CN101659873B - Method for rotary burning of thin coal layer - Google Patents
Method for rotary burning of thin coal layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101659873B CN101659873B CN2009100097701A CN200910009770A CN101659873B CN 101659873 B CN101659873 B CN 101659873B CN 2009100097701 A CN2009100097701 A CN 2009100097701A CN 200910009770 A CN200910009770 A CN 200910009770A CN 101659873 B CN101659873 B CN 101659873B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of raw coal burning, and particularly relates to a method for burning coal particles arranged in a rotary burning chamber provided with a high temperature fire bed. The method comprises the following steps: the coal particles are input into a coal measure feeder and are fed into a wind power coal feeding pipe arranged in a coal feeding rod; a coal output end of the coal feeding rod is arranged above the cavity of a rotating furnace and reciprocates along the radius of the furnace cavity, and the coal particles are fed into the furnace cavity by wind power; under the reciprocating action of the coal feeding rod and the rotating action of the furnace cavity, the coal particles form a uniform coal layer on the surface of the fire bed; under the rotating actions of the furnace cavity and a slag extractor, the coal layer ignites and burns by the combination with oxygen in combustion air; and the coal layer rotates in the furnace cavity, the slag extractor rotates, crashes and collects slag, and the slag falls in a slag discharging pipe and is discharged. The method has the advantages of the rotary burning of the thin coal layer, the combustion supporting of secondary air, reasonable and scientific coal burning, and adequate and complete burning, improves the thermal efficiency and reduces the coal consumption by 30%. The used equipment has the advantages of compact and reasonable structure, low manufacturing cost, safety, reliability and low operation cos. The defects that burning machines are dirty, disorderly and bad and pollute the environment are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the raw coal combustion field, relate in particular to the coal grain and be placed in the indoor combustion method that carries out of the rotary combustion that leaves the high temperature grate.
Background technology
There is in a large number at present the coal combustion equipment take raw coal as fuel in the multiple industries such as active boiler and iron and steel, machinery, building materials.The Chinese large-sized coal combustion equipment is such as its state of the art of large-size thermal power plant has entered world's rank of advanced units, middle-size and small-size coal combustion equipment generally speaking state of the art is also lower, the ubiquity efficiency of combustion is low, burning control coarse, equipment failure is many, metal wastage is large, coal consumption amount is large, the problem such as contaminate environment when burning.In middle-size and small-size coal combustion equipment, chain-grate and reciprocating fire grate coal combustion equipment use the most extensive.This two classes fire grate has the history of three more than ten years, appearing at of they solved coal-fired fire grate coal and the mechanize problem of slagging tap to a certain extent, liberated the labor force, thereby coal-fired fire grate can be maximized, but due to the restriction of technical qualification at that time, this class fire grate to how scientifically burned coal, the aspects such as the becoming more meticulous of combustion control, automatization are considered basically just not consider in other words very less, it seems now just to manifest many deficiencies.
Chain-grate and reciprocal grate are done further anatomy can be found out:
This class fire grate sees along its length, and it is clean that whole combustion processes joins combustion from new coal, and coal combustion is to complete in unidirectional irreversible moving process.The coal seam is in the process such as drying, fugitive constituent are separated out along experiencing in the whole combustion processes of fire grate length direction, char combustion, combustion are clean., these different thermodynamic processes are made a world of difference to the demand of air, temperature variation is also different, but the boundary of these processes is not fairly obvious, just combustion air brings very large difficulty in order to provide accurately by process need for this, although the method for pressing various process branch mailbox air feed in the bottom employing of chain band at present, the also very difficult thermodynamic process that adapts to the coal combustion complexity.this result must increase the loss of the inadequacy burning for chemistry mechanics reason in coal seam, from the longitudinal section of coal seam, because reciprocal and chain-grate all stay incessantly high temperature grate, must adopt the thick seam operation, combustion air is supplied with below the coal seam, and burning is from top to bottom carried out in the coal seam, burn while advancing in the coal seam, the coal seam can't be stirred substantially in whole combustion zone, like this due to coal, enter the stove thickness of coal seam, coal seam globule size and homogeneity, fire grate speed, influencing each other of the factors such as coal seam water content, be difficult to control the coal seam and all reach the clean perfect condition of combustion when fire grate is turned back, must increase the unburned carbon loss in coal seam like this, since fire grate will move, so must be gapped between the structure of fire grate self, fire grate and furnace wall, the ashpit losses of this class fire grate has just been caused in this gap.These three kinds of losses are added together up to 30% left and right.
