CN2627503Y - Soil conductivity real-time detector - Google Patents
Soil conductivity real-time detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN2627503Y CN2627503Y CN 03262309 CN03262309U CN2627503Y CN 2627503 Y CN2627503 Y CN 2627503Y CN 03262309 CN03262309 CN 03262309 CN 03262309 U CN03262309 U CN 03262309U CN 2627503 Y CN2627503 Y CN 2627503Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a real-time detector for soil conductivity measurement, which comprises a main control unit and a sensor. The sensor comprises an insulating bar and four probes, wherein the insulating bar has a plurality of holes which are distributed uniformly and symmetrically to the central point the half of the insulating bar, the probes are positioned in the holes symmetrically to the central point the half of the insulating bar, the two inside probes are connected with the input of a sampling circuit in the main control unit, and the two outside probes are connected with a power supply of the sensor. The utility model adopts the characteristic sensor design, so that the utility model is suitable for both the field measurement and facility agriculture such as greenhouse culture, and can be used for the soil conductivity measurement in both soil preparation period and crop growth period. The structural parameters recommended by the utility model may obtain highly precise measurements .
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of detecting instrument, particularly relates to a kind of soil conductivity real-time detector that is used for.
Background technology
The result of study of pedology shows that soil conductivity has comprised the abundant information of soil nutrient and physicochemical property.For example, soil conductivity can reflect salinity, moisture, the content of organic matter in the soil to some extent, the isoparametric size of soil texture structure and porosity.Effectively obtain the conductivity value of soil, be of great importance, thereby also lay the first stone for penetration and promotion based on the modern precision agriculture of information and knowledge for the difference of determining various fields parameter spatial and temporal distributions.
The measurement of soil conductivity is broadly divided into laboratory measurement and in-site measurement 2 big classes, laboratory measurement at first will prepare soil extraction, utilize the conductivity of electrode method measured soil leaching liquor then, utilize the variation of the measured value sign soil conductivity of soil extraction.This traditional laboratory method has higher precision as standard method of measurement, but measuring process is loaded down with trivial details, and expends the long period, and real-time is poor, can not satisfy modern precision agriculture requirement and finish Testing requirement in enormous quantities at short notice.
In-site measurement then mainly is that the method in the geophysical survey has been incorporated in the agricultural land soil measurement, mainly contains two kinds of basic mentalities of designing: contact and contactless.Contact soil conductivity sensor is a kind of electrode sensor; Contactless soil conductivity sensor has then utilized electromagnetic induction phenomenon to detect soil conductivity.But contact type measurement does not need sampling when measuring, and substantially without the disturbance soil body, and can manage to realize real-time measurement with growing period before plant growth, is well suited for the requirement of modern precision agriculture about agricultural land soil information is obtained.
In the prior art, the soil conductivity measuring equipment of existing vehicular, but only being suitable for the bulk field uses, can not play a role for the distinctive irregular haggard of China, and it can only be measured before crop-planting, can't descend ground at the crop growth period unit, also have it can't be applied in the industrialized agricultures such as greenhouse, hot house.
The utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to propose a kind of soil conductivity real-time detector, requires the use that is easy to carry of this detector, is not subjected to the restriction in plant growth stage, is adapted at using in haggard, greenhouse, the hot house.
A kind of soil conductivity real-time detector that the utility model proposes comprises main control unit, sensor; Described sensor comprises an insulation rod and four probes, insulation rod is that the center is arranged with several equally distributed holes with 1/2nd places, probe is that the center symmetry is installed in the hole of insulation rod with 1/2nd places of insulation rod, middle two probes are connected to the sample circuit input end in the main control unit, and the probe in two outsides connects probe power.
Above-mentioned soil conductivity real-time detector, the distance L 1 between two probes in described centre is 150-300mm; Distance L 2 between two probes in two outsides is 450-650mm.
Above-mentioned soil conductivity real-time detector, the distance L on the described insulation rod between adjacent two holes is 50mm.
