CN1907083A - Process for producing protein feed stuff by traditional Chinese medicine slag - Google Patents
Process for producing protein feed stuff by traditional Chinese medicine slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN1907083A CN1907083A CNA2006100214699A CN200610021469A CN1907083A CN 1907083 A CN1907083 A CN 1907083A CN A2006100214699 A CNA2006100214699 A CN A2006100214699A CN 200610021469 A CN200610021469 A CN 200610021469A CN 1907083 A CN1907083 A CN 1907083A
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Abstract
TTThe invention discloses a protein fodder preparing method through traditional Chinese medicine slag, which comprises the following steps: (1) predisposing traditional Chinese medicine slag through drying and grinding; (2) allocating solid material and water at 1: 1-1: 3; blending; blending 2-4% nitrogen source and 0.5-1.2% phosphoric source evenly; blending the allocated solution with traditional Chinese medicine slag evenly; controlling pH value at 4.5-6.0; (3) sterilizing; setting steam pressure at 1atm and temperature at 121 deg.c for at least 30 min; (4) fermenting; seeding 10-20% bacteria; fermenting under normal pressure at 30-37 deg.c with 4-7 d as one period; (5) drying to obtain the product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field that utilizes of Chinese medicine slag, particularly a kind of method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag.
Background technology
The traditional Chinese medical science is the rarity in China's medical treasure-house, and but then, used Chinese medicine can produce a lot of Chinese medicine slags.Especially Chinese patent drug processing enterprise must follow the appearance of a large amount of Chinese medicine slags in its drug production process, if untimely the processing, it is smelly very easily to rot, and environment is polluted.
About the processing of Chinese medicine slag, mainly it is carried out landfill as solid waste at present.Along with the reinforcement and the development of science and technology of environmental consciousness, the processing of Chinese medicine slag and comprehensive utilization more and more cause people's attention, therefore, the new technology that some Chinese medicine slags utilize occurred.For example, application number is that 200510104524.6 Chinese patent application discloses a kind of " is the production method of the culture medium of edible fungus of raw material with the Chinese medicine slag ", and application number is that 91104240.7 Chinese patent application discloses a kind of " method of Chinese medicine slag culturing edible fungus ".But over all, the processing of Chinese medicine slag and utilization remain a weak link, remain further to conduct a research and new technology is promoted.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of method of producing protein feed, to widen the purposes of Chinese medicine slag, for a new road is opened up in the processing of Chinese medicine slag with Chinese medicine slag.
Method of producing protein feed of the present invention with Chinese medicine slag, its processing step is as follows successively:
(1) preliminary treatment of Chinese medicine slag
At first Chinese medicine slag is carried out drying (dry mode has multiple, but preferably adopts the mode of oven dry, 45 ℃～60 ℃ of temperature, pressure is normal pressure), make it be easy pulverizing state, dried Chinese medicine slag being crushed to granularity then is 1.0mm～2.0mm.
(2) batching and batch mixing
The mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 1～1: 3, and the mass fraction of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: 100 parts of pretreated Chinese medicine slags, 2 parts～4 parts in nitrogenous source, 0.5 part～1.2 parts in phosphorus source;
Nitrogenous source, phosphorus source added in the entry mix, solution and the pretreated Chinese medicine slag of being prepared mixed again, the pH value of compound is controlled at 4.5～6.0.
(3) sterilization
The compound of step (2) preparation is carried out sterilization treatment, and autoclaving is adopted in sterilization, steam pressure 1atm, and 121 ℃ of temperature, the time was at least 30 minutes.
(4) fermentation
Compound after the sterilization treatment is fermented, and bacterial classification is inoculated by 10%～20% inoculum concentration, fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃～37 ℃, and fermentation period is 4 days～7 days.
(5) drying
Drying (dry mode has multiple, but preferably adopts the mode of oven dry, 60 ℃ of temperature, pressure is normal pressure) is carried out in fermentation after finishing, and promptly obtains the solid-state protein feed, and this kind protein feed is ferment fragrance slightly, water content＜10%.
In order to improve the protein content of protein feed, add mineral element addition of C aCl during batching
2Or/and NaCl is or/and MgSO
4, CaCl
2Addition be 0.05%～0.2% of Chinese medicine slag quality, the addition of NaCl is 0.02%～0.07% of a Chinese medicine slag quality, MgSO
4Addition be 0.02%～0.07% of Chinese medicine slag quality.
In the described method, the nitrogenous source of using during batching is (NH
4)
2SO
4Or urea, the phosphorus source is KH
2PO
4Or/and K
2HPO
4
In the described method, the bacterial classification of using during fermentation is at least that Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, a kind of in the Trichoderma viride, candida utili.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, adopts the method for the invention, the discarded object Chinese medicine slag can be converted into protein feed, both reduced its pollution on the environment, can provide feed cheaply for livestock and poultry again.Having opened up new protein feed source, solved people and animals and striven the grain problem, is to utilize stalk to produce livestock and poultry protein feed another developing direction afterwards.
2, owing to still contain a small amount of Effective Components of Chinese Herb in the Chinese medicine slag, thus livestock and poultry edible after, have certain effect of preventing and curing diseases, improving the health.
3, the fermented bacterium that filters out is applicable to the fermentation of Chinese medicine slag, has effectively improved the protein content in the Chinese medicine slag, has reduced the content of cellulose in the Chinese medicine slag.Result of the test shows, the protein feed that adopts the method for the invention to produce, and the growth rate of protein can reach about 80%, and cellulosic degradation rate can reach about 40%.
4, processing step is simple, and the production cycle is shorter, helps suitability for industrialized production.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is that raw material is produced protein feed with selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag, and processing step is as follows successively:
(1) preliminary treatment of Chinese medicine slag
At first will wet selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag dried under normal pressure, 60 ℃, and the time is easy pulverizing state with Chinese medicine slag and exceeds, and dried Chinese medicine slag being crushed to granularity then is 1.0mm～2.0mm.
(2) batching and batch mixing
Prepared four groups of samples, each organizes the composed as follows of sample.
First group of sample: the mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 1, and the quality of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: pretreated selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag 100 grams, (NH
4)
2SO
44 grams, KH
2PO
40.6 gram, K
2HPO
40.6 gram; With (NH
4)
2SO
4, KH
2PO
4, K
2HPO
4Add in the entry and mix, and regulate pH with HCl or NaOH, the solution prepared and pretreated selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag are mixed again, the pH value of compound is controlled at 5.0.
Second group of sample: the mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 2, and the quality of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: pretreated selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag 100 grams, (NH
4)
2SO
42 grams, KH
2PO
40.5 gram, CaCl
20.2 gram; With (NH
4)
2SO
4, KH
2PO
4, CaCl
2Add in the entry and mix, and regulate pH with HCl or NaOH, the solution prepared and pretreated selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag are mixed again, the pH value of compound is controlled at 4.5.
The 3rd group of sample: the mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 3, and the quality of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: pretreated selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag 100 grams, urea 3 grams, K
2HPO
40.5 gram, NaCl 0.02 gram, MgSO
40.04 gram; With urea, K
2HPO
4, NaCl, MgSO
4Add in the entry and mix, and regulate pH with HCl or NaOH, the solution prepared and pretreated selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag are mixed again, the pH value of compound is controlled at 5.0.
The 4th group of sample: the mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 2, and the quality of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: pretreated selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag 100 grams, urea 3.5 grams, K
2HPO
40.5 gram, NaCl 0.04 gram, MgSO
40.02 gram; With urea, K
2HPO
4, NaCl, MgSO
4Add in the entry and mix, and regulate pH with HCl or NaOH, the solution prepared and pretreated selfheal and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag are mixed again, the pH value of compound is controlled at 6.0.
(3) sterilization
The sample of respectively organizing of step (2) preparation is carried out sterilization treatment, and autoclaving, steam pressure 1atm, 121 ℃ of temperature, 30 minutes time are adopted in sterilization.
(4) fermentation
Sample after the sterilization treatment is fermented, and each process conditions of organizing used bacterial classification of sample and fermentation is as follows.
First group of sample: used bacterial classification is mould 3.2774 (the Trichoderma koningii 3.2774) of healthy and free from worry wood, and bacterial classification is inoculated fermentation condition by 10% inoculum concentration: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃, and fermentation period is 7 days.
Second group of sample: used bacterial classification is mould 3.2774 (Trichoderma koningii 3.2774) of healthy and free from worry wood and candida utili 2.281 (Candida utilis 2.281), bacterial classification is inoculated by 20% inoculum concentration, the ratio of two kinds of bacterium is 1: 1, fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, temperature is 30 ℃, and fermentation period is 5 days.
The 3rd group of sample: used bacterial classification is Phanerochaete chrysosporium 5.776 (Phanerochaete chrysosporium5.776), bacterial classification is inoculated fermentation condition by 15% inoculum concentration: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 37 ℃, and fermentation period is 4 days.
The 4th group of sample: used bacterial classification is Phanerochaete chrysosporium 5.776 (Phanerochaete chrysosporium5.776) and candida utili 2.281 (Candida utilis 2.281), bacterial classification is inoculated by 20% inoculum concentration, the ratio of two kinds of bacterium is 1: 1, fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, temperature is 30 ℃, and fermentation period is 6 days.
