CN102213616A - Space multi-spectral information acquiring device - Google Patents
Space multi-spectral information acquiring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102213616A CN102213616A CN 201110087948 CN201110087948A CN102213616A CN 102213616 A CN102213616 A CN 102213616A CN 201110087948 CN201110087948 CN 201110087948 CN 201110087948 A CN201110087948 A CN 201110087948A CN 102213616 A CN102213616 A CN 102213616A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space multi-spectral information acquiring device which comprises a central controller, a first acquisition circuit and a second acquisition circuit, wherein the first acquisition circuit and the second acquisition circuit are connected with the central controller; the first acquisition circuit comprises a first sensor drive module and a visible light sensor, the first sensor drive module is connected with the central controller and the visible light sensor is connected with the first sensor drive module, the visible light sensor is used for acquiring space spectrum information at red, green and blue wavebands; the second acquisition circuit comprises a second sensor drive module and a near infrared sensor, the second sensor drive module is connected with the central controller, the near infrared sensor is connected with the second sensor drive module, the near infrared sensor is used for acquiring space spectrum information of a near infrared waveband; and the central controller is used for controlling the first sensor drive module and the second sensor drive module to drive the visible light sensor and the near infrared sensor to simultaneously acquire the space spectrum information. The space multi-spectral information acquiring device in the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of convenience for realization, low cost and capability of being used for effectively acquiring growth information of crops in fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to acquisition technology, relate in particular to a kind of space multi-spectral information collecting device that is used for the information acquisition of crops field.
Background technology
" precision agriculture " is the important directions of the future of agriculture development, mainly comprises three aspects: the one, gather the growth information of field crops, and generate the crop growing state distribution plan; The 2nd, obtain the space and time difference information of field crop growth condition, for example field topography, landforms, soil types, fertility and soil moisture content etc., and in conjunction with the growing way distributed intelligences of field crops, by integrated crop growthing development analogy model, the crop management auxiliary decision-making support system that input, output analogy model and crop management expert knowledge library etc. are set up generates crop management, variable operation enforcement prescription map in decision maker's presence; The 3rd, implement prescription map according to crop management, variable operation and generate control command, the variable operation of agricultural machinery is adjusted and controlled, realize the meticulous farming management of field-crop.Wherein, field information is the primary link in the precision agriculture engineering practice, particularly the growth information of field crops obtain particularly importantly, it is the basis of carrying out precision agriculture.
At present, the information collecting device that is used to obtain field agricultural crops growth information mainly comprises two big classes: high spectral resolution information collecting device and high spatial resolution information collecting device and high spectral resolution information collecting device, wherein, the high spectral resolution information collecting device is to adopt high spectrum sensor to carry out the collection of information, measure the curve of spectrum though high spectrum sensor can be more complete, but each only point in energy measurement space, efficient is lower, is difficult to satisfy the needs of this a large amount of measurements of field crops growth information.The high spatial resolution information collecting device mainly comprises common consumer camera and is used for the instrument of taking photo by plane of satellite, this category information harvester can be realized bigger spatial resolution, but it only can respond the wave band of visible light part, and can't near-infrared band effectively be measured, make when field crops growth information is analyzed, reliability is relatively poor, and the result is inaccurate, and when adopting satellite to take, cost is higher, and information is obtained has bigger hysteresis quality; Deficiency for above two aspects, the MS3100/4100 series of products that U.S. GSI company is released provide a kind of solution, can once obtain any 3 in 4 wave bands such as red R, green G, blue B, near infrared NIR, though this product can obtain the information of NIR wave band, but the cost of the light-dividing device that this product adopted is very high, in the process of practical application and popularization, the difficulty that is difficult to predict will be arranged, and maximum information that once can only obtain 3 wave bands, limited the scope of application together; In addition, U.S. Tetracam company has developed a kind of MCA multispectral camera, and this spectrum camera is bulky, integrated level is low, and installing and using has inconvenience, and this multispectral camera interface is too single, dirigibility is relatively poor, and practicality is relatively poor, becomes the significant obstacle that it is promoted the use of.
