CN1710406B - Crop growing-state real-time analyzing instrument - Google Patents
Crop growing-state real-time analyzing instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1710406B CN1710406B CN 200410048797 CN200410048797A CN1710406B CN 1710406 B CN1710406 B CN 1710406B CN 200410048797 CN200410048797 CN 200410048797 CN 200410048797 A CN200410048797 A CN 200410048797A CN 1710406 B CN1710406 B CN 1710406B
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Abstract
A real time analyzer of crop growing state is prepared by having a collecting end and more than one outgoing ends on lightguide fiber as outgoing ends being connected to measuring unit separately; using measuring unit to filer, convert reflected light collected by lightguide fiber; sending electric signal to processing unit by its output end and utilizing collection , signal amplification , A/D conversion and data processing in processing unit to obtain final measurement result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crop growing state real-time analyzer, especially a kind of by the spectral reflectivity of measuring plant or the analyser that transmissivity is diagnosed crop growing state.
Background technology
Plant nutrient situation and plant reflective spectral property are closely related, adopt the near-earth remote sensing technology to measure spectral reflectivity or the transmissivity of plant, just can diagnose the status in different nutritional status of crop again according to the difference of plant spectral characteristic.
The spectral reflectivity that utilizes crop has multiple as the method for measurement means.U.S. ASD (Analytical Spectral Devices) company produces the serial spectral radiometer that is used to measure the object spectrum reflectivity, comprise full spectrum portable light spectrometer (wavelength coverage: 350-2500nm) and handheld portable spectroanalysis instrument (wavelength coverage: 300-1100nm) etc., these Instrument measuring precisions and spectral resolution are all very high, but their dispersion element all is to adopt holographic reflection grating, make instrument cost an arm and a leg, be applicable to research but be not suitable for production.
The optical measurement of another portable crop growth monitoring device has partly utilized double integrator photospheric spectrum mensuration to obtain crops blade spectral reflectance amount and transmission amount, by handling the fundamental quantity that computing obtains reflecting judgement crops growing ways such as leaf water content, chlorophyll content.But there are many deficiencies in this device, as: can only measure transmissivity, and measuring mechanism need carry the multispectral rotating disk of light source, motor, driven by motor etc., limited this device in the farmland the on-the-spot possibility of measuring in real time.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of crop growing state real-time analyzer is proposed, can collect crop canopies and other can reflect the reflected light at the position of crop growing state, difference according to the survey crop changes the measurement wavelength easily, and can measure a plurality of wavelength simultaneously, measure blade nitrogen content, chlorophyll content, the leaf water content of crop in the growth in real time, and crop growing state is made comprehensive judgement.
Based on the vegetation reflective spectral measure of near-earth remote sensing technology, be meant with natural lighting as light source, measure the method for the spectral reflectivity of plant canopy or blade.Therefore this method can realize real harmless, the real-time measurement because measuring equipment does not take place directly to contact with plant.Therefore be implemented in and measure vegetation under the low-cost field, just become the key of the status in different nutritional status that realizes the diagnosis crop different-waveband reflection of light rate.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of crop growing state real-time analyzer, it is characterized in that: comprise light-conductive optic fibre, measuring unit, processing unit, described light-conductive optic fibre comprises a collecting terminal, more than one exit end, described measuring unit comprises optical filter, photoelectric device, photometry joint and bonnet, described more than one exit end is connected with the photometry joint of measuring unit respectively, more than one photometry joint one end is provided with jack, be tip side, this jack is connected with the exit end of light-conductive optic fibre, the other end of described photometry joint is provided with the photometry chamber, be the photometry end, the inlet of photometry chamber communicates with jack, be provided with optical filter successively from the end that enters the mouth in that photometry is indoor, photoelectric device, bonnet is fastened on the exit of photometry chamber, make the photometry chamber become the space of a sealing, and the signal extension line of photoelectric device is drawn by the through hole in the middle of the bonnet, the reflected light of light-conductive optic fibre being collected by measuring unit filters, conversion, give processing unit by its output terminal output electric signal, signal by processing unit amplifies, the A/D conversion, data processing obtains The ultimate results.
Be provided with packing ring between described optical filter and the photoelectric device.
The exit end of described light-conductive optic fibre comprises insertion end and web member, by web member insertion end is fixed in the jack of photometry joint.
Described web member is the hollow cylinder that is provided with screw thread with the inside surface of the coaxial setting of insertion end, and the outside surface of the tip side of measuring unit is provided with screw thread, and web member is fixed on insertion end in the jack by being threaded.
Described insertion end is stretched out web member, and when in the jack that is inserted into the measuring unit tip side, this insertion end is supported the porch to the photometry chamber.