(5) drying
Each is organized and dries the process conditions of oven dry respectively after the sample fermentation is finished: 60 ℃ of pressure normal pressure, temperature, water content＜10% of time with the solid-state protein feed exceeds.Each result of the test of organizing sample sees Table 1.
Table 1 is respectively organized the result of the test of sample
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment with honeysuckle rise with the mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag be that raw material is produced protein feed, processing step is as follows successively:
(1) preliminary treatment of Chinese medicine slag
Honeysuckle of at first will wetting rises with the mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag and dries under normal pressure, 45 ℃, and the time is easy pulverizing state with Chinese medicine slag and exceeds, and dried Chinese medicine slag being crushed to granularity then is 1.0mm～2.0mm.
(2) batching and batch mixing
Prepared one group of sample, sample composed as follows.
The mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 3, and the quality of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: pretreated honeysuckle rises and mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag 100 grams, urea 2.5 grams, K
2HPO
40.6 gram, CaCl
20.05 gram, MgSO
40.04 gram, NaCl 0.03 gram; With urea, K
2HPO
4, CaCl
2, MgSO
4, NaCl adds in the entry and mixes, and regulates pH with HCl or NaOH, the solution prepared and pretreated honeysuckle risen with the mother chrysanthemum Chinese medicine slag to mix again, the pH value of compound is controlled at 5.0.
(3) sterilization
The sample of respectively organizing of step (2) preparation is carried out sterilization treatment, and autoclaving, steam pressure 1atm, 121 ℃ of temperature, 30 minutes time are adopted in sterilization.
(4) fermentation
Sample after the sterilization treatment is fermented, and the process conditions of used bacterial classification and fermentation are as follows:
Used bacterial classification is Phanerochaete chrysosporium 5.776 (Phanerochaete chrysosporium 5.776), bacterial classification is inoculated fermentation condition by 15% inoculum concentration: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 37 ℃, and fermentation period is 5 days.
(5) drying
Dry the process conditions of oven dry respectively after the sample fermentation is finished: 60 ℃ of pressure normal pressure, temperature, water content＜10% of time with the solid-state protein feed exceeds.The result of the test of sample sees Table 2.
The result of the test of table 2 sample
| True albumen | Crude fibre | |||
| True protein content (%) | True albumen growth rate (%) | Crude fiber content (%) | Crude fibre degradation rate (%) | |
| Sample before the fermentation | 12.17 | 36.67 | ||
| The protein feed that sample is produced | 21.37 | 75.63 | 25.51 | 30.43 |
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is that raw material is produced protein feed with the mixing dregs of a decoction of kinds of traditional Chinese medicines, mix the dregs of a decoction and be made up of the dregs of a decoction of Chinese medicines such as cultivated land, the Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, the radix paeoniae rubrathe, river bow, radix bupleuri, Fructus Aurantii, river Niu Xi, the red sage root, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yun Ling, peach kernel, safflower, red raspberry, jujube kernel, polygala root, windproof, Radix Glycyrrhizae, processing step is as follows successively:
(1) preliminary treatment of Chinese medicine slag
At first wet mixing is closed Chinese medicine slag and dry under normal pressure, 60 ℃, the time is easy pulverizing state with Chinese medicine slag and exceeds, and dried Chinese medicine slag being crushed to granularity then is 1.0mm～2.0mm.
(2) batching and batch mixing
Prepared three groups of samples, each organizes the composed as follows of sample.
First group of sample: the mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 2, and the quality of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: pretreated kinds of traditional Chinese medicines is mixed the dregs of a decoction 100 grams, (NH
4)
2SO
42 grams, KH
2PO
40.8 gram; With (NH
4)
2SO
4, KH
2PO
4Add in the entry and mix, and regulate pH with HCl or NaOH, again the solution of being prepared is mixed the dregs of a decoction with pretreated kinds of traditional Chinese medicines and mix, the pH value of compound is controlled at 4.5.
Second group of sample: the mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 3, and the quality of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: pretreated kinds of traditional Chinese medicines is mixed the dregs of a decoction 100 grams, urea 3 grams, KH
2PO
40.25 gram, K
2HPO
40.45 gram, NaCl 0.05 gram, MgSO
40.06 gram; With urea, KH
2PO
4, K
2HPO
4, NaCl, MgSO
4Add in the entry and mix, and regulate pH with HCl or NaOH, again the solution of being prepared is mixed the dregs of a decoction with pretreated kinds of traditional Chinese medicines and mix, the pH value of compound is controlled at 5.5.
The 3rd group of sample: the mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 1, and the quality of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: pretreated kinds of traditional Chinese medicines is mixed the dregs of a decoction 100 grams, (NH
4)
2SO
44 grams, KH
2PO
40.3 gram, K
2HPO
40.3 gram; With (NH
4)
2SO
4, KH
2PO
4, K
2HPO
4Add in the entry and mix, and regulate pH with HCl or NaOH, again the solution of being prepared is mixed the dregs of a decoction with pretreated kinds of traditional Chinese medicines and mix, the pH value of compound is controlled at 5.0.
(3) sterilization
The sample of respectively organizing of step (2) preparation is carried out sterilization treatment, and autoclaving, steam pressure 1atm, 121 ℃ of temperature, 30 minutes time are adopted in sterilization.
(4) fermentation
Sample after the sterilization treatment is fermented, and each is organized the used bacterial classification of sample and is mould 3.2774 (the Trichoderma koningii 3.2774) of healthy and free from worry wood, and the process conditions of fermentation are as follows.
First group of sample: bacterial classification is inoculated fermentation condition by 20% inoculum concentration: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃, and fermentation period is 7 days.
Second group of sample: bacterial classification is inoculated fermentation condition by 15% inoculum concentration: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃, and fermentation period is 5 days.
The 3rd group of sample: bacterial classification is inoculated fermentation condition by 10% inoculum concentration: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃, and fermentation period is 6 days.
(5) drying
Each is organized and dries the process conditions of oven dry respectively after the sample fermentation is finished: 60 ℃ of pressure normal pressure, temperature, water content＜10% of time with the solid-state protein feed exceeds.Each result of the test of organizing sample sees Table 3.
Table 3 mixes the result of the test of Chinese medicine slag
| Project | True protein (%) | Protein growth rate (%) | Crude fibre | Crude fibre degradation rate (%) |
| Sample before the fermentation | 13.38 | 25.25 | ||
| First group of protein feed that sample is produced | 19.02 | 42.20 | 18.80 | 25.56 |
| Second group of protein feed that sample is produced | 20.61 | 54.00 | 19.66 | 22.15 |
| The 3rd group of protein feed that sample is produced | 21.92 | 63.79 | 18.88 | 25.21 |
Claims (9)
1, a kind of method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag is characterized in that processing step is as follows successively:
(1) preliminary treatment of Chinese medicine slag
At first Chinese medicine slag is carried out drying, make it be easy pulverizing state, dried Chinese medicine slag being crushed to granularity then is 1.0mm～2.0mm;
(2) batching and batch mixing
The mass ratio of solid matter and water is 1: 1～1: 3, and the mass fraction of the contained component of solid matter and each component is: 100 parts of pretreated Chinese medicine slags, 2 parts～4 parts in nitrogenous source, 0.5 part～1.2 parts in phosphorus source;
Nitrogenous source, phosphorus source added in the entry mix, solution and the pretreated Chinese medicine slag of being prepared mixed again, the pH value of compound is controlled at 4.5～6.0;
(3) sterilization
The compound of step (2) preparation is carried out sterilization treatment, and autoclaving is adopted in sterilization, steam pressure 1atm, and 121 ℃ of temperature, the time was at least 30 minutes;
(4) fermentation
Compound after the sterilization treatment is fermented, and bacterial classification is inoculated by 10%～20% inoculum concentration, fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃～37 ℃, and fermentation period is 4 days～7 days;
(5) drying
Carry out drying after fermentation is finished, promptly obtain the solid-state protein feed.
2, method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1 is added mineral element addition of C aCl when it is characterized in that preparing burden
2Or/and NaCl is or/and MgSO
4, CaCl
2Addition be 0.05%～0.2% of Chinese medicine slag quality, the addition of NaCl is 0.02%～0.07% of a Chinese medicine slag quality, MgSO
4Addition be 0.02%～0.07% of Chinese medicine slag quality.
3, method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1 and 2, used nitrogenous source is (NH when it is characterized in that preparing burden
4)
2SO
4Or urea.
4, method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1 and 2, used phosphorus source is KH when it is characterized in that preparing burden
2PO
4Or/and K
2HPO
4
5, method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag according to claim 3, used phosphorus source is KH when it is characterized in that preparing burden
2PO
4Or/and K
2HPO
4
6, method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1 and 2, when it is characterized in that fermenting, used bacterial classification is at least that Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, a kind of in the Trichoderma viride, candida utili.
7, method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag according to claim 3, when it is characterized in that fermenting, used bacterial classification is at least that Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, a kind of in the Trichoderma viride, candida utili.
8, method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag according to claim 4, when it is characterized in that fermenting, used bacterial classification is at least that Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, a kind of in the Trichoderma viride, candida utili.
9, method of producing protein feed with Chinese medicine slag according to claim 5, when it is characterized in that fermenting, used bacterial classification is at least that Phanerochaete chrysosporium, healthy and free from worry wood are mould, a kind of in the Trichoderma viride, candida utili.
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