CN1790758A - 发光设备及车辆用灯具 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种发光设备及车辆用灯具,在发光设备点亮时的光颜色和非点亮时外观上呈现的颜色之间不产生不同,不带来应用于车辆用灯具上的障碍。使用LED等的发光设备(2)具有发光元件(2a)、第一荧光体(2b)、第二荧光体(2c)。发光元件(2a)发出波长范围为可视区域内的光“L1”。此外,第一荧光体(2b)接受“L1”及来自第二荧光体(2c)的光“L3”而发出与该光在可视区域中不同的波长范围的光“L2”。第二荧光体(2c)接受外光中包含的特定的波长成分(紫外光等)而产生与L1大致相同的波长范围的光“L3”,并对第一荧光体(2b)进行照射。使点亮时的合成光“L1”以及“L2”的颜色和非点亮时的合成光“L2”以及“L3”为相同颜色。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于在包含发光元件和多种荧光体的发光设备及使用该发光设备的车辆用灯具中,使点亮时的光颜色和非点亮时可见的颜色没有显著不同的技术。
背景技术
公知有将发光二极管(LED)等发光设备作为光源,使用透镜及反射镜等构成灯具单元,同时使用多个该单元的车辆用灯具,通过组合直射型以及反射型的各单元,可以得到所希望的配光分布(例如,参照专利文献1)。
在灯具光源所使用的白色发光二极管的情况下,由于难以用LED芯片单体得到宽的波长范围的光,例如,使用蓝色发光的LED芯片和通过该芯片所产生的蓝色光的一部分激励的蓝色光激励荧光体。换言之,LED芯片产生的蓝色光和由荧光体产生作为其补色的黄色系的光,通过两者的混色而可以得到白色光。
专利文献1:特开2004-95480号公报
但是,在上述结构中,存在发光设备点亮时的光颜色和在非点亮时外观呈现的颜色不同而引起的问题。
例如,在发光元件(LED芯片)没有点亮的状态下,上述蓝色光激励荧光体自身通过外光(可见光)而带有颜色(黄色),因此在作为灯具的光源使用的情况下,若经由透镜及反射镜等光学零件的映射(映り込み)显著,则产生伪点亮的问题及与灯具规格抵触等问题(根据向光学零件的映射的程度,在灯具前面显现的黄色成分在接近转弯指示灯(turn signal lamp)等的功能色的情况下,会引起误认等问题。)。
因此,通过在光学设计上做研究及附加设置滤光器等,可以取得防止非点亮时产生颜色的机构,但需要解决对点亮时的光颜色及配光分布等的影响,或者结构的复杂化及成本上升等所带来的问题。
发明内容
本发明的课题在于使发光设备点亮时的光颜色和非点亮时外观上呈现的颜色之间不产生不同,不带来向车辆用灯具应用的障碍。
本发明的发光设备构成为通过发光色和荧光色的混色而得到规定的光源色,其中包括以下所述的构成要素。
(I)发出波长范围为可视区域内的第一光的发光元件;
(II)接受上述第一光或下述第三光,并发出与该光在可视区域中不同的波长范围的第二光的第一荧光体;
(III)接受外光中包含的特定的波长成分,产生与第一光大致相同的波长范围的第三光,并对第一荧光体进行照射的第二荧光体。
此外,本发明的车辆用灯具包括通过发光色和荧光色的混色而得到规定的光源色的发光设备和用于以该发光设备作为光源而得到照射光的光学系统,其中,发光设备包括上述构成要素(I)至(III)。
在本发明中,在发光元件点亮时,上述第一光以及上述第二光向外部射出,通过两者的合成而决定光颜色。另外,在发光元件非点亮时,上述第三光以及第二光向外部射出,通过两者的合成来决定光颜色。例如,在发光元件点亮时,若合成了第一以及第二光的光为白色光,则在发光元件非点亮时,合成了与第一光大致相同波长范围的第三光和第二光的光也是白色光。因此,在点亮时和非点亮时向外部射出的合成光的颜色相同或大致为同系颜色。
根据本发明,可以使发光设备点亮时的光颜色和非点亮时外观上呈现的颜色之间不产生不同,防止关于灯具的功能色的混同等。换言之,在向车辆用灯具的应用中,可以防止荧光体颜色(第一荧光体的颜色)对构成该光学系统的零件(透镜及反射镜等)的映射引起的影响,从而解决灯具规格匹配上的问题。
