CN100375860C - Multi-side stereo combustion boiler capable of realizing clean combustion of coal and combustion method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-side stereo combustion boiler capable of realizing clean combustion of coal and combustion method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100375860C CN100375860C CNB2004100986036A CN200410098603A CN100375860C CN 100375860 C CN100375860 C CN 100375860C CN B2004100986036 A CNB2004100986036 A CN B2004100986036A CN 200410098603 A CN200410098603 A CN 200410098603A CN 100375860 C CN100375860 C CN 100375860C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a multi-side stereo combustion boiler and a method for realizing clean combustion of coal. The combustion boiler comprises a cylinder-shaped boiler body, a rotary boiler grate and partition board components, wherein a flue outlet is arranged on an upper cover of the boiler body. The rotary boiler grate is arranged at the bottom of the boiler body. The inner cavity of the cylinder-shaped boiler body is divided into at least one pair of gasification chambers and one pair of combustion chambers by the partition board components which are symmetrically crossed in a vertical type. A space between the lower ends of the partition board components and the rotary boiler grate is a combustion port. The lower end parts of the gasification chambers and the combustion chambers are communicated; respective coal filling ports are arranged on the boiler grate at the upper parts of the gasification chambers. The upper part of each combustion chamber is provided with a fume outlet, and a slag discharge port is arranged on the boiler grate at the lower part; the slag discharge port is simultaneously a secondary air inlet. The combustion method fully utilizes residual heat in circulating ash slag to make coal firstly gasified and pyrolyzed and then form multi-side stereo combustion through the mutually matched action of the rotary boiler grate and the gasification chambers on a boiler chamber. The multi-side stereo combustion boiler has the advantages of simple structure, low failure rate and little energy consumption. The discharge of nitrous oxides, smoke black and carbonic oxide of the boiler can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the combustion method and the combustion apparatus field of raw coal, particularly a kind of boiler jet-black, nitrogen oxide (NO of reducing
X) and carbon monoxide (CO) discharging, and can improve boiler combustion efficiency and burning load, realize the multiaspect stereo burning stove and the combustion method thereof of coal clean burning.
Background technology
China's atmosphere pollution is mainly derived from the burning of coal.A large amount of small scall coal-fired boiler and the domestic burners of China all adopts traditional combustion method at present, and efficiency of combustion is low, and is seriously polluted.Develop middle-size and small-size clean burning technical equipment and become the current minimizing pollution of China, the emphasis and the difficult point of protection environmental work.
Conventional boiler is simple in structure, and fire coal directly enters burner hearth burning, and air feed and coal combustion product co-flow are directly discharged the burner hearth of high temperature.Because flue gas is few and coal combustion product and excess air mixing inequality in the high-temperature region time of staying, CO and jet-black fail to burn on the one hand, on the other hand the NO that burns and produce
XFail to reduce, cause environmental pollution, efficient is lower simultaneously.If improve excess air coefficient or fire box temperature, though make the discharging of CO, jet-black reduce NO
XDischarging but increase thereupon, and flue gas loss increases; Otherwise, if reduce excess air coefficient or fire box temperature, though make NO
XDischarging reduce, but the discharging of CO, jet-black increases thereupon.
