CN1176317C - Two-section combustion system with coupled rotary conic feeder and combustion pollution controlling method - Google Patents
Two-section combustion system with coupled rotary conic feeder and combustion pollution controlling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1176317C CN1176317C CNB02157779XA CN02157779A CN1176317C CN 1176317 C CN1176317 C CN 1176317C CN B02157779X A CNB02157779X A CN B02157779XA CN 02157779 A CN02157779 A CN 02157779A CN 1176317 C CN1176317 C CN 1176317C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a two-section combustion system with coupled rotary cone feeder and a combustion pollution controlling method. Fuel gas and steam joint production and combustion pollution control are realized on a single furnace body; the coal particle conveyance and feed are realized by the cone rotation, and a rotary cone feeder is arranged in a combustion bed. Pyrolysis dry distillation or gasification is realized for coal in the feeder by a partition heating method and seepage heat transfer method. The present invention uses the two-section combustion method to realize low NO#-[x] drainage; semi coke generated in the feeder enters the combustion bed to be burnt, and combustible gas enters a combustible gas combustion segment of a combustion furnace to be burnt to realize low SO#-[x] drainage by matching with two-stage desulphurization, wherein the first stage desulphurization section is arranged at a combustible gas outlet of the feeder to desulfurize the combustible gas, and the second stage desulphurization segment is to add calcium base desulfurizing agents in the semi coke combustion bed to realize the combustion process desulphurization. Using the method of the present invention can realize the fuel gas and steam joint production and low contamination drainage on mini-type industrial boilers and combustion furnaces.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of two stage combustion system of the rotating cone dispenser that is coupled, and the method for utilizing this system to carry out Air control, be technology and the device of in single stove, realizing combustion gas steam coproduction and pollutant emission control.
Background technology:
Because requirement on environmental protection, just in the various coal clean combustion of developmental research technology, wherein the most rising is exactly the combustion gas steam joint production process of coal.Combustion gas steam coproduction generally needs the double bed paired running, a production combustion gas, and one produces steam.
People from former Soviet Union studies show that, coal dust is carried out degree of depth heat treatment after-combustion under the condition of anoxic, can reduce the content of nitrogen oxide in sedimental formation on the boiler heating surface and the flue gas significantly.Coal is through hot preliminary treatment after-combustion, and intensity 30～40% when having only unprocessed coal combustion piled up in coking on heating surface, simultaneously in the combustion product content of nitrogen oxide reduce that half is many [Д Е Р И Н Г. И. С, э н e р г e т и к, 1994, No.1; Huang Shaoe, Fujian electric power and electrician, 1995,15 (1): p53].The American designs a kind of screw feeder machine of uniqueness, is heated in advance in the process that coal is carried in screw machine and pyrolysis and desulphurization reaction take place, and experiment has verified that further this heat-treating methods in advance is to reduce NO in the coal combustion product
xAnd SO
xA kind of effective measures of pernicious gas [Yeh T.L., Fuel processingtechnology, 1993, V.33, P33; Lin L., Fuel Processing Technology, 1997, V.53:p15].Unfortunately preheating of this device is to adopt electrical heating method, and this is difficult to apply on commercial plant.
Chinese patent 92225381.1 has been introduced a kind of double bed boiling boiler that gives gas, and coal is at first at the gasifier bed pyrolytic gasification, and the semicoke after the gasification enters burning bed by the overfall on the divider wall between the double bed.This structure is difficult to prevent collaborating mutually of double bed room.Chinese patent CN1203117A discloses a kind of decoupled recirculating fluidized bed combustion system and desulfurization and method of denitration.Adopt the hot ash under the separation of recirculating fluidized bed high-temperature separator to heat raw coal, this patent only adopts the desulfurization of one-level stove internal combustion.
Recently; Holland Twente university discloses a kind of rotating cone bed biomass stalk and solid thermal carriers particle mixed pyrolysis distillation process; isolate solid thermal carriers particle [Meier D. in the cone bed by the rotation of cone; Faix O.; Bioresource Technology 1999,68:p71].But the sectional combustion and the low pollution emission control technology of also having no talent and disclosing a kind of rotating cone dispenser and be used for realizing coal up to the present.