Described processing unit comprises signal amplification circuit, A/D converter, processor, storer, display, the input of described signal amplification circuit is connected with the output of measuring unit, the output of amplifying circuit is connected with the input of A/D converter, through being input to processor after the A/D conversion, by processor the data of input are handled, and the data after will handling output in the display and show, described storer passes through data line, address wire, control line respectively and is connected with processor.
Described processing unit also comprises more than one button, and described more than one button is connected with processor respectively.
Described processor is a single-chip microcomputer.
Described signal amplification circuit comprises emitter follower, subtracter and two stage amplifer circuit.Photoelectric device has been exported current signal and voltage signal simultaneously, and current signal is at first inserted first order amplifying circuit, changes current signal into voltage signal when amplifying; The voltage signal of photoelectric device output is input to emitter follower, and the output signal with first order amplifying circuit and emitter follower inserts subtracter to eliminate and the irrelevant error of illumination then, is amplified by second level amplifying circuit at last.
Described processing unit also comprises one or more communication interface, and described communication interface is serial communication interface or USB interface.
The present invention collects crop canopies by light-conductive optic fibre and other can reflect the reflected light at the position of crop growing state, its measuring unit can change the measurement wavelength easily according to the difference of survey crop, and the interference that has completely cut off exterior light, the precision height of measuring, simultaneously can measure a plurality of wavelength, reach blade nitrogen content, chlorophyll content, the leaf water content of crop in the real-time measurement growth, and the purpose of crop growing state being made comprehensive judgement, and, simple to operate, the safety of device provided by the invention, cost is low, and is applied widely.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of light-conductive optic fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the measuring unit decomposing schematic representation;
Fig. 4 is the theory diagram of processing unit of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is an amplifying circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a partial circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the bright technical scheme of we is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of crop growing state real-time analyzer provided by the invention, this crop growing state real-time analyzer comprises mainly to be made up of two parts, a part is an apparatus subject, a part is for passing through the connected light-conductive optic fibre of joint, on the whole, the crop growing state real-time analyzer comprises light-conductive optic fibre 1, measuring unit 2, processing unit 3, described light-conductive optic fibre 1 comprises a collecting terminal 11, two exit ends 12, two exit ends 12 are connected with the photometry joint of measuring unit 2 respectively, the reflected light of light-conductive optic fibre 1 being collected by measuring unit 2 filters, conversion, give processing unit 3 by its output terminal output electric signal, carry out signal by processing unit 3 and amplify, the A/D conversion, data processing obtains The ultimate results.
In order to measure a plurality of wavelength simultaneously, light-conductive optic fibre 1 can have a plurality of exit ends 12, each exit end 12 connects with the different photometry joint of measuring unit 2 respectively, the different signal of each photometry joint output is given processing unit 3, in present embodiment, two exit ends 12 are arranged, light-conductive optic fibre 1 is the Y font, wherein, the total length of light-conductive optic fibre 1 is 1000mm, and collecting terminal 11 is 600mm to the length of node 13, and node 13 is 400mm to the length of exit end 12, the fibre-optic core diameter of collecting terminal 11 is 7mm, and the fibre-optic core diameter of exit end 12 is 5mm.Because the fibre core of collecting terminal 11 is thicker, can guarantee to collect more reflected light.
The structure of exit end 12 as shown in Figure 2, exit end 12 comprises insertion end 121 and web member 122, wherein, web member 122 is the threaded hollow cylinder of an inner surface belt, insertion end 121 coaxial being arranged in the hollow cylinder, wherein, insertion end is stretched out hollow cylinder.
The structure of measuring unit 2 as shown in Figure 3, comprise photometry joint 21, optical filter 22, photoelectric device 23, reach bonnet 24, photometry joint 21 is the different coaxial cylinder of an external diameter, establishes jack 211 in the little end of external diameter, is tip side, the external diameter of the internal diameter of jack 211 and insertion end 121 is complementary, and the outside surface of tip side is provided with screw thread, and the end that external diameter is big is provided with photometry chamber 212, is the photometry end, photometry chamber 212 communicates with jack 211, and is provided with the through hole 213 that is parallel to axle on the photometry end.When the insertion end 121 of light-conductive optic fibre 1 exit end 12 is inserted in the jack 211, the end of insertion end 121 just is inserted into photometry chamber 212, can't enter measuring unit photometry chambers 2 so that guarantee outside stray light, what photometry was indoor can not scattered and not disappeared by photometry yet, and the internal thread of web member just with the threaded engagement of tip side outside surface, the exit end 12 of light-conductive optic fibre 1 can be connected closely with measuring unit 2.
Be provided with packing ring 251, optical filter 22, packing ring 252, photoelectric device 23 successively from jack 211 1 ends in photometry chamber 212, wherein, this packing ring 251,252 makes the connection of each parts tightr, and can avoid impact failure again.