To sum up, existing be used for the harvester of field crops growth information or can't gather the spectral information of near-infrared band, it is inaccurate to cause information to be obtained, the cost height, cost an arm and a leg, the information acquisition amount is big, and the information acquisition hysteresis quality is big, makes that the practicality of existing information harvester is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of space multi-spectral information collecting device, can effectively overcome the problem that prior art exists, reduce cost, improve the practicality of space multi-spectral information collecting device.
The invention provides a kind of space multi-spectral information collecting device, comprising: central controller, and first Acquisition Circuit that is connected with described central controller and second Acquisition Circuit, wherein:
Described first Acquisition Circuit comprises: the first sensor driver module that is connected with described central controller, and the visible light sensor that is connected with described first sensor driver module, described visible light sensor is used to gather the spatial spectral information of three wave bands of red, green, blue;
Described second Acquisition Circuit comprises: the second sensor drive module that is connected with described central controller, and the near infrared sensor that is connected with the described second sensor drive module, described near infrared sensor is used to gather the spatial spectral information of near-infrared band;
Described central controller is used to control the described first sensor driver module and the second sensor drive module, to drive described visible light sensor and near infrared sensor synchronous acquisition spatial spectral information.
In the above-mentioned space multi-spectral information collecting device, described visible light sensor is the visible light cmos sensor; And/or described near infrared sensor is the near infrared cmos sensor.
Above-mentioned space multi-spectral information collecting device also can comprise:
The tripper load module is connected between tripper and the central controller, and effective impulse signal of described central controller input is thought in the level shake when being used to eliminate tripper and pressing.
Above-mentioned space multi-spectral information collecting device also can comprise:
The SDRAM memory module is connected with described central controller, is used for a frame spatial spectral information acquisition process and carries out information temporary storage;
CF card memory module is connected with described central controller, is used for after a frame spatial spectral information acquisition finishes, and a frame spatial spectral information that will be temporarily stored in described SDRAM memory module under described central controller controls is preserved.
In the above-mentioned space multi-spectral information collecting device, it is the control core device that described central controller adopts FPGA.
Space multi-spectral information collecting device provided by the invention, by visible light sensor and near infrared sensor are set, and by these two sensors are carried out synchro control, can obtain the red, green, blue of the acquisition target of wanting and the spatial spectral information of four wave bands of near infrared at synchronization, can be used in the collection of field crops growth information, the space multi-spectral information collecting device is simple in structure, it is convenient to realize, cost is low, and Information Monitoring is convenient, can effectively improve the practicality of space multi-spectral information collecting device; Simultaneously, it is the control core device that central controller in the space multi-spectral information collecting device of the present invention adopts FPGA, except that can realizing the inner complicated and accurate logic control of harvester, can also solve the restriction of interface section for the outside provides more flexile control interface and image transmission interface for the popularization of multispectral camera; In addition, space multi-spectral information collecting device of the present invention is by adopting cmos sensor, can effectively improve the resolution of image, reduce the power consumption and the image fault of harvester, improve the accuracy and the reliability of information acquisition, but nutrition and the growth information of the information accurate response crops of gathering based on the present embodiment device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of space multi-spectral information collecting device embodiment of the present invention;
The principle schematic that Fig. 2 handles signal for tripper load module in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the circuit principle structure synoptic diagram of sensor drive module in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the invention one-piece construction synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of space multi-spectral information collecting device embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device comprises: central controller 1, first Acquisition Circuit 2 and second Acquisition Circuit 3, described first Acquisition Circuit 2 is connected with central controller 1 respectively with second Acquisition Circuit 3, wherein: first Acquisition Circuit 2 comprises first sensor driver module 21 and visible light sensor 22, first sensor driver module 21 is connected with central controller 1, visible light sensor 22 is connected with first sensor driver module 21, and this visible light sensor 22 can be used for gathering the spatial spectral information of three wave bands of red, green, blue; Second Acquisition Circuit 3 comprises the second sensor drive module 31 and near infrared sensor 32, the second sensor drive module 31 is connected with central controller 1, near infrared sensor 32 is connected with the second sensor drive module 31, and this near infrared sensor 32 can be used for gathering the spatial spectral information of near-infrared band; Central controller 1 is used to control the first sensor driver module 21 and the second sensor drive module 31, to drive visible light sensor 22 and near infrared sensor 32 synchronous acquisition spatial spectral information respectively.Present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device can be applicable in the collection of field crops growth information, when carrying out information acquisition, can at a time carry out the synchronous acquisition of information by central controller 1 control visible light sensor 22 and near infrared sensor 32 with the place, obtain the red, green, blue of crops and the spatial spectral information of four wave bands of near infrared, thereby the spatial spectral information that can utilize these four wave bands generates crops growing way distribution plan, thinks that the precision agriculture practice provides the basis.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned visible light sensor 22 and near infrared sensor 32 all can be cmos sensor, and particularly, visible light sensor 22 is the visible light cmos sensor, and near infrared sensor 32 is the near infrared cmos sensor.With respect to the existing information collecting device that generally adopts ccd sensor, adopt cmos sensor can have higher spatial resolution, lower power consumption and information distortion can effectively guarantee the accuracy of Information Monitoring to cut down the consumption of energy simultaneously.As can be seen, because cmos sensor has lower energy consumption, by adopting the COMS sensor to carry out the collection of spatial spectral information, flying power in the time of can effectively improving present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device and carry out information acquisition can effectively be applied in the long-time collection of field crops growth information; Simultaneously, because cmos sensor has higher spatial resolution and less information distortion, make that the spectral information of gathering is more accurate, can react nutrition and the growth information of field crops more really and accurately, can guarantee effective enforcement of precision agriculture technology.