The pyrolysis of coal sulfur method attracts attention deeply in recent years, studies show that the 50-60% that can remove sulfur in the coal by the pyrolysis desulfurization method, even higher.If in follow-up coal-char combustion process, further remove part sulphur, just can make the burning of coal utilization satisfy the Environmental Protection in China standard-required basically.Above-mentioned technical background shows, if the The pre-heat treatment parts of coal are attached in feed and the combustion system, pyrolysis desulfurization and fractional combustion to be reaching low pollution emission before coal burnt, and this will lack than the technology investment of deep purifying discharging flue gas just, difficulty is little.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of two stage combustion system and Air control method of coupling rotating cone dispenser of new structure, in single stove, realize the coproduction of combustion gas steam, and can effectively control pollutant emission.
Basic design of the present invention is: the hot preliminary treatment of realization coal comprises drying, pyrolysis and the gasification of coal in dispenser, for the coal in the dispenser is heated, dispenser is arranged in the combustion chamber, and the high temperature heat source of combustion chamber is realized pyrogenation and carbonization and gasification by partition heating and seepage flow heat transfer type to the coal in the dispenser.In dispenser, realize desulfurization (elementary pyrolysis desulfurization) simultaneously to pyrolysis gas.The fuel gas that dispenser produces is introduced the burning of top, combustion chamber.The semicoke that pyrolysis produces is sent into the burning of bottom, combustion chamber from the dispenser discharge port.In coal-char combustion, add calcium-based desulfurizing agent, can further desulfurization (secondary firing desulfurization) in combustion process.The nitrogen oxide that coal-char combustion produces enters top, combustion chamber, with the synthetic reducing zone of fuel gas buring, reaches the purpose of further reduction amount of nitrogen oxides.Because whole system adopts two-step desulfurization (elementary pyrolysis desulfurization and secondary firing desulfurization) and two stage combustion (fuel gas and semicoke sectional combustion) to suppress nitrogen oxide generation method, can reach the national environmental standard requirement fully.Clean fuel gas behind the once desulfurization can also be drawn as domestic gas or industrial combustion gas and be used, thereby can realize the combustion and steam alliance on the separate unit body of heater.
To achieve these goals, the present invention proposes a kind of rotating cone dispenser of novelty, realizes granule materials conveying and thermal chemical reaction dual-use function in the rotating cone dispenser.
Rotating cone dispenser of the present invention is mainly by rotating cone, fixedly parts such as cone and closed-loop, first grade desulfurizing section, rotating shaft are formed.Rotating cone is bowl shape, and the closed-loop that its top is arranged links to each other with the blanking standpipe, and the cone chassis is connected with rotating shaft.The fixedly cone that the rotating cone below is provided with is the shape of falling the beaker of opening.Rotating cone and fixedly form an annular flow path between the cone, the below of annular flow path is the discharge port of dispenser.The inboard of rotating cone is provided with the screw type guide plate.
The operation principle of cone dispenser of the present invention is: rotating shaft is by Motor Drive and then drive the cone rotation, coal enters dispenser by tremie pipe, and coal relies on the effect of rotary centrifugal force to set off on the rotating cone skew wall in the rotating cone dispenser and upwards exports with the form of the mobile slippage of stratum granulosum.The particle slippage goes out to enter behind the rotating cone annular flow path that fixed cone body and rotating cone are formed.In annular flow path, particle moves down with the form of piling up packed bed, discharges from the dispenser discharge port at last.In annular flow path, pile up the particle mobile layer of filling and in fact play a part material envelope valve.The adjusting control of particle transport delivery rate is to realize by the cooperation that the inboard at rotating cone is provided with between screw type guide plate and cone gradient and the rotary speed three.
The two stage combustion system has been formed in coupling rotating cone dispenser of the present invention and combustion chamber.The bottom, combustion chamber is the coal-char combustion section, and top is the gas fuel burning section.Rotating cone dispenser main body is arranged at inside, combustion chamber, and coal bunker is connected with rotating cone dispenser inside by the blanking standpipe in the outside, combustion chamber, and coal enters the inside of rotating cone dispenser by the blanking standpipe from hopper.
