CN1804946B

CN1804946B - Method of producing three-dimensional plant specimen

Info

Publication number: CN1804946B
Application number: CN 200510133937
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谭黎霞; 包群; 段世民
Original assignee: Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of CAS
Current assignee: Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of CAS
Priority date: 2005-12-19
Filing date: 2005-12-19
Publication date: 2010-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2025-12-19
Also published as: CN1804946A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for making plant stereo dry specimen which comprises the following steps: choosing the plant, collecting, preparing for the dehydrator, making the mode, softening the plant, absorbing the water and drying, shaping and fixing. The stereo dry specimen comprises the completeness integrity of the plant mode.

Description

The method for making of three-dimensional plant specimen

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method for making of three-dimensional plant specimen

Background technology

At present, traditional method for making is still used in the making of plant specimen both at home and abroad, be about to the plant complete stool or the branch wounded in the battle, the band fruit of collection, be layered on the thieving paper and set level, covering pressure thieving paper, clamping, using the rope strap again with clamping plate, be positioned over the ventilation natural air drying, again plants shoots after air-dry or complete stool be fixed on the platform paper.This traditional method is characterized in conveniently, easily goes, can make in a large number.But also there are many problems,, easily go mouldy or qualitative change as in the absorbent drying process; Since be the compacting, plant can't keep the growthform in former habitat, the flower, really, phyllomorphosis, very big change also can take place in color.Therefore, can cause plant some and the closely-related information of form to be lost or mislead.In the long term, the integrality of plant relevant information just seems particularly important to research.As angle from botanical system classification, the kind of some plant and the difference of kind just be the flower of plant, really, morphological differences that leaf is trickle.For example: the pistil of plant of Solanaceae chrysanthemum thorn eggplant and the direction of corolla have two kinds, and the one, left-handed, another then is dextrorotation.

The decoration of selling on domestic and international market plant dried flower, method commonly used has:

Dry investment:, behind the suck dry moisture, make ornamental dried flower with drying agent embedded plant body commonly used such as salt, sand, silica gel.

The organic solvent infusion method: utilizing has certain volatile glycerine and not volatile organic liquor, as the final substitute of moisture in its flower material, fills the moisture that plant loses in the flower material dry run.

Cryogenic temperature freezing drying: under low temperature environment, vacuumize decompression, after the formation negative pressure, plant is dried out under low temperature environment, make dried flower.

The dried flower that utilizes these methods to produce can be used as usually and views and admires, decorates usefulness, and is that research work is still waiting deficiency at complete reservation scientific research message context.

The present invention is through for many years continuous trial and test, develops realistic by force, and the method for making of three-dimensional exsiccata that can complete reservation plant research information is arranged.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is, a kind of method for making of three-dimensional plant specimen is provided, and this method is to make by the selection of plant and collection, preparation drying agent, Mold Making, plant softening, absorbent drying and orthopedic fixation step.The plant specimen of making by this method has the integrality of phytomorph, can comprehensively represent the former habitat growth of plant attitude, scientific research information that can the original plant of more preservations, be not subjected to the restriction in equipment and place, can directly make in the open air, more help characteristics such as the classification of plant and evaluation are had more intuitive and artistry, be convenient to Popular Science Education.

The method for making of three-dimensional plant specimen of the present invention follows these steps to carry out:

Selection of a, plant and collection are used complete stool for the plant of 5-40cm, select one section spray or fruit branch greater than the plant of 40cm, during collection, flower, really, leaf is full;

B, preparation drying agent: flour sand, silica gel granularity are the 60-80 order and the plant meal is a pine powder, granularity is the 10-20 order and mixes in the ratio of 1-3: 2-3: 7-4;

C, Mold Making: make funneling with cardboard, benzene plate, fixedly inflorescence or corolla are made the petal liner as heart, kidney shape, ellipse with sclerderm paper, with the space between soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits filling plant stem, leaf, flower, fruit;

D, plant softening: the plant of gathering is positioned under the lucifuge environment, and relative humidity is 40-70%, carries out softening, and the time is 1-12 hour, and the softening temperature is 20-26 ℃;

E, absorbent drying: spread the 10-15 layer on plank with thieving paper earlier, to be placed on through the plant that softening was handled on the thieving paper, each sheet leaf is launched to flatten, flower, fruit are fixed with mould, the liner made, and put into drying agent, fill with soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits in the space between stem, leaf, flower, the fruit, cover 10-15 layer thieving paper again, and press the lastblock plank, and carry out dried putting weight, the time is 12-48 hour;

F, orthopedic fixation: the plant that drying is good, the 85-95% that dries out is fixed on the support, according to the form of plant habitat, reverse each branch, the contrast of its outward appearance and former habitat form is adjusted after, it is positioned over natural air drying in the environment of ventilation, and the time is 2-48 hour.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

The making of a, false spiraea: select one section spray or fruit branch, during collection, flower, really, leaf is full;

B, preparation drying agent: flour sand, silica gel granularity are 60 orders and the plant meal is a pine powder, granularity is 10 orders and mixes in 1: 2: 7 ratio;

C, Mold Making: make funneling with cardboard, fixing inflorescence is with the space between soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits filling plant stem, leaf, flower, fruit;

D, plant softening: the plant of gathering is positioned under the lucifuge environment, and relative humidity is 40%, carries out softening, and the time is 1 hour, and the softening temperature is 20 ℃;

E, absorbent drying: spread the 10-15 layer on plank with thieving paper earlier, to be placed on through the plant that softening was handled on the thieving paper, each sheet leaf is launched to flatten, flower, fruit are fixed with the mould of having made, and put into drying agent, fill with soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits in the space between stem, leaf, flower, the fruit, cover 10-15 layer thieving paper again, and press the lastblock plank, and carry out dried putting weight, the time is 36 hours;

F, orthopedic fixation: the plant that drying is good, the 85-95% that dries out is fixed on the support, according to the form of plant habitat, reverse each branch, the contrast of its outward appearance and former habitat form is adjusted after, it is positioned over natural air drying in the environment of ventilation, and the time is 12 hours.