In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned visible light cmos sensor and the spatial resolution of near infrared cmos sensor can be 1280*1024, the accuracy and the reliability of information when gathering with assurance field crop information.In the practical application, suitable spatial resolution can be set as required,, obtain crops growing way distribution plan accurately to satisfy the needs of actual acquisition and analysis.
The shutter of present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device adopts the input mode of button, so that the user can carry out the collection of image by pushing tripper, when the user presses tripper, the moment that tripper produces and the length of duration are indefinite at random, and have the level jitter phenomenon that causes because of the bounce-back of switch reed.For this reason, present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device also is provided with the tripper load module, so that the signal that produces when tripper is pressed is handled, particularly, as shown in Figure 1, present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device also can include tripper load module 4, be connected with central controller 1 with the tripper 5 on being arranged on harvester, level shake when being used to eliminate tripper 5 and pressing, think effective pulse signal of central controller 1 input, thereby in the time of can guaranteeing effectively that tripper 5 is pressed, central controller 1 can be controlled each working sensor according to this effective pulse signal.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned tripper load module 4 specifically can be the twitter circuit that disappears synchronously, can capture the input pulse of tripper when pressing to guarantee harvester, and guarantee pressing of tripper each time, only forms an effective pulse.
The principle schematic that Fig. 2 handles signal for tripper load module in the embodiment of the invention.In the stopwatch system, requirement obtains the key pulse that width is the cycle of an external timing signal clk, therefore, the principle of work of above-mentioned tripper load module 4 is: whenever click tripper, tripper load module 4 will be exported an effective shutter pulse.Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, wherein shutter is the shutter signal of input tripper load module, and shuttter0 is the output signal after handling through the tripper load module, and this output signal shutter0 exports central controller to; The state control signal shutter_temp1 latch signal that to be shutter signal shutter latch at the negative edge of clock signal clk1, the state control signal shutter_temp2 latch signal that to be state control signal shutter_temp1 latch at the negative edge of clock signal clk1, state control signal shutter_temp3 is the inversion signal of state control signal shutter_temp2, and reset pulse is exactly the logical and of clock signal clk1, state control signal shutter_temp1 and state control signal shutter_temp3.The signal that produces when tripper is pressed is handled, can effectively guarantee to be input to the accuracy of the control signal of central controller, thereby under this control signal effect, but the spatial spectral information of three wave bands of red, green, blue and the spatial spectral information of near-infrared band are gathered in central controller synchro control visible light sensor and near infrared sensor work respectively.
In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned first sensor driver module 21 and the second sensor drive module 31 can be the identical functions module, specifically can form by kernel control module and waveform generation module, to be used to produce the necessary waveform of cmos sensor work, and read the spectral information that the COMS sensor is gathered, and these spectral informations are transferred to central control module.During cmos sensor work, need add clock signal, add clock signal after, cmos sensor can produce a pixel clock synchronous with outside input clock signal, this pixel clock is used for the output of synchronous Pixel Information, and each clock period has a Pixel Information output.Wherein, the mode of output is line by line adopted in the output of pixel, after each row pixel output finishes, can produce a low level line synchronizing signal, and after a frame signal end of output, can produce a low level frame synchronizing signal, the sensor drive module then needs to catch the signal of these several keys, and reads the Pixel Information that comes from cmos sensor, and is sent to central controller.
