CN1890036A - 用于使一个轧机轧辊的圆锥滚子轴承预紧的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于使一个轧机轧辊的圆锥滚子轴承预紧的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1890036A
CN1890036A CNA200480036318XA CN200480036318A CN1890036A CN 1890036 A CN1890036 A CN 1890036A CN A200480036318X A CNA200480036318X A CN A200480036318XA CN 200480036318 A CN200480036318 A CN 200480036318A CN 1890036 A CN1890036 A CN 1890036A
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bearing
roll
pressure
roller
taper
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CN100408210C (zh
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M·居姆佩尔
S·塔默特
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Demag AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/388Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with four rows, i.e. four row tapered roller bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21BROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B31/00Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
    • B21B31/07Adaptation of roll neck bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/02Bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C25/08Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2229/00Setting preload
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2322/00Apparatus used in shaping articles
    • F16C2322/12Rolling apparatus, e.g. rolling stands, rolls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

为了使一个通过液压应力加载使一个通过圆锥配合固定在一个通过轴承座(4)设置在一个轧机机架中的轧辊(2)、尤其是支承辊的逐渐变细的轧辊轴经(3)上的圆锥滚子轴承(1)预紧,使所述圆锥滚子轴承(1)的轴承内环(18)、滚子(17)和轴承外环(13)通过在轧制期间产生的压力加载并相对于轧辊(2)预紧。一个这样的压力加载装置(5)通过一个位于一个轧辊端部轴经(8)上的推力轴承(9)支承在轧辊(2)上,通过相对于圆锥滚子轴承(1)的轴承外环(13)的定位面设置并且在压力加载时使所述轴承座(4)通过轴承外环(13)向着辊身(15)移动或者使轧辊(2)在相反的方向上移动。

