CN1774335A - 机动车气囊和用于气囊的织物 - Google Patents

机动车气囊和用于气囊的织物 Download PDF

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CN1774335A
CN1774335A CNA2004800098095A CN200480009809A CN1774335A CN 1774335 A CN1774335 A CN 1774335A CN A2004800098095 A CNA2004800098095 A CN A2004800098095A CN 200480009809 A CN200480009809 A CN 200480009809A CN 1774335 A CN1774335 A CN 1774335A
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克莱尔·B·巴斯
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种与车上的充气机构一起使用的机动车气囊。该气囊由在水溶液中浸渍过的底基织物形成。结果是，涂层涂覆在该底基织物上达到了所期望的低渗透性。

Description

机动车气囊和用于气囊的织物
技术领域
本发明一般涉及用于车辆乘客限制系统类型的气囊。
背景技术
机动车通常采用气囊系统来补充座椅安全带提供的保护。这些气囊系统采用至少一个与充气气源流体连通的折叠气囊。当碰撞被探测到时，车辆内的传感器启动充气气源。典型地，化学反应可以产生气囊充气所需的充气气体。结果是，气囊迅速膨胀以吸收至少一部分否则可能会作用于车辆乘客的碰撞力。
机动车通常包含几个气囊，每一个气囊放置在乘客易受伤的区域。方向盘通常包含驾驶员侧气囊以保护驾驶员。为了保护乘坐于前排乘客席的乘客，隔板内通常有一个乘客侧气囊。除驾驶员侧和乘客侧气囊以外，许多车辆现在装备有侧幕帘。
涂层气囊织物最初被用于驾驶员侧气囊以防止热气和散粒穿透垫层表面。这些气囊主要包括涂覆有840-但尼尔(denier)、25×25结构尼龙织物的氯丁橡胶。典型地，该涂层重量大约是每平方码2盎司。因此，这些织物非常重并且很难被包装入包含气囊系统的小模块内。
在20世纪80年代期间，涂覆有840-但尼尔织物的氯丁橡胶终于被逐步淘汰，并被一种覆有420-但尼尔、49×49或46×46结构织物的较轻的硅树脂代替。目前，美国生产的硅树脂或者是不含溶剂的完全固态，或者可以含有一些溶剂，这些溶剂在涂层涂覆之后在炉中被烧掉了。除了化学方面，硅树脂典型地通过织物一侧的辊衬刮刀涂覆，随后通过固化所需的加热烤箱。
谈及侧幕帘气囊，空气保持需求迫使织物供应商着眼于层合结构以作为满足新规格的手段。侧幕帘与前气囊不同，因为它们必须长时期保留有空气以便在倾翻事故期间保护乘客。尽管涂覆硅树脂的气囊在一些情况下被使用，但是层合结构也能产生很坚固的、密封的气囊。然而，层合结构的加工工艺甚至比涂覆硅树脂更昂贵，因为它需要使用薄膜，薄膜通常由粘合剂粘结在织物上，然后固化。
需要一种可以克服上述缺点的新型气囊织物。
发明内容
本发明认识到并致力于现有技术结构及方法的前述缺点和其他方面。
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种机动车气囊，该气囊至少部分由新型低渗透性织物制成。
这些目的中的某些是通过与车上的充气机构一起使用的车辆气囊实现的。该气囊由一种在水溶液中浸渍过的底基织物形成。结果，在底基织物上涂覆涂层以达到所期望的低渗透性。
本发明的其它目的、特征和方面在下面做更详细的讨论。
附图说明
在说明书的剩余部分，包括参考附图，专门向本领域普通技术人员阐述了本发明的完全公开，包括其最佳实施方式，其中：
图1是驾驶员侧气囊的侧视图，该气囊例如可以采用本发明的织物生产。
图2图示了一种在底基织物上涂覆渗透性降低涂层的方式。
图3是依据本发明制成的织物的放大横截面。
图4是图3所示织物的放大俯视图。
在本发明的说明书和附图中重复使用的附图标记表示本发明的相同或类似的特征或元件。
具体实施方式
本领域的普通技术人员应该明白本文仅仅描述了示例性实施例，不应该限制本发明的较宽范围，其较宽的范围被包括在示例性的解释中。