Chinese patent 95 102081.1 has been described a kind of low NO
XSmokeless coal-burning method and combustion furnace, coal at first utilizes self calory burning hypoxemia pyrolytic gasification in vaporizer, semicoke remaining after the coal gasification burns in the combustion chamber, because its vaporizer mainly carries out hypoxemia destructive distillation, the pyrolysis of coal, pyrolysis rate is slower, and it suppresses NO
XTherefore discharging is mainly carried out in the semicoke district, ventilates, burning velocity can not be too fast, in addition for the vaporizer of bigger load, has under the coking problems such as coal difficulty, and above problem has all limited its application on bigger load boiler.Chinese patent 98202954.3 has proposed " a kind of bilateral coal suppresses nitrogen oxide smokeless coal-burning stove ", this coal furnace can increase boiler capacity, improves the stability of boiler raw coal combustion, but because bilateral coal dry distillation area radiation loss height, the easy coking of combustion process coal, the equipment complexity.Chinese patent 98207373.9 has proposed the smokeless coal burning boiler that the burning of middle coal both sides suppresses discharged nitrous oxides, this coal-burning boiler can overcome the some shortcomings of Chinese patent 98202954.3, but there is the boiler combustion instability simultaneously again, problems such as easy over-emitting black exhaust.More than the boiler combustion technology that provides of three patents all can not utilize the lime-ash waste heat, make that carbon content is higher in the lime-ash, boiler combustion efficiency is low, the vaporizer pyrolysis rate is slow.In addition, more than the boiler combustion technology that provides of three patents when load is big, all can not carry semicoke, poor combustion stability reposefully.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of effect of cooperatively interacting by a plurality of vaporizers of rotary fire grate and burner hearth top, make full use of the waste heat in the circulation lime-ash, make coal gasification pyrolysis earlier form the multiaspect stereo burning then, realize the multiaspect stereo burning stove of coal clean burning;
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of multiaspect stereo burning method that realizes the coal clean burning, can reduce nitrogen oxide, jet-black and the carbon monoxide emission of boiler, is a kind of clean combustion method of fire coal.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The multiaspect stereo burning stove of realization coal clean burning provided by the invention comprises:
One cylinder cartridge type body of heater covers on it and is provided with flue outlet, it is characterized in that, also comprises the rotary fire grate that is arranged on cylinder cartridge type bottom of furnace body;
One becomes the baffle assembly of the vertical symmetrical chiasma of at least two vaporizers and two combustion chambers with described cylinder cartridge type body of heater inner chamber vertical spacing, described baffle assembly lower end is a port to the space between the rotary fire grate, and described vaporizer and combustion chamber are connected from the bottom; The furnace wall, top of described each vaporizer is provided with coal filling hole separately; The top of each combustion chamber be arranged on the flue outlet that covers and be connected, the furnace wall, bottom of each combustion chamber is provided with slag notch, described slag notch also is the secondary wind inlet simultaneously.
On the base of described cylinder cartridge type body of heater lower end roller is installed, described rotary fire grate is supported on the roller and rotates freely.Described vaporizer and combustion chamber are respectively two, three, four or five.
The multiaspect stereo burning method of the coal clean burning of the above-mentioned multiaspect stereo burning of use provided by the invention stove is characterized in that, fire coal carries out stereo burning in multiaspect stereo burning stove; Described multiaspect stereo burning stove comprises:
One cylinder cartridge type body of heater covers on it and is provided with flue outlet, it is characterized in that, also comprises the rotary fire grate that is arranged on cylinder cartridge type bottom of furnace body;
One becomes the baffle assembly of the vertical symmetrical chiasma of at least two vaporizers and two combustion chambers with described cylinder cartridge type body of heater inner chamber vertical spacing, described baffle assembly lower end is a port to the space between the rotary fire grate, and described vaporizer and combustion chamber are connected from the bottom; The furnace wall, top of described each vaporizer is provided with coal filling hole separately; Flue outlet is all arranged at the top of each combustion chamber, and the furnace wall, bottom of each combustion chamber is provided with slag notch, and described slag notch also is the secondary wind inlet simultaneously;
Its combustion step is as follows:
1) at first raw coal is sent in each vaporizer of cylinder cartridge type body of heater, in each vaporizer, utilized the heat of the coal burning generation of combustion chamber lime-ash waste heat and vaporizer bottom that raw coal is carried out destructive gasifying, produce carbonizing gas and semicoke;
2) under the rotation of gravity and rotary fire grate drives, the semicoke that generates in the vaporizer is brought on the port and revolving burner of both sides, vaporizer bottom, semicoke forms the stereo burning face on port and rotary fire grate, wherein each vaporizer all has two ports, CO, CHi, NH that the former dry distillation of coal in vaporizer top produces
3React to each other with NO gas, wherein a part of NO is reduced into N
2
3) gas that produces of vaporizer coal-char combustion layer by vaporizer two bottom sides port under the effect of negative pressure enters the combustion chamber and burns, when these gases pass through the semicoke layer of port, further be reduced into N under the catalysis of the metal oxide of nitrogenous gas in semicoke and semicoke
2At vaporizer since the jet-black that imperfect combustion produces through the semicoke layer at port place the time, the part jet-black is adsorbed to the surface of semicoke, is burnt along with the burning of semicoke;
4) according to burning of coal situation in the stove, the intake of the secondary wind of regulating by the secondary air mouth, remainder jet-black and under the oxygen effect of the CO of vaporizer generation high temperature and secondary wind abundance in the combustion chamber, the being burnt combustion chamber in; Behind the coal-char combustion certain hour at the three-dimensional semicoke layer place at port place, under the drive of rotary fire grate, enter the combustion chamber and fully burn;
5) red-hot lime-ash enters next vaporizer under the drive of rotary fire grate, for the destructive distillation pyrolysis of this vaporizer raw coal provides heat, heat is emitted in the further burning of charcoal that do not burn in the lime-ash simultaneously, and the carbon content in the lime-ash further reduces, and is discharged by rotary fire grate bottom at last.
The multiaspect stereo burning stove of realization coal clean burning provided by the invention and multiaspect stereo burning method, its major advantage is:
1, the present invention adopts coal pyrolysis and burns different indoor finishing, and makes the part NO that produces in the combustion process
XCan be reduced to N
2, can suppress the generation of jet-black in by the process of semicoke layer at pyrolysis gas, adopt secondary wind technology can reduce the discharging of CO in the combustion chamber.
2, the present invention adopts multiaspect stereo burning technology, the advantage of having gathered burning of middle coal both sides and both sides coal intermediate combustion, their shortcomings have separately been overcome, each combustion chamber all is the bilateral burning, each vaporizer also all is the bilateral burning, the coking problem of vaporizer can be overcome, the stable of chamber temperature can be ensured again.
3, the present invention can realize a plurality of combustion fronts at a body of heater, thereby increased the space of coal burning, has overcome be difficult to more slowly to be applied to load the greatly problem of boiler of gasification pyrolysis rate in the combustion process.
4, the present invention is because bottom, vaporizer coal seam is the high temperature semicoke of successively carrying that is burning, thereby the problem of vaporizer poor combustion stability when having solved big load decoupling burning, and ensured that vaporizer has higher gasification pyrolysis intensity.
5, be different from other stoker fired grate the lime-ash of high temperature is directly drained, the lime-ash during bottom semicoke after-flame of the present invention has heated cold wind, has effectively utilized the lime-ash waste heat.In addition, because the raw coal coal seam is dropped on semicoke or the lime-ash all the time, the unburned carbon loss that the leakage coal causes is little.
6, the present invention adopts rotary fire grate simple in structure, that fault rate is low, energy consumption is little, has realized the defeated coal of machinery stably, makes and adopts big this technology of load boiler applications of mechanized operation to become possibility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of multiaspect stereo burning stove one embodiment of realization coal clean burning;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1;
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of multiaspect stereo burning stove one embodiment of realization coal clean burning; Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is for realizing the multiaspect stereo burning stove three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of coal clean burning; As seen from the figure, the multiaspect stereo burning stove of realization coal clean burning provided by the invention comprises:
One cylinder cartridge type body of heater 10, its loam cake 1 is provided with flue outlet 7, it is characterized in that, also comprises the rotary fire grate 5 that is arranged on cylinder cartridge type body of heater 10 bottoms;
One becomes the baffle assembly of the vertical symmetrical chiasma of the vaporizer of at least two symmetries and combustion chamber with described cylinder cartridge type body of heater 10 inner chamber vertical spacings, described baffle assembly lower end is a port 3 to the space between the rotary fire grate 5, and described vaporizer 4 and 9 lower ends, combustion chamber communicate; The furnace wall, top of described each vaporizer 4 is provided with coal filling hole 2; The top of each combustion chamber 9 is connected with flue outlet 7 on being arranged on loam cake 1, and the furnace wall, bottom of each combustion chamber 9 is provided with slag notch 11, and described slag notch 11 also is the secondary wind inlet simultaneously.
On the described cylinder cartridge type body of heater 10 lower end bases 6 roller 12 is installed, described rotary fire grate 5 is supported on the roller 12 and rotates freely.Described vaporizer 4 and combustion chamber 9 are two, three, four or five.
Fig. 1 is an embodiment, and in this embodiment, body of heater 10 is a cylinder barrel shaped, the baffle assembly of vertical symmetrical chiasma is for installing two dividing plates 8 that are right-angled intersection and 13 on furnace upper cover 1 lower surface, body of heater 10 inner chambers are divided into 4 each space cavity, i.e. vaporizer 4 and 15, combustion chamber 9,17; On the furnace wall, top of vaporizer 4 coal filling hole 2 is arranged, on the furnace wall, top of vaporizer 15 coal filling hole 16 is arranged; Covered flue 7 on the combustion chamber, there is overfiren air port 11 9 bottom, combustion chamber on the furnace wall, and there is overfiren air port 16 17 bottom, combustion chamber on the furnace wall; Overfiren air port 11 and 16 has the effect of slagging tap concurrently, and (when lime-ash can not be discharged by fire grate too greatly, lime-ash can be discharged by this mouth; The body of heater below is that a cast iron rotates rotary fire grate 5, in stove inner bottom part outer ring rotary fire grate roller 12 is arranged, and is used to support rotary fire grate; Combustion chamber and vaporizer are interconnected by the port of partition wall bottom; In addition if increase combustion furnace power, can strengthen furnace diameter, portion can establish partition wall more within it, make and form two, three, four or five vaporizers and two, three, four or five chamber structures in the stove, can increase boiler load like this, effectively reduce the discharging of pollutant.
Its combustion method is as follows:
1) at first raw coal is sent in each vaporizer of cylinder cartridge type body of heater, in each vaporizer, utilized the heat of the coal burning generation of combustion chamber lime-ash waste heat and vaporizer bottom that raw coal is carried out destructive gasifying, produce carbonizing gas and semicoke;
2) under the rotation of gravity and rotary fire grate drives, the semicoke that generates in the vaporizer is brought on the port and rotary fire grate of both sides, vaporizer bottom, semicoke forms the stereo burning face on port and rotary fire grate, wherein each vaporizer all has two ports, CO, CHi, NH that the former dry distillation of coal in vaporizer top produces
3React to each other with NO gas, wherein a part of NO is reduced into N
2
5) gas that produces of vaporizer coal-char combustion layer by vaporizer two bottom sides port under the effect of negative pressure enters the combustion chamber and burns, when these gases pass through the semicoke layer of port, further be reduced into N under the catalysis of the metal oxide of nitrogenous gas in semicoke and semicoke
2At vaporizer since the jet-black that imperfect combustion produces through the semicoke layer at port place the time, the part jet-black is adsorbed to the surface of semicoke, is burnt along with the burning of semicoke;
6) according to burning of coal situation in the stove, the intake of the secondary wind of regulating by the secondary air mouth, remainder jet-black and under the oxygen effect of the CO of vaporizer generation high temperature and secondary wind abundance in the combustion chamber, the being burnt combustion chamber in; Behind the coal-char combustion certain hour at the three-dimensional semicoke layer place at port place, under the drive of rotary fire grate, enter the combustion chamber and fully burn;
5) red-hot lime-ash enters next vaporizer under the drive of rotary fire grate, for the destructive distillation pyrolysis of this vaporizer raw coal provides heat, heat is emitted in the further burning of charcoal that do not burn in the lime-ash simultaneously, and the carbon content in the lime-ash further reduces, and is discharged by rotary fire grate bottom at last.
In addition if increase combustion furnace power, can strengthen furnace diameter, portion establishes partition wall more within it, makes and forms two, three, four or five vaporizers and two, three, four or five chamber structures in the stove, can increase boiler load like this, effectively reduce the discharging of pollutant.
Claims (6)
1. multiaspect stereo burning stove of realizing the coal clean burning comprises:
One cylinder cartridge type body of heater covers on it and is provided with flue outlet, it is characterized in that, also comprises the rotary fire grate that is arranged on cylinder cartridge type bottom of furnace body;
One becomes the baffle assembly of the vertical symmetrical chiasma of at least two vaporizers and two combustion chambers with described cylinder cartridge type body of heater inner chamber vertical spacing, described baffle assembly lower end is a port to the space between the rotary fire grate, and described vaporizer and combustion chamber are connected from the bottom; The furnace wall, top of described each vaporizer is provided with coal filling hole separately; Exhanst gas outlet is arranged at the top of each combustion chamber, and the furnace wall, bottom of each combustion chamber is provided with slag notch, and described slag notch also is the secondary wind inlet simultaneously.
2. by the multiaspect stereo burning stove of the described realization coal of claim 1 clean burning, it is characterized in that on the base of described cylinder cartridge type body of heater lower end roller is installed, described rotary fire grate is supported on the roller and rotates freely.
3. by the multiaspect stereo burning stove of the described realization coal of claim 1 clean burning, it is characterized in that described vaporizer and combustion chamber are respectively two, three, four or five.
4. a multiaspect stereo burning method of using the coal clean burning of the described multiaspect stereo burning of claim 1 stove is characterized in that, fire coal carries out stereo burning in multiaspect stereo burning stove internal combustion; Described multiaspect stereo burning stove comprises:
One cylinder cartridge type body of heater covers on it and is provided with flue outlet, it is characterized in that, also comprises the rotary fire grate that is arranged on cylinder cartridge type bottom of furnace body;
One becomes the baffle assembly of the vertical symmetrical chiasma of at least two vaporizers and two combustion chambers with described cylinder cartridge type body of heater inner chamber vertical spacing, described baffle assembly lower end is a port to the space between the rotary fire grate, and described vaporizer and combustion chamber are connected from the bottom; The furnace wall, top of described each vaporizer is provided with coal filling hole separately; The top of each combustion chamber be arranged on the flue outlet that covers and be connected, the furnace wall, bottom of each combustion chamber is provided with slag notch, described slag notch also is the secondary wind inlet simultaneously;
Its combustion step is as follows;
1) at first raw coal is sent in each vaporizer of cylinder cartridge type body of heater, in each vaporizer, utilized the heat of the coal burning generation of combustion chamber lime-ash waste heat and vaporizer bottom that raw coal is carried out destructive gasifying, produce carbonizing gas and semicoke;
2) under the rotation of gravity and rotary fire grate drives, the semicoke that generates in the vaporizer forms on the coal-char combustion face of solid with rotary fire grate at the port place of both sides, vaporizer bottom and burns, wherein each vaporizer all has two ports, form two stereo burning faces, CO, CHi that the former dry distillation of coal in vaporizer top produces, NH
3React to each other with NO gas, wherein a part of NO is reduced into N
2
3) gas that produces of vaporizer (4) coal-char combustion layer by vaporizer two bottom sides port under the effect of negative pressure enters the combustion chamber and burns, when these gases pass through the semicoke layer of port, further be reduced into N under the catalysis of the metal oxide of nitrogenous gas in semicoke and semicoke
2At vaporizer since the jet-black that imperfect combustion produces through the semicoke layer at port place the time, the part jet-black is adsorbed to the surface of semicoke, is burnt along with the burning of semicoke;
4) according to burning of coal situation in the stove, the intake of the secondary wind of regulating by the secondary air mouth, remainder jet-black and under the oxygen effect of the CO of vaporizer generation high temperature and secondary wind abundance in the combustion chamber, the being burnt combustion chamber in; Behind the coal-char combustion certain hour at the three-dimensional semicoke layer place at port place, under the drive of rotary fire grate, enter the combustion chamber and fully burn;
5) red-hot lime-ash enters next vaporizer under the drive of rotary fire grate, for the destructive distillation pyrolysis of this vaporizer raw coal provides heat, heat is emitted in the further burning of charcoal that do not burn in the lime-ash simultaneously, and the carbon content in the lime-ash further reduces, and is discharged by rotary fire grate bottom at last.
5. by the multiaspect stereo burning stove of the described realization coal of claim 4 clean burning, it is characterized in that on the base of described cylinder cartridge type body of heater lower end roller is installed, described rotary fire grate is supported on the roller and rotates freely.
6. by the multiaspect stereo burning stove of the described realization coal of claim 4 clean burning, it is characterized in that described vaporizer and combustion chamber are respectively two, three, four or five.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100986036A CN100375860C (en) | 2004-12-13 | 2004-12-13 | Multi-side stereo combustion boiler capable of realizing clean combustion of coal and combustion method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100986036A CN100375860C (en) | 2004-12-13 | 2004-12-13 | Multi-side stereo combustion boiler capable of realizing clean combustion of coal and combustion method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1789806A CN1789806A (en) | 2006-06-21 |
| CN100375860C true CN100375860C (en) | 2008-03-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100986036A Expired - Fee Related CN100375860C (en) | 2004-12-13 | 2004-12-13 | Multi-side stereo combustion boiler capable of realizing clean combustion of coal and combustion method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101659873B (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2013-06-26 | 上海安麦机电技术工程有限公司 | Method for rotary burning of thin coal layer |
| CN105820843A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-03 | 华电重工股份有限公司 | Method for co-combusting dry-distilled crude gas or hydrogen production desorption gas thereof and semicoke |
| CN107131496B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2023-10-27 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Split type burner structure and split method of power station boiler |
| CN109268877A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-25 | 芜湖天火新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of clean-burning combustion furnace of realization coal |
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| CN2788022Y (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2006-06-14 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Multi-side stereo combustion boiler capable of realizing clean combustion of coal |
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Patent Citations (8)
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| JPS62182505A (en) * | 1986-02-04 | 1987-08-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Solid fuel burning device |
| CN1110776A (en) * | 1995-03-07 | 1995-10-25 | 中国科学院化工冶金研究所 | No-smoke burning coal method for control nitrogen oxide and stove and application |
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