CN1902792A - Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof - Google Patents

Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1902792A
CN1902792A CNA2004800375469A CN200480037546A CN1902792A CN 1902792 A CN1902792 A CN 1902792A CN A2004800375469 A CNA2004800375469 A CN A2004800375469A CN 200480037546 A CN200480037546 A CN 200480037546A CN 1902792 A CN1902792 A CN 1902792A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
metal
carbon brush
another kind
parent
matrix
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA2004800375469A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
G·巴豪尔
C·贝特格尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoffmann and Co Elektrokohle AG
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Hoffmann and Co Elektrokohle AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoffmann and Co Elektrokohle AG filed Critical Hoffmann and Co Elektrokohle AG
Publication of CN1902792A publication Critical patent/CN1902792A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/39—Brush holders wherein the brush is fixedly mounted in the holder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a carbon brush comprising a base body produced from a carbon material by pressing and optionally sintering, and a layer consisting of a metallic material and applied to an outer surface of the base body by pressing and optionally sintering. The metallic layer can be connected to the metallic carrier by welding or soldering.

Description

The method of carbon brush and manufacturing thereof and material
The carbon brush that is used for motor or generator must be fixed on strutting piece, and strutting piece is used for guaranteeing contact pressure necessary on rectifier or the analog, and realization and the carbon brush corresponding pursuit movement that weares and teares.Leaf spring is because the support that it is simple, cheapness and lightweight are particularly suitable as carbon brush, except support and the function of guiding, leaf spring can also be born the function of current delivery.But proposed carbon brush is fixed on problem on the leaf spring, guaranteed mechanical strength necessary in the continuous operation on the one hand, guaranteed the transmission of big electric current on the other hand.
A kind of carbon brush as described in the preamble according to claim 1 is disclosed in DE 102 07 406 A1, it is fixed on the leaf spring as support by melting welding or soldering, and for this purpose, will with zinc-plated, nickel plating on the face that support is connected or metal cladding otherwise.
Disclose a kind of carbon brush that is used for the petrol pump motor in DE 40 40 002 A1, this carbon brush is soldered on the leaf spring as support, and for this purpose, but one deck is arranged by the copper layer be plated in the brazing layer that the tin layer on this copper layer constitutes.Set up soldering or melting welding that long-term work is had enough machinery, heat and an electric loading ability between carbon brush and the leaf spring and be connected but method by this plating or the metal level that plates by plating usually are difficult in.Particularly the stress compensation between carbon brush and the leaf spring can have problems owing to the different of modulus of elasticity and thermal coefficient of expansion.
Known by DE 24 44 957 A1, by Powdered carbonaceous material layer and metal powder layer co-extruded, but but heat-treat then and make the carbon brush that has metal level a kind of soldering or melting welding.Metal dust comprises copper.
Known by US 3 601 645 A1, be used for the powdery metal-material with carbon element of matrix and metal dust by extruding and sintering and make and a kind ofly have the matrix and inseparable the turning up the soil of one deck of being made by metal and material with carbon element and be connected the contact brush of the metal level on the described matrix, wherein metal level can comprise copper, iron or alloy.
Known by DE 32 17 217 C2, make a kind of contact brush by the carbon fiber bundle of extrusion metal coating, wherein the coat of metal of carbon fiber can comprise copper, aluminium, tin, iron or their alloy.
Task of the present invention provide a kind of carbon brush with and manufacture method and material.Realized being connected of simple with leaf spring, high machinery and electric loading ability.
The solution of this task provides in the claims.
The present invention is described in detail by means of embodiment below.
Consider that from commercial interest people like carbon brush and leaf spring are welded together,, can transmit high electric current more than the 15A by this connection because can realize a kind of like this connection thus.Originally can realize this motor configuration form with the version of this cheapness, this motor configuration form since its locking test or in continuous operation aspect the current strength too high requirement all can not make up to now with this scheme.The carbon brush of such motor-wherein also must transmit high electric current-for example be the servo drive in the motor vehicles, as the drive unit of glass regulator, seat regulator, sliding top skylight, mirror adjustment mechanism etc. under the less situation of size.
According to the present invention, a kind of carbon brush is provided, it is except the common single or multiple lift matrix of being made by extruding and sintered carbon material, also has one deck metal material skin at least, but this skin is guaranteed the heat sealability or the braze ability of carbon brush, and wherein this layer metal level also made with sintering by extruding and be connected with matrix.