Embodiment 2

A, summer, rubber made: select its branch that fruit is arranged, during collection, flower, really, leaf is full;

B, preparation drying agent: flour sand, silica gel granularity are 70 orders and the plant meal is a pine powder, granularity is 15 orders and mixes in 2: 3: 5 ratio;

C, Mold Making: make funneling with the benzene plate, make liner, with the space between soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits filling plant stem, leaf, fruit with sclerderm paper;

D, plant softening: the plant of gathering is positioned under the lucifuge environment, and relative humidity is 40-70%, carries out softening, and the time is 5 hours, and the softening temperature is 22 ℃;

E, absorbent drying: spread the 10-15 layer on plank with thieving paper earlier, to be placed on through the plant that softening was handled on the thieving paper, each sheet leaf is launched to flatten, fruit is fixed with mould, the liner made, and put into drying agent, fill with soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits in the space between stem, leaf, the fruit, cover 10-15 layer thieving paper again, and press the lastblock plank, and carry out dried putting weight, the time is 12 hours;

F, orthopedic fixation: the plant that drying is good, the 85-95% that dries out is fixed on the support, according to the form of plant habitat, reverse each branch, the contrast of its outward appearance and former habitat form is adjusted after, it is positioned over natural air drying in the environment of ventilation, and the time is 2 hours.

Embodiment 3

A, Lombardy poplar make: select one section spray or fruit branch, during collection, flower, really, leaf is full;

B, preparation drying agent: flour sand, silica gel granularity are 80 orders and the plant meal is a pine powder, granularity is 20 orders and mixes in 3: 3: 4 ratio;

D, plant softening: the plant of gathering is positioned under the lucifuge environment, and relative humidity is 40-70%, carries out softening, and the time is 12 hours, and the softening temperature is 26 ℃;

E, absorbent drying: spread the 10-15 layer on plank with thieving paper earlier, to be placed on through the plant that softening was handled on the thieving paper, each sheet leaf is launched to flatten, flower, fruit are fixed with mould, the liner made, and put into drying agent, fill with soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits in the space between stem, leaf, flower, the fruit, cover 10-15 layer thieving paper again, and press the lastblock plank, and carry out dried putting weight, the time is 48 hours;

F, orthopedic fixation: the plant that drying is good, the 85-95% that dries out is fixed on the support, according to the form of plant habitat, reverse each branch, the contrast of its outward appearance and former habitat form is adjusted after, it is positioned over natural air drying in the environment of ventilation, and the time is 24 hours.

Embodiment 4

The making of a, cotton: select one section spray or fruit branch, during collection, flower, really, leaf is full;

B, preparation drying agent: flour sand, silica gel granularity are 75 orders and the plant meal is a pine powder, granularity is 15 orders and mixes in 2: 2: 6 ratio;

C, Mold Making: make funneling with the benzene plate, fixedly corolla is made petal liner such as heart or kidney shape or ellipse with sclerderm paper, with the space between soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits filling plant stem, leaf, flower, fruit;

D, plant softening: the plant of gathering is positioned under the lucifuge environment, and relative humidity is 40-70%, carries out softening, and the time is 10 hours, and the softening temperature is 25 ℃;

E, absorbent drying: spread the 10-15 layer on plank with thieving paper earlier, to be placed on through the plant that softening was handled on the thieving paper, each sheet leaf is launched to flatten, flower, fruit are fixed with mould, the liner made, and put into drying agent, fill with soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits in the space between stem, leaf, flower, the fruit, cover 10-15 layer thieving paper again, and press the lastblock plank, and carry out dried putting weight, the time is 28 hours;

F, orthopedic fixation: the plant that drying is good, the 85-95% that dries out is fixed on the support, according to the form of plant habitat, reverse each branch, the contrast of its outward appearance and former habitat form is adjusted after, it is positioned over natural air drying in the environment of ventilation, and the time is 48 hours.

Claims

1. the method for making of a three-dimensional plant specimen is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:

C, Mold Making: make funneling with cardboard, benzene plate, fixedly inflorescence or corolla are made the petal liner with sclerderm paper, with the space between soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits filling plant stem, leaf, flower, fruit;

E, absorbent drying: spread the 10-15 layer on plank with thieving paper earlier, to be placed on through the plant that softening was handled on the thieving paper, each sheet leaf is launched to flatten, flower, fruit are fixed with mould, the liner made, and put into drying agent, fill with soft paper, cotton, asbestos bits in the space between stem, leaf, flower, the fruit, cover 10-15 layer thieving paper again, and press the lastblock plank, and to put weight and carry out dried, the time is 12-48 hour;