例如,在上述第一以及第三光具有包含蓝色的波长范围,上述第二光具有包含黄色的波长范围的情况下,可以通过非点亮时的映射而不带有黄颜色(可以避免与白色以外的功能色(琥珀色等)的灯具的混同等。)。
另外,作为上述第二荧光体,若使用由紫外光激励的紫外光激励荧光体,则可以利用外光(自然光等)中包含的紫外光的成分。
在对发光元件依次层积有上述第一荧光体、上述第二荧光体的构成方式的应用中,上述第一以及第二光透过第二荧光体,但优选提高该第一以及第二光对该第二荧光体的透过性(第二荧光体层中的光吸收量少。)。
例如,根据作为上述第二荧光体使用了粒子直径比上述第一光的波长小的纳米(nano)荧光体粒子的构成方式,可见光的透过性增加,减光等的影响减少。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的车辆用灯具的结构例的概略图。
图2是表示本发明的发光设备的基本结构的概念图。
图3是表示本发明的发光设备的主要部分结构的概念图。
图4是作为本发明的发光设备的其它例,表示第一荧光体层和第二荧光体层分离的结构的概略图。
图5是作为本发明的发光设备的其它例,表示第一荧光体层以及第二荧光体层形成于从LED芯片隔离的位置的结构的概略图。
图6是作为本发明的发光设备的其它例,表示第一荧光体以及第二荧光体混在同一层内的结构的概略图。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的在于,在对使用了发光二极管等发光设备的灯具及信号机等的应用中,在点亮时和非点亮时,使出射光的颜色没有显著不同。
图1是表示本发明的车辆用灯具的结构例的概略图。
车辆用灯具1在其灯体内包括发光设备2、2、...和用于以它们为光源而得到照射光的光学系统3。
发光设备2具有发光二极管(LED)等灯发光元件2a和两种荧光体2b、2c,通过发光元件2a的发光色和荧光体2b或2c的荧光色的混色而得到规定的光色。
光学系统3使用透镜及反射镜等光学设备构成,在本发明的应用中,不管其光学结构如何都适用。例如,可以举出从发光元件2a发出的光经由投影透镜照射的直射式的构成方式和从发光元件2a发出的光在由反射镜反射之后经由投影透镜照射的反射式的构成方式等。或者,可以将两种类型的光源组合多个而得到希望的配光性能。
图2是用于说明发光设备2的基本结构的概念图,“L1”、“L2”、“L3”表示发光或荧光产生的光,“Lex”表示外光。
第一光“L1”是发光元件2a发出的光,其波长范围为可视区域内。
另外,第二光“L2”是第一荧光体2b发出的荧光,是该荧光体接受第一光“L1”或后述的第三光“L3”而发出的光。该“L2”的波长范围为可视区域内,具有与“L1”及“L3”不同的波长范围。
第三光“L3”是第二荧光体2c发出的荧光,是该荧光体接受外光“Lex”的特定成分而发出的光。第二荧光体2c接受外光中包含的特定波长成分,产生与第一光“L1”大致相同波长范围或具有包含该范围的波长范围的第三光“L3”。然后,通过该“L3”对第一荧光体2b进行照射而得到“L2”。例如,在利用外光中包含的紫外光成分的情况下,使用紫外光激励荧光体作为第二荧光体2c。
在发光体2a点亮时,得到该元件产生的光“L1”与第一荧光体2b产生的光“L2”的合成光,并向发光设备2的外部射出。例如,在“L1”具有包含蓝色的波长范围,“L2”具有包含与“L1”为补色关系的黄色的波长范围情况下,通过两者的混色而得到白色光。
另外,在发光元素2a非点亮时,得到接受了外光Lex的第二荧光体2c产生的光“L3”和接受了该“L3”的第一荧光体2b产生的光“L2”的合成光,并向发光设备2的外部射出。例如,在“L3”与“L1”同样具有包含蓝色的波长范围,“L2”具有包含黄色的波长范围的情况下,通过两者的混色得到白色光。
这样,在发光元件2a点亮时和非点亮时,从包含发光元件2的光源部向外部射出的合成光的颜色大致相同或为同系颜色。
