CN102894182A - Method for producing biological feed by utilizing fermentation of dwarf lilyturf tuber dregs - Google Patents
Method for producing biological feed by utilizing fermentation of dwarf lilyturf tuber dregs Download PDFInfo
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- CN102894182A CN102894182A CN2012104321267A CN201210432126A CN102894182A CN 102894182 A CN102894182 A CN 102894182A CN 2012104321267 A CN2012104321267 A CN 2012104321267A CN 201210432126 A CN201210432126 A CN 201210432126A CN 102894182 A CN102894182 A CN 102894182A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a biological feed by utilizing the fermentation of dwarf lilyturf tuber dregs. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) drying the dwarf lilyturf tuber dregs, crushing, sieving, and performing pretreatment by a chemical method or a physical method; (2) mixing the pretreated dwarf lilyturf tuber dregs, bran, water and a nitrogen source uniformly in a certain ratio; (3) performing steam sterilizing on uniformly-mixed materials; (4) inoculating mycetes and saccharomycetes on the sterilized materials to perform the solid state fermentation of mixed bacteria; and (5) drying a fermentation culture to obtain the biological feed. By the method, the lilyturf tuber dregs can be changed into a biological feed product, so that the production cost of the feed is reduced, a novel feed product which can prevent diseases and does not contain antibiotics is provided for breeding industry, and the method has good economic, social and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical field
Invention belongs to trade waste resource field, relates to a kind of method that the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, the slag solid state fermentation was produced biological feedstuff of utilizing.
Background technology
Utilizing the abandoned biomass resource fermenting and producing single cell proteins such as agricultural wastes, forestry waste, industrial dreg is the focus of current research exploitation.Solid state fermentation has that technique is simple, energy consumption is low, pollution is light, equipment investment is few, the productive rate advantages of higher, is subject to many researchers and the producer's favor in the biomass conversion field.
Be the liliaceous plant dried root of the tuber of dwarf lilyturf tuber of dwarf lilyturf.Be one of traditional enriching yin Chinese medicine the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, sweet, the little hardship of its flavor, and cold nature, the thoughts of returning home, lung, stomach warp have nourishing Yin and promoting production of body fluid, and the effect that moistening lung clears away heart-fire is used for that dryness of the lung dry cough, consumptive disease cough, thirsty, the vexed insomnia of Tianjin wound, interior heat are quenched one's thirst, the dry constipation of intestines, pharyngeal diphtheria.The tuber of dwarf lilyturf, main chemical compositions was steroid saponin, homoisoflavone class, phenolic acid, polysaccharide etc.Modern pharmacology studies show that, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidant, the anti-ageing and effect such as resist myocardial ischemia of the tool tuber of dwarf lilyturf.The slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the effective component extracting is abandoned as discarded object usually, and its technology of carrying out recycling is also more rare.Published technology mainly is that used as feed addictive the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, and result of study confirms that the interpolation composition tuber of dwarf lilyturf can effectively be prevented and treated immunity, the opposing epidemic disease of livestock and poultry asthma, enhancing animal body in mixed feed.Except residual have part medicinal component in the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind effective component extracting, also contain the nutriments such as crude fibre, polysaccharide, amino acid and various trace elements, utilize the microorganism Substance Transformations such as crude fibre that it is contained to be protein, just can improve the protein content of the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf, obtain a kind of new bio feed product.Do like this complete utilization that not only can realize the medicinal plant biomass, and offset except environmental pollution, it is significant to reduce the production of fodder cost, and this new bio feed also has prophylactic effect simultaneously.
