu (saline-alkali soil amemdment) | I | 11145.6a |
| II | 11278.3a | |
| III | 11736.2a | |
| 300ml/ mu (saline-alkali soil amemdment) | I | 12432.4a |
| II | 12895.1a | |
| III | 12900.3a | |
| 300ml/ mu | I | 13010.4a |
| II | 10578.9a | |
| III | 14547.3a | |
| CK | I | 9014.5b |
| II | 9215.3b | |
| III | 9770.1b |
Annotate: perpendicular column data has same letter person's difference not remarkable in the table, and different alphabetical person's significant differences are arranged.
As shown in Table 5, four processing all have remarkably influenced to output structure and output compared with the control, show that spike length increases, and tassel row number increases, and grain number per spike increases, and 100-grain weight increases, and the result of comprehensive action increases output.600ml/ mu and 900ml/ mu treatment zone obviously increase spike length, and spike number increases, and grain number per spike increases, and 100-grain weight increases, and 600ml/ mu, 900ml/ mu treatment zone output significantly increase.Compare with blank, output improves 20.20%, 22.00%, 36.53%, 36.20% respectively and all reaches conspicuous level (table 5).
7, conclusion (of pressure testing)
7.1 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is to the saltings emergence of corn, seedling rate, the reguarity of emerging, seedling stage growing way and mid-term growing way the better action effect is all arranged.Performance making emerges in advance, survival rate of seedlings improves, and reason is because saline-alkali soil amemdment aqua of the present invention has been removed high salinity ground preferably to the toxic action of seed germination and root system development, has improved root system vigor and soil nutrient level of supply in seedling stage.
7.2 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention can improve yield component, and corn ear length is increased, tassel row number increases, and grain number per spike increases, and 100-grain weight increases, than blank volume increase 20.00-36.53%.
Test example 3 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention field effect tests
1, experimental plot basic condition
Test site is located at Nangong City, Hebei province bureau of agriculture seed multiplication farm, and practice ground is moderate saltings, and the earth sample determination fetches earth through the field: total salt content is 0.49%-0.57%, pH value 8.1-9.0 belongs to middle-and-low-yielding fields, the plantation of 1 year two season, preceding stubble is a winter wheat, back stubble corn.Irrigation and fertilizer application condition are good.
2, trial crops and field management
Trial crops is a corn, and selecting kind for use is " agricultural university 108 ".The operation of field farming and manage all routinely operating method carry out.
3, for test preparation
Saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention.
4, field design and test method
Use at twice the time of infertility at corn.For the first time handle soil prior to seeding, consumption is respectively: 7.5 kilograms/hectare, 11.25 kilograms/hectare, 15 kilograms/hectare and blank totally four processing.0.1 hectare of every processing area repeats four times, and the test total area is 1.6 hectares.Use with irrigation water in seedling stage for the second time, when consumption is handled soil prior to seeding with the first time identical (same processing sub-district).The method of sowing pre-treatment soil is that confession test preparation is added in the atomizer by consumption, evenly is sprayed on soil surface after diluting about 50 times with clear water, pours water subsequently.Using seedling stage is will evenly splash in the irrigation water in the water inlet by consumption for test preparation when pouring water, and enters soil with irrigation water.Test-results investigation seedling rate is surveyed during crop harvesting and is produced, with corn emerge and the volume increase situation is expressed the result of use of product.
5, test-results and evaluation
5.1, saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention handles saline and alkaline changing conditions behind the soil
Table 6 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is to the influence of soil alkaline
| Date | 7.5 kilogram/hectare | 11.25 kilogram/hectare | 15 kilograms/hectare | Blank | ||||
| pH | Saltiness (%) | pH | Saltiness (%) | pH | Saltiness (%) | pH | Saltiness (%) | |
| Before the processing | 8.5 | 0.49 | 8.1 | 0.52 | 9.0 | 0.51 | 8.7 | 0.57 |
| Behind the 1st the pre-sowing treatment soil 10 days | 7.4 | 0.38 | 7.0 | 0.41 | 7.5 | 0.36 | 8.4 | 0.52 |
| Use back 10 day with irrigation the 2nd seedling stage | 6.3 | 0.21 | 6.2 | 0.26 | 6.1 | 0.23 | 8.6 | 0.56 |
As can be seen from Table 6, after saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention was handled, soil pH value all had different reductions with total salt content, and the basic no change in blank district.Used for the second time behind the saline-alkali soil amemdment 10 days, the treatment zone total salt content all is lower than 0.3%, and pH value and total salt content all are in the normal range of anthropogenic soil, can guarantee normal growth and the growth of farm crop such as corn.
