CN1796868A - Cleansing combustion method for coal and combustion furnace - Google Patents

Cleansing combustion method for coal and combustion furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1796868A
CN1796868A CN 200410103542 CN200410103542A CN1796868A CN 1796868 A CN1796868 A CN 1796868A CN 200410103542 CN200410103542 CN 200410103542 CN 200410103542 A CN200410103542 A CN 200410103542A CN 1796868 A CN1796868 A CN 1796868A
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China
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chamber
pyrolysis
burning
pyrolysis gas
coal
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CN 200410103542
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CN100368725C (en
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何京东
董利
宋文立
高士秋
李静海
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Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Abstract

A combustion furnace burning coal thoroughly is prepared as setting pyrolytic chamber and burn out chamber symmetrically in isolated way, setting the first and the second pyrolyzed gas combustion chamber below them, setting water jacket between pyrolytic chamber and burn out chamber and setting isolation wall with through hole between two said pyrolytic chambers, setting water cooling fire grate at bottom of pyrolytic chamber and burn out chamber, setting ventilation hole separately on all said chambers, setting coal charge door separately at top of pyrolytic and burn out chambers being all connected to chimney.

Description

A kind of coal clean combustion method and combustion furnace
Technical field
The invention belongs to the combustion technology and the combustion apparatus field of raw coal, particularly a kind of boiler jet-black, nitrogen oxide (NO of reducing x) and the clean combustion method and the combustion furnace of the coal of carbon monoxide (CO) discharging.
Background technology
China's atmosphere pollution is mainly derived from the burning of coal.A large amount of small scall coal-fired boiler and the domestic burners of China all adopts traditional combustion method at present, and efficiency of combustion is low, and is seriously polluted.Develop middle-size and small-size clean burning technical equipment, China is reduced pollute, the protection environment has crucial meaning.
Conventional boiler is simple in structure, and fire coal directly enters the burner hearth burning, and air feed and coal combustion product co-flow are directly discharged the burner hearth of high temperature.Because flue gas is few and coal combustion product and excess air mixing inequality in the high-temperature region time of staying, CO and jet-black fail to burn on the one hand, on the other hand the NO that burns and produce xFail to reduce, efficiency of combustion is low simultaneously to cause environmental pollution.If improve excess air coefficient or fire box temperature, though make the discharging of CO, jet-black reduce NO xDischarging but increase thereupon, and flue gas loss increases; Otherwise, if reduce excess air coefficient or fire box temperature, though make NO xDischarging reduce, but the discharging of CO, jet-black increases thereupon.
Patent of invention ZL95 102081.1 discloses a kind of low NO xSmokeless coal-burning method and combustion furnace, coal at first utilizes self calory burning hypoxemia pyrolytic gasification in vaporizer, semicoke remaining after the coal gasification burns in the combustion chamber, because its vaporizer mainly carries out hypoxemia destructive distillation, the pyrolysis of coal, pyrolysis rate is slower, and it suppresses NO xDischarging is mainly carried out in the semicoke district, but because a big chunk pyrolysis gas burns the NO that this partial thermal decomposition gas firing is produced above the semicoke layer xHave no chance to contact with jet-black, so the semicoke layer is to this part NO with the semicoke layer xNot elimination effect with jet-black.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of boiler jet-black, nitrogen oxide (NO of reducing x) and the coal clean combustion method of carbon monoxide (CO) discharging.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of coal clean combustion furnace, can reduce boiler jet-black, nitrogen oxide (NO x) and carbon monoxide (CO) discharging.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Coal clean combustion furnace provided by the invention, its structure is as shown in Figure 1; This coal clean combustion furnace comprises:
Symmetric arrangement and apart pyrolysis chamber that opens 20 and burning chamber 6, the below of described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 is respectively equipped with the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11; Be provided with water jacket 19 between described pyrolysis chamber 20 and the burning chamber 6, be provided with partition wall 12 between the described first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11, described partition wall 12 is provided with the intercommunicating pore 13 that is communicated with the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11; Water-cooled grate 9 is installed in bottom in described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6; Be respectively equipped with air vent 18,7,14 and 10 on the sidewall of described pyrolysis chamber 20, burning chamber 6, the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11; The top of described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 is respectively equipped with firing door 21 and 4; One chimney 22 that is installed in described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 tops is connected with pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 simultaneously, and the turning baffle plate 26 and 2 that is enclosed between chimney 22 and pyrolysis chamber 20 and the burning chamber 6 is set in chimney 22.
Coal clean combustion method provided by the invention, its combustion step is as follows:
1) opens turning baffle plate 26 between pyrolysis chamber 20 and the chimney 22 at first respectively, turnover baffle plate 4 between burning chamber 6 and the chimney 22, so that pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 communicate with chimney 22, open the air vent 18,7,14 and 10 on pyrolysis chamber 20, burning chamber 6, the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber, 11 sidewalls again;
2) add a small amount of coal respectively by firing door 21 and the firing door 4 that is arranged on pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 tops in pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6, and coal is lighted, the coal in pyrolysis chamber 20 and the burning chamber 6 takes fire;
3) after coal was lighted, the coal volatile matter took fire, and volatile combustion finishes back coal formation semicoke layer and burns away; In pyrolysis chamber 20, volatile combustion is closed turning baffle plate 26 and air inlet 18 after finishing, and adds coal from coal filling hole 21; Under the heat effect that the coke burning produces, the pyrolysis under anoxia condition of initiate coal produces pyrolysis gas and semicoke, under the suction function of chimney 22, the semicoke floor that pyrolysis gas passes pyrolysis chamber 20 enters the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15, in pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15, pyrolysis gas and the air mixed combustion that enters by ventilating opening 14, the flue gas of burning is by entering the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11 every the intercommunicating pore 13 on the partition wall 12 between the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11, and the combustible that does not burn is proceeded burning in the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11; Flue gases in the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11 are during by the semicoke floor in the burning chamber 6, the NO in the flue gas xBe reduced into N by semicoke 2, the CO in burning chamber 6 in the flue gas is burnt;
4) after the coal pyrolysis in pyrolysis chamber 20 finishes, open turning baffle plate 26 and air vent 18;
5) close air vent 7 that is arranged on burning chamber's 6 sidewalls and the turning baffle plate 2 that is positioned at burning chamber 6 and flue 22 connections place, in burning chamber 6, add coal, in burning chamber 6 under the effect of coke calory burning, the coal pyrolysis under anoxia condition that adds, produce pyrolysis gas and semicoke, under the suction function of chimney 22, the semicoke floor that pyrolysis gas in the burning chamber 6 passes burning chamber 6 enters the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11, pyrolysis gas and the air mixed combustion that enters by ventilating opening 7 within it, the flue gas of burning enters in the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 by the intercommunicating pore 13 on the partition wall between the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11, and the combustible that does not burn is proceeded burning; Flue gas in the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 is during by the semicoke floor in the pyrolysis chamber 20, and the NOx in the flue gas is reduced into N by semicoke 2, the CO in the pyrolysis chamber in the flue gas is burnt;
6) after the coal pyrolysis in the burning chamber 6 finished, circulation repeated above-mentioned steps 4 repeatedly) and step 5);
7) lime-ash that produces in the combustion process is fallen on the water-cooled grate 9, after lime-ash is stacked into to a certain degree, is removed by the shoot door that is positioned at furnace bottom.
Clean combustion furnace of coal provided by the invention and clean combustion method, characteristics are: coal-fired pyrolysis gas at first passes the semicoke layer, fully burns then, and the flue gas that the burning back produces passes another semicoke layer again, in the process of passing twice semicoke layer, the NO in the flue gas is reduced to N 2, CO is oxidized to CO 2
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the clean combustion furnace of coal of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of clean combustion furnace one embodiment of coal; As seen from the figure, coal clean combustion furnace provided by the invention comprises:
Symmetric arrangement and apart pyrolysis chamber that opens 20 and burning chamber 6, the below of described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 is respectively equipped with the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11; Be provided with water jacket 19 between described pyrolysis chamber 20 and the burning chamber 6, be provided with partition wall 12 between the described first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11, described partition wall 12 is provided with the intercommunicating pore 13 that is communicated with the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11; In the bottom of described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 first water-cooled grate 9 is installed; Be respectively equipped with air vent 18,7,14 and 10 on the sidewall of described pyrolysis chamber 20, burning chamber 6, the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11; The top of described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 is respectively equipped with firing door 21 and 4; One chimney 22 that is installed in described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 tops is connected with pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 simultaneously, and the turning baffle plate 26 and 2 that is enclosed between chimney 22 and pyrolysis chamber 20 and the burning chamber 6 is set in chimney 22.