In this reality reason, photoelectric device 23 adopts photoelectric cell.
The center of bonnet 24 is provided with through hole 241, be used to draw the signal extension line of photoelectric device 23 in the photometry chamber 212, the place of keeping to the side is provided with through hole 242, when bonnet 24 fastens on the photometry joint 21, through hole 242 communicates with through hole 213 on the photometry end, is fixed on the apparatus subject by web member.
The theory diagram of processing unit 3 as shown in Figure 4, processing unit 3 comprises signal amplification circuit 31, A/D converter 32, processor 33, storer 34, LCD 35, serial communication interface 36, button 37, wherein, the input end of signal amplification circuit 31 is connected with the signal output part of photoelectric device 23, be used for amplifying by the photoelectric device electrical signal converted, and the electric signal after the amplification outputs to A/D converter 32, after the A/D conversion, output to processor 33, through after the processing of processor, result outputed on the display show, perhaps preserve at storer 34.The data that record also can output in the host computer by serial communication interface, and perhaps the data after the A/D converter conversion directly output to the host computer by processor, serial communication interface, are handled by host computer.Button 37 is used for the operation control to test process.
The circuit theory diagrams of signal amplification circuit 31 as shown in Figure 5, the model of U2～U5 chip is TLC271.The photocurrent of photoelectric cell output is admitted to first order amplifier U2, when amplifying, realized the I-U conversion, so that subsequent treatment, simultaneously in order to eliminate noise, the voltage signal of photoelectric cell output is inserted emitter follower U3, then with U2, the output signal of U3 inserts in the subtracter that is made of U4 to eliminate and the irrelevant error of illumination, insert the second level amplifier of being made up of U5 at last and finally amplify, the feedback resistance R7 that changes second level discharge circuit can adjust enlargement factor very easily.
The circuit theory diagrams of other parts of processing unit 3 as shown in Figure 6, the processor adopting model is the single-chip microcomputer U7 of AT89S51, it is the A/D converter U6 of MAX186 that A/D converter adopts model, it is the EEPROM U10 of AT28C64 that storer adopts model, it is the LCD U11 of LCM045 that LCD adopts model, by model is the level transferring chip U12 extension serial communication interface of MAX232, and button S1-S6 arranged, wherein, the input end of A/D converter U6 connects two signal A1 of amplifying circuit output, A2, after the A/D conversion, output on the single-chip microcomputer U7 by data line, single-chip microcomputer U7 is by the difference data line, address wire, control line is connected with EEPROM U10, single-chip microcomputer U7 is connected with LCD U11 by data line, and single-chip microcomputer U7 is used for communicating with host computer by level transferring chip U12 extension serial communication interface J1.
Button S 1 is a power switch, is used to control the power supply of this device, and button S2 is a reset switch, is used for resetting processor AT89S51, and button S3-S6 is the control button.
At first, the S1 opening power pushes button, if display screen shows " good ", the expression instrument is working properly, and the S3 that pushes button then is used for the testing standard plate, because light-conductive optic fibre has adopted " Y " shape structure, instrument will obtain the intensity of reflected light of on-gauge plate 2 wavelength coverages simultaneously according to the centre wavelength of 2 tablet filters that adopt, and this test data will be put into the RAM of single-chip microcomputer U7 internal fixation immediately; Second step, the S4 that pushes button begins pilot blade, and is same with the testing standard plate, and instrument will obtain the intensity of reflected light of blade 2 wavelength coverages simultaneously, then by program respectively according to the intensity of reflected light of on-gauge plate and blade, calculate blade to 2 reflectivity of setting wavelength; The 3rd step, the model algorithm program that single-chip microcomputer U7 is embedded, will be according to blade to 2 reflectivity of setting wavelength, calculate the nitrogen content of blade, with this data presentation on display screen, and depositing the outside EEPROM U10 that expands in, this EEPROM U10 has power-down protection, can preserve data in the long period; In the 4th step, test finishes the back if the data in the storer will be read, then itself and host computer are coupled together by serial communication interface J1, and the S6 that pushes button, this moment, data just can be read by upper computer software.If when test, directly use host computer, the S5 that then can push button, this moment, display screen showed " PC ", expression and upper machine communication success, the data of test just can show in upper computer software, and can store.Mistake appears in test process, then can button S2, and single-chip microcomputer U7 is resetted, test again.