5.2, saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is to the effect of increasing production of corn
Table 7 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is to the effect of increasing production of corn
| Handle | Seedling rate % | Output (kilogram/hectare) | Stimulation ratio % |
| 7.5 kilogram/hectare | 89.7 | 7018.5 | 16.5 |
| 11.25 kilogram/hectare | 92.3 | 7557.0 | 25.4 |
| 15 kilograms/hectare | 98.1 | 7938.0 | 31.8 |
| Blank | 70.6 | 6024,0 | - |
As can be known from the results of Table 7, compare with blank after saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is handled, the seedling rate of corn and output all have raising by a relatively large margin, and consumption is big more, and increase rate is big more.Stimulation ratio is 16.5%--31.8%, and effect of increasing production is very obvious.And seedling rate increases 19.7%--27.5% than blank, illustrates because the improvement of situation of emerging, thereby output is had bigger influence.From the consumption aspect, significant difference between 7.5 kilograms/hectare and other two kinds of consumptions, 11.25 kilograms/hectare and 15 kilograms of/hectare usage variances are not obvious.
Therefore, saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention has improving effect preferably to soil alkaline, and suitable consumption is the emerging and grow a good edatope is provided of crop after having reduced salinization and alkalization, thus make with the seedling rate improve, output increases.
Test example 4 saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention field effect tests
Rice seedling is very responsive to salt and alkali, and seedling phase soil is: the critical limit of chloride ion content is 0.05-0.07%, and the pH value is 8.5.Irrigation water quality chlorion or the critical degree of pH value are respectively 0.14-0.15% or 8.5.In order to observe the situation that survives of irrigating rice seedling under the slightly salty condition, utilize saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention to do relevant slightly salty in area just outside a city gate, Changli County town in the test of using aspect the raising rice seedlings.
1, this test is carried out in area just outside a city gate town, Changli County, Hebei, and soil soluble salt content 0.52%, chlorine ion concentration are 0.31%.The pH value is 7.56.The irrigation water salinity is 0.076%, chlorine ion concentration 0.046%, and the pH value is 9.04, process object is for handling the back seedbed soil.Used saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention to handle 8 seedbed soils (15 square metres/bed) for 1 bottle on April 21, saline-alkali soil amemdment dilution of the present invention sprays for 800 times, and then spray equivalent irrigation water.Blank district area is equal to, and uses clear water to irrigate, and its clear water salinity is 0.047%, chlorine ion concentration 0.028%, pH value 7.20.
2, subjects and field management: rice seedling.
3, reagent agent: saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention.
4, contrast agents: the vitriol oil, buy by market.
5, test design and treatment process:
6, test design: per 8 paddy seedbed be 1 sub-district, adjacent 8 is the check plot, every seedbed 15m
2
7, treatment process: according to the result of last year,, saline-alkali soil amemdment dilution of the present invention is handled the seedbed for 800 times, add the equivalent irrigation water and spray by mu consumption 0.75kg.Irrigation water is used clear water and slightly salty respectively, slightly salty: salinity 0.076%, chlorine ion concentration 0.046%, pH value 9.04; Equivalent clear water: salinity 0.047%, chlorine ion concentration 0.028%, pH value 7.20.
8, investigation method and result statistics: multiple spot soil sampling and complete seedling sample at random in saline-alkali soil amemdment treatment zone of the present invention and blank district, investigation soil salt, potential of hydrogen, height of seedling, root are long, branch radical, the number of blade, root color, dry weight, fresh weight.The soil sample total salt is measured with conductometric titration, potential of hydrogen pH pH-value determination pH.
(0.33 jin/m of the vitriol oil is all used in the check plot
2)+grow seedlings spirit (0.2kg/m
2) dilute aftertreatment with clear water.Irrigation water is used clear water and slightly salty (identical with treatment zone) respectively.