另外,在发光元件2a的点亮时,即使接受外光“Lex”的影响产生“L3”,“L3”也具有与“L1”大致相同的波长范围,由此可知,几乎对点亮时的光颜色没有影响。
图3至图6是对本发明的发光设备的主要部分结构表示了几个例子的概略图。
图3所示的发光设备2A表示使用蓝色激励荧光体作为第一荧光体2b,并使用紫外光激励荧光体作为第二荧光体2c的结构例。
在本例中,使用LED芯片作为光半导体元件4(相当于上述发光元件2a),通过倒装芯片安装等安装在基板上的电极部5、5上。换言之,在LED芯片上形成的p型电极及n型电极使用焊料突起(bump)6、6与基板上的电极图案电连接。另外,LED芯片例如使用氮化物类化合物半导体(InxGayAlzN等)及蓝宝石基板等构成,发出相当于上述“L1”的蓝色光(例如波长400至530nm)。
在发光设备2A中,对LED芯片覆盖其周围而形成第一荧光体层7,进而通过在其外侧形成第二荧光体层8,而具有层叠结构。
第一荧光体层7使用上述第一荧光体,接受LED芯片发出的光的一部分而发出荧光。即,为了得到相当于上述“L2”的光,例如使用由铈(Ce)等赋活(付活した)了的YAG(钇·铝·石榴石)类荧光体等,由此得到包含黄色的波长成分的光(例如,在570nm附近具有峰值波长的光)。将在LED芯片点亮的情况下其发出的蓝色光和接受该蓝色光而在第一发光体层7中发出的荧光合成,得到白色光。
第二荧光体层8使用上述第二荧光体,在本例中,使用紫外光激励荧光体。紫外光激励荧光体在可见光下带有白色而呈现青白色,但接受外光中包含的紫外光而发出相当于上述“L3”的蓝色光。例如,可以使用铝酸盐荧光体,以化学式“MlxAlyOz:M2”表示。另外,该式中的“x∶y∶z”表示M1比Al比O的组成比,“M1”表示Li、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Fr、Be、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Ra中的大于或等于一种的元素。此外,“M2“表示Eu、Mn、Tb中的任意大于或等于一种的元素。
例如,在铝酸盐荧光体中,“(BaO)x·(MgO)y·(Al2O3)z:Eu”作为通过紫外光激励而进行蓝色发光的材料在温度特性上优良,因此在暴露在高温环境中的灯具内也可以得到稳定的发光特性。
第二荧光体层8的厚度(将其记做“d”)根据与粘合剂的混合比率来规定,层厚越大则越容易引起荧光体的沉降。因此,作为紫外光激励荧光体层的厚度,最好设为小于或等于难以发生该沉降的100μm(d≤10-4m)。另外,在与第一荧光体层7的厚度(将其记做“D”)的比较中,设为“d≤D”。即,考虑对上述L1、L2透过第二荧光体层8时的透过率及点亮时的照射光量等的影响,优选将紫外光激励荧光体层厚规定为小于或等于蓝色光激励荧光体层厚。
包含光半导体元件4以及第一荧光体层7、第二荧光体层8的发光部位于设置在它们的周围的收容部件9的凹部9a内,该凹部9a的内面具有作为反射面的功能。
在发光设备2A点亮时,LED芯片发光,同时接受该蓝色光的一部分而得到第一荧光体层7发出的荧光,两者透过第二荧光体层8,白色光向外部射出。另一方面,在非点亮时,第二荧光体层8通过外光中包含的紫外光而进行蓝色发光,第一荧光体层7通过该蓝色光而发光。从而,通过两者的混色而在外观上呈现白色。
图4所示的发光设备2B与上述发光设备2A的不同点在于:用第二荧光体(紫外光激励荧光体)覆盖收容部件9的开口。因而,以下主要说明不同点,对于具有与上述发光设备2A上所示的各部分同样的功能的部分使用与已经使用的符号相同的符号(另外,这在后述的发光设备2C、2D中同样。)。
在本例中,对于LED芯片覆盖其周围地形成第一荧光体层7,它们位于收容部件9的凹部9a内。而且,形成第二荧光体层8而其覆盖该凹部9a的开口(即,两种荧光体层形成分离的状态,不必层积两层,故在材料选定等方面自由度高)。
