CN1901901B - 紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物及其药物组合物 - Google Patents
紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物及其药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1901901B CN1901901B CN2004800393077A CN200480039307A CN1901901B CN 1901901 B CN1901901 B CN 1901901B CN 2004800393077 A CN2004800393077 A CN 2004800393077A CN 200480039307 A CN200480039307 A CN 200480039307A CN 1901901 B CN1901901 B CN 1901901B
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Abstract
本发明涉及第二代脂肪酸结合物及其药物组合物。所述第二代脂肪酸结合物在对其有需要的人类体内治疗癌症中很有用。
Description
描述于本申请中的发明是在国家健康协会的基金(the NationalInstitutes of Health)支持下做出的,批准号为R01 GM427980和R01CA 103314。美国政府享有本发明的某些权利。
本申请要求于2003年10月30日提交的系列号为60/515,783的美国临时申请的优先权,将其全部内容通过引证结合于此作为参考。
背景技术
帕利他西(紫素或紫杉醇,paclitaxel)(Taxol)和多西他赛(docetaxel)(Taxotere)是准许临床用于对人的肿瘤进行化疗的两种最重要的抗肿瘤药。帕利他西是天然产生的紫杉烷(taxane),其最初是从太平洋紫杉树(短叶红豆杉树,Taxus brevifolia)的树皮中分离出来的。
多西他赛是帕利他西的半合成同源物。多西他赛是由FDA批准用于临床使用的第一个“紫杉醇”,即类紫杉醇化合物。
这两种第一代紫杉烷抗癌剂已在临床上用来治疗各种肿瘤,包括转移性乳癌、晚期卵巢癌、头颈癌、非小细胞肺癌、以及卡波西肉瘤。尽管帕利他西和多西他赛都对部分肿瘤具有有效的抗肿瘤活性,但是它们对其他的如结肠癌、胰腺癌、黑素瘤癌、以及肾癌没有表现出效力。
另外,第一代紫杉烷在治疗上存在不希望的副作用以及多药物抗性(MDR)。MDR通常归因于过度表达P-糖蛋白(Pgp)的细胞。Pgp是一种有效的ATP结合盒(ABC)转运蛋白(转运子),其外流(effux)疏水的抗癌剂,包括帕利他西和多西他赛。
目前的癌症化疗是基于这样一个前提:快速增殖的肿瘤细胞比健康细胞更可能被细胞毒性药物杀死。然而,事实上,目前的药物对肿瘤组织的活性与健康组织相比差别相对很小。
例如,众所周知,代表性的细胞毒性化疗药剂像帕利他西、顺铂、阿霉素、以及其它广泛使用的抗癌药物不能从正常分裂的细胞中辨别癌细胞。因此,在癌症化疗中产生与这些药物有关的各种不希望的副作用。
因此,在癌症化疗中的长期挑战是开发对肿瘤细胞比对健康细胞具有更大选择性的新的细胞毒性剂。
已经显示出,用作生化前体和能量源的特殊天然脂肪酸被肿瘤大量地吸收。这些脂肪酸包括ω-3脂肪酸,如二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、以及α-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳-三烯酸(LNA)。
DHA是细胞膜的构成成分,并用作代谢途径和生化通道的前体。其也是在人乳中发现的脂肪酸,并由美国食品及药品管理局归类为一种营养添加剂。
美国专利第5,795,909、5,919,815以及6,080,877披露了结合于第一代紫杉烷抗癌剂如帕利他西和多西他赛的DHA。DHA-帕利他西结合物(轭合物)在动物研究中已经显示出抗肿瘤活性。DHA-帕利他西结合物在降低不希望的副作用方面的能力归因于该结合物选择性瞄准肿瘤细胞以及与未结合的帕利他西相比使用较低的剂量。
例如,据报道(Bradley et al.Clinical Cancer Research(2000)7,3229-3238),DHA-帕利他西导致麦迪逊109个皮下肺肿瘤模型中的肺肿瘤异种移植完全消退的最佳剂量为120mg/kg。该消退在所有小鼠体内持续六十天。在小鼠体内,DHA-帕利他西表现出比帕利他西低74倍的分布体积和低94倍的清除率。DHA-帕利他西在血浆中是稳定的,并且在小鼠血浆中长时间地保持高浓度。相反,以最佳剂量20mg/kg的帕利他西,对任何小鼠体内的肿瘤既不引起完全消退也不引起部分消退。该结合物药物作为细胞毒性药剂似乎是无活性的,直到通过肿瘤细胞代谢释放出帕利他西。
因此,DHA-帕利他西比单独的帕利他西的毒性低。从而,可以给予更高摩尔剂量的该结合物。基于在动物模型中证实的效能,DHA-帕利他西进入了人类临床试验,并且目前处于第III期。
根据所提出的药物递送机理,DHA-帕利他西由肿瘤细胞吸收、内在化、并由癌细胞中的酯酶慢慢水解而释放活性细胞毒性剂(例如,帕利他西)。但是,如果癌细胞过度表达活性转运蛋白(即,“流出泵(efflux pump)”),那么即使当从DHA中慢慢被释放时,帕利他西分子也会被流出泵捕获并从癌细胞中除去。因此,DHA-帕利他西的效能可能致使不足以活性地对抗抗药性癌症。
在本发明人的实验室进行的结构-活性关系(SAR)研究已经表明帕利他西在C-2、C-3’、以及C-3’N位置的苯基部分对它的有效细胞毒性和微管蛋白结合能力是不必要的(Ojima et al.J.Med.Chem.(1996)39,3889-3896)。本发明人和他的同事发现在C-3’添加较简单的烷基或烯基取代基显著增加对药物敏感性以及抗药性癌细胞系的活性。更重要地,在C-10和C-3’位置的适当修饰已经导致“第二代”紫杉醇抗癌剂的开发。这一系列紫杉醇的最重要的结果是其对药物敏感的人癌细胞系实质增加的效能以及对于抗药性的、表达MDR表型的细胞系的显著活性(例如,对人的乳癌细胞系MCF7-MDR的IC50=2.1-9.1nM;帕利他西IC50=300-800nM)。第二代紫杉醇还包括一系列具有来源于14-羟基浆果赤霉素III的五环二萜烯骨架的紫杉醇。
因此,与帕利他西和多西他赛明显不同,包括ortataxel(在包括Bay59-8862,IDN5109以及SB-T-101131的出版物中的代码名称)、SB-T-1213以及SB-T-121303的第二代紫杉醇对表达MDR表型的抗药性癌细胞表现出优异的活性。例如,ortataxel对小鼠体内的人结肠癌SW-620异种移植表现出显著的活性(Vredenburg et al.J.Nat’l Cancer Inst.(2001)93,1234-1245)。
但是,这些高度有效的第二代紫杉醇不是肿瘤特效药。因此,在临床使用期间会产生各种不希望的副作用。
因此,需要改进的抗癌药物,用于有效地治疗所有类型的癌症,包括多药物抗性肿瘤,同时减少副作用。
发明内容
本发明通过提供改进的结合物(轭合物)而满足了上述需要。改进的结合物包括第二代紫杉醇和ω-3脂肪酸。该改进涉及第二代紫杉醇的使用。
在另一实施例中,本发明提供了改进的包括一种结合物的药物组合物。该结合物包括第二代紫杉醇和ω-3脂肪酸。该改进涉及第二代紫杉醇的使用。
在又一实施例中,本发明提供了改进的用于在对其有需要的人类体内治疗癌症的方法。该方法包括给予有效量的结合物。该结合物包括第二代紫杉醇和ω-3脂肪酸。该改进涉及第二代紫杉醇的使用。
附图说明
图1:DHA-紫杉醇结合物(轭合物)对人结肠肿瘤异种移植(pgp+)DLD-1的效应。
图2:DHA-紫杉醇结合物对人卵巢肿瘤外源移植(exograft)(pgp-)A121的效应。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及改进的紫杉醇和ω-3脂肪酸的结合物。本发明中有用的紫杉醇是通式I的第二代紫杉醇,
化学式I
其中FA是一ω-3脂肪酸残基;
R1表示C1-C6烷基或链烯基、二烷基氨基或烷基氨基、或烷氧基;
R2表示C3-C5烷基、或链烯基、或三氟甲基;
R3表示H、甲基、甲氧基、氯、氟、或叠氮基;
R4表示C3-C6环烷基、或环烯基、或烷氧基;
R5和R6都表示氢、或R5和R6一起表示氧羰基,由此形成环碳酸酯(参见化学式II)。