Fig. 3 is the circuit principle structure synoptic diagram of sensor drive module in the embodiment of the invention.Sensor drive module in the present embodiment specifically can adopt Hardware Description Language VHDL to realize, its concrete structure can be referring to shown in Figure 3.In the present embodiment, cmos sensor has 10 bit digital output signals, and these 10 pixel datas are read in by the sensor drive module, and after internal logic circuit is handled, and is converted into 8 picture element signal output, so that the reading of central controller; The pixel clock pulse signal of cmos sensor connects the output signal of cmos sensor, Pixel Information of each effective pixel clock output; Row useful signal and frame useful signal are connected respectively to the effective and effective output signal of frame of row of cmos sensor; Waiting signal is issued to cmos sensor by the sensor drive module, if this signal is a high level, then cmos sensor enters standby mode, and in this pattern, the simulation biasing circuit is disabled, and cmos sensor is a low power consumpting state; The shutter signal load module connects the exterior mechanical button, and internal logic circuit is pressed significant level length with the shaping of shutter input pulse, by the shutter signal output module waveform is exported again, if this signal is a high level, then sensor enters single bat pattern; Reset signal is the effective asynchronous reset signal of low level, if cmos sensor resets, then chip enters initialized state, and at this moment, all registers are got back to default value.In the practical application, can adopt the right sensors driver module,, guarantee the accuracy of the signal gathered with effective driving cmos sensor work according to dissimilar cmos sensor.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device also can include SDRAM memory module 6 and CF card memory module 7, wherein, SDRAM memory module 6 is connected with central controller 1, is used for a frame space multi-spectral information acquisition process and carries out information temporary storage; CF card memory module 7 is connected with central controller 1, is used for after a frame space multi-spectral information acquisition finishes, and a frame space multi-spectral that will be temporarily stored in SDRAM memory module 6 under central controller 1 control is preserved.In the present embodiment, be respectively arranged with SDRAM memory module and CF card memory module corresponding to each sensor, like this, visible light sensor is with near infrared sensor can be stored in different CF cards respectively.
In the present embodiment, CF card memory module is mainly used in the data storage of control CF card, in the CF card, sets up the FAT file system, and with the BMP bitmap format image information is stored.Particularly, this CF card memory module circuit can comprise the power supply to the power supply of CF card, and the interface that is connected with central controller.Central controller is read image information from the SDRAM memory module, and in the CF card, with the stored in file format space multi-spectral information of BMP.The advantage of this kind information storage means is, the fileinfo of preserving can directly be read out under Windows operating system, and because the BMP file layout is a lossless format, space multi-spectral information can reflect the figure and the color character of made thing body the most truly.
In the present embodiment, central controller is the parts of control space multi-spectral information collecting device overall workflow, and it has connected sensor drive module, DSRAM memory module, CF memory module and tripper load module.When carrying out the spatial spectral information acquisition, the spectral information that the sensor drive module can collect cmos sensor sends central controller to 8 binary forms, by central controller with the spatial spectral information temporary storage to SDRAM memory module at a high speed; After having read a complete frame spatial spectral information, again by central controller with these information stores to the CF card so that the field crops growth information is further processed and analyzes, obtain field crops growing way distribution plan.
Fig. 4 is an embodiment of the invention one-piece construction synoptic diagram.As shown in Figure 4, visible light sensor and near infrared sensor can be installed in respectively on two camera lenses, and the rear end of each camera lens is separately installed with optical filter, so that each sensor can be gathered the spatial spectral information of different-waveband; The first sensor driver module and the second sensor drive module all are integrated in the central controller, can be the control core device by adopting FPGA specifically, and this central controller also is connected with interface module, so that be connected with extraneous miscellaneous equipment; What be connected with central controller has two CF card memory modules, be respectively applied for the spatial spectral information of two sensor acquisition of storage, and the information of synchronization collection is corresponding, thereby can read the information of CF card stored by card reader, and can handle the information of mutual correspondence, obtain the growth information of field crops, and then obtained the growing way distribution plan of crops.