图1表示了一种典型的驾驶员侧气囊10，该气囊可以由依据本发明的织物制成。气囊10包括前面板12，其沿模缝线16与后面板14连接。后面板14形成有充气孔18，以提供与充气气源的流体连通。应该认识到，其它类型的气囊也可以采用本发明的织物制造，例如乘客侧、侧垫和侧幕帘气囊。此外，本发明可以被应用于裁剪和缝制的气囊，或者用于整块编织的气囊(不需要缝制)。
参考图2、3和4，本发明织物由浸渍过水溶液的衬底(或底基织物)20制成。尤其是，衬底20可以被织成类似于目前用于生产硅树脂涂覆织物的原色的或成品的织物。例如，衬底20可以由尺寸在210但尼尔到840但尼尔之间的合成复丝(如尼龙或聚酯)制造。典型的织物结构见下表。例如，典型的底基织物可能具有以49×49平纹纺织结构纺织的420但尼尔尼龙纱。
                     表
  纱尺寸(但尼尔)   织物经纬密度范围(经和纬)
  210   64-74
  315   55-65
  420   42-52
  525   36-46
  630   33-43
  840   15-25
如图2所示，衬底20通过装有水溶液26的池24输送(如箭头22所示)。池24内设置的导辊28使衬底20完全浸没在该溶液中。用于把衬底浸渍到该水溶液中的其它系统应该是本领域的普通技术人员所熟知的。
在现有溶液26上面，衬底20穿过相对的辊子30和32之间形成的辊隙。该辊隙用于把溶液26很好地挤压到织物纹路中。现在，已经携带了一些该水溶液的衬底20随后在张布架烤箱34上或其它合适的干燥装置上晾干。该水溶液中的水份将在烤箱34中蒸发，在底基织物上留下薄层(或“残余物”)形式的化合物。
现在参考图3和4，更容易解释合成的织物。如图所示，本发明的织物36具有经纱38和纬纱40。把底基织物浸渍在水溶液中形成的残余物42粘附在底基织物的两面及其纹路44中。涂层和底基织物粘合很好，形成一整体织物结构。
该织物的渗透性可以通过改变溶液浓度控制。可以通过更多的水稀释该溶液以形成更薄的残余物，或以更高的浓度形成更厚的覆盖层。低渗透性也可以通过使衬底20多次经过该溶液而实现。例如，一种略微稀释的溶液(如50％化合物/50％水)可以形成一种渗透性充分降低的织物。通过提高化合物浓度和/或额外经过溶液，渗透性会进一步降低，这样可以得到一种完全不渗透的织物。
由涂层给底基织物增加的重量将变化。典型地，增加的重量可能是从0.1到4盎司每平方码。
合成的织物与未处理的织物相比，在透气性方面通常会提高至少20％。该优点在于以十分低的成本生产的织物具有与硅树脂涂覆织物可比的空气保持能力和性能特征。此外，衬底20可以由传统的未涂覆织物形成，以助于在以更少的纱制造合成织物时实现更低的渗透性。例如，不采用60×60未涂覆的低渗透织物，衬底20可以是55×55织物，通过上述的水浸渍工艺该织物具有相等的低渗透性。
该溶液可以由各种水基涂剂形成，如脂肪族氨基甲酸乙酯、丙烯酸树脂、硅树脂、阻燃剂和/或它们的混合物。在该溶液中使用的特定的化学制品取决于合成织物的期望特征。例如，所期望的渗透性将影响使用的溶液。关于所期望的老化降解，可以加入具有特定张力性质的交联剂。取决于所期望的可燃性，可以在该溶液中加入合适的阻燃剂。合成织物的刚性可以通过使用增塑剂而改变。此外，润湿剂可以用来保证底基织物更均匀地吸收溶液。
一种可以用于该水溶液的产品包括卤化聚合物，其中，该聚合物包括，但不局限于，丙烯酸树脂、丙烯酸共聚物、聚氨酯和聚醋酸乙烯酯；基于磷和硫化学的并用亚甲醇浓缩产物增强耐久性的阻燃剂混合物；包括磷酸烷基酯和/或邻苯二甲酸烷酯，其中烷基链范围为C3-C10；和作为润湿剂的HLB值是4-12的非离子表面活性剂。
一种合适产品的另外例子是类似于预先硫化胶乳化合物的成膜橡胶聚合物。它们基于一种脂肪族氨基甲酸乙酯配方，该配方是自交联的和风干/室温凝固的橡胶。这些产品可以和水基色素或染料结合以得到完整的色饱和度。尽管自身抗火，也可以添加额外的阻燃剂以提高所需的可燃性能。
可以看出本发明提供了一种用于车辆气囊的改进织物。特别是，本发明实施例采用了水基涂层而不是传统涂层或层合结构来获得所期望级别的渗透性。该溶液的水成性质也消除了涂覆织物经常需要的溶剂的使用。
虽然展示和描述了本发明当前优选实施例和实现本发明的当前优选操作方法，但是可以理解本领域的普通技术人员可以对它做各种修改和变化。另外，应该理解，各个实施例的各方面可以做整体或局部的互换。此外，本领域的普通技术人员知道上述描述仅仅是给出示例，而不是本发明实质和范围的限制。