Its clean burning step is as follows:
1) opens turning baffle plate 26 between pyrolysis chamber 20 and the chimney 22 at first respectively, turnover baffle plate 4 between burning chamber 6 and the chimney 22, so that pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 communicate with chimney 22, open the air vent 18,7,14 and 10 on pyrolysis chamber 20, burning chamber 6, the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber, 11 sidewalls again;
2) cross the firing door 21 and the firing door 4 that are arranged on pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6 tops and add a small amount of coal respectively in pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber 6, and coal is lighted, the coal in pyrolysis chamber 20 and the burning chamber 6 takes fire;
3) after coal was lighted, the coal volatile matter took fire, and volatile combustion finishes back coal formation semicoke layer and burns away; In pyrolysis chamber 20, volatile combustion is closed turning baffle plate 26 and air inlet 18 after finishing, and adds coal from coal filling hole 21; Under the heat effect that the coke burning produces, the pyrolysis under anoxia condition of initiate coal produces pyrolysis gas and semicoke, under the suction function of chimney 22, the semicoke floor that pyrolysis gas passes pyrolysis chamber 20 enters the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15, in pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15, pyrolysis gas and the air mixed combustion that enters by ventilating opening 14, the flue gas of burning is by entering the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11 every the intercommunicating pore 13 on the partition wall 12 between the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11, and the combustible that does not burn is proceeded burning in the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11; Flue gases in the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11 are during by the semicoke floor in the burning chamber 6, and the NOx in the flue gas is reduced into N by semicoke 2, the CO in burning chamber 6 in the flue gas is burnt;
4) after the coal pyrolysis in pyrolysis chamber 20 finishes, open turning baffle plate 26 and air vent 18;
5) close air vent 7 that is arranged on burning chamber's 6 sidewalls and the turning baffle plate 2 that is positioned at burning chamber 6 and flue 22 connections place, in burning chamber 6, add coal, in burning chamber 6 under the effect of coke calory burning, the coal pyrolysis under anoxia condition that adds, produce pyrolysis gas and semicoke, under the suction function of chimney 22, the semicoke floor that pyrolysis gas in the burning chamber 6 passes burning chamber 6 enters the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11, pyrolysis gas and the air mixed combustion that enters by ventilating opening 7 within it, the flue gas of burning enters in the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 by the intercommunicating pore 13 on the partition wall between the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber 11, and the combustible that does not burn is proceeded burning; Flue gas in the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber 15 is during by the semicoke floor in the pyrolysis chamber 20, and the NOx in the flue gas is reduced into N by semicoke 2, the CO in the pyrolysis chamber in the flue gas is burnt;
6) after the coal pyrolysis in the burning chamber 6 finished, circulation repeated above-mentioned steps 4 repeatedly) and step 5);
7) lime-ash that produces in the combustion process is fallen on the water-cooled grate 9, after lime-ash is stacked into to a certain degree, is removed by the shoot door that is positioned at furnace bottom.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of coal clean combustion furnace is characterized in that, this clean combustion furnace comprises:
Symmetric arrangement and apart pyrolysis chamber that opens (20) and burning chamber (6), the below of described pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) is respectively equipped with the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11); Be provided with water jacket (19) between described pyrolysis chamber (20) and the burning chamber (6), be provided with partition wall (12) between the described first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11), described partition wall (12) is provided with the intercommunicating pore (13) that is communicated with the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11); Water-cooled grate (9) is installed in bottom in described pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6).
Be respectively equipped with air vent (18,7,14,10) on the sidewall of described pyrolysis chamber (20), burning chamber (6), the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11); The top of described pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) is respectively equipped with firing door (21) and (4); One chimney (22) that is installed in described pyrolysis chamber 20 and burning chamber (6) top is connected with pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) simultaneously, and turning baffle plate (26) and (2) that are enclosed between chimney (22) and pyrolysis chamber (20) and the burning chamber (6) are set in chimney (22).