9, result and analysis
9.1 under the brackish water irrigation condition to paddy seedbed treatment effect
Under the table 8 brackish water irrigation condition to paddy seedbed treatment effect
| Handle I (clear water filling) | Contrast I (clear water filling) | Handle II (salt water filling) | Contrast II (salt water filling) | |||||
| pH | Total salt % | pH | Total salt % | pH | Total salt % | pH | Total salt % | |
| April 18 (before handling) | 7.56± 0.02 | 0.52± 0.01 | 7.56± 0.02 | 0.52± 0.01 | 7.56± 0.02 | 0.52± 0.01 | 7.5± 60.02 | 0.52± 0.01 |
| April 21 (handling the back) | 7.12± 0.02 | 0.205± 0.01 | 7.56± 0.02 | 0.52± 0.01 | 7.55± 0.02 | 0.48± 0.01 | 8.40± 0.02 | 0.61± 0.01 |
| April 23 (handling the back) | 6.38± 0.02 | 0.38± 0.01 | 7.00± 0.02 | 0.41± 0.01 | 7.06± 0.02 | 0.48± 0.01 | 8.42± 0.02 | 0.63± 0.01 |
| April 26 (handling the back) | 6.32± 0.02 | 0.36± 0.01 | 7.01± 0.02 | 0.42± 0.01 | 7.10± 0.02 | 0.45± 0.01 | 8.50± 0.02 | 0.69± 0.01 |
As can be seen from Table 8, after saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is handled, no matter be irrigation with saline water, or the clear water irrigation, the pH value all is lower than the preceding situation of handling; And saltiness is under clear water irrigation situation, treatment zone (handling I) all be lower than handle before situation; Under the brackish water irrigation situation, during by the 9th day, the treatment zone saltiness also hangs down 0.02% than before handling.
And the situation of contrast is made a world of difference, and under the clear water irrigation conditions (contrast I), pH value and saltiness all reduce gradually.And under the brackish water irrigation condition (contrast II), all risings rapidly of pH value and saltiness, especially pH value, after processing the 3rd day just is elevated to 8.40 from 7.56; During by the 9th day, the pH value has reached 8.50, and at this moment rice seedling can not normal growth.
Under brackish water irrigation, handle back (handling II) through saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention and compare with the contrast (contrasting I) of clear water irrigation, the pH value all in the time of the 6th day (April 23) reduce as far as possible; Treatment zone is 7.06, and the check plot is 7.00, and this all belongs to normal range; During by the 9th day, treatment zone pH value rises to 7.10, and the clear water check plot is 7.01, still belongs to normal range.The situation of saltiness then be after processing the 4th day the time (April 21) treatment zone (handling II) be 0.48%, clear water check plot (contrast I) then is 0.52%, and be higher by 0.04% than treatment zone.During by the 9th day, treatment zone (handling II) just comparison exceeds 0.03% according to the worker.
9.2, the growing state of paddy rice
Table 9 rice seedling growing state
| Height of seedling (cm) | The number of blade | Root long (cm) | Tiller number | The root look | Dry weight/fresh weight (g/ strain) | |
| Contrast I handles I contrast II and handles II | 9.43±0.02 12.4±0.04 7.82±0.02 11.3±0.04 | 3 leaves, 1 core, 5 leaves, 1 core, 2 leaves, 1 core, 4 leaves, 1 core | 5.93±0.02 6.98±0.02 4.10±0.02 6.09±0.03 | 9.58±0.03 10.9±0.03 5.16±0.02 10.0±0.03 | The isabelline white of tawny white | 0.023/0.090 0.028/0.108 0.016/0.072 0.026/0.102 |
As can be seen from Table 9, treatment zone is all being compared aspect height of seedling, the number of blade, root length, tiller number, Gen Se and the dry weight/fresh weight compared with the control according to wanting high.After the processing, irrigate with clear water, its height of seedling is 12.464 ± 0.04cm, and blade is 5 leaves, 1 cores, root length is 6.98 ± 0.02cm, and nearly 11 of tiller number, dry weight/fresh weight are after 0.028/0.108 handles, with brackish water irrigation (handling II), every index all is lower than handles I, but all compares according to getting well.Irrigate the check plot of slightly salty, rice shoot almost is in dead edge, at any time all may be dead.
From this result, the seedling bed regulating acid effect of saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is far longer than sulfuric acid, after the sulfuric acid acid adjustment is handled, need clear water to irrigate (contrast I), rice shoot ability normal growth, still, the growing state of rice shoot all is lower than through saline-alkali soil amemdment treatment zone of the present invention.That is: after saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is handled, promptly use brackish water irrigation, the growing state of rice shoot is good than after vitriolization (contrast I) also.After the vitriolization (contrast II), if use brackish water irrigation, then rice shoot almost can not normal growth, is in dead edge.