In order to realize the contained coarse-fibred Efficient Conversion of the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf, the key technical problem that needs to solve has two: the first need to adopt suitable method to the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag raw material carry out preliminary treatment.Because the contained lignin of the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf and hemicellulose Existential Space Effects, add cellulose itself and have certain degree of crystallinity and the degree of polymerization, the comprehensive function of these two factors is available glucose with cellulose hydrolysis so that the intermolecular affinity of cellulose and enzyme reduces greatly thereby affect cellulase effectively.Therefore, utilize native cellulose class raw material of substance fermentation to produce biological feed just must carry out preliminary treatment to raw material; It two is need to select suitable bacterial classification or strain combination to be used for the fermentation conversion process of the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf.Different microorganism fungus kinds or strain combination himself protein content, the adaptive capacity of fermentation substrate, the ability of cellulase-producing are had larger difference, therefore, need to select suitable bacterial classification or strain combination to be used for the fermentation slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf and produce biological feedstuff.
At present, in the research of the abandoned biomass raw material being carried out solid state fermentation production biological feedstuff, fermentation mode adopts mixed fungus fermentation usually, do like this that on the one hand can to overcome the single culture enzyme be incomplete defective, slow down or avoid the impact of feedback inhibition in the sweat, can bring into play on the other hand concertedness and complementarity between the multiple-microorganism.The strain combination that is usually used in mixed cooperative fermentation to produce biological feed comprises yeast and mold.In the mixed fungus fermentation system that mould/saccharomycete forms, mould can produce the powerful enzyme system of multiple vigor, ability with the large molecule compounded carbons of catalyzing hydrolysis, the polysaccharide such as cellulose can be degraded to the simple glucide of little molecule that saccharomycete can directly utilize, make yeast be able to good growth and breeding.Compare with other fungi, saccharomycete contains rich in protein, nucleic acid, vitamin and multiple enzyme, has the function that strengthens animal immunizing power, increases feed palatability and raising livestock and poultry digestion power.The mutualism relation that exists between each bacterial strain of cooperative fermentation can promote the conversion of insoluble carbon source in the fermentation substrate, reaches the purpose of rich protein and raising feed quality.
To sum up, the present invention adopts advanced mixed culture solid state fermentation technology, utilizes the composite microbial objects system that jointly is comprised of yeast and mold, with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag be converted into the new bio feed, greatly improved nutritive value and the palatability of tunning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, the slag solid state fermentation was produced biological feedstuff of utilizing.The method of utilizing slag solid state fermentation production tuber of dwarf lilyturf biological feedstuff of the present invention, its processing step is as follows successively:
1, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag preliminary treatment
With crushing screening after the slag oven dry tuber of dwarf lilyturf, select the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf of particle diameter 0.1-0.5mm to carry out preliminary treatment, the concrete technology of various different pretreatments methods is as follows:
Acid treatment: be the 1-5%(mass ratio with concentration with the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening) sulfuric acid solution mixes by the mass ratio of 1:3-1:6, stirs, and normal pressure boiling reflux 1.5-2.5 hour, suction filtration is washed to filtrate and is neutral, then with the filter residue dry for standby.
Alkali treatment: be the 1.5-2.5%(mass ratio with concentration with the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening) sodium hydroxide solution mixes according to the mass ratio of 1:4-1:6, stirs, and room temperature was placed 24 hours, and suction filtration is washed to filtrate and is neutral, then with the filter residue dry for standby.
High steam is processed: with the pressure reactor of packing into of the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening, then pass into high-pressure water vapor, at 20-30kgf/cm
2, kept 5-10 minute under 190 ℃ of-210 ℃ of conditions, explosive decompression is to normal pressure, with for subsequent use after the slag oven dry tuber of dwarf lilyturf subsequently.
The tuber of dwarf lilyturf, slag can adopt any the carrying out in above-mentioned three kinds of preprocess methods to be used further to the subsequent technique process after the preliminary treatment.
2, batching and batch mixing
To mix through pretreated tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag, wheat bran, an amount of nitrogenous source and water, concrete batching mode is as follows:
Get pretreated tuber of dwarf lilyturf of 100 parts of slags, wheat bran 15-25 part, nitrogenous source 3-5 part, first nitrogenous source being added to the water during batching mixes, again with the solution prepared and the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag, wheat bran mix.The mass ratio of solid material and water is 1:1.5-1:2.5 in the fermentation raw material for preparing.