The combustion chamber running temperature is 800～1000 ℃, by heating of burning bed partition and seepage flow heat transfer type the coal in the dispenser is realized pyrogenation and carbonization or gasification, and the thermal response Controllable Temperature of coal is moved between 500～800 ℃ in the rotating cone dispenser.Because the rotating cone dispenser is the starvation operation basically, the fuel gases calorific value that the coal thermal response generates in the dispenser is higher, thereby can be used as domestic gas.The present invention adopts the two stage combustion method to realize low NO
xDischarging: pyrogenation and carbonization volatile matter that produces in the rotating cone dispenser or gasification burning enter the burning of top, combustion chamber.The semicoke that the rotating cone dispenser produces enters the coal-char combustion section burning of bottom, combustion chamber from the dispenser discharge port.The required primary air of burning semicoke is sent into from the bottom, combustion chamber, and the required auxiliary air of burning combustible gas is introduced from the combustion chamber upper side.Coal-char combustion can adopt fluid bed or mobile grate form, thereby the rotating cone dispenser is configurable on fluidized-bed combustion boiler, also is fit to be configured on small-sized industrial boiler or the combustion furnace.The nitrogen oxide that coal-char combustion produces enters top, combustion chamber, with the synthetic reducing zone of fuel gas buring, reaches the purpose of further reduction amount of nitrogen oxides.Because the fuel gases calorific value that this method produces can reach 13MJ/Nm
3More than, thereby be suitable for fuel gas is drawn as domestic gas or industry use.Adopt method disclosed by the invention can on small-sized industrial boiler and combustion furnace, realize the coproduction of combustion gas steam.
The present invention adopts two-step desulfurization to realize low SO
xDischarging: the first grade desulfurizing section is arranged on the fuel gas exit of rotating cone dispenser, realizes the fuel gas desulfurization that dispenser is produced; The secondary desulfurization is to add calcium-based desulfurizing agent in the coal-char combustion section, further desulfurization in combustion process.Because the gas by the once desulfurization section is pyrolysis gas or gasification gas, gas flow is less than the exhaust gas volumn of coal combustion greatly, thereby the once desulfurization expense is less than flue gas desulfurization greatly.Simultaneously, because this system adopts semicoke solid and fuel gas staged combustion process, thereby can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxide.
Two stage combustion system and Air control method that the present invention proposes, the coal clean utilization method that a kind of technology is simple, investment is cheap both can be provided for the combustion gas steam coproduction in medium-sized and small enterprises and cities and towns, a new approach is opened up in the combustion with reduced pollutants that can be middle-size and small-size coal-burning installation again, is with a wide range of applications on medium and small boiler and combustion furnace.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cone dispenser of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1,1 is hopper, and 2 for the blanking standpipe, and 3 be the once desulfurization section, and 4 is rotating cone, and 5 is the discharge port of dispenser, and 6 is rotating shaft, and 7 is motor, and 8 is the cone chassis, and 9 is annular flow path, and 10 is fixing cone, and 11 is closed-loop.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of rotating cone part in the cone dispenser of the present invention.
Among Fig. 2,4 is rotating cone, and 8 is the cone chassis, and 12 is the screw type guide plate.
Fig. 3 is the two stage combustion system and the Air control method schematic diagram of coupling rotating cone dispenser of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3, rotating cone dispenser 13 is arranged in the combustion chamber 18, combustion chamber 18 is divided into top gas fuel burning section 20 and bottom coal-char combustion section 14, first grade desulfurizing section 3 is arranged on the fuel gas exit of dispenser, realization is to the fuel gas desulfurization, the secondary desulfurization is to add calcium-based desulfurizing agent in coal-char combustion section 14, realizes the combustion process desulfurization.