Burning of coal is a very complicated thermodynamic process.The combustibles of coal is comprised of fugitive constituent and fixed carbon, coal is in combustion processes, there is two-phase combustion reactions between single-phase combustion reactions between strong " gas phase-gas phase " and " gas phase-solid phase ", the former refers to oxygen reaction in fugitive constituent and combustion air in coal, this is a vigorous oxidation reaction process, and speed is fast, requires oxygen supply sufficient, otherwise combustion carbon black not to the utmost just becomes black smoke, has also just wasted flammable resource.The latter refers to the reaction process of oxygen in solid carbon in coal and combustion air, and after fugitive constituent in coal was all separated out, coal had just become coke, enters " contracting grain " combustion processes until combustion is clean, and this section reaction process speed is slow and stable, and the time is also longer.Oxygen amount and the time of being not difficult to find out these two kinds of combustion reactionss are all different.Coal cinder " contracting grain " combustion reactions is from outward appearance to inner essence to complete, therefore, allow carbon granules efficiently fire fully on grate fast clean, each carbon granules that participates in burning should obtain sufficient oxygen parcel, in thick seam, carbon granules mutually pushes and blocks, and can not get to each other sufficient oxygen; And the carbon granules of the violent burning in surface, coal seam more seldom arrives the parcel of oxygen, has extended combustion time, has reduced efficiency of combustion.But for clean the coal combustion on intrinsic coal combustion equipment, only have the length that strengthens fire grate or strengthen coefficient of excess air.The lengthening fire grate is just meaned the increasing device structure has also just increased exhaust gas volumn and strengthen coefficient of excess air, has reduced temperature of combustion.
The weak point of the coal combustion process of chain-grate and reciprocal grate can be summarized as:
1, the waste of the energy is larger: the loss of the inadequacy burning for chemistry mechanics reason of this combustion method can reach～and 2%, unburned carbon loss can reach 15%, the ashpit losses of equipment can reach～and 5%, along with the difference of the maintenance of equipment, operation, level of management height, above-mentioned every loss also may be larger.
2, the equipment that uses of this coal combustion process is huge, complex structure, and be again continuous operation under the condition of high temperature, thereby the trouble spot overhauls difficulty more, only has the shutdown maintenance impact to produce once break down.
3, this combustion method, fire grate is to do unidirectional irreversible motion, stay incessantly high temperature grate, new coal adds the postignition difficulty, can stable burning in order to guarantee the coal seam, and to satisfy technique to the needs of intensity of combustion, therefore can only be the thick seam operation, the thickness of coal is generally at 60-300mm, and the control simple coarse of " empty coal ratio " in combustion processes can not satisfy the requirement of science fire coal at all in addition.
4, detection, regulating measure deficiency are difficult to combustion processes is accomplished meticulous management and control, also are difficult to realize computer control and management under existing appointed condition.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that exists in order to overcome prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method for rotary burning of thin coal layer, the coal grain is placed in the rotation burner hearth that leaves the high temperature grate burns, the science that realizes is coal-fired, realize energy-saving and emission-reduction, the environmental pollution that causes when improving burning.
Method for rotary burning of thin coal layer, the coal grain is placed in the rotation burner hearth that leaves the high temperature grate burns, comprise the following steps: in coal grain input metering coal feeder, at first the furnace entering volume of determining according to the operating mode needs, send into quantitatively after weighing in the wind-force coal feeding pipe of establishing in the coal bar, to guarantee refinement and the quantification of coal process; The coal exit of coal bar is placed in above the rotation burner hearth, and reciprocating along the burner hearth radial direction, the coal grain that enters the wind-force coal feeding pipe is blown into burner hearth by wind-force; Burner hearth is fixed on support, pivots, and enters the coal grain of burner hearth top, under the to-and-fro movement of coal bar and burner hearth turning effort, drops on the burning surface that leaves the high temperature grate, forms uniform thin seam, is conducive to coal combustion; Burner hearth rotarily drives the coal seam rotation, slag off apparatus gyrates, " stir " coal seam, the coal seam is under the acting in conjunction of burner hearth rotation and slag off apparatus rotation, the oxygen that advances in combustion air in burner hearth with the gas blower drum combines, catch fire rapidly, the coal seam is the burning of equalization stable ground in identical furnace temperature, identical oxygen-containing atmosphere, heats the equipment that is heated; In tapping process, rotate with burner hearth rotation and slag off apparatus in the coal seam of burning, pulverizes, the collection slag, falls in the slag dropping tube of the burner hearth center establishing and discharge; Configure perfect proofing unit and computer-controlled apparatus coal furnace entering volume, combustion air flow, pressure, the temperature of coal-fired process are carried out Detection ﹠ Controling, the optimized combustion process, science is coal-fired.
Thin seam of the present invention refers to thickness less than 30mm, and thick seam refers to that thickness of coal seam is greater than 60mm.
Described coal grain is for through the raw coal of classification/and moulded coal through granulating, and particle diameter is 10-25mm.
Described metering coal supply is first to determine into stove coal amount according to operating mode, through the weighing of metering coal feeder, and quantitatively coal supply, Measuring Precision is ± 20g that coal grain furnace entering volume is adjustable.
Described coal uses the coal bar by water-cooling jacket, the wind-force coal feeding pipe, and high pressure positive blower and drive unit form, and coal bar feed end is connected with the metering coal feeder, and the wind-force coal feeding pipe communicates with the metering coal feeder; Coal bar discharge end is placed on the support ring of establishing above the rotation burner hearth, driven by connected drive unit, do back and forth, step motion when becoming by the burner hearth radial direction along rotating for the coal bar, enter the coal grain of wind-force coal feeding pipe, high-pressure blast by the high pressure positive blower generation, send in burner hearth, from the burner hearth edge to burner hearth center coal; The secondary air that the high-pressure blast of sending into burner hearth still burns and needs can promote coal fully burning fast effectively; The coal pole-footing is according to needs, every configurable 1-4 root of burner hearth.
Described rotation burner hearth is made of furnace wall and dismountable fire grate, and top, furnace wall and the equipment connection that is heated are divided into rotation axis, be connected with transmission mechanism, and the rotation of actuator drives burner hearth, the coal seam is rotary combustion on the high temperature grate; Heat capacity 10 * 16
6In kilocalorie/time, the burner hearth speed of rotation is adjustable.
Described grate furnace slag with slag off apparatus by round shape disintegrating slag roller, in establish the deslagging spiral and consist of; One end is separately fixed on the unmoving axle at burner hearth center, the other end is placed on fire grate/burner hearth, all around the rotation of separately axis, burner hearth drives the coal seam rotation, the disintegrating slag roller rotates pulverizes slag, disintegrating slag passes the bar hole of establishing on the disintegrating slag roller and falls in cylinder, and the deslagging spiral is discharged the slag dropping tube that slag collects, is delivered to sealing.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is: 1, the inventive method adopts thin and uniform coal seam, leave high temperature grate rotary combustion, slag tap, secondary air combustion aid, combustion processes has again the control of refinement, quantification, precision, the science of accomplishing is coal-fired, sufficient combustion is complete, has improved thermo-efficiency, reduces coal consumption 30%.2, the equipment of the inventive method use, compact construction, reasonable, spare part is few, and cost is low, reduces investment outlay; Safe and reliable to operation, fault is few, easy care, and working cost is low.3, the coal grain at the rotary oven chamber inner combustion of sealing, has been avoided the filthy of coal-fired machinery, the disadvantage of contaminate environment.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described for the below's contrast accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the Process configuration schematic diagram of method for rotary burning of thin coal layer.
Embodiment
Method for rotary burning of thin coal layer device as seen from Figure 1 comprises that metering coal feeder 1 is connected with coal bar 2 coal-feeding ends, and coal bar 2 coal exits are placed in and rotate burner hearth 3 tops, and by the drive unit driving, the wind-force coal feeding pipe is placed in coal bar 2, is connected with high pressure positive blower; Rotate on burner hearth 3 and the equipment connection that is heated, establish in the heart unmoving axle in rotation burner hearth 3, the round shape disintegrating slag roller of slag off apparatus 4, deslagging spiral are separately fixed on unmoving axle; Slag dropping tube 7 is also established at rotation burner hearth 3 centers; Rotation burner hearth 3 is divided into rotating shaft, is connected with transmission mechanism, drives burner hearth 3 rotations by it; Burner hearth bottom is established the air port, is connected with gas blower 5, sends combustion air to.
Be it can also be seen that the process of coal grain rotary combustion by Fig. 1.
At first, according to the operating mode needs, set processing parameter in combustion processes.Then with in treated coal grain input metering coal feeder 1, through 1 weighing of metering coal feeder, quantitatively coal supply, send in the wind-force coal feeding pipe of establishing in coal bar 2.The drive unit of coal bar drive coal bar 2 along burner hearth 3 radial directions do back and forth, step motion when becoming, the high-pressure blast that high pressure positive blower produces is blown into the coal grain top of rotation burner hearth 3, under the reciprocating acting in conjunction of the rotation of burner hearth 3 and coal bar 2, drop on and form not only thin but also uniform coal seam on the burning surface that leaves the high temperature grate, thickness of coal seam can be regulated at any time, and is convenient, flexible.The coal seam is burning rapidly under worst hot case, and violent oxidizing reaction occurs the oxygen in the secondary air that the combustion air that the fugitive constituent of separating out and gas blower 5 drums advance and coal feeding pipe blow into; What then carry out is " contracting grain " combustion processes of coal grain.Due to balk, the secondary air that has again high temperature grate and wind-force coal feeding pipe to blow into also has slag off apparatus 4 " to stir " factors such as coal seam, has accelerated coal cinder " contracting grain " combustion processes from outward appearance to inner essence.At last, in tapping process, rotation burner hearth 3 drives the coal seam rotation of burning, the disintegrating slag roller of slag off apparatus 4 and deslagging spiral rotate around axis separately, stir the coal seam, pulverize slag, the bar hole that disintegrating slag is established by the disintegrating slag roller falls in the disintegrating slag roller, collect, be delivered to slag dropping tube by the deslagging spiral, fall discharge.Combustion method of the present invention also adopts perfect proofing unit and computer control, and coal grain combustion processes is regulated and controled, and makes coal combustion more abundant, more science.
Claims (6)
1. method for rotary burning of thin coal layer, " thin seam " of present method refers to thickness of coal seam less than 30mm, thickness is placed in the rotation burner hearth that leaves the high temperature grate less than the coal grain of 30mm burns, and comprises the following steps:
In a, coal grain input metering coal feeder (1), quantitatively send in the wind-force coal feeding pipe that coal bar (2) establishes through weighing;
B, coal bar (2) coal exit are placed in above rotation burner hearth (3), and reciprocating along the burner hearth radial direction, the coal grain that enters the wind-force coal feeding pipe is sent in burner hearth by wind-force;
C, burner hearth (3) are fixed on support, pivot, and enter the coal grain of burner hearth (3) top under (2) to-and-fro movement of coal bar and burner hearth (3) turning effort, drop on burning fire bed surface, form uniform thin seam;
D, coal seam are under the acting in conjunction of burner hearth (3) rotation and slag off apparatus (4) rotation, and the oxygen that advances in the interior combustion air of burner hearth (3) with gas blower (5) drum combines, and catches fire rapidly, and the equipment that is heated is heated in stable, balancedly burning;
E, in tapping process, the coal seam of burning, along with burner hearth (3) rotation, slag off apparatus (4) rotates, and pulverizes, collects slag, falls in the slag dropping tube (7) of the burner hearth center establishing and discharges;
The feed of f, coal grain, burning and tapping process be by proofing unit and computer control, the optimized combustion process.