For melting welding or soldering carbon brush, must use suitable fusion welding method (for example ultrasonic bond, Laser Welding or similar approach) or method for welding, and in addition, but in order to make the carbon brush that has one deck weld metal layers, must use a kind of material, this material is connected on the material with carbon element of carbon brush matrix in powder metallurgy processing on the one hand well, can use melting welding well of institute's choosing method or soldering on the other hand.We find that fine copper and its alloy and iron or the steel capital are not suitable for, because the material with carbon element of their thermal coefficient of expansion and modulus of elasticity and those carbon brush matrixes in sintering method is inconsistent.The material with carbon element materials similar with the carbon brush matrix can not be used,, them can not be welded because the inside comprises the graphite composition.
According to the present invention, we find by component A, extending and low-melting B component and in case of necessity other metal material that adds a kind of mixture of powders form that material C makes satisfy two necessary conditions simultaneously, promptly be connected well with the functional material with carbon element of carbon brush matrix with sintering by extruding on the one hand, good heat sealability or braze ability are arranged on the other hand.
According to the present invention, component A has constituted the major part of material, preferably surpasses 80% of material, and preferably include copper or a kind of for example with the copper alloy of tin, zinc, nickel or silver.It preferably has the average diameter D of 15 to 25 μ m in powder morphology 50
B component is a kind ofly than component A more high ductibility and more low-melting additional metal to be arranged.Its fusing point is preferably 400 ℃ or lower, and fracture elongation is 5% or higher.B component preferably include tin or a kind of tin for example with copper, silver, antimony, zinc, gallium, indium, bismuth or plumbous alloy.Metal component B also can comprise indium and/or bismuth or with the alloy of indium or bismuth.In the whole mixture of powders of material, the mass percent of B component is preferably between 1.5 to 15%.The mean particle size D of additional metal B 50Preferably be between 15 to the 35 μ m.
In addition, material preferably includes the nonmetal organic and/or inorganic additive C of one or more powder morphologies.For example consider stearate, graphite, talcum, carborundum or aluminium oxide as this additive.Their mean particle size D 50Preferably be no more than 20 μ m.
A kind of preferred example of this material component is (a describing mass percentage):
A:92% copper (D 5015-25 μ m)
B:7.5% tin (D 5015-55 μ m)
C:0.5% graphite (D 50≤ 20 μ m)
Described material can carry out powder metallurgy without a doubt by extruding and sintering to be processed, and is bonded to admirably and forms one deck on the functional layer of carbon brush (matrix) and have the fabulous melting welding and the metal level of brazing property.Proved already that in extruding and sintering process, low melting point and ductile metal B were wetting parent metal A, but do not have or be diffused among the parent metal A with being small degree.
Guaranteed thus that behind sintering the great majority of metal B or enough at least parts do not become alloy with metal A, but are in pure form, have realized the desirable ductility of metal level thus.Because the ductility of material, realized carbon brush and welding metal level (2) matrix 1 and and the leaf spring that welds together of metal level (2) between stress compensation.
In other words, in the sintered metal layer of making by extruding and sintering 2, the major part at least of parent metal A and another metal B has constituted two kinds of metals that separate mutually, be in the same place though these two kinds of metals are connected to each other with sintering intimately by extruding mutually, do not form alloy each other basically.
Preferably heat-treat, just with metal level at the fusing point that is lower than parent metal A but be higher than under the temperature of another metal B fusing point and carry out sintering.Here preferably a kind of liquid-phase sintering, wherein another metal B is in liquid phase, but parent metal A is in Powdered solid phase on the contrary.If parent metal A is that copper and another metal B are tin, sintering temperature is preferably in 400 to 500 ℃ the scope preferably in 300 to 700 ℃ scope so.
In sintering process, metal B can wetting nonmetal organic or inorganic addition of C, has prevented the undesirable big diffusion of metal B in the parent metal A thus.
Accompanying drawing shows the schematic diagram that is welded to the carbon brush on the leaf spring by of the present invention.
Carbon brush has a matrix 1, and it generally makes single or multiple lift by extruding and heat treatment (sintering) by the conventional material with carbon element that is used for carbon brush, particularly a kind of graphite mixture with additive.The metal level of melting welding well or soldering (2) is connected with matrix 1, and metal level 2 and is connected with matrix 1 inseparable turning up the soil equally by extruding and made by pulverulent material of the present invention by above-mentioned by sintering in case of necessity.But matrix 1 and weld metal layers 2 can be made by extruding and sintering and interconnect simultaneously, and perhaps matrix 1 can be prefabricated, and afterwards by pushing and the sintering welding metal level 2 that on matrix, is shaped.
Metal level 2 that can good welds has been realized whole carbon brush is fixed by welding on the leaf spring 3, for example by solder joint 4 or for example by continuous weld seam.
The thickness of sintered metal layer 2 will satisfy for be connected the requirement of selected melting welding or method for welding with leaf spring 3.The thickness of metal level 2 preferably arrives in the scope of 5mm 0.2.Be connected for the soldering with leaf spring 2, the thickness that allows metal level 2 usually arrives in the scope of 0.5mm just enough less than 1mm especially 0.2.Connect for melting welding, the preferred usually thickness of 1mm at least for example arrives in the scope of 4mm 2.