Description

用于使一个轧机轧辊的圆锥滚子轴承预紧的方法和装置
本发明涉及一种用于通过液压压力加载使一个通过圆锥配合固定在一个通过轴承座设置在一个轧机机架中的轧辊、尤其是支承辊的逐渐变细的轧辊轴经上的圆锥滚子轴承预紧的方法和装置。
通过EP 0 425 072 B1已知一种具有一个用于一个轧机轧辊的锥体的圆锥滚子轴承。该锥体具有多个向外指向的倾斜的工作面和多个具有倾斜工作面的轴承外环。为了防止与轴承内环相反不固定的具有圆锥滚子的轴承外环从轧辊轴经上滑下来,使圆锥滚子轴承借助于四个使轴承座在驱动侧和操纵侧上相互张紧的拉杆预紧。这一点通过围绕拉杆设置的弹簧得到支持,它们施加一个轴向取向的作用力;也可以选择和/或附加地为此设有流体控制的缸体。对于在这里总体上敞开系统的固定所必需的拉杆不仅需要较费事的装配,而且由于对于拉杆必需的通孔也导致材料削弱。
由DE 195 04 401 C1已知,在使用一个液压锁紧螺母或者一个具有多个相互间液压连接活塞的轴承调整环或环状缸体时首先在高压下一个圆锥滚子轴承被预紧并接着无压力地被卸压。为此活塞的一个中间连接止推环通过这些附属的间隔体相对于轴承内环加载。
在圆锥滚子轴承预紧后所述间隔体在锁紧螺母无压力、但是液压连接或轴承调整环液压连接的情况下去除。结果是由此调节轴承间隙、即轴承内环和止推环之间的间隙,方法是使轴承调整环首先以压力加载然后无压力地释放,但是由此能够不阻止在圆锥轴承本身中、即在轴承内环与在锥形的轧辊轴经上的顶靠面之间调整间隙。
在轧机运行中已经显示出,对于已知的圆锥滚子轴承,在其中支承轧辊的两个端部,不可避免地产生一个振颤(shattern)并且由此引起的振动减少轴承使用寿命。此外在非常高的轧制速度时对于轧制材料的质量产生不利影响,因此不能充分利用最大可能实现的轧制速度。因此不能达到设备的全部生产效率。
因此本发明的目的是,提供一种上述形式的方法和装置,它们实现无振动的轧辊轴承、尤其是支承辊轴承并由此获得更长的轴承使用寿命,并且通过它们能够避免上述的缺陷。
这个目的按照本发明的方法由此得以实现,所述圆锥滚子轴承的轴承内环、滚子和轴承外环通过在轧制期间产生的压力加载并相对于轧辊预紧。由此能够使圆锥滚子轴承本身总是无间隙的,即在整个运行期间在轴承内环、滚子和轴承外环之间不再出现空隙。不再出现振颤现象,因为轴承滚子由于径向的、相对于轧辊作用的预张紧在滚动圈中总是找到定位。如同研究证明的那样,由此使轴承的使用寿命与常见的轴承相比明显提高(几乎翻倍)。此外提高设备的生产能力。此外能够实现具有滚子轴承的轧辊的安装和拆卸,因为部件总是固定在一起并且不会相互脱落。
按照本发明的优选建议可以使在每个轧辊端部上存在的圆锥滚子轴承通过预调节的液压压力预紧或者有选择地根据轧制力调节地预紧。在每个轧辊端部上或者在每侧上存在一个封闭的系统,其中根据轧制力的预紧调节能够实现动态的轴承预紧或夹紧。当轧制力加大时,液压压力也加大,反之亦然。
一种用于执行本方法的装置按照本发明规定,一个环状压力加载装置通过一个位于轧辊端部轴经上的推力轴承支承在轧辊上,通过相顶靠圆锥滚子轴承的轴承外环上并且在压力加载时使所述轴承座通过轴承外环向着辊身移动或者使轧辊在相反的方向上移动。通过使所述压力加载装置、有利地是一个具有多个相互间液压连接的单个活塞的环状缸体,也可以选择一个环形活塞设置在推力轴承、例如圆锥滚子轴承或自动调心滚子轴承上并且使压力加载或者通过轴承座在轧辊纵向上向着辊身的移动或者通过轧辊在相反方向上、即向外的移动施加到圆锥滚子轴承的轴承外环上,能够使圆锥滚子轴承相对于轧辊径向夹紧,使得在圆锥滚子轴承中不再存在间隙。由此使轴承尽可能没有振动。
在此提出,为了传递压力在压力加载装置与圆锥滚子轴承的轴承外环之间设有一个止推环,它按照本发明的一个结构方案能够由与轴承座一体的径向内凸缘构成。
如果压力加载装置和推力轴承设置在轴承座里面,则整个的、连接在轧辊每侧上的、自身支承的系统从外面不可见地且受保护地安置。
本发明的其它特征和细节由权利要求和下面的在一个唯一的附图中示出的本发明实施例的描述给出。
由一个未示出的常见轧制机架中作为细节的附图以一个局部纵向截面图示出一个两侧分别支承在一个圆锥滚子轴承1中的轧辊2的一个端部。多列的圆锥滚子轴承1在一个向外逐渐变细的轧辊轴经3上设有锥形配合并且设置在一个轧辊轴承座4里面。在轧辊2的每侧或每个端部上在轧辊轴承座4中安置一个环状的压力加载机构5,它在这里由一个具有许多单个活塞6的环状缸体7构成并且通过一个设置在圆柱形轧辊端部轴经8上的轴向圆锥滚子轴承9相对于轧辊2支承。该环状缸体7和其单个活塞6通过一个管道接头10连接在一个未示出的压力介质供给源上。
通过推力轴承9安置在轧辊轴承座4的一个回转槽里面的环状缸体7在压力加载其单个活塞6时通过一个止推环11直接作用于圆锥滚子轴承1的轴承外环13上并且起到使轧辊轴承座4在箭头方向14上向着辊身15移动或者使轧辊2在相反方向上按照箭头16移动的作用,在此,该止推环由与轧辊轴承座4一体的径向内凸缘12构成。由此使所述轴承外环16径向相对于轧辊2张紧,因此使圆锥滚子轴承1总是无间隙的,即在轴承外环13、滚子17与轴承内环18之间不存在空隙。所述滚子17在轴承内环18中总是以一个大的接触面顶靠。
所述环状缸体7永久地以压力加载,由此使圆锥滚子轴承1在整个轧辊运行期间无间隙地且相对于轧辊张紧。由此并非无压力地减压的环状缸体7能够实现一个根据轧制力的动态调节。由此使轧辊轴承无振动并且在高速轧制时保证长久的轴承使用寿命。这一点同时能够使以高质量的轧制物提高产量。

Claims (9)