2, a kind of clean combustion method that uses the described coal clean combustion furnace of claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out clean burning in clean combustion furnace, and the structure of described clean combustion furnace comprises:
Symmetric arrangement and apart pyrolysis chamber that opens (20) and burning chamber (6), the below of described pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) is respectively equipped with the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11); Be provided with water jacket (19) between described pyrolysis chamber (20) and the burning chamber (6), be provided with partition wall (12) between the described first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11), described partition wall (12) is provided with the intercommunicating pore (13) that is communicated with the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11); Water-cooled grate (9) is installed in bottom in described pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6).
Be respectively equipped with air vent (18), (7), (14) and (10) on the sidewall of described pyrolysis chamber (20), burning chamber (6), the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11); The top of described pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) is respectively equipped with firing door (21) and (4); One chimney (22) that is installed in described pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) top is connected with pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) simultaneously, and turning baffle plate (26) and (2) that are enclosed between chimney (22) and pyrolysis chamber (20) and the burning chamber (6) are set in chimney (22);
Its combustion step is as follows:
1) opens turning baffle plate (26) between pyrolysis chamber (20) and the chimney (22) at first respectively, turnover baffle plate (4) between burning chamber (6) and the chimney (22), so that pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) communicate with chimney (22), open the air vent (18,7,14 and 10) on pyrolysis chamber (20), burning chamber (6), the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11) sidewall again;
2) in pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6), add a small amount of coal respectively from firing door (21) and the firing door (4) that is arranged on pyrolysis chamber (20) and burning chamber (6) top, and coal lighted, the coal in pyrolysis chamber (20) and the burning chamber (6) takes fire;
3) after coal was lighted, the coal volatile matter took fire, and volatile combustion finishes back coal formation semicoke layer and burns away; In pyrolysis chamber (20), volatile combustion is closed turning baffle plate (26) and air inlet (18) after finishing, and adds coal from coal filling hole (21); Under the heat effect that the coke burning produces, the pyrolysis under anoxia condition of initiate coal produces pyrolysis gas and semicoke, under the suction function of chimney (22), the semicoke floor that pyrolysis gas passes pyrolysis chamber (20) enters the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15), pyrolysis gas and the air mixed combustion that enters by ventilating opening (14) in pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15), the flue gas of burning is by entering the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11) every the intercommunicating pore (13) on the partition wall (12) between the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11), and the combustible that does not burn is proceeded burning in the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11); Flue gas in the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11) is during by the semicoke floor in the burning chamber (6), and the NOx in the flue gas is reduced into N by semicoke 2, the CO in burning chamber (6) in the flue gas is burnt;
4) after the coal pyrolysis in pyrolysis chamber (20) finishes, open turning baffle plate (26) and air vent (18);
5) close and be arranged on the air vent (7) on burning chamber (6) sidewall and be positioned at burning chamber (6) and the turning baffle plate (2) of flue (22) connection place, in burning chamber (6), add coal, in burning chamber (6) under the effect of coke calory burning, the coal pyrolysis under anoxia condition that adds, produce pyrolysis gas and semicoke, under the suction function of chimney (22), the semicoke floor that pyrolysis gas in the burning chamber (6) passes burning chamber (6) enters the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11), pyrolysis gas and the air mixed combustion that enters by ventilating opening (7) within it, the flue gas of burning enters in the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) by the intercommunicating pore (13) on the partition wall between the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) and the second pyrolysis gas firing chamber (11), and the combustible that does not burn is proceeded burning; Flue gas in the first pyrolysis gas firing chamber (15) is during by the semicoke floor in the pyrolysis chamber (20), and the NOx in the flue gas is reduced into N by semicoke 2, the CO in the pyrolysis chamber in the flue gas is burnt;
6) after the coal pyrolysis in the burning chamber (6) finished, circulation repeated above-mentioned steps 4 repeatedly) and step 5);
7) lime-ash that produces in the combustion process is fallen on the water-cooled grate (9), after lime-ash is stacked into to a certain degree, is removed by the shoot door that is positioned at furnace bottom.
CNB2004101035428A 2004-12-29 2004-12-29 Cleansing combustion method for coal and combustion furnace Expired - Fee Related CN100368725C (en)