Claims (14)

1. carbon brush, have a matrix of making by material with carbon element (1) and one deck and be plated in metal level (2) on the outer surface of matrix, this metal level (2) can be connected with metallic support by melting welding or soldering, wherein metal level (2) is also made by sintering by extruding where necessary by metal dust, and by extruding and where necessary by the inseparable layer of turning up the soil and being connected of sintering with matrix (1), it is characterized in that: metal level (2) comprise a kind of parent metal (A) and at least another kind have metal (B) than higher ductility of parent metal (A) and lower fusing point, wherein another kind of metal (B) at least mainly exists mutually as a kind of metal that separates with parent metal (A), and also closely be connected with parent metal (A) by sintering where necessary by extruding, but substantially form alloy with parent metal (A).
2. by the described carbon brush of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described another kind of metal (B) is chosen such that it is wetting parent metal (A) in the liquid phase of sintering temperature, but does not diffuse in the described parent metal, perhaps just diffusion slightly.
3. by claim 1 or 2 described carbon brush, it is characterized in that: described another kind of metal (B) comprises tin, indium or bismuth or their alloy.
4. by the described carbon brush of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described another kind of metal (B) has fusing point that is no more than 400 ℃ and the fracture elongation that is not less than 5%.
5. by each described carbon brush in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: described another kind of metal (B) in metal level (2) shared mass percent between 1.5 to 15.
6. by each described carbon brush in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described metal level (2) also comprises a kind of nonmetal organic and/or additive (C) that inorganic material is made in addition.
7. by the described carbon brush of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described non-metallic additive (C) comprises stearate, graphite, talcum, carborundum or aluminium oxide.
8. by each described carbon brush in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the metal level of described carbon brush (2) is connected with metallic support (3) by melting welding or soldering.
9. by the described carbon brush of claim 8, it is characterized in that: described support is leaf spring (3).
But but 10. be used to make the melting welding of carbon brush and/or the material of brazing layer, comprise a kind of Powdered major metal (A), particularly copper or copper alloy and a kind of mixture of powders that has than the Powdered interpolation metal (B) of high ductility of major metal and the fusing point lower of comprising than major metal, wherein major metal (A) is a copper or an Albatra metal-, and adding metal (B) is tin, indium or bismuth or their alloy.
11. by the described material of claim 10, it is characterized in that: described material comprises a kind of Powdered additive (C) of nonmetal organic and/or inorganic material.
12. by claim 10 or 11 described materials, it is characterized in that: described interpolation metal (B) in mixture of powders shared percent by volume between 1.5 to 15.
13. be used to make the matrix that comprises material with carbon element with the method for the carbon brush of the inseparable metal level that is connected of turning up the soil of matrix, may further comprise the steps:
A) make matrix by extruding and agglomerated powder powder carbonaceous material;
B) with the step a) while or after step a): make metal level by extruding and agglomerated powder powder metal material, wherein metal level is connected with matrix with inseparable the turning up the soil of sintering by extruding;
C) wherein the powdery metal material comprises the mixture of being made up of a kind of Powdered parent metal A and the another kind of at least powdery metal B that has than higher ductility of parent metal A and lower fusing point;
D) wherein said another kind of metal B and sintering temperature are to select like this, make that another kind of metal is in liquid phase in sintering process, and it is wetting parent metal A, but therefore indiffusion or just be diffused into slightly among the parent metal A exists mainly as the metal that separates with parent metal A and do not form alloy with parent metal basically at least mutually at another kind of metal B described in the metal level.
14. by the described method of claim 13, it is characterized in that: described major metal A comprises copper or copper alloy, described another kind of metal B comprises tin, indium or bismuth or their alloy.
CNA2004800375469A 2003-12-19 2004-12-14 Carbon brush and method and material for the production thereof Pending CN1902792A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10359896.0 2003-12-19
DE10359896A DE10359896A1 (en) 2003-12-19 2003-12-19 Carbon brush and method and material for their production