Above-mentioned soil conductivity real-time detector, the sample circuit of described main control unit comprise 12 bits serial A/D converter MAX187 as the input signal change-over circuit, and the digital signal output after its conversion is directly delivered to main control chip AT89C2051 and handled.
Above-mentioned soil conductivity real-time detector also comprises the conversion chip MAX232 of a Transistor-Transistor Logic level and EIA level, and the 8th pin of this chip is as the input interface of spatial orientation information; The 7th pin of this chip is the output interface that is used to connect External memory equipment.
Above-mentioned soil conductivity real-time detector comprises that also can show a measurement result LCD MODULE LCM045 in real time, and 1,3,4 pin are received 17,18,19 pin of main control chip AT89C2051 respectively.
Above-mentioned soil conductivity real-time detector, button C (collection key) and button D (storage key) constitute the 7th pin and the 8th pin that rest-set flip-flop is connected on AT89C2051 by Sheffer stroke gate respectively.
Above-mentioned soil conductivity real-time detector, power pack by the 12V rechargeable battery of 2 series connection as power supply, constitute sensor feed circuit and chip power supply circuit respectively by 2 LM317 chips, the steady current that satisfies measurement requirement to be provided and to provide 5V power supply to the sensor input end respectively to main control board.
The utility model adopts characteristic sensor construction design, makes the utility model both be suitable for the land for growing field crops and measures, and can be applicable to again both be applicable to the farmland of whole ground phase in the industrialized agriculture such as greenhouse production, can satisfy the soil conductivity of crop growth period again and measure.The structural parameters that the utility model is recommended can obtain high-precision measurement result.On main control unit, both designed communication interface with host computer (palm PC, laptop computer etc.), be equipped with liquid crystal display again, thereby can under the situation that is equipped with palm PC, realize automatic recording storage, can under the situation that is not equipped with computer, satisfy the manually demand of record again.The utility model also is provided with the GPS interface, can realize that the soil conductivity field is detected in real time and the system integration of measurement point spatial orientation information real time record.Whole detector weight can be controlled within 5 kilograms, is convenient for measuring, and only needs 1 operator, just should be able to realize whole measurements and writing function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model soil conductivity real-time detector synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the utility model soil conductivity real-time detector structure connection diagram;
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of the utility model soil conductivity real-time detector main control unit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the basic structure of the utility model soil conductivity real-time detector comprises main control unit, is used for showing the display unit of main control unit export structure, is used for gathering the sensor of soil conductivity information, also comprise the memory device that is used for storing main control unit output information, described memory device can be notebook computer or palm PC etc., or flash memory device, in order to note the position of tested soil, also comprise an interface that is used for receiving GPS space orientation signal on the main control unit.
Fig. 2 is the utility model soil conductivity real-time detector structural representation, wherein, sensor pack contains 4 probes and 1 insulation rod that has several equally distributed holes, the layout in hole is that half length with insulation rod is the center, be symmetrically distributed, provided insulation rod among Fig. 2 with 12 holes, 2 probes in its outside are connected the power end of main control unit, to the earth input steady current, 2 middle probes are connected the sample circuit of main control unit, to gather the voltage drop signal that characterizes soil conductivity.
In the example of Fig. 2, distance between 2 middle probes is made as L1, distance between 2 probes in its outside is made as L2, spacing with L on the insulation rod has 12 probe stationary holes, the user can freely set L1 and L2 at (150-300mm) with (450-650mm) in the scope according to farmland situation and test condition.
In the utility model, sensor like this design is suitable for the measurement of various farmlands state (comprising facility cultivation), even grown when higher when crops, also can be conveniently at the ridge measurements, and to monitor the variation of soil conductivity during the plant growth.
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of main control unit in the utility model.
The effect of main control unit is data acquisition and control and treatment, and the utility model has selected for use the AT89C2051 chip as main control chip.AT89C2051 is the small-sized single-chip microcomputer with 8051 kernels, adopt 20 pin DI P encapsulation modes, except power supply (Vcc), reset (RST), these 5 pins of (GND) and external crystal oscillator (XTAL1, XTAL2), also can provide 15 I/O confession users to use.The utility model has used 10 I/O mouths wherein altogether, and concrete operating position is as follows:
P1.0: meet the serial clock input CLCK of A/D converter, when single-chip microcomputer reads the A/D converter data with serial mode, provide shift clock to A/D converter.