在发光设备2B点亮时,LED芯片发光,同时接受该蓝色光的一部分而得到第一荧光体层7发出的荧光,两者在第一荧光体层7和第二荧光体层8之间传播,进而透过第二荧光体层8,白色光向外部射出。此外,在非点亮时,第二荧光体层8通过外光中包含的紫外光而进行蓝色发光,该蓝色光被照射到第一荧光体层7而发光。由此,通过两者的混色而在外观上呈现白色。
图5所示的发光设备2C与上述发光设备2A的不同点在于:用第一以及第二荧光体覆盖收容部件9的开口。
在本例中,仅LED芯片位于收容部件9的凹部9a内。而且,首先形成第一荧光体层7而覆盖该凹部9a的开口,进而在其上层形成第二荧光体层8(两种荧光体层为层叠状态。)。
在发光设备2C点亮时,LED芯片发光,同时接受该蓝色光的一部分而得到第一荧光体层7发出的荧光,两者透过上层的第二荧光体层8,白色光向外部射出。另外,在非点亮时,第二荧光体层8通过外光中包含的紫外光而进行蓝色发光,该蓝色光被照射到第一荧光体层7上而发光。从而,通过两者的混色,在收容部件9的表面呈现白色。
不必在LED芯片的外表面形成两种荧光体层,可以得到如下优点,即,荧光体层难以受到来自芯片的热影响及光照射引起的恶化等,充分地确保了荧光体的占有面积,还可以减薄层厚等。
图6所示的发光设备2D与上述发光设备2A的不同点在于:使用将第一以及第二荧光体混合而形成的荧光体层。
在本例中,不对第一发光体和第二发光体进行层分离,在一个层内使用相同的粘合剂混合两荧光体。即,在覆盖LED芯片的周围而形成荧光体层10的状态下,荧光体层10位于收容部件9的凹部9a内。
在发光设备2D点亮时,LED芯片发光,同时接受该蓝色光的一部分而得到荧光体层10中包含的蓝色光激励荧光体产生的荧光,通过蓝色光和荧光(黄色光)的合成,白色光向外部射出。另外,在非点亮时,荧光体层10中包含的紫外光激励荧光体通过外光中包含的紫外光而进行蓝色发光,该蓝色光被照射到同一层中包含的蓝色光激励荧光体而发光。从而,通过两者的混合而呈现白色。
在本方式中,优选使用纳米荧光体粒子作为第二荧光体,起到在点亮时使透过荧光体层10的可见光增加的效果。此外,在非点亮时也得到同样的效果。
对于使用的纳米荧光体粒子,其粒子直径与LED芯片发出的光(相当于上述“L1”)的波长相比为小直径,例如,如果为2至10nm左右则对可见光为透明(通过将粒子设为小于或等于可见光波长的四分之一,可以充分地确保对可见光的透明性)。另外,通过控制纳米荧光体粒子的粒子直径,可以控制由荧光产生的光的寿命,并可以变化该光的波长。
此外,对于使用的粘合剂优选使用对于紫外光的耐光性和热稳定性等优良的材料(氟树脂及二甲基硅树脂、硅倍半氧烷树脂等)。另外,通过将具有小于或等于紫外光的半波长的粒子直径的金属氧化物粒子(对紫外光为透明)均匀地分散在粘合剂中,可以提高折射率。
本发明不限于本例,显然在图3至图5所示的结构中,对第二荧光体使用纳米荧光体粒子也有效。此外,可进行将第二荧光体混入封闭用的透明树脂部件等中的各种方式中的实施。
如以上所说明的,在对将发光元件的发光色和荧光体的荧光色组合而通过两者的混色得到规定的光源色的发光设备以及使用该发光设备的车辆灯具的应用中,发光元件点亮时的颜色(光源色)和在非点亮时通过经由光学部件的映射而在外部呈现的颜色相同或为同系颜色,由此,可以防止非点亮时的颜色和其它的灯具的功能颜色混同。而且,为此仅设置第二荧光体即可,不必担心对结构的复杂化和成本上升等的影响。
Claims (6)
1.一种发光设备,构成为通过发光色和荧光色的混色而得到规定的光源色,其特征在于,包括:
发光元件,其发出波长范围为可视区域内的第一光;
第一荧光体,其接受上述第一光或下述第三光,并发出与该光在可视区域中不同的波长范围的第二光;
第二荧光体,其接受外光中包含的特定波长成分,产生与第一光大致相同的波长范围的第三光,并对第一荧光体进行照射。
2.如权利要求1所述的发光设备,其特征在于,上述第一以及第三光具有包含蓝色的波长范围,上述第二光具有包含黄色的波长范围。
3.如权利要求1所述的发光设备,其特征在于,上述第二荧光体被紫外线激励。
4.如权利要求1、2或3所述的发光设备,其特征在于,具有对上述发光元件依次层叠有上述第一荧光体、上述第二荧光体的结构,同时,上述第一及第二光透过上述第二荧光体。