Present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device can have identical with general camera or similarly control button, and can adopt dry cell to power, its operation is identical with common camera operation mode, will operation steps that utilize the multispectral information collecting device of present embodiment be described below:
The first step is installed on battery interface with two joint 9V dry cells, opens [power switch] button.Space multi-spectral information collecting device self initialization, after the about second, [ready light] lights, and device powers on and finishes, and can take pictures.
Second step, treat that [ready light] lights after, press [shootings] button, i.e. [shutter] button, two sensors of space multi-spectral information collecting device are worked simultaneously, photographic images carries out the collection of spectral information, information acquisition finishes afterwards that [ready light] extinguishes.And to CF stick into line data write fashionable, [CF card relay indicating light] begin the flicker, after finishing storing process, [CF card relay indicating light] stop the flicker, [ready light] of space multi-spectral information collecting device lights once more, the primary information collection is finished.
So, can carry out image taking repeatedly, gather the growth information of required field crops,, analyze and obtain field crops growing way distribution plan so that utilize the space multi-spectral information that collects.
When the storage of CF card had been expired, [CF card space deficiency] pilot lamp lighted, prompting customer inspection CF card; When the user forgot insertion CF card, [CF card space deficiency] pilot lamp lighted, prompting customer inspection CF card; When shooting is all over, close [power switch] of multispectral camera, machine switched off can take off the CF card, is further analyzed work.
To sum up, present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device is by being provided with visible light sensor and near infrared sensor, and by these two sensors are carried out synchro control, can obtain the red, green, blue of the acquisition target of wanting and the spatial spectral information of four wave bands of near infrared at synchronization, can be used in the collection of field crops growth information, the space multi-spectral information collecting device is simple in structure, it is convenient to realize, cost is low, and Information Monitoring is convenient, can effectively improve the practicality of space multi-spectral information collecting device; Simultaneously, it is the control core device that central controller in the present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device adopts FPGA, except that can realizing the inner complicated and accurate logic control of harvester, can also solve the restriction of interface section for the outside provides more flexile control interface and image transmission interface for the popularization of multispectral camera; In addition, present embodiment space multi-spectral information collecting device is by adopting cmos sensor, can effectively improve the resolution of image, reduce the power consumption and the image fault of harvester, improve the accuracy and the reliability of information acquisition, but nutrition and the growth information of the information accurate response crops of gathering based on the present embodiment device.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a space multi-spectral information collecting device is characterized in that, comprising: central controller, and first Acquisition Circuit that is connected with described central controller and second Acquisition Circuit, wherein:
Described first Acquisition Circuit comprises: the first sensor driver module that is connected with described central controller, and the visible light sensor that is connected with described first sensor driver module, described visible light sensor is used to gather the spatial spectral information of three wave bands of red, green, blue;
Described second Acquisition Circuit comprises: the second sensor drive module that is connected with described central controller, and the near infrared sensor that is connected with the described second sensor drive module, described near infrared sensor is used to gather the spatial spectral information of near-infrared band;
Described central controller is used to control the described first sensor driver module and the second sensor drive module, to drive described visible light sensor and near infrared sensor synchronous acquisition spatial spectral information.
2. space multi-spectral information collecting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described visible light sensor is the visible light cmos sensor; And/or described near infrared sensor is the near infrared cmos sensor.
3. space multi-spectral information collecting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The tripper load module is connected between tripper and the central controller, and effective impulse signal of described central controller input is thought in the level shake when being used to eliminate tripper and pressing.
4. space multi-spectral information collecting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
The SDRAM memory module is connected with described central controller, is used for a frame spatial spectral information acquisition process and carries out information temporary storage;
CF card memory module is connected with described central controller, is used for after a frame spatial spectral information acquisition finishes, and a frame spatial spectral information that will be temporarily stored in described SDRAM memory module under described central controller controls is preserved.
5. space multi-spectral information collecting device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is the control core device that described central controller adopts FPGA.
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| CN105208249A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-30 | 华南农业大学 | Multi-spectral image wireless sensor node and control method thereof |
| CN106500842A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-15 | 北京华夏视科图像技术有限公司 | Multispectral camera and multispectral acquisition system |
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Application publication date: 20111012 |