Fig. 4 is the two stage combustion system architecture schematic diagram of coupling rotating cone dispenser of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 4,13 for being arranged on the rotating cone dispenser in the combustion chamber, and 14 is the coal-char combustion section, and 15 is gasifying agent, and 16 is primary air, and 17 is semicoke, and 18 is the combustion chamber, and 19 is auxiliary air, and 20 is the gas fuel burning section, and 21 is exhanst gas outlet.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
The structure of cone dispenser disclosed by the invention as shown in Figure 1.The rotating cone dispenser is mainly by rotating cone 4, fixedly parts such as cone 10 and closed-loop 11, once desulfurization section 3, rotating shaft 6 are formed.Rotating cone 4 is bowl shape, and its top is furnished with closed-loop 11, links to each other with blanking standpipe 2 in the middle of the closed-loop 11, and cone chassis 8 is connected with rotating shaft 6.Rotating cone 4 belows are provided with fixedly cone 10, and fixedly cone 10 is the shape of falling the beaker of opening.Rotating cone 4 and fixedly form an annular flow path 9 between the cone 10, the below of annular flow path 9 is the discharge port 5 of dispenser.
Rotating shaft 6 drives and then drives cone rotation 4 by motor 7, and coal enters in the rotating cone dispenser by tremie pipe 2.Coal relies on the effect of rotary centrifugal force to set off on the rotating cone skew wall in the rotating cone dispenser and upwards exports with the form of the mobile slippage of stratum granulosum.The particle slippage goes out to enter behind the rotating cone 4 annular flow path 9 that fixed cone body 10 and rotating cone 4 are formed.In annular flow path 9, particle moves down with the form of piling up packed bed, discharges from dispenser discharge port 5 at last.In annular flow path 9, pile up the particle mobile layer of filling and in fact play a part material envelope valve.The adjusting control of particle transport delivery rate is to realize by the cooperation that the inboard at rotating cone 4 is provided with between screw type guide plate 12 (as shown in Figure 2) and cone gradient and the rotary speed three.
The two stage combustion system of coupling rotating cone dispenser disclosed by the invention and Air control method are as shown in Figure 4.Combustion system mainly is made up of above-mentioned rotating cone dispenser 13 and combustion chamber 18.The bottom, combustion chamber is a coal-char combustion section 14, and top is gas fuel burning section 20.Rotating cone dispenser 13 main bodys are arranged at 18 inside, combustion chamber.Hopper 1 is arranged on outside the combustion chamber 18, is connected with rotating cone dispenser 13 inside by blanking standpipe 2.Coal enters the inside of rotating cone dispenser 13 by tremie pipe 2 from hopper 1.By heating of combustion chamber 18 partitions and seepage flow heat transfer type the coal of rotating cone dispenser 13 is realized pyrogenation and carbonization or gasification.Reaction temperature in the rotating cone dispenser 13 can be controlled in operation between 500～800 ℃.Because dispenser is the starvation operation basically, the fuel gases calorific value that the coal thermal response generates in the dispenser is higher, thereby can be used as domestic gas.The two stage combustion method that the present invention adopts realizes low NO
xDischarging is by following scheme implementation: pyrogenation and carbonization volatile matters that produce in the rotating cone dispenser 13 or gasification gas enter 20 burnings of gas fuel burning section.The semicoke that dispenser produces enters 14 burnings of coal-char combustion section from rotating cone dispenser discharge port 5.The required primary air 16 of burning semicoke is sent into from the bottom, combustion chamber, and the required auxiliary air 19 of burning combustible gas is introduced from gas fuel burning section 20 sides.Coal-char combustion can adopt fluid bed or mobile grate stove, thereby charging gear of the present invention is configurable on fluidized-bed combustion boiler, also is fit to be configured on small-sized industrial boiler or the combustion furnace.Because the fuel gases calorific value that the inventive method produces can reach 13MJ/Nm
3More than, thereby be suitable for fuel gas is drawn as domestic gas or industry use.Adopt method disclosed by the invention can on small-sized industrial boiler and combustion furnace, realize the coproduction of combustion gas steam.The two-step desulfurization that the present invention adopts is realized low SO