第二代紫杉醇的实例包括ortataxel、SB-T-1103、SB-T-11033、SB-T-1104、SB-T-11043、SB-T-1107、SB-T-11073、SB-T-1213、SB-T-121303、SB-T-1214、SB-T-121403、SB-T-1216、SB-T-121603、SB-T-1217、SB-T-121703、SB-T-12821、以及SB-T-128221-3,其结构在下面示出(参见化学式II和III):
化学式II:Ortataxel(Bay59-8862;IDN5109;SB-T-101131)
化学式III
SB-T-1103:R1=C2H5,R2=2-甲基丙基;R3=H
SB-T-11033:R1=C2H5,R2=2-甲基丙基;R3=CH3O
SB-T-1104:R1=环丙基,R2=2-甲基丙基;R3=H
SB-T-11043:R1=环丙基,R2=2-甲基丙基;R3=CH3O
SB-T-1107:R1=CH3O,R2=2-甲基丙基;R3=H
SB-T-11073:R1=CH3O,R2=2-甲基丙基;R3=CH3O
SB-T-1213:R1=C2H5,R2=2-甲基-1-丙烯基;R3=H
SB-T-121303:R1=C2H5,R2=2-甲基-1-丙烯基;R3=CH3O
SB-T-1214:R1=环丙基,R2=2-甲基-1-丙烯基;R3=H
SB-T-121403:R1=环丙基,R2=2-甲基-1-丙烯基;R3=CH3O
SB-T-1216:R1=(CH3)2N,R2=2-甲基-1-丙烯基;R3=H
SB-T-121603:R1=(CH3)2N,R2=2-甲基-1-丙烯基;R3=CH3O
SB-T-1217:R1=CH3O,R2=2-甲基-1-丙烯基;R3=H
SB-T-121703:R1=CH3O,R2=2-甲基-1-丙烯基;R3=CH3O
SB-T-12821:R1=(CH3)2N,R2=三氟甲基;R3=H
SB-T-128221-3:R1=C2H5,R2=三氟甲基;R3=CH3O
本发明中有用的第二代紫杉醇的合成和结构由Ojima等人披露于其出版物(Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.(1999)9,3423-3428;J.Med.Chem.(1996)39,3889-3896;J.Med.Chem.(1997)40,267-278;Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.,(1997)7,133-138)和美国专利第6,096,909、6,100,411、6,458,976以及6,500,858号中。将在上述这些论文和专利中披露的合成和结构通过引证结合于此作为参考。例如,在Ojima等人的出版物(Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.(1999)9,3423-3428)中的表1列出的化合物7a-7q;表2列出的化合物1a-1s、3a-3s以及4a-4s;在Ojima等人的出版物(J.Med.Chem.(1996)39,3889-3896)中的表3列出的化合物5a-5e及5s;在Ojima等人的出版物(Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.,(1997)7,133-138)中的表2列出的化合物7a-7i;以及在Ojima等人的出版物(J.Med.Chem.(1997)40,267-278)中的表6列出的化合物17b-17g、22b、22d、以及22e的合成和结构通过引证结合于此作为参考。
将第二代紫杉醇结合于(共轭于)ω-3脂肪酸。任何ω-3脂肪酸都可以根据本发明来使用。ω-3脂肪酸的实例包括二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、以及α-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳-三烯酸(α-十八碳三烯酸,LNA)。这些脂肪酸的结构表示如下(参见化学式IV、V以及VI):
化学式IV:二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)
化学式V:二十碳五烯酸(EPA)
化学式VI:α-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳-三烯酸(LNA)
DHA可以从例如鱼油中分离,或者可以化学合成。优选地,DHA由生物合成产生,如利用在美国专利第5,374,657、5,492,938、5,407,957以及5,397,591号中披露的方法,将其说明书通过引证结合于此作为参考。DHA也可以例如从马里兰州哥伦比亚的玛尔特克生物科学公司(Martek Biosciences Corporation,Columbia,MD)购买。
EPA可以从例如海生动物油(marine oil,即,鱼和贝类)中分离。海生动物油由多脂鱼的躯体、少脂肪鱼的肝、以及由海生哺乳动物如鲸和海豹产生。工业鱼油包括尤其是凤尾鱼(Engraulis spp.)、鳞鱼(Mallotus spp.)、鳕鱼和鳕鱼的肝(Gadus spp.)、鲱鱼(青鱼,Cupea spp.)、金枪鱼(horse mackerel,Scomber spp.)、鲔鱼(Euthynnusspp.)、鲱鱼(Brevoortia spp.)、鲑鱼(Salmo salar,syn.Oncorhynchusspp.)、虹鳟鱼(Oncorhynchus mykiss)、以及沙丁鱼(Sardina spp.)的油。海生动物油构成了世界范围的食用油生产的重要部分。
可选替换地,EPA可以用任何本领域已有的方法进行合成。例如,EPA可以通过食物LNA的去饱和及延长来合成(A.Kamal-Eldinand N.V.Yanishlieva,Eur.J.Lipid Sci.Technol.(2002),104,825-836)。EPA也可以从例如Sigma-Aldrich化学品公司(St.Louis,MO)商购得到。
LNA的主要来源包括亚麻子(Linum usitatissimum)、紫苏(Perilla frutescens)、大豆(Glycine max)、油菜籽/菜籽油(canola,Brassica spp.)、以及胡桃(Juglans regia)的种子和油(R.A.Riemersma,Eur.J.Lipid Sci.Technol.(2001)103,372-373;A.Kamal-Eldin and R.Andersson,J.Am.Oil Chem.Soc.(1997)74,375-380;G.P.Savage,P.C.Dutta,and D.L.McNeil,J.Am.Oil Chem.Soc.(1999)76,1059-1063)。其他的坚果、豆类、荚果、以及绿叶蔬菜也提供了大量的食用LNA(M.A.Allman,Food Australia(1995)47,S14-S17;P.J.Ghafoorunissa,J.Agric.Food Chem.(1993)47,121-124)。LNA可以从例如Sigma-Aldrich化学品公司商购得到。
第二代紫杉醇-ω-3脂肪酸结合物可以通过利用任何本领域已有的方法将ω-3脂肪酸偶联到第二代紫杉醇上来制备。例如,ω-3脂肪酸可以被偶联到第二代紫杉醇的C-2’羟基或者C-7羟基上。优选地,将ω-3脂肪酸偶联到第二代紫杉醇的C-2’位置上。
偶联反应可以在一步或多步中发生。例如,ω-3脂肪酸选择性偶联到第二代紫杉醇的C-2’羟基上可以通过利用本领域已有的任何脱水剂以单一步骤就可以实现。合适的脱水剂的实例包括二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC)和二异丙基碳化二亚胺(DIC)。脱水剂可以在有或没有胺类碱(如,例如4-N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP))的情况下使用。
用于制备ω-3脂肪酸-紫杉醇结合物的一般方案表示如下。在该方案中,DHA用作ω-3脂肪酸。其他的ω-3脂肪酸,如上述的那些,可以以相同的方式偶联到紫杉醇的C-2’羟基上。