Claims (20)

1.一种与车上的充气机构一起使用的车辆气囊，所述车辆气囊具有至少一个气囊织物面板，所述织物包括：
织物衬底；和
通过把所述织物衬底浸渍在一种水溶液中以在所述织物衬底上形成残余物从而得到所期望的低渗透性。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆气囊，其中所述残余物粘结在所述织物衬底上。
3.如权利要求1所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底多次浸渍在所述水溶液中以得到更低的渗透性。
4.如权利要求1所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底的渗透性通过改变所述水溶液浓度来调节。
5.如权利要求1所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底是尺寸在210但尼尔到840但尼尔之间的复丝。
6.如权利要求5所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底的尺寸大约210但尼尔，织物经纬密度范围在64和74之间。
7.如权利要求5所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底的尺寸大约315但尼尔，织物经纬密度范围在55和65之间。
8.如权利要求5所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底的尺寸大约420但尼尔，织物经纬密度范围在42和52之间。
9.如权利要求5所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底的尺寸大约525但尼尔，织物经纬密度范围在36和46之间。
10.如权利要求5所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底的尺寸大约630但尼尔，织物经纬密度范围在33和43之间。
11.如权利要求5所述的车辆气囊，其中所述织物衬底的尺寸大约840但尼尔，织物经纬密度范围在15和25之间。
12.一种调节机动车气囊所用织物渗透性的系统，所述系统包括：
具有一种水溶液并且尺寸被确定为可以容纳织物衬底从而织物衬底可以完全浸渍在所述水溶液中的池；
存在于所述池上方用于干燥所述织物的张布架烤箱；
把所述织物从所述池传送到所述干燥装置的装置；以及
从而所述水溶液在所述织物衬底上形成残余物以得到所期望的渗透性。
13.如权利12所述的系统，其中所述传送装置使织物衬底至少两次经过所述池和所述张布架烤箱以得到更低的渗透性。
14.一种调节机动车气囊所用织物渗透性的方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
(a)将织物衬底浸渍在一种水溶液中；
(b)将所述织物衬底传送到干燥装置；
(c)使所述织物衬底充分干燥以蒸发掉所述水溶液的水份，从而在所述织物衬底上形成残余物。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中步骤(a)、(b)和(c)被实施多次以使所述织物衬底具有更低的渗透性。
16.如权利要求14所述的方法，其中，调节所述水溶液的浓度以控制所述织物衬底的渗透性。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中，提高所述水溶液浓度以降低所述织物衬底的渗透性。
18.如权利要求16所述的系统，其中，所述水溶液是脂肪族氨基甲酸乙酯。
19.如权利要求14所述的系统，其中，所述水溶液包括卤化聚合物。
20.如权利要求14所述的系统，其中，所述水溶液包括成膜橡胶聚合物。
CN2004800098095A 2003-03-21 2004-03-22 机动车气囊和用于气囊的织物 Expired - Fee Related CN1774335B (zh)

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