P1.1: meet the CS of A/D converter, as the enabling signal line of A/D converter.
P1.2: the serial data output DOUT that connects A/D converter.
P1.5: the chip selection signal end CS that meets serial LCD MODULE LCM045.
P1.6: meet the WR of LCM045, be used for transmitting shift clock to LCM045.
P1.7: meet the DATA of LCM045, be used for transmitting data to LCM045.
P3.0: the serial input terminal (RXD) as single-chip microcomputer is used to receive the position data that comes from GPS.
P3.1:, be used for carrying data to host computer (notebook computer, palm PC etc.) as the serial output terminal (TXD) of single-chip microcomputer.
P3.2: the external interrupt 0 (INT0) as single-chip microcomputer, connect the collection button, following jumping is along triggering, promptly when detect by high level transfer to low level jump down along the time, log-on data collecting device and corresponding program.
P3.3: the external interrupt 1 (INT1) as single-chip microcomputer, connect the storage button, following jumping is along triggering, promptly when detect by high level transfer to low level jump down along the time, start memory device and transmit the program of data to host computer.
Power pack by the 12V rechargeable battery of 2 series connection as power supply, constitute " sensor feed circuit " and " chip power supply circuit " respectively by 2 LM317 chips, the steady current (5～100mA is adjustable) that satisfies measurement requirement to be provided and to provide 5V power supply to the sensor input end respectively to main control board.
By sensor to the analog input port of voltage drop signal by main control unit, given 12 bits serial A/D converter MAX187, its resolution is 1mV, is converted to digital signal in real time, so that transmission, store and calculate.The minimum change of this voltage drop has enough precision and comes the trickle soil conductivity of change detected in the millivolt level; Serial communication mode can be saved the system resource of single-chip microcomputer; MAX187 also has sampling and keeps function, to guarantee that sampled signal is not lost before A/D converts, need not to design sampling holder in the circuit, can simplify circuit design.
The utility model disposes LCD MODULE LCM045, can show measurement result in real time.When the user does not have to be equipped with the external equipment (palm PC, laptop computer etc.) of storage automatically and demonstration, can directly read the soil conductivity value of LCD, manually write down measurement result then.
In order to realize disclosing the purpose of the soil conductivity field space parallax opposite sex, require the test macro can record position information, the utility model also is provided with the GPS interface, if necessary, can receive the NEMA-0183 formatted data of backpack or hand-held GPS, also can utilize the OEM plate of GPS, form multifunctional test system jointly, realize that the soil conductivity field is detected in real time and the system integration of measurement point spatial orientation information real time record with main control unit of the present utility model.
The utility model also is provided with the interface with host computer (as palm PC, laptop computer etc.), but soil conductivity measurement data and GPS space orientation data real-time storage (recommend to use palm PC at host computer, to realize single measurement) in, storage format can adopt common software processing such as MS-EXCEL easily, application software based on Windows CE also has been installed in palm PC, has had the function that agricultural land soil conductivity space distribution information was measured and shown in real time to the guiding in real time soil conductivity.
Detector described in the utility model is provided with five buttons (the button A～button E among Fig. 3), and they are respectively power switch key, sensing switch key, collection key, storage key and reset key.The break-make of power switch key (button A) control detection instrument general supply; sensing switch key (button B) is used for the steady current of break-make flow direction sensor; can stop to power in the gap of measuring to sensor; to lengthen working hours, reset key (button E) can make main control unit reset when accident is shut down or restart.
Button C and button D gather key and storage key, when pressing these two keys respectively, they provide the step signal that is become low transition by high level to the P3.2 of single-chip processor i/o mouth pin (external interrupt 0:INT0) and P 3.3 pin (external interrupt 1:INT1) respectively, INT0 and INT1 all are set as down and jump along triggering, when single-chip microcomputer INT0 (or INT1) end detect jump down along the time, with log-on data collecting device and corresponding program (or start memory device and transmit the program of data to host computer).