Above result has proved absolutely that saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention has extraordinary seedling bed regulating acid function.From the result, saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention promotes the effect of seedling growth in addition.
10, conclusion (of pressure testing):
10.1, saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention compares with the vitriol oil, and is better to paddy seedbed acid adjustment effect.
10.2, saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention can not only reduce the pH value of bed soil, can also reduce the saltiness of bed soil, rice seedling preferably is grown.After saline-alkali soil amemdment of the present invention is handled, can obviously promote seedling growth.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of amendment of regulating saline-alkali soil Soil structure and physics and chemistry state, mainly composed of the following components:
Poly-maleic acid 0.1-20 weight part
Citric acid 0.5-35 weight part
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 1.0-15 weight part
Ammonium sulfate 1.0-8 weight part
Trace element 0.1-8 weight part.
According to the amendment of claim 1, it is characterized in that 2, the weight part of each component is:
Poly-maleic acid 10 weight parts
Citric acid 25 weight parts
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 8 weight parts
Ammonium sulfate 6 weight parts
Trace element 5 weight parts.
According to the amendment of claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, described trace element is the necessary for plant growth trace element.
According to the amendment of claim 3, it is characterized in that 4, described trace element is any or their more than one complex elements formed by any part by weight in iron, copper, zinc, the manganese.
According to the amendment of claim 4, it is characterized in that 5, described trace element also comprises any one or more than one complex element formed by any part by weight in selenium, silicon or the cobalt.
6, a kind of method for preparing claim 1 amendment comprises:
(1) elder generation adds 50-60 ℃ of water in reactor, adds poly-maleic acid again, stirs, and gets mixture 1;
(2) in mixture 1, add citric acid, ammonium sulfate, trace element, auxiliary agent successively, stir, generate polymer substance;
(3) under 40-60 ℃ condition, in the polymer substance that step (2) is generated, add Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, after the emulsification, supply water to 100 weight part, promptly.
7, according to the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that, after water adds poly-maleic acid, stirred 20 minutes in the step (1), get mixture 1; Stirred 30 minutes after in mixture 1, adding citric acid, ammonium sulfate, trace element, high osmotic agent in the step (2) successively, generate polymer substance; The emulsive time described in the step (3) is 20 minutes.
8, the application of any one amendment of claim 1-5 in improve the soil structure and physico-chemical property.
According to the application of claim 8, it is characterized in that 9, described soil is saline-alkali soil.
According to the application of claim 8, it is characterized in that 10, described application is that amendment is added in the atomizer,, pour water subsequently with being sprayed on the soil surface that to improve after the clear water dilution.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106190134A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-salt alkali composition containing Rhizoma Dioscoreae extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN106753403A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 北京华荟生态科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land modifying agent and salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement technique |
| CN107089863A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-25 | 广西新方向现代农业发展有限公司 | Improve liquid carbon fertilizer of salt affected soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108040522A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-05-18 | 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 | Ground mulching, the salt reduction method for reducing moisture evaporation are realized using halophytes |
| CN108264906A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-10 | 周苏玫 | A kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner |
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Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1066481C (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 2001-05-30 | 甄常生 | Reyulation agent for saline-alkali soil |
| CN1118536C (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2003-08-20 | 刘英仙 | Improver for sanilized soil |
| CN1528860A (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2004-09-15 | 李智强 | Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparing method thereof |
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- 2006-10-25 CN CN2006101140353A patent/CN1944576B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN106190134A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-salt alkali composition containing Rhizoma Dioscoreae extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN106753403A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-31 | 北京华荟生态科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land modifying agent and salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement technique |
| CN106753403B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 北京华荟生态科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land modifying agent and salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement technique |
| CN108264906A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-10 | 周苏玫 | A kind of saline-alkali soil conditioner |
| CN107089863A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-25 | 广西新方向现代农业发展有限公司 | Improve liquid carbon fertilizer of salt affected soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108040522A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-05-18 | 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 | Ground mulching, the salt reduction method for reducing moisture evaporation are realized using halophytes |
| CN115322788A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-11-11 | 河北研推生物工程有限公司 | Preparation method of saline-alkali soil remediation, research and pushing saline-alkali resistant product |
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