5.如权利要求1、2或3所述的发光设备,其特征在于,作为上述第二荧光体,使用与上述第一光的波长相比粒子直径为小径的纳米荧光体粒子。
6.一种车辆用灯具,包括通过发光色和荧光色的混色而得到规定的光源色的发光设备和用于以该发光设备作为光源而得到照射光的光学系统,其特征在于,上述发光设备包括:
发光元件,其发出波长范围为可视区域内的第一光;
第一荧光体,其接受上述第一光或下述第三光,并发出与该光在可视区域中不同的波长范围的第二光;
第二荧光体,其接受外光中包含的特定的波长成分,产生与第一光大致相同的波长范围的第三光,并对第一荧光体进行照射。
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2005
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- 2005-11-03 CN CNB200510119313XA patent/CN100452454C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-03 KR KR1020050104890A patent/KR100654287B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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CN102356480A (zh) * | 2009-03-19 | 2012-02-15 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 颜色调节装置 |
CN102356480B (zh) * | 2009-03-19 | 2015-06-17 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | 颜色调节装置 |
TWI502150B (zh) * | 2009-03-19 | 2015-10-01 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | 色彩調整配置 |
CN102376849B (zh) * | 2010-08-05 | 2016-02-17 | 斯坦雷电气株式会社 | 半导体发光装置 |
CN109616565A (zh) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-04-12 | 株式会社小糸制作所 | 灯具 |
CN109616565B (zh) * | 2017-09-21 | 2021-06-22 | 株式会社小糸制作所 | 灯具 |
CN110630976A (zh) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-12-31 | 株式会社小糸制作所 | 发光模块 |
Also Published As
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CN100452454C (zh) | 2009-01-14 |
US7501749B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 |
KR20060052442A (ko) | 2006-05-19 |
KR100654287B1 (ko) | 2006-12-08 |
JP2006135002A (ja) | 2006-05-25 |
US20060091779A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
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