3, sterilization
Adopt autoclaving to carry out sterilization treatment compound: steam pressure 1atm, 121 ℃ of temperature, the time is at least 30 minutes.
4, fermentation
Compound after the sterilization treatment is carried out mixed fungus fermentation, and bacterial classification is inoculated by the inoculum concentration of 10%-20%, fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 28 ℃-32 ℃, and fermentation period is 5 days-7 days.
5, drying
To just obtain the biological feedstuff product after the fermentation culture medium oven dry after the fermentation ends.
In the described method, used nitrogenous source is ammonium sulfate or urea during batching.
In the described method, use at least a kind of mould and a Yeasts when fermenting in the step 4.
In the described method, the mould of using in the step 4 as trichoderma pseudokiningii (
Trichoderma pseudokoningii3.3002), aspergillus niger (
Aspergillus niger3.6249) in one or both.
In the described method, the saccharomycete that uses in the step 4 as candida utili (
Candida utilis2.1012), candida tropicalis (
Candida tropicalis2.637), saccharomyces cerevisiae (
Saccharomyces cerevisiae2.1793), Hansenula anomala (
Pichia anomala2.795) in one or more.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, adopts the method for the invention, the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf can be converted into biological feedstuff, both can alleviate its pollution on the environment, can reduce again the cost of production of fodder, have preferably economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit.
2, biological feedstuff provided by the present invention contains abundant feeding enzyme, and such as cellulase, zytase etc., protein content is higher, and the amino acid A wide selection of colours and designs is nutritious.
3, biological feedstuff provided by the present invention contains the multiple innate immunity factor and the bioactivators such as abundant B family vitamin, steroid saponin, homoisoflavone class, phenolic acid, polysaccharide, has prophylactic function.
4, biological feedstuff provided by the present invention does not contain antibiotic, helps to realize green cultivation.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1 present embodiment take the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag as raw material, aspergillus niger (
Aspergillus niger3.6249)/candida tropicalis (
Candida tropicalis2.637) for carrying out mixed culture solid state fermentation, bacterial classification produces biological feedstuff.Concrete steps are as follows:
1, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag preliminary treatment
At first with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag under normal pressure, 60 ℃, dry with baking oven, the time with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf dregs of a decoction be easy pulverizing state and be limited.With dried tuber of dwarf lilyturf of slag grinding and sieving, select the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf of particle diameter 0.2-0.3mm to carry out acid treatment: to be the 2%(mass ratio with the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening with concentration) sulfuric acid solution mix by the mass ratio of 1:4, stir, normal pressure boiling reflux 2 hours, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate and be neutral, then with the filter residue dry for standby.
2, batching and batch mixing
First 4g ammonium sulfate is joined in the 260g water, mix, and then this solution and the pretreated 100g of the process slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 20g wheat bran are mixed.
3, sterilization
Adopt autoclaving to carry out sterilization treatment compound: steam pressure 1atm, 121 ℃ of temperature, the time is at least 30 minutes.
4, fermentation
Adopt asynchronous vaccination ways to ferment, access first in the compound after sterilization treatment aspergillus niger (
Aspergillus niger3.6249), ferment access again after 24 hours candida tropicalis (
Candida tropicalis2.637) ferment, the inoculation of Molds and yeasts is than being 1:2, and total inoculum concentration is 10%, and fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃, fermentation period is 6 days.
5, drying
After the fermentation ends fermentation culture medium is just obtained the biological feedstuff product through baking oven after normal pressure, 60 ℃ of dryings.