Publications (1)

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CN1902792A true CN1902792A (en) 2007-01-24

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Country Status (8)

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US (1) US20060260436A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1702390B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007515146A (en)
CN (1) CN1902792A (en)
AT (1) ATE380408T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10359896A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2297520T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2005064756A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103718393A (en) * 2011-03-30 2014-04-09 贺利氏材料工艺有限责任两合公司 Resilient sliding contact and method for the production thereof
CN106329286A (en) * 2015-07-01 2017-01-11 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 Preparation method of motor train unit earth return brush
CN109244686A (en) * 2018-07-26 2019-01-18 合德华厦安防科技有限公司 A kind of plug and preparation method thereof for earthed system
CN110679044A (en) * 2017-06-01 2020-01-10 申克碳素技术有限责任公司 Discharge device for discharging current

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006051678A1 (en) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-15 Schunk Modultechnik Gmbh Sliding contact i.e. carbon brush, has two layers e.g. sliding surface-sided running layer and sliding surface lying layer, with surfaces turned towards each other, where lying layer consists of resistor material with resistance process
JP2008118831A (en) 2006-11-08 2008-05-22 Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd Metal graphite brush
DE102007026265B4 (en) 2007-06-05 2014-04-10 Gerhard Präzisionspresstechnik GmbH carbon brush
DE102008059478B4 (en) * 2008-11-28 2015-07-30 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Carbon brush for the transmission of high currents
JP5509199B2 (en) * 2009-04-28 2014-06-04 大豊工業株式会社 Lead-free copper-based sintered sliding material and sliding parts
FR2972082B1 (en) 2011-02-28 2013-03-29 Mersen France Amiens Sas CONTACT BROOM
WO2023086436A1 (en) * 2021-11-10 2023-05-19 National Electrical Carbon Products, Inc. Carbon brush

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GB1259454A (en) * 1968-05-23 1972-01-05
DE2444957C2 (en) * 1974-09-20 1982-08-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Process for the production of a composite material from carbonaceous powder and metal powder
JPS57185685A (en) * 1981-05-09 1982-11-15 Toho Beslon Co Brush for electric machine and method of producing same
ATE123360T1 (en) * 1991-07-22 1995-06-15 Carbone Ag SLIDING CONTACT PIECE FOR HIGH CURRENT DENSITIES.
DE19900023A1 (en) * 1999-01-02 2000-07-06 Carbone Ag Production of sprung brush used on commutator of electric motor involves pressing conductive powder on strip of beryllium bronze sheet and sintering at temperature increasing elasticity of bronze
DE10207406A1 (en) * 2002-02-21 2003-09-11 K Tec Gmbh Holder for a carbon brush

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103718393A (en) * 2011-03-30 2014-04-09 贺利氏材料工艺有限责任两合公司 Resilient sliding contact and method for the production thereof
CN103718393B (en) * 2011-03-30 2017-04-12 贺利氏材料工艺有限责任两合公司 Electric sliding contact and method for the production thereof
CN106329286A (en) * 2015-07-01 2017-01-11 苏州东南电碳科技有限公司 Preparation method of motor train unit earth return brush
CN106329286B (en) * 2015-07-01 2019-06-11 苏州东南佳新材料股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of EMU ground connection reflux unit brush
CN110679044A (en) * 2017-06-01 2020-01-10 申克碳素技术有限责任公司 Discharge device for discharging current
CN109244686A (en) * 2018-07-26 2019-01-18 合德华厦安防科技有限公司 A kind of plug and preparation method thereof for earthed system
CN109244686B (en) * 2018-07-26 2021-06-18 合德华厦安防科技有限公司 Core rod for grounding system and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2005064756A1 (en) 2005-07-14
DE10359896A1 (en) 2005-07-21
US20060260436A1 (en) 2006-11-23
ES2297520T3 (en) 2008-05-01
DE502004005669D1 (en) 2008-01-17
ATE380408T1 (en) 2007-12-15
JP2007515146A (en) 2007-06-07
EP1702390A1 (en) 2006-09-20
EP1702390B1 (en) 2007-12-05

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