xDischarging is by following scheme implementation: first grade desulfurizing section 3 is arranged on the fuel gas exit of rotating cone dispenser 13, realizes the fuel gas desulfurization that rotating cone dispenser 13 is produced; The secondary desulfurization is to add calcium-based desulfurizing agent in coal-char combustion section 14, further desulfurization in combustion process.Because the gas by desulfurization section is pyrolysis gas or gasification gas, gas flow is less than the exhaust gas volumn of coal combustion greatly, thereby the desulfurization expense is less than flue gas desulfurization greatly.Simultaneously, because system of the present invention adopts the coal grading thermal decomposition process, semicoke solid and fuel gas staged combustion process, thereby can reduce NO
xGeneration.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of coupling rotating cone dispenser, it is characterized in that mainly by rotating cone (4), fixedly cone (10) and closed-loop (11), once desulfurization section (3), rotating shaft (6) is formed, rotating cone (4) is bowl shape, its top is furnished with closed-loop (11), link to each other with blanking standpipe (2) in the middle of the closed-loop (11), cone chassis (8) is connected with rotating shaft (6), rotating cone (4) below is provided with fixedly cone (10), fixedly cone (10) is the shape of falling the beaker of opening, rotating cone (4) and fixedly form an annular flow path (9) between the cone (10), the below of annular flow path (9) is the discharge port (5) of dispenser, and the inboard of rotating cone (4) is provided with screw type guide plate (12).
2, a kind of two stage combustion system, it is characterized in that constituting by claim 1 said coupling rotating cone dispenser and combustion chamber, the bottom, combustion chamber is coal-char combustion section (14), top is gas fuel burning section (20), rotating cone dispenser (13) main body is arranged at inside, combustion chamber (18), hopper (1) is arranged on outside the combustion chamber (18), is connected with rotating cone dispenser (13) inside by blanking standpipe (2).
3, a kind of Air control method of utilizing the two stage combustion system of claim 2, it is characterized in that realizing the conveying feed of coal particle by the rotation of cone, by heating of combustion chamber (18) partition and seepage flow heat transfer type the coal of rotating cone dispenser (13) is realized pyrogenation and carbonization or gasification, reaction temperature in the rotating cone dispenser (13) is controlled at operation between 500～800 ℃, adopts the two stage combustion method to realize low NO
xDischarging, pyrogenation and carbonization volatile matter that produces in the rotating cone dispenser (13) or gasification gas enter gas fuel burning section (20) burning, the semicoke that dispenser produces enters coal-char combustion section (14) burning from rotating cone dispenser discharge port (5), the required primary air (16) of burning semicoke is sent into from the bottom, combustion chamber, the required auxiliary air (19) of burning combustible gas is introduced from gas fuel burning section (20) side, adopts two-step desulfurization to realize low SO
xDischarging, first grade desulfurizing section (3) is arranged on the fuel gas exit of rotating cone dispenser (13), realizes the fuel gas desulfurization that rotating cone dispenser (13) is produced; The secondary desulfurization is to add calcium-based desulfurizing agent in coal-char combustion section (14), further desulfurization in combustion process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB02157779XA CN1176317C (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2002-12-26 | Two-section combustion system with coupled rotary conic feeder and combustion pollution controlling method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB02157779XA CN1176317C (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2002-12-26 | Two-section combustion system with coupled rotary conic feeder and combustion pollution controlling method |
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| CN1421639A CN1421639A (en) | 2003-06-04 |
| CN1176317C true CN1176317C (en) | 2004-11-17 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100368725C (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2008-02-13 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Cleansing combustion method for coal and combustion furnace |
| CN1322096C (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2007-06-20 | 王述洋 | Three-conical double water innercooling biomass flash-cracked biofuel-making reactor |
| CN100470126C (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2009-03-18 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Low-pollution efficient combustion method for coal-burning boiler and combustion apparatus |
| CN104879748B (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2017-04-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Air classification couples the device and method of control recirculating fluidized bed NOx with fuel staging |
| CN111412459B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2022-02-15 | 赵生 | Bundled straw gas-fired boiler |
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