When pressing function key with hand, produce shake sometimes, produce the pulse train signal, single-chip microcomputer can be consecutively detected down jumps the edge, carries out to program and brings confusion.Therefore, be to avoid the influence of hand shake to system's operation, the R-S trigger that the utility model has all been connected and has been made of Sheffer stroke gate between button C and button D and corresponding single-chip microcomputer pin, its principle of work is: at ordinary times, 1 end ground connection, 5 termination high level; When pressing, 5 end ground connection, 1 termination high level.So 1 end becomes 1 by 0 when pressing, output terminal 3 ends become 0 by 1 so, the edge occurs jumping down; Button can be upspring automatically after loosing one's grip, 1 end ground connection, and 5 termination high level, output terminal 3 ends recover high level.Shake the back in case function key is pressed, promptly 5 ends are between high-low level during frequent transitions, the state that 1,5 ends are high level will appear, the output of R-S trigger will keep original state constant this moment, low level is kept in the output of 3 ends just all the time, thereby has eliminated the influence of function key shake to system's operation.
P3.0 and P3.1 are respectively applied for reception and come from the position data of GPS and carry data to host computer (notebook computer, palm PC etc.) respectively as the serial input terminal (RXD) and the serial output terminal (TXD) of single-chip microcomputer.The operation level of single-chip microcomputer is a Transistor-Transistor Logic level, and its scope is 0～5V, and host computer, the serial line interface of GPS etc. is the RS-232C standard interface, operation level is the EIA level, promptly logical one be-15～-3V (usually with-12V), logical zero be+3～+ 15V (usefulness+12V) usually.For guaranteeing the correct transmission of data, the coupling of input/output signal level between RS-232C standard interface and the single-chip processor i/o mouth under the realization RS-232C mode, the utility model between has been installed level transferring chip (MAX232), to realize the mutual conversion between Transistor-Transistor Logic level and the EI A level.As shown in Figure 3, the signal that comes from GPS is connected on the pin 8 (R2in) of MAX232, sends single-chip microcomputer to by pin 9 (R2out) again after level conversion; The signal that sends host computer to by single-chip microcomputer has been connected on the pin one 0 (T2in) of MAX232, sends host computer to by pin 7 (T2out) again after level conversion.
It is as follows to sum up principle of work of the present utility model:
1, after the start, part of data acquisition enters waiting status (waiting for the appearance of external interrupt).At this moment, also do not begin data acquisition, program mask external interrupt INT1, promptly storage key is invalid.When not pressing the collection key, output terminal 3 ends of R-S trigger are high level.
2, press the collection key, 1 end of R-S trigger becomes 1 by 0, and output terminal 3 becomes 0 by 1, produces down and jumps the edge, causes external interrupt INT0.Following jumping is along producing, so need not pin the collection key always, clicking looses one's grip gets final product, and button is upspring automatically, and output becomes 1 by 0.
3, CPU response is interrupted, and starts the A/D conversion, begin to carry out once gather, the operation of processing and video data.Be finished, program activates external interrupt INT1, shows and can carry out storage operation.
4, if need to carry out storage operation, press storage key, cause external interrupt INT1, carry out the operation of storage, be finished program mask external interrupt INT1.
If do not carry out storage operation.Can proceed acquisition operations.
It is same priority that INT0 and INT1 are set in the program, means that collection and storage operation can not interrupt mutually.
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the unrestricted the technical solution of the utility model in order to explanation only, although the utility model is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the utility model, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of spirit and scope of the present utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of soil conductivity real-time detector comprises main control unit, sensor; It is characterized in that, described sensor comprises an insulation rod and four probes, insulation rod is that the center is arranged with several equally distributed holes with 1/2nd places, probe is that the center symmetry is installed in the hole of insulation rod with 1/2nd places of insulation rod, middle two probes are connected to the sample circuit input end in the main control unit, and the probe in two outsides connects probe power.