Embodiment 2 present embodiments take the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag as raw material, trichoderma pseudokiningii (
Trichoderma pseudokoningii3.3002)/candida utili (
Candida utilis2.1012) for carrying out mixed culture solid state fermentation, bacterial classification produces biological feedstuff.Concrete steps are as follows:
1, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag preliminary treatment
At first with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag under normal pressure, 60 ℃, dry with baking oven, the time with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf dregs of a decoction be easy pulverizing state and be limited.With dried tuber of dwarf lilyturf of slag grinding and sieving, select the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf of particle diameter 0.2-0.4mm to carry out alkali treatment: to be the 2%(mass ratio with the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening with concentration) sodium hydroxide solution mix according to the mass ratio of 1:5, stir, room temperature was placed 24 hours, suction filtration, be washed to filtrate and be neutral, then with the filter residue dry for standby.
2, batching and batch mixing
First 3.8g urea is joined in the 250g water, mix, and then this solution and the pretreated 100g of the process slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 15g wheat bran are mixed.
3, sterilization
Adopt autoclaving to carry out sterilization treatment compound: steam pressure 1atm, 121 ℃ of temperature, the time is at least 30 minutes.
4, fermentation
Adopt asynchronous vaccination ways to ferment, access in the compound after sterilization treatment first trichoderma pseudokiningii (
Trichoderma pseudokoningii3.3002), then fermentation access again after 24 hours candida utili (
Candida utilis2.1012) ferment, the inoculation of Molds and yeasts is than being 1:1, and total inoculum concentration is 15%, and fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃, fermentation period is 6.5 days.
5, drying
After the fermentation ends fermentation culture medium is just obtained the biological feedstuff product through baking oven after normal pressure, 60 ℃ of dryings.
Embodiment 3 present embodiments take the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag as raw material, aspergillus niger (
Aspergillus niger3.6249)/trichoderma pseudokiningii (
Trichoderma pseudokoningii3.3002)/saccharomyces cerevisiae (
Saccharomyces cerevisiae2.1793) for carrying out mixed culture solid state fermentation, bacterial classification produces protein feed.Concrete steps are as follows:
1, the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag preliminary treatment
At first with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag under normal pressure, 60 ℃, dry with baking oven, the time with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf dregs of a decoction be easy pulverizing state and be limited.With dried tuber of dwarf lilyturf of slag grinding and sieving, select the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf of particle diameter 0.1-0.2mm to carry out high steam and process: with the pressure reactor of packing into of the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening, then pass into high-pressure water vapor, at 25kgf/cm
2, kept 8 minutes under 200 ℃ of conditions, then explosive decompression is to normal pressure, with for subsequent use after the slag oven dry tuber of dwarf lilyturf.
2, batching and batch mixing
First 3.5g ammonium sulfate is joined in the 280g water, mix, and then this solution and the pretreated 100g of the process slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf, 25g wheat bran are mixed.
3, sterilization
Adopt autoclaving to carry out sterilization treatment compound: steam pressure 1atm, 121 ℃ of temperature, the time is at least 30 minutes.
4, fermentation
Adopt asynchronous vaccination ways to ferment, access in the compound after sterilization treatment first aspergillus niger (
Aspergillus niger3.6249) and trichoderma pseudokiningii (
Trichoderma pseudokoningii3.3002), then fermentation access again after 24 hours saccharomyces cerevisiae (
Saccharomyces cerevisiae2.1793) ferment, the inoculation of aspergillus niger, trichoderma pseudokiningii and saccharomyces cerevisiae is than being 1:1:2, and total inoculum concentration is 20%, and fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 30 ℃, fermentation period is 7 days.
5, drying
After the fermentation ends fermentation culture medium is just obtained the biological feedstuff product through baking oven after normal pressure, 60 ℃ of dryings.
Claims (5)
- One kind take the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag as raw material, by the method that solid-state fermentation process is produced biological feedstuff, its concrete technology feature is as follows:(1) tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag preliminary treatmentWith crushing screening after the slag oven dry tuber of dwarf lilyturf, select the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf of particle diameter 0.1-0.5mm to carry out preliminary treatment, various preprocess method concrete technology is as follows:Acid treatment: be the 1-5%(mass ratio with concentration with the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening) sulfuric acid solution mixes by the mass ratio of 1:3-1:6, stirs, and normal pressure boiling reflux 1.5-2.5 hour, suction filtration is washed to filtrate and is neutral, then with the filter residue dry for standby;Alkali treatment: be the 1.5-2.5%(mass ratio with concentration with the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening) sodium hydroxide solution mixes according to the mass ratio of 1:4-1:6, stirs, and room temperature was placed 24 hours, and suction filtration is washed to filtrate and is neutral, then with the filter residue dry for standby;High steam is processed: with the pressure reactor of packing into of the slag tuber of dwarf lilyturf behind the crushing screening, then pass into high-pressure water vapor, at 20-30kgf/cm 2, kept 5-10 minute under 190 ℃ of-210 ℃ of conditions, explosive decompression is to normal pressure, with for subsequent use after the slag oven dry tuber of dwarf lilyturf subsequently;The tuber of dwarf lilyturf, slag can adopt any the carrying out in above-mentioned three kinds of preprocess methods to be used further to the subsequent technique process after the preliminary treatment;(2) batching and batch mixingTo mix through pretreated tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag, wheat bran, an amount of nitrogenous source and water, concrete batching mode is as follows:Get pretreated tuber of dwarf lilyturf of 100 parts of slags, wheat bran 15-25 part, nitrogenous source 3-5 part, first nitrogenous source being added to the water during batching mixes, again with the solution prepared and the tuber of dwarf lilyturf slag, wheat bran mix, the mass ratio of solid material and water is 1:1.5-1:2.5 in the compound for preparing;(3) sterilizationAdopt autoclaving to carry out sterilization treatment compound: steam pressure 1atm, 121 ℃ of temperature, the time is at least 30 minutes;(4) fermentationCompound after the sterilization treatment is carried out mixed fungus fermentation, and bacterial classification is inoculated by the inoculum concentration of 10%-20%, fermentation condition: pressure is normal pressure, and temperature is 28 ℃-32 ℃, and fermentation period is 5 days-7 days;(5) dryingTo just obtain the biological feedstuff product after the tunning oven dry after the fermentation ends.
- 2. method according to claim 1, used nitrogenous source is ammonium sulfate or urea when it is characterized in that preparing burden.
- 3. method according to claim 1, the mould of using when it is characterized in that fermenting as trichoderma pseudokiningii ( Trichoderma pseudokoningii3.3002), aspergillus niger ( Aspergillus niger3.6249) in one or both.
- 4. method according to claim 1, the saccharomycete that uses during fermentation as candida utili ( Candida utilis2.1012), candida tropicalis ( Candida tropicalis2.637), saccharomyces cerevisiae ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae2.1793), Hansenula anomala ( Pichia anomala2.795) in one or more.
- 5. the biological feedstuff that obtains of the described method of one of claim 1-4.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104996729A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江科技学院 | Comprehensive utilization technology of radix ophiopogonis decoction dregs |
| CN105028908A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-11 | 新疆石河子职业技术学院 | Licorice root residue protein feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105432971A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-30 | 成都信息工程大学 | Method for producing antibiotic-free feed additive from dwarf lilyturf tuber residues |
| CN108850572A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-23 | 武宣县科学技术情报研究所 | It is a kind of without shy taste feed for goat and preparation method thereof |
| CN113333361A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-03 | 四川智献新能源科技有限公司 | A dwarf lilyturf seedling belt cleaning device for dwarf lilyturf seedling fermentation fodder |
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| CN104996729A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江科技学院 | Comprehensive utilization technology of radix ophiopogonis decoction dregs |
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| CN113333361A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-03 | 四川智献新能源科技有限公司 | A dwarf lilyturf seedling belt cleaning device for dwarf lilyturf seedling fermentation fodder |
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Application publication date: 20130130 |