1.用于通过液压压力加载使圆锥滚子轴承(1)预紧的方法,圆锥滚子轴承通过圆锥配合固定在通过轴承座(4)设置在轧机机架中的轧辊(2)、尤其是支承辊的逐渐变细的轧辊轴颈(3)上,其特征在于,所述圆锥滚子轴承(1)的轴承内环(18)、滚子(17)和轴承外环(13)通过在轧制期间产生的压力加载并相对于轧辊(2)张紧。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述圆锥滚子轴承(1)通过预调节的液压压力预紧。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述圆锥滚子轴承(1)根据轧制力调节地张紧。
4.用于通过液压压力加载使圆锥滚子轴承(1)预紧的装置,圆锥滚子轴承通过圆锥配合固定在通过轴承座(4)设置在一个轧机机架中的轧辊(2)、尤其是支承辊的逐渐变细的轧辊轴经(3)上,该装置用于执行如上述权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,环状压力加载装置(5)通过位于轧辊端部轴颈(8)上的推力轴承(9)支承在轧辊(2)上,并与圆锥滚子轴承(1)的轴承外环(13)顶靠设置并且在压力加载时使所述轴承座(4)及轴承外环(13)向着轧辊轴(15)移动或者使轧辊(2)在相反的方向上移动。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,所述压力加载装置(5)是具有多个单个活塞(6)的环状缸体(7)。
6.如权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,所述压力加载装置(5)是环形活塞。
7.如权利要求4至6中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述压力加载装置(5)和推力轴承(9)设置在轴承座(4)里面。
8.如权利要求4至7中任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,在压力加载装置(5)与圆锥滚子轴承(1)的轴承外环(13)之间设有止推环(11)。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述止推环(11)由与轴承座(4)一体的径向内凸缘(12)构成。
CNB200480036318XA 2003-12-16 2004-11-18 用于使一个轧机轧辊的圆锥滚子轴承预紧的装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100408210C (zh)

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DE10358869.8 2003-12-16
DE2003158869 DE10358869A1 (de) 2003-12-16 2003-12-16 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vorspannen von Kegelrollenlagern einer Walzwerkswalze

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JP (1) JP4620684B2 (zh)
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CN116512019A (zh) * 2023-06-26 2023-08-01 华辰精密装备(昆山)股份有限公司 高精度头尾架顶尖结构及轧辊磨床

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CN102470409B (zh) * 2009-07-30 2015-11-25 蒂姆肯公司 用于辊轧机内的滚动元件轴承的定位的方法和设备
DE102010005537A1 (de) 2010-01-23 2011-07-28 Schaeffler Technologies GmbH & Co. KG, 91074 Axial verspanntes Wälzlager
DE102010013627A1 (de) * 2010-04-01 2011-10-06 Aktiebolaget Skf Lageranordnung und Getriebe
CN105317833A (zh) * 2014-07-28 2016-02-10 优必胜(上海)精密轴承制造有限公司 一种轧机用组合轴承

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US4341426A (en) * 1980-10-22 1982-07-27 The Timken Company Clamp-up device for roll neck bearings
CN85108036B (zh) * 1985-05-06 1988-08-17 托林顿公司 多排滚柱轴承
US4626111A (en) * 1985-07-25 1986-12-02 Farrel Corporation Self-compensating anti-friction bearing clearance device
US4938615A (en) * 1989-10-26 1990-07-03 The Timken Company Roll neck bearing
JP2524309B2 (ja) * 1993-10-06 1996-08-14 桂一郎 吉田 高精度圧延方法及び装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116512019A (zh) * 2023-06-26 2023-08-01 华辰精密装备(昆山)股份有限公司 高精度头尾架顶尖结构及轧辊磨床
CN116512019B (zh) * 2023-06-26 2023-09-26 华辰精密装备(昆山)股份有限公司 高精度头尾架顶尖结构及轧辊磨床

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RU2365441C2 (ru) 2009-08-27
JP2007513781A (ja) 2007-05-31
DE502004009580D1 (de) 2009-07-16
DE10358869A1 (de) 2005-07-14
RU2006125427A (ru) 2008-01-27
WO2005061140A1 (de) 2005-07-07
JP4620684B2 (ja) 2011-01-26
EP1699574A1 (de) 2006-09-13
ATE432779T1 (de) 2009-06-15
CN100408210C (zh) 2008-08-06
EP1699574B1 (de) 2009-06-03

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