ω-3脂肪酸在氧存在的情况下会不稳定。可以采取措施以稳定第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物。例如,可以在合成后将抗氧剂加入到结合物中。合适的抗氧剂的实例包括但不限于:抗坏血酸、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、抗坏血酸二月桂酯、对苯二酚、丁基化羟基苯甲醚、焦亚硫酸钠、t-β-胡罗卜素以及α-生育酚。也可以使用重金属鳌合剂,如乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)。
本发明的第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物对于在对其有需要的人类体内治疗癌症是很有用的。癌症可以是任何类型的对第二代紫杉醇敏感的癌症。癌症的实例包括:乳癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、头颈癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌、黑素瘤癌、脑癌、前列腺癌以及肾癌。
本发明的方法包括给予有效量的第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物。第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物的有效量为有效治疗癌症的任何量。
第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物对于特定情形的实际量将根据本领域技术人员熟知的各种因素而变化,如癌症的类型、使用的具体第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物、给药方式、以及治疗的具体患者。可以在用医师和临床医生熟悉的方法进行临床前试验和临床试验期间确定有效量。
给予人的第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物的最小量为能够治疗癌症的最低量。最大量为不会引起不希望的副作用的最高有效量。通常,第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物的每天口服剂量可以为从约0.01mg/kg/天到1000mg/kg/天。通常可给予的全身性剂量在约1到1000mg/m2/天的范围内。可以采用患者耐受性允许的更高剂量来治疗癌症。
第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物可以通过任何本领域已有的合适方法给予。给药方式的部分实例包括口服和全身性给药。通常,本发明的结合物为全身性给药。全身性给药可以经肠道或肠道外给予。
第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物的肠道外给药包括,例如静脉内注射、肌肉注射、以及皮下注射或输注。例如,第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物可以通过本领域熟知的持续释放给予患者。持续释放给药是一种药物递送的方法,用以在一特定时间段内达到一定的药物水平。
给药的其他途径包括:口服、局部、支气管内、或鼻内给药。对于口服给药,可以使用液体或固体制剂。适用于口服给药的制剂的部分实例包括:片剂、明胶胶囊、丸剂、锭剂、酏剂、混悬剂、糖浆剂、以及糯米纸囊剂。支气管内给药可以包括吸入器喷雾。对于鼻内给药,第二代脂肪酸结合物的给予可以通过喷雾器或液体雾剂(liquid mist)的方式来实施。
本发明进一步包括在合适的药物载体中的第二代脂肪酸结合物。在本说明书中,认为药物载体与本领域专业技术人员理解的赋形剂具有相同的含义。载体的实例包括硬脂酸镁或硬脂酸钙、滑石、植物油脂或植物油、树胶以及乙二醇。
第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物还可以包括一种或多种稳定剂、表面活性剂(优选为非离子表面活性剂)、以及可选的盐和/或缓冲剂。
稳定剂可以例如为氨基酸,如,例如甘氨酸;或寡糖,如,例如蔗糖、tetralose、乳糖或葡聚糖。可选替换地,稳定剂可以为糖醇,如,例如甘露醇;或其组合。优选地,稳定剂或稳定剂的组合构成第二代脂肪酸结合物重量的约0.1%到约10%。
表面活性剂优选为非离子表面活性剂,如聚山梨醇酯。合适的表面活性剂的部分实例包括吐温20、吐温80;聚乙二醇或聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯二醇(醚),如从约0.001%(w/v)到约10%(w/v)的Pluronic F-68(一种聚丙二醇与环氧乙烷的加聚物)。
盐或缓冲剂可以为任何盐或缓冲剂,如,例如分别为氯化钠、或磷酸钠和/或钾。优选地,缓冲剂将第二代脂肪酸结合物的pH维持在约5到约8的范围内。盐和/或缓冲剂还对将摩尔渗透压浓度维持在适于对人给药的水平很有用。优选地,盐或缓冲剂以大致约150mM到约300mM的等渗压浓度存在。
第二代脂肪酸结合物可以另外含有一种或多种常规添加剂。如上面所述的,这样的添加剂的部分实例包括:增溶剂,如,例如甘油;抗氧剂,如,例如苯扎氯铵(一种季铵化合物的混合物,称为“quart”)、苯甲醇、氯惹酮或氯代丁醇;麻醉剂,如,例如吗啡衍生物;或等渗剂等。作为进一步对氧化或其他酸败的预防,第二代脂肪酸结合物可以用气密性塞子密封的小瓶在氮气下储存。
下面的非限制性实施例用于描述说明本发明。应当注意到在不脱离本发明范围的情况下,对下述实施例及其中的方法可以作出各种变化。为此,本申请的描述说明性具体实施方式应解释为是描述说明性的而不是在任何意义上的限制。
实施例1
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-2-丙基)-10-(甲氧羰基)多西他赛(DHA-SB-T-1107):
在氩气下向二氯甲烷(3.5mL)中的3’-脱苯基-10-(甲氧基羰基)-3’-(2-甲基-2-丙基)-2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-多西他赛(SB-T-1107)(63.9mg;75μmol)的溶液中加入4二甲氨基吡啶(9mg;75μmol)、1,3-二环己基碳化二亚胺(19mg,150μmol)、以及DHA(27mg;83μmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌1h。在用二氯甲烷稀释后,将反应混合物用5%的盐酸、水、以及盐水洗涤。有机层用无水硫酸镁进行干燥,并在真空下浓缩。将粗产物通过在硅胶上的层析法(乙酸乙酯/己烷=1/3到1/1)进行提纯,得到呈白色固体的78.5mg(产率为90%)的DHA-SB-T-1107:熔点m.p.102-105℃,[α]D 22-45.0(c1.0,CHCl3);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ0.96(m,9H),1.14(s,3H),1.22(s,3H),1.30(s,9H),1.67(m,3H),1.69(s,3H),1.88(m,1H),1.96(s,3H),2.07(m,2H),2.37(s,3H),2.47(m,6H),2.55(m,1H),2.85(m,10H),3.78(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),3.86(s,3H),4.19(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.29(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.37(m,1H),4.43(m,1H),4.60(d,J=9.3Hz,2H),4.91(s,1H),4.97(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.25-5.50(m,12H),5.66(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.12(s,1H),6.20(t,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.47(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.59(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.11(d,J=8.0Hz,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ9.6,14.3,20.6,21.9,22.1,22.5,22.6,23.2,24.7,25.6,25.7,25.7,25.8,26.6,28.2,33.7,35.5,35.6,41.4,43.1,45.6,48.9,55.5,58.5,71.5,72.0,74.4,75.1,76.4,76.9,78.3,79.2,79.7,80.9,84.4,126.9,127.4,127.7,127.8,127.9,128.3,128.3,128.4,128.5,128.7,129.2,129.5,130.1,130.2,130.2,131.9,133.4,144.2,155.1,155.6,166.8,168.1,169.4,172.1,203.9。