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. crop growing state real-time analyzer, it is characterized in that: comprise light-conductive optic fibre, measuring unit, processing unit, described light-conductive optic fibre comprises a collecting terminal, more than one exit end, described measuring unit comprises optical filter, photoelectric device, photometry joint and bonnet, described more than one exit end is connected with the photometry joint of measuring unit respectively, more than one photometry joint one end is provided with jack, be tip side, this jack is connected with the exit end of light-conductive optic fibre, the other end of described photometry joint is provided with the photometry chamber, be the photometry end, the inlet of photometry chamber communicates with jack, be provided with optical filter successively from the end that enters the mouth in that photometry is indoor, photoelectric device, bonnet is fastened on the exit of photometry chamber, make the photometry chamber become the space of a sealing, and the signal extension line of photoelectric device is drawn by the through hole in the middle of the bonnet, the reflected light of light-conductive optic fibre being collected by measuring unit filters, conversion, give processing unit by its output terminal output electric signal, collection by processing unit, signal amplifies, the A/D conversion, data processing obtains The ultimate results.
2. crop growing state real-time analyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with packing ring between described optical filter and the photoelectric device.
3. crop growing state real-time analyzer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the exit end of described light-conductive optic fibre comprises insertion end and web member, by web member insertion end is fixed in the jack of photometry joint.
4. crop growing state real-time analyzer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described web member is the hollow cylinder that is provided with screw thread with the inside surface of the coaxial setting of insertion end, the outside surface of the tip side of measuring unit is provided with screw thread, and web member is fixed on insertion end in the jack by being threaded.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described crop growing state real-time analyzers, it is characterized in that: described insertion end is stretched out web member, and when in the jack that is inserted into the measuring unit tip side, this insertion end is supported the porch to the photometry chamber.
6. crop growing state real-time analyzer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described processing unit comprises signal amplification circuit, A/D converter, processor, display, storer, the input of described signal amplification circuit is connected with the output of measuring unit, the output of amplifying circuit is connected with the input of A/D converter, through being input to processor after the A/D conversion, by processor the data of input are handled, and the data after will handling output in the display and show, described storer is respectively by data line, address wire, control line and processor.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 described crop growing state real-time analyzers, it is characterized in that: described processing unit also comprises more than one button, and described more than one button is connected with processor respectively.
8. crop growing state real-time analyzer according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described processor is a single-chip microcomputer.
9. crop growing state real-time analyzer according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described processing unit also comprises more than one communication interface, and described communication interface is serial communication interface or USB interface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410048797 CN1710406B (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2004-06-18 | Crop growing-state real-time analyzing instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410048797 CN1710406B (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2004-06-18 | Crop growing-state real-time analyzing instrument |
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| CN1710406A CN1710406A (en) | 2005-12-21 |
| CN1710406B true CN1710406B (en) | 2010-04-28 |
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| CN 200410048797 Expired - Fee Related CN1710406B (en) | 2004-06-18 | 2004-06-18 | Crop growing-state real-time analyzing instrument |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101881725B (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2012-01-11 | 浙江大学 | Automatic monitoring system of greenhouse crop growth conditions based on reflection spectrum |
| CN102207452A (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-10-05 | 中国农业大学 | Measuring system and method of crop canopy spectral indexes |
| CN102213616A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-10-12 | 中国农业大学 | Space multi-spectral information acquiring device |
| CN107014753B (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2020-09-29 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Crop growth monitoring method and system |
Citations (6)
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| CN2174687Y (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1994-08-17 | 南京理工大学 | Portable device for monitoring crops growing |
| CN2241340Y (en) * | 1995-07-30 | 1996-11-27 | 谈良知 | Optical fiber bicolor liquid level meter |
| US5991025A (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 1999-11-23 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Near infrared spectrometer used in combination with an agricultural implement for real time grain and forage analysis |
| US6160902A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2000-12-12 | Case Corporation | Method for monitoring nitrogen status using a multi-spectral imaging system |
| CN1286898A (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2001-03-14 | 株式会社佐竹制作所 | Diagnostic method for nutrition condition of crops in plantation |
| CN1419650A (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2003-05-21 | 色视觉系统有限公司 | Spectral assessment of fruit |
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2004
- 2004-06-18 CN CN 200410048797 patent/CN1710406B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2174687Y (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1994-08-17 | 南京理工大学 | Portable device for monitoring crops growing |
| CN2241340Y (en) * | 1995-07-30 | 1996-11-27 | 谈良知 | Optical fiber bicolor liquid level meter |
| US5991025A (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 1999-11-23 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Near infrared spectrometer used in combination with an agricultural implement for real time grain and forage analysis |
| US6160902A (en) * | 1997-10-10 | 2000-12-12 | Case Corporation | Method for monitoring nitrogen status using a multi-spectral imaging system |
| CN1286898A (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2001-03-14 | 株式会社佐竹制作所 | Diagnostic method for nutrition condition of crops in plantation |
| CN1419650A (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2003-05-21 | 色视觉系统有限公司 | Spectral assessment of fruit |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 田永超，朱艳，曹卫星等.基于冠层反射光谱的稻麦生长状况及产量品质监测.2003中国作物学会学术年会论文集.2003,(2003),319-324. * |
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