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CN100368725C CN100368725C (en) 2008-02-13

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102061261A (en) * 2010-11-30 2011-05-18 中国海洋大学 Method for culturing microalgae by utilizing flue gas of coal fired power plant
CN102297421A (en) * 2011-06-27 2011-12-28 中国科学院过程工程研究所 W-type flame decoupling combustion furnace and decoupling combustion method
CN102674339A (en) * 2011-03-09 2012-09-19 盐城永裕福活性炭厂 High-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly active carbon burning furnace
CN102748748A (en) * 2012-06-09 2012-10-24 吴清国 Double-reverse gasification hot-water boiler
CN105258328A (en) * 2015-09-25 2016-01-20 天津百事恒兴暖通设备制造有限公司 Coal-fired environment-friendly furnace
CN105874038A (en) * 2013-12-16 2016-08-17 雷内吉公司 Apparatus for pyrolysing carbonaceous material
CN110006030A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-07-12 西安交通大学 A kind of efficient after-flame of pulverized coal preheating solution and low nitrogen reduction apparatus and method

Family Cites Families (4)

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US6318277B1 (en) * 1999-09-13 2001-11-20 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Method for reducing NOx emissions with minimal increases in unburned carbon and waterwall corrosion
CN1148528C (en) * 2001-09-04 2004-05-05 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Layered decoupling coal-burning technology and mechanical layered decoupling furnace
CN1176317C (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-11-17 上海交通大学 Two-section combustion system with coupled rotary conic feeder and combustion pollution controlling method
CN2788024Y (en) * 2005-01-12 2006-06-14 中国科学院过程工程研究所 Clean coal combustion furnace

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102061261A (en) * 2010-11-30 2011-05-18 中国海洋大学 Method for culturing microalgae by utilizing flue gas of coal fired power plant
CN102061261B (en) * 2010-11-30 2013-04-17 中国海洋大学 Method for culturing microalgae by utilizing flue gas of coal fired power plant
CN102674339A (en) * 2011-03-09 2012-09-19 盐城永裕福活性炭厂 High-efficiency energy-saving environment-friendly active carbon burning furnace
CN102297421A (en) * 2011-06-27 2011-12-28 中国科学院过程工程研究所 W-type flame decoupling combustion furnace and decoupling combustion method
CN102297421B (en) * 2011-06-27 2013-06-05 中国科学院过程工程研究所 W-type flame decoupling combustion furnace and decoupling combustion method
CN102748748A (en) * 2012-06-09 2012-10-24 吴清国 Double-reverse gasification hot-water boiler
CN105874038A (en) * 2013-12-16 2016-08-17 雷内吉公司 Apparatus for pyrolysing carbonaceous material
CN105258328A (en) * 2015-09-25 2016-01-20 天津百事恒兴暖通设备制造有限公司 Coal-fired environment-friendly furnace
CN110006030A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-07-12 西安交通大学 A kind of efficient after-flame of pulverized coal preheating solution and low nitrogen reduction apparatus and method
CN110006030B (en) * 2019-03-19 2020-05-19 西安交通大学 Device and method for efficient burnout and low-nitrogen reduction of pulverized coal pre-pyrolysis

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