实施例2-9
其他的DHA-紫杉醇以如在实施例1中所述的用于合成DHA-SB-T-1107的同样方式进行合成。用于这些DHA-紫杉醇的表征数据如下所示。
实施例2
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基丙基)-10-丙酰基多西他赛(DHA-SB-T-1103):
75%的产率;白色固体;熔点m.p.94-98℃,[α]D 22-37.9(c 1.08,CHCl3);1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ0.97(m,9H),1.13(s,3H),1.22-1.27(m,6H),1.31(s,9H),1.56(s,3H),1.67(s,3H),1.90(m,1H),1.94(s,3H),2.08(m,2H),2.39(s,3H),2.40(m,2H),2.46-2.60(m,7H),2.85(m,10H),3.82(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),4.20(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.30(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.35(m,1H),4.46(dd,J=10.2,6.7Hz,1H),4.60(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),4.92(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),4.98(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),5.40(m,12H),5.67(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.23(m,1H),6.31(s,1H),7.48(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.60(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),8.12(d,J=7.6Hz,2H);13C NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.0,9.6,14.1,14.3,14.8,20.5,21.9,22.2,22.4,22.5,22.6,23.2,24.5,25.5,25.6,26.6,27.5,28.1,28.3,33.7,35.5,41.3,43.2,45.6,48.9,58.8,71.5,72.2,74.4,75.2,75.5,76.4,77.3,79.3,79.8,81.0,84.4,127.0,127.5,127.8,127.9,128.0,128.3,128.4,128.5,128.6,129.3,129.6,130.2,130.0,132.4,133.5,143.4,155.3,167.0,168.4,169.6,172.3,174.6,204.0。
实施例3
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-1-丙烯基)-10-环丙羰基多西他赛(DHA-SB-T-1214):
69%的产率;白色固体;熔点m.p.64-67℃,[α]D 22-52.2(c 1.8,CHCl3);1H NMR(CDCl3)δ0.99(t,J=7.5Hz,3H),1.15(m,4H),1.28(s,3H),1.36(s,9H),1.68(s,3H),1.75(m,1H),1.78(s,6H),1.93(m,1H),1.95(s,3H),2.09(q,J=7.5,15.0Hz,2H),2.39(s,3H),2.48(m,2H),2.56(m,2H),2.65(d,J=3.9Hz,1H),2.87(m,10H),3.83(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.20(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),4.33(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),4.46(m,1H),4.82(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.95(s,1H),4.99(d,J=9.3Hz,1H),5.21(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),5.41(m,12H),5.69(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.21(t,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.32(s,1H),7.50(t,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),8.13(d,J=7.2Hz,2H);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ9.14,9.36,9.47,9.53,12.98,14.25,14.76,14.81,18.48,18.54,20.52,22.22,22.39,22.47,25.59,25.74,26.67,28.13,28.18,29.67,33.62,35.42,43.12,45.52,45.58,48.86,58.42,71.70,72.17,74.45,74.57,75.19,75.38,75.44,76.35,79.25,79.86,80.92,84.40,84.52,119.95,127.50,127.84,128.02,128.26,128.60,129.21,129.58,130.14,132.40,133.59,137.94,143.48,154.85,166.96,168.30,169.61,172.29,175.12,204.10。
实施例4
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-1-丙基)-10-环丙羰基多西他赛(DHA-SB-T-1104):
73%的产率;白色固体;熔点m.p.65-68℃,[α]D-53.4(c 2.5,CHCl3);1H NMR(CDCl3)δ0.99(m,9H),1.15(m,6H),1.27(s,3H),1.33(s,9H),1.69(s,6H),1.78(m,1H),1.95(s,3H),2.09(q,J=7.2,14.7Hz,2H),2.43(s,3H),2.48(m,2H),2.56(m,2H),2.65(d,J=3.6Hz,2H),2.87(m,10H),3.83(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),4.21(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),4.32(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),4.46(m,1H),4.63(d,J=10.2Hz,1H),4.93(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),4.99(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),5.41(m,12H),5.68(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),6.23(t,J=8.7Hz,1H),6.31(s,1H),7.50(t,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),8.13(d,J=7.2Hz,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ3.9,4.1,4.3,7.8,9.0,9.6,15.3,16.6,17.0,17.1,17.3,17.5,18.0,19.4,20.2,20.3,20.4,21.4,22.8,22.9,28.4,36.0,36.1,37.9,40.4,43.6,53.2,67.0,69.2,70.0,70.2,70.9,70.95,71.1,71.15,71.2,71.7,72.2,74.1,74.6,75.7,79.2,92.8,121.8,122.3,122.6,122.7,122.8,123.1,123.15,123.2,123.4,123.45,124.1,124.4,125.0,126.8,127.2,127.25,128.3,138.3,150.1,161.8,163.2,164.4,167.1,169.9,198.9。
实施例5
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-1-丙烯基)-10-丙酰基多西他赛(DHA-SB-T-1213):
72%的产率;白色固体;熔点m.p.67-69℃,[α]D 22-72.7(c 0.73,CHCl3);1H NMR(CDCl3)δ0.99(t,J=7.5,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.27(m,8H),1.28(s,3H),1.36(s,9H),1.68(s,3H),1.75(m,1H),1.78(s,9H),1.93(m,1H),1.95(s,3H),2.09(q,J=7.5,15.0Hz,2H),2.40(s,3H),2.46(m,3H),2.53(m,2H),2.56(m,2H),2.65(d,J=3.9Hz,2H),2.87(m,10H),3.84(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.20(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.33(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.48(m,1H),4.82(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.93(s,1H),4.99(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),5.21(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),5.41(m,12H),5.69(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),6.21(t,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.33(s,1H),7.50(t,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),8.13(d,J=7.2Hz,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ9.28,9.79,9.86,14.53,15.00,15.06,18.76,18.83,20.81,22.35,22.68,22.76,25.87,26.83,27.80,28.41,28.47,29.94,33.91,35.72,43.42,45.90,49.15,58.70,71.98,72.37,74.74,75.42,75.68,75.75,76.64,79.50,80.16,81.19,84.67,84.80,127.78,128.11,128.30,128.59,128.90,129.50,129.86,130.42,132.71,133.89,138.24,143.56,155.17,167.24,168.60,169.92,172.60,174.90,204.28。
实施例6
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基丙基)-10-乙酰基多西他赛-1,14-碳酸酯(DHA-Ortataxel):
68%的产率;白色固体;熔点m.p.72-75℃,[α]D 22-40(c 0.6,CHCl3);1H NMR(CDCl3)δ0.99(t,3H),1.00(m,3H),1.25(s,3H),1.28(s,3H),1.36(s,9H),1.36-1.47(m,2H),1.63-1.70(m,2H),1.72(s,3H),1.90(d,3H),2.07(m,2H),2.25(s,3H),2.35(s,1H),2.47(m,4H),2.49(s,3H),2.50-2.62(m,2H),2.83(m,10H),3.71(d,1H),4.20-4.30(m,2H),4.38-4.44(m,2H),4.57-4.62(d,2H),4.850(d,1H),4.951(d,1H),5.09(d,1H),5.40(m,12H),6.11(d,1H),6.27(s,1H),6.44(d,1H),7.49(t,2H),7.61(t,1H),8.03(d,2H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ9.68,14.10,14.20,15.0,20.5,20.6,22.0,22.5,22.6,23.1,23.4,23.4,24.7,25.5,25.6,25.9,28.2,28.2,29.7,33.9,35.4,41.7,45.0,58.7,69.5,71.7,74.3,74.4,74.8,75.9,79.5,80.1,80.5,84.2,88.1,127.0,127.4,127.8,128.0,128.3,128.4,128.6,128.9,129.7,129.9,132.0,133.3,134.0,140.5,151.8,155.1,164.8,167.8,170.2,170.8,172.3,202.3。
实施例7
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-2-丙基)-2-脱苯甲酰基-2-(3-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-10-(甲氧基羰基)多西他赛(SB-T-110703-DHA):
62%的产率;白色固体;1H-NMR(CDCl3,300Hz):δ7.74(d,1H,J=7.5Hz),7.67(d,1H,J=1.2Hz),7.39(dd,1H,J=8.1Hz),7.16(dd,1H,J=2.7Hz,J=8.1Hz),6.24(dd,1H,J=8.7Hz),6.14(s,1H),5.686(d,1H,J=7.2Hz),5.62-5.24(m,12H),5.03-4.98(m,1H),4.93(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),4.63(d,1H,J=10.5),4.48-4.29(m,3H),4.21(d,1H,J=8.1Hz),3.9(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),3.81(d,1H,J=6.9Hz),2.91-2.78(m,10H),2.65-2.22(m,11H),2.19-2.06(m,2H),1.98(s,3H),1.97-1.82(m,1H),1.4-1.1(m,15H),1.02-0.94(m,9H);13C-NMR(CDCl3,75.5MHz):δ9.8,14.5,15.1,20.8,21.9,22.3,22.8,23.5,23.7,24.9,25.8,25.9,26.8,28.3,33.9,35.6,35.8,41.5,43.3,45.8,49.0,55.8,58.7,71.7,72.3,74.8,75.4,76.6,78.6,79.5,80.1,81.2,84.7,114.2,120.9,123.3,127.3,127.8,128.1,128.2,128.3,128.6,128.7,128.8,129.9,130.7,132.3,144.6,155.5,156.1,159.9,167.1,168.6,169.9,172.6,204.5。
实施例8
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-2-丙烯基)-2-脱苯甲酰基-2-(3-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-10-丙酰基多西他赛(DHA-SB-T-121303):
67%的产率;白色固体;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ0.99(t,J=7.5Hz,3H),1.14(s,3H),1.28(m,8H),1.33(s,9H),1.66(m,3H),1.73(s,3H),1.75(s,3H),1.89(m,5H),2.10(m,2H),2.37(m,6H),2.53(m,7H),2.87(m,10H),3.80(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),3.86(s,3H),4.12(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.31(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),4.40(dd,J=10.6,6.8Hz,1H),4.72(m,2H),4.95(m,2H),5.30(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),5.41(m,12H),5.65(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.16(t,J=8.6Hz,1H),6.30(s,1H),7.13(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.33(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.62(s,1H),7.69(d,J=7.6Hz,1H)。
实施例9
2’-二十二碳六烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-2-丙基)-2-脱苯甲酰基-2-(3-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-10-丙酰基多西他赛(DHA-SB-T-11033):
81%的产率;熔点m.p.68-70℃;1H NMR(CDCl3)δ1.00(m,9H),1.28(m,9H),1.36(s,9H),1.73(s,3H),1.91(m,1H),1.99(s,3H),2.15(m,2H),2.40-2.70(m,12H),2.91(m,10H),3.89(d,J=7Hz,1H),3.95(s,3H),4.24(d,J=8Hz,1H),4.40(m,2H),4.52(m,1H),4.66(d,J=10Hz,1H),4.97(bd,J=1.8Hz,1H),5.00(bd,J=8Hz,1H),5.45(m,12H),5.73(d,J=7Hz,1H),6.28(m,1H),6.37(s,1H),7.20(m,1H),7.40(m,1H),7.70(m,1H),7,80(m,1H);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ9.3,9.9,14.6,15.0,20.8,22.0,22.5,22.8,23.5,24.9,25.8,25.9,26.9,27.8,28.4,33.9,35.7,41.6,43.4,45.8,49.1,55.6,58.7,71.7,72.5,74.8,75.5,75.7,76.7,79.5,80.1,81.4,84.7,127.3,127.8,128.1,128.2,128.3,128.6,128.7,128.9,129.9,130.7,132.3,132.7,143.6,155.6,167.1,168.7,169.9,172.6,174.9,204.3。
实施例10-12
α-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸-紫杉醇以如实例1中所述的用于合成DHA-SB-T-1107的同样方式进行合成。用于这些α-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸-紫杉醇的表征数据如下所示。
实施例10
2’-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-1-丙烯基)-10-丙酰基多西他赛(LNA-SB-T-1213):
42%的产率;白色固体;1H NMR(400Hz,CDCl3)δ0.99(t,J=7.65Hz,3H),1.15(s,3H),1.23(s,3H),1.25(s,3H),1.25-1.35(m,12H),1.34(s,9H),1.67(s,3H),1.76(s,6H),1.85(m,1H)(H6a),1.93(s,3H),2.04(q,J=6.4Hz,4H),2.36(s,3H)(OAc),2.45(m,8H),2.53(m,3H)(H6b),2.77(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),3.82(m,3H),4.17(d,J=8.4Hz,1H)(H20a),4.31(d,J=8.4Hz,1H)(H20b),4.46(dd,J=10.6,6.6Hz,1H),4.77(d,J=8.8Hz 1H),4.98(m,3H)(H5),5.18(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.36(m,6H),5.68(d,J=6.8Hz,1H)(H2),6.19(t,J=8.5Hz,1H),6.31(s,1H)(H10),7.48(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.60(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),8.12(d,J=7.6Hz,2H)。
实施例11
2’-顺-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-2-丙烯基)-2-脱苯甲酰基-2-(3-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-10-丙酰基多西他赛(LNA-SB-T-121303):
67%的产率;白色固体;1H NMR(400Hz,CDCl3)δ0.99(t,J=7.65Hz,3H),1.13(s,3H),1.16(s,3H),1.25(s,3H),1.25-1.35(m,8H),1.33(s,9H),1.66(m,3H),1.73(s,3H),1.75(s,3H),1.89(m,5H),2.10(m,4H),2.37(m,6H),2.52(m,4H),2.81(m,4H),3.80(m,3H),3.86(s,3H),4.19(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.35(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.40(dd,J=10.6,6.8Hz,1H),4.75(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),4.96(d,J=8.3Hz,3H),5.19(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.36(m,6H),5.67(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),6.19(t,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.31(s,1H),7.14(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.38(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.67(s,1H),7.71(d,J=7.6Hz,1H)。
实施例12
2’-顺-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酰基-3’-脱苯基-3’-(2-甲基-1-丙基)-10-丙酰基多西他赛(LNA-SB-T-1103):
70%的产率;熔点m.p.67-70℃;1H NMR,(CDCl3)δ1.00(m,9H),1.20-1.40(m,24H),1.74(m,9H),1.99(s,4H),2.15(m,4H),2.40-2.70(m,11H),2.91(m,4H),3.89(d,J=7Hz,1H),4.24(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.40(m,2H),4.52(m,1H),4.67(d,1H,J=10,Hz),4.97(bd,J=1.8Hz,1H),5.00(bd,J=8Hz,1H),5.45(m,6H),5.73(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.28(m,1H),6.37(s,1H),7.54(m,2H),7.66(m,1H),8.19(d,J=7.0Hz,2H);13CNMR(CDCl3)δ9.3,9.9,14.6,15.0,20.8,22.0,22.5,22.8,23.5,24.9,25.0,25.8,25.9,26.9,27.4,27.8,28.4,29.3,29.4,29.5,29.9,33.9,35.7,41.6,43.4,45.8,49.1,58.7,71.8,72.5,74.6,75.5,75.7,76.7,79.5,80.1,81.2,84.7,127.3,128.1,128.5,128.6,128.9,129.5,130.5,132.3,132.6,133.8,143.7,155.6,167.3,168.8,169.9,173.2,174.9,204.3。
实施例13
第二代紫杉醇-ω-3脂肪酸结合物效能的体内评价
结合物的合成
具有不同C-2、C-10、C-3’部分的第二代紫杉醇是以良好至优异的产率由10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III开始进行合成的。紫杉醇与DHA的偶联反应在标准条件下(DIC,DMAP)进行,并以良好的产率获得相应的结合物。在C-2’OH基团处发生发应(参见反应A和表A)。
反应A
表A
紫杉醇 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | 产率(%) |
DHA-紫杉醇DHA-多西他赛DHA-SB-T-1213DHA-SB-T-1103DHA-SB-T-1214DHA-SB-T-1104DHA-SB-T-1216DHA-SB-T-1217DHA-SB-T-121703DHA-SB-T-121303DHA-SB-T-11033 | HHHHHHHHOMeOMeOMe | AcOHEtCOEtCOc-PrCOc-PrCOMe2NCOMeOCOMeOCOEtCOAc | C6H6C6H6异丁烯基异丁基异丁烯基异丁基异丁烯基异丁烯基异丁烯基异丁烯基异丁烯基 | C6H6t-Boct-Boct-Boct-Boct-Boct-Boct-Boct-Boct-Boct-Boc | 9860765669738758727672 |
动物和肿瘤异种移植
从罗斯韦尔公园癌症研究所(Roswell Park Cancer Institute)或者塔康(Taconic)(Germantown,NY)的内部繁殖设施获得6到8周龄的雌性严重联合免疫缺陷(SCID)的小鼠。动物照管的各个方面都符合研究所动物照管与使用委员会(Institutional Animal Careand Use Committee)的指南。使用或者不表达MDR蛋白pgp的人卵巢肿瘤A121,或者表达pgp的人结肠肿瘤DLD-1。通过利用12-号套管针将约50mg的非坏死肿瘤片断移植到右侧腹肉上而引发肿瘤。当肿瘤被评估为可触知的团块(约50-100mm3大小)时开始进行化疗。治疗由间隔3天实施4次通过尾部静脉的体内注射构成。每个药物处理(治疗)组或每个无药物的赋形剂组包括4-5只小鼠、未处理的对照组每组有10只小鼠。
用于体内实验的药物制备
将帕利他西和DHA-帕利他西制成Cremophor ELP(BASF,Ludwigshafen,Germany)和无水乙醇的7.5mg/mL的等份储备溶液。将这些溶液用于对照目的。将DHA-紫杉醇和其他的ω-3脂肪酸-紫杉醇制成吐温80(Tween 80,聚氧乙烯-失水山梨醇单油酸酯;购自Sigma化学公司)和无水乙醇的30mg/mL的等份储备溶液。为了使DHA-紫杉醇和其他的ω-3脂肪酸-紫杉醇的制剂稳定,加入抗氧剂L-抗坏血酸(3.9mM)和α-生育酚(2.0mM)。将每种储备溶液在使用之前在0.9%的NaCl(盐水)中进一步稀释,以便对20g的小鼠以约0.4mL的体积通过尾部静脉将适当浓度的每种药物注射到体内。每种药物在第5、8、11天每天给药一次。
体内肿瘤生长试验
对于每个动物,利用电子卡钳测量以mm计的肿瘤长度(l)和宽度(w),并且每3-4天进行记录。利用公式:v=0.4(l×w2)计算以mm3计的肿瘤体积(v)。将对于600mm3的预定目标肿瘤体积的以天计的时间线性插入到log(体积)对时间的曲线图中。在对照与药物处理的小鼠之间的肿瘤体积的统计显著性差异通过Cox-Mantel检验来确定。对于Cox-Mantel检验,将或者因为长期治愈(定义为在实验结论中那些仍然活着的动物,其肿瘤或者完全消退或者未达到预设的目标体积)或者由于药物毒性早死而未达到目标肿瘤体积的动物的时间过程数据(time-to-event data)作为经过检验的数据进行处理。所有统计检验都为双边的。
结果
评估了第二代紫杉醇-脂肪酸结合物对于在SCID小鼠体内针对抗药性人结肠肿瘤异种移植(pgp+)DLD-1和药物敏感性人卵巢肿瘤异种移植(pgp-)A121的抗肿瘤活性(表1)。中间值(中值)的肿瘤大小表示在图1中。
表1.体内递送到具有pgp+人结肠肿瘤异种移植DLD-1的SCID小鼠的DHA-紫杉醇结合物的抗肿瘤效应
体内处理1 | 总剂量(mg/kg) | 剂量/注射(mg/kg) | 达600mm3中间值的天数(范围) | P值2(对照) | 生长延迟(天) | 毒性3 | 无肿瘤4小鼠/组 |
对照赋形剂-Crem赋形剂-吐温帕利他西IDN-5109DHA-帕利他西DHA-SB-T-1213DHA-SB-T-1103DHA-SB-T-1214DHA-SB-T-1104DHA-IDN-5109DHA-多西他赛DHA-多西他赛 | 00060150240757524024015075150 | 00020508025258080502550 | 14(14-22)14(11-18)18(14-18)22(18-24)46(39-108)18(14-22)68(47-112)18(14-21)>20118(14-19)14(14-18)31(25-37)48(46-48) | ---.556.896.069.005.355<.001.870<.001.437.759.002.002 | -------8324544>187401734 | 0000000000000 | 0/70/30/30/30/30/50/50/55/50/50/50/40/4 |
1将在DLD-1人结肠肿瘤移植后的第5、8、11天体内给予SCID小鼠的处理。帕利他西和DHA-帕利他西在Cremophor:EtOH中制成;IND5109和DHA-紫杉醇结合物在吐温:EtOH中制成。
2基于利用Cox-Mantle检验的每组与对照的比较。
3或者死亡或者体重损失大于20%的动物的数量。
4在第201天具有的肿瘤小于600mm3的SCID鼠。
如表1清楚表明的,第二代紫杉醇-DHA结合物、DHA-SB-T-1214对SCID鼠体内的抗药性人结肠肿瘤异种移植表现出显著的抗肿瘤效应。对于DHA-SB-T-1214,所有的小鼠在第201天都活着,并且在用DHA-SB-T-1214处理的小鼠体内没有检测到肿瘤痕迹。DHA-SB-T-1213引起了在54天后的肿瘤生长延迟。这些结果清楚地证实了DHA-第二代紫杉醇不同寻常的效能。
DHA-SB-T-1213对于人卵巢肿瘤异种移植(pgp-)A121也表现出优异的结果(参见图2和表2)。当施加90mg/kg的总剂量时,结合物对4只存活的小鼠(5只中的4只)体内的肿瘤生长显示出大于186天的延迟。另外,DHA-SB-T-1216和DHA-SB-T-1104也表现出了有效的肿瘤生长延迟。
表2.体内递送到具有人卵巢肿瘤异种移植A121的SCID小鼠的DHA-紫杉醇结合物的抗肿瘤效应
体内处理1 | 总剂量(mg/kg) | 剂量/注射(mg/kg) | 达600mm3中间值的天数(范围) | P值2(对照) | 生长延迟(天) | 毒性3 | 无肿瘤4小鼠/组 |
对照赋形剂-Crem赋形剂-吐温帕利他西DHA-帕利他西DHA-SB-T-1216DHA-SB-T-1213DHA-SB-T-1104 | 000602409090240 | 0002080303080 | 11(11-14)14(11-14)14(14-18)94(82-140)197(183->197)>197>197126(78-195) | ---.679.075<.001<.001.002<.001<.001 | ---3383186>186>186115 | 00000410 | 0/100/50/50/52/51/54/50/5 |
1在A121人卵巢肿瘤移植后第5天体内给予SCID小鼠的处理。帕利他西和DHA-帕利他西在Cremophor:EtOH中制成;DHA-紫杉醇结合物在吐温:EtOH中制成。
2基于利用Cox-Mantle检验的每组与对照的比较。
3或者死亡或者体重损失大于20%的动物的数量。
4在第197天没有可触知的肿瘤的SCID小鼠。
Claims (14)
1.一种包括紫杉醇和ω-3脂肪酸的结合物,其中所述紫杉醇选自由SB-T-1213和SB-t-1214组成的组,并且所述ω-3脂肪酸选自由二十二碳六烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和α-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳-三烯酸组成的组。
2.一种含有包括紫杉醇和ω-3脂肪酸的结合物的药物组合物,其改进在于所述紫杉醇为第二代紫杉醇,所述第二代紫杉醇由化学式I表示,
其中FA是一ω-3脂肪酸残基,
R1表示C1-C6烷基或链烯基、二烷基氨基或烷基氨基、或烷氧基;
R2表示C3-C5烷基、或链烯基、或三氟甲基;
R3表示H、甲基、甲氧基、氯、氟、或叠氮基;
R4表示C3-C6环烷基、或环烯基、或烷氧基;
R5和R6都表示氢、或R5和R6一起表示氧羰基,由此形成环碳酸酯,
其中所述紫杉醇选自由SB-T-1213和SB-T-1214组成的组,并且所述ω-3脂肪酸选自由二十二碳六烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和α-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳-三烯酸组成的组。
3.一种包括紫杉醇和ω-3脂肪酸的结合物在制备用于在对其有需要的人类体内治疗癌症的药物中的应用,其中所述紫杉醇为第二代紫杉醇,所述第二代紫杉醇由化学式I表示,
其中FA是一ω-3脂肪酸残基,
R1表示C1-C6烷基或链烯基、二烷基氨基或烷基氨基、或烷氧基;
R2表示C3-C5烷基、或链烯基、或三氟甲基;
R3表示H、甲基、甲氧基、氯、氟、或叠氮基;
R4表示C3-C6环烷基、或环烯基、或烷氧基;
R5和R6都表示氢、或R5和R6一起表示氧羰基,由此形成环碳酸酯,
其中所述紫杉醇选自由SB-T-1213和SB-T-1214组成的组,并且所述ω-3脂肪酸选自由二十二碳六烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和α-顺式-9,12,15-十八碳-三烯酸组成的组。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为乳癌。
5.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为卵巢癌。
6.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为肺癌。
7.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为头癌。
8.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为颈癌。
9.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为结肠癌。
10.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为胰腺癌。
11.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为黑素瘤癌。
12.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为脑癌。
13.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为肾癌。
14.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其中,所述癌症为前列腺癌。
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6458976B1 (en) * | 1994-10-28 | 2002-10-01 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Taxoid anti-tumor agents, pharmaceutical compositions, and treatment methods |
US5795909A (en) * | 1996-05-22 | 1998-08-18 | Neuromedica, Inc. | DHA-pharmaceutical agent conjugates of taxanes |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US7820839B2 (en) | 2010-10-26 |
CA2544128A1 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
WO2005041881A2 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
CN1901901A (zh) | 2007-01-24 |
EP1703904A4 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
WO2005041881A8 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
AU2004285529A1 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
US20070088076A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
JP2007510648A (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
JP4884228B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 |
EP1703904B1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
EP1703904A2 (en) | 2006-09-27 |
WO2005041881A3 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
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