2. method for rotary burning of thin coal layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described coal grain is the moulded coal through the raw coal of classification/through granulating, and particle diameter is 10-25mm.
3. method for rotary burning of thin coal layer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described metering coal supply is first according to operating mode, determines the coal amount, then through the weighing of metering coal feeder (1), quantitatively coal supply, Measuring Precision is ± 20g that coal grain furnace entering volume is adjustable.
4. method for rotary burning of thin coal layer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described coal bar (2) coal-feeding end is connected with metering coal feeder (1), coal exit is placed on the support ring of establishing above burner hearth (3), driven by set drive unit that coal bar (2) is done back and forth, step motion when becoming, from the burner hearth edge to burner hearth center coal, the thickness of coal seam 15-30mm of each coal.
5. method for rotary burning of thin coal layer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described burner hearth (3) is made of furnace wall and dismountable fire grate, be fixed on support (6), dividing into rotation axis is connected with transmission mechanism, drive burner hearth (3) rotation, burn leaving on grate in the coal seam, heat capacity can reach 10 * 16
6In kilocalorie/time, burner hearth (3) speed of rotation is adjustable.
6. method for rotary burning of thin coal layer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described slag off apparatus (4) consists of by establishing the deslagging spiral in round shape disintegrating slag roller, be separately fixed on the unmoving axle of burner hearth center, around axis rotation separately, burner hearth (3) drives the coal seam rotation, the disintegrating slag roller rotates pulverizes cinder, and disintegrating slag passes the bar hole of establishing on the disintegrating slag roller and falls in cylinder, and the deslagging spiral is discharged the slag dropping tube (7) that slag is delivered to sealing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100097701A CN101659873B (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-01-20 | Method for rotary burning of thin coal layer |
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| CN200810122440.9 | 2008-05-28 | ||
| CN200810122440 | 2008-05-28 | ||
| CN2009100097701A CN101659873B (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-01-20 | Method for rotary burning of thin coal layer |
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| CN101659873A CN101659873A (en) | 2010-03-03 |
| CN101659873B true CN101659873B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3937620A (en) * | 1973-09-18 | 1976-02-10 | Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for gasifying coal |
| CN2449060Y (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2001-09-19 | 陈其炎 | Vertical upper combustion coal boiler burning chamber |
| CN2544183Y (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2003-04-09 | 李官厚 | Vertical boiler with rotary grate |
| CN1789806A (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-21 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Multi-side stereo combustion boiler capable of realizing clean combustion of coal and combustion method thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-01-20 CN CN2009100097701A patent/CN101659873B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3937620A (en) * | 1973-09-18 | 1976-02-10 | Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for gasifying coal |
| CN2449060Y (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2001-09-19 | 陈其炎 | Vertical upper combustion coal boiler burning chamber |
| CN2544183Y (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2003-04-09 | 李官厚 | Vertical boiler with rotary grate |
| CN1789806A (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-21 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Multi-side stereo combustion boiler capable of realizing clean combustion of coal and combustion method thereof |
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| CN101659873A (en) | 2010-03-03 |
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Owner name: MAANSHAN ANMAI INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI ANMAI ELECTROMECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Effective date: 20150415 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 201206 PUDONG NEW AREA, SHANGHAI TO: 243000 MAANSHAN, ANHUI PROVINCE |
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Effective date of registration: 20150415 Address after: 243000 Anhui Province, Ma'anshan City Economic and Technological Development Zone Hongqi Road No. 88 Branch Center in A405 Patentee after: Maanshan Anmai Innovative Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 201206 Shanghai city Pudong New Area gold road 1617 Lane 305 Patentee before: Shanghai Anmai Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd. |