2, soil conductivity real-time detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the distance L 1 between two probes in described centre is 150-300mm; Distance L 2 between two probes in two outsides is 450-650mm.
3, soil conductivity real-time detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the distance L on the described insulation rod between adjacent two holes is 50mm.
4, soil conductivity real-time detector according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the sample circuit of described main control unit is as the input signal change-over circuit, comprise 12 bits serial A/D converter MAX187, the digital signal output after its conversion is directly delivered to main control chip AT89C2051 and is handled.
5, soil conductivity real-time detector according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, also comprises the conversion chip MAX232 of the mutual conversion of a Transistor-Transistor Logic level and EIA level, and the 8th pin of this chip is as the input interface of spatial orientation information; The 7th pin of this chip is the output interface that is used to connect External memory equipment, sends main control unit to by pin 9 (R2out) again after level conversion.
6, soil conductivity real-time detector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, comprises that also can show a measurement result LCD MODULE LCM045 in real time, and 1,3,4 pin are received 17,18,19 pin of main control chip AT89C2051 respectively.
7, soil conductivity real-time detector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, gathers key and storage key and constitutes the 7th pin and the 8th pin that rest-set flip-flop is connected on AT89C2051 by Sheffer stroke gate respectively.
8, soil conductivity real-time detector according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the signal that sends host computer to by main control unit is connected on the pin one 0 (T2in) of described conversion chip MAX232, sends host computer to by pin 7 (T2out) again after level conversion.
9, soil conductivity real-time detector according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, power pack by the 12V rechargeable battery of 2 series connection as power supply, constitute sensor feed circuit and chip power supply circuit respectively by 2 LM317 chips, the steady current that satisfies measurement requirement to be provided and to provide 5V power supply to the sensor input end respectively to main control board.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03262309 CN2627503Y (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Soil conductivity real-time detector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03262309 CN2627503Y (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Soil conductivity real-time detector |
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| CN2627503Y true CN2627503Y (en) | 2004-07-21 |
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| CN 03262309 Expired - Fee Related CN2627503Y (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Soil conductivity real-time detector |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100405048C (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2008-07-23 | 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 | Automatic determination device of soil moisture solute moving parameter |
| CN100419439C (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2008-09-17 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-purpose vehicle mounted soil specific conductivity real-time tester |
| CN100510727C (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-07-08 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for measuring clay dispersion average binding free energy and adsorption free energy to cation |
| CN101144788B (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2010-05-26 | 中国农业大学 | Device for measuring salt concentration of saturated soil solution |
| CN101871972A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-10-27 | 浙江大学 | Method and device for measuring conductivity of soil profile |
| CN102213616A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-10-12 | 中国农业大学 | Space multi-spectral information acquiring device |
| CN101609058B (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2012-11-14 | 中国农业大学 | Measuring device of soil conductivity and method |
| CN112327059A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2021-02-05 | 浙江大学 | Non-contact soil conductivity measurement system based on electromagnetic eddy current method |
-
2003
- 2003-06-06 CN CN 03262309 patent/CN2627503Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100419439C (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2008-09-17 | 中国农业大学 | Multi-purpose vehicle mounted soil specific conductivity real-time tester |
| CN100405048C (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2008-07-23 | 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 | Automatic determination device of soil moisture solute moving parameter |
| CN100510727C (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-07-08 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for measuring clay dispersion average binding free energy and adsorption free energy to cation |
| CN101144788B (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2010-05-26 | 中国农业大学 | Device for measuring salt concentration of saturated soil solution |
| CN101609058B (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2012-11-14 | 中国农业大学 | Measuring device of soil conductivity and method |
| CN101871972A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-10-27 | 浙江大学 | Method and device for measuring conductivity of soil profile |
| CN102213616A (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2011-10-12 | 中国农业大学 | Space multi-spectral information acquiring device |
| CN112327059A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2021-02-05 | 浙江大学 | Non-contact soil conductivity measurement system based on electromagnetic eddy current method |
| CN112327059B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2021-11-16 | 浙江大学 | Non-contact soil conductivity measurement system based on electromagnetic eddy current method |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |