CN105510239A - Soil multispectral information collecting device - Google Patents
Soil multispectral information collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105510239A CN105510239A CN201410527183.2A CN201410527183A CN105510239A CN 105510239 A CN105510239 A CN 105510239A CN 201410527183 A CN201410527183 A CN 201410527183A CN 105510239 A CN105510239 A CN 105510239A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil multispectral information collecting device. The device comprises a central controller, a first collecting circuit, and a second collecting circuit, wherein the first collecting circuit and the second collecting circuit are connected to the central controller. The first collecting circuit comprises a first sensor driving module, which is connected to the central controller, and a visible light sensor that is connected to the first sensor driving module and is used to collect the soil spectral information in the red, green, and blue wavebands. The second collecting circuit comprises a second sensor driving module, which is connected to the central controller, and a near infrared sensor, which is connected to the second sensor driving module and is used to collect the space spectral information of the near infrared waveband. The central controller is used to control the first sensor driving module and the second sensor driving module to drive the visible light sensor and near infrared sensor to collect the space spectral information at the same time. The provided soil multispectral information collection device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacturing, and low cost, and can be used to collect soil multispectral information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to acquisition technology, particularly relate to a kind of multispectral information collecting device for soil.
Background technology
" precision agriculture " is the important directions of the future of agriculture development, mainly comprises three aspects: one is the growth information gathering field crops, generates crop growing state distribution plan; Two is the space and time difference information obtaining field crops growth conditions, such as field topography, landforms, soil types, fertility and soil moisture content etc., and in conjunction with the growing way distributed intelligence of field crops, by integrated crop growthing development analogy model, the crop management auxiliary decision-making support system that input, output analogy model and crop management expert knowledge library etc. are set up, generates crop management, variable operation implements prescription map in the presence of decision maker; Three is implement prescription map generate control command according to crop management, variable operation, carries out adjusting and controls, realize the management of field-crop precision farming to the variable operation of agricultural machinery.Wherein, soil information is the primary link in Precision Agriculture Technology practice, and particularly the acquisition of soil fertility information is particularly important, and it is the basis of carrying out precision agriculture.
At present, information collecting device for obtaining the multispectral information of soil mainly comprises two large classes: high spectral resolution information collecting device and high spatial resolution information collecting device and high spectral resolution information collecting device, wherein, high spectral resolution information collecting device is the collection adopting EO-1 hyperion sensor to carry out information, although EO-1 hyperion sensor more completely can measure the curve of spectrum, but only can measure a point of soil at every turn, efficiency is lower, is difficult to the needs meeting this large amount of measurement of the multispectral information of soil.High spatial resolution information collecting device mainly comprises common consumer camera and the instrument of taking photo by plane for satellite, this kind of information collecting device can realize larger resolution, but it only can respond the wave band of visible light part, and effectively cannot measure near-infrared band, make when the multispectral information analysis of soil, reliability is poor, and result is inaccurate, and when adopting satellite shooting, cost is higher, and acquisition of information has larger hysteresis quality; For the deficiency of above two aspects, the MS3100/4100 series of products that GSI company of the U.S. releases provide a kind of solution, once can obtain any 3 in 4 wave bands such as red R, green G, blue B, near infrared NIR, although this product can obtain the information of NIR wave band, but the cost of the light-dividing device that this product adopts is very high, in the process of practical application and popularization, the difficulty being difficult to predict will be had, and once can only obtain at most the information of 3 wave bands, limit the scope of application together; In addition, Tetracam company of the U.S. have developed a kind of MCA multispectral camera, and this spectrum camera is bulky, integrated level is low, and installing and using has inconvenience, and this multispectral camera interface is too single, dirigibility is poor, and practicality is poor, becomes the significant obstacle that it is promoted the use of.
To sum up, existing for the multispectral information collecting device of soil or cannot gather the spectral information of near-infrared band, cause acquisition of information inaccurate, cost is high, expensive, and information acquisition amount is large, information acquisition hysteresis quality is large, makes the practicality of existing information harvester poor.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the multispectral information collecting device of a kind of soil, can effectively overcome prior art Problems existing, reduce costs, improve the practicality of the multispectral information collecting device of soil.
The invention provides the multispectral information collecting device of a kind of soil, comprising: central controller, and the first Acquisition Circuit be connected with described central controller and the second Acquisition Circuit, wherein:
Described first Acquisition Circuit comprises: the first sensor driver module be connected with described central controller, and the visible light sensor to be connected with described first sensor driver module, described visible light sensor is for gathering the soil spectrum information of red, green, blue three wave bands;
Described second Acquisition Circuit comprises: the second sensor driver module be connected with described central controller, and the near infrared sensor to be connected with described second sensor driver module, described near infrared sensor is for gathering the soil spectrum information of near-infrared band;
Described central controller for controlling described first sensor driver module and the second sensor driver module, to drive described visible light sensor and near infrared sensor synchronous acquisition soil spectrum information.
In the multispectral information collecting device of above-mentioned soil, described visible light sensor is visible ray cmos sensor; And/or described near infrared sensor is near infrared cmos sensor.
The multispectral information collecting device of above-mentioned soil also can comprise:
Tripper load module, is connected between tripper and central controller, for eliminating level shake when tripper is pressed, thinks that described central controller inputs an effective impulse signal.
The multispectral information collecting device of above-mentioned soil also can comprise:
SDRAM memory module, is connected with described central controller, for carrying out information temporary storage in a frame soil spectrum information acquisition process;
CF card memory module, is connected with described central controller, for after a frame soil spectrum information acquisition, the frame soil spectrum information being temporarily stored in described SDRAM memory module is saved under described central controller controls.
In the multispectral information collecting device of above-mentioned soil, described central controller adopts FPGA to be the controller of core.
The multispectral information collecting device of soil provided by the invention, by arranging visible light sensor and near infrared sensor, and by carrying out synchro control to these two sensors, can obtain at synchronization and will gather the red, green, blue of soil and the soil spectrum information of near infrared four wave bands, can be used in the collection of the multispectral information of soil, soil multispectral information collecting device structure is simple, it is convenient to realize, cost is low, and Information Monitoring is convenient, effectively can improve the practicality of harvester; Simultaneously, central controller in the multispectral information collecting device of soil of the present invention adopts FPGA to be the controller of core, except can realizing the inner complicated and accurate logic control of harvester, more flexile control interface and image transmitting interface can also be provided for outside, solve the restriction of interface section for the popularization of multispectral camera; In addition, the multispectral information collecting device of soil of the present invention is by adopting cmos sensor, effectively can improve the resolution of image, reduce power consumption and the image fault of harvester, improve the accuracy of information acquisition and reliability, the soil information gathered based on the present embodiment device can the content of accurate response soil with organic matter and moisture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the multispectral information collecting device embodiment of soil of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic that in the embodiment of the present invention, tripper load module processes signal;
Fig. 3 is the circuit principle structure schematic diagram of sensor driver module in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention one-piece construction schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the multispectral information collecting device embodiment of soil of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil comprises: central controller 1, first Acquisition Circuit 2 and the second Acquisition Circuit 3, described first Acquisition Circuit 2 is connected with central controller 1 respectively with the second Acquisition Circuit 3, wherein: the first Acquisition Circuit 2 comprises first sensor driver module 21 and visible light sensor 22, first sensor driver module 21 is connected with central controller 1, visible light sensor 22 is connected with first sensor driver module 21, and this visible light sensor 22 can be used for the soil spectrum information gathering red, green, blue three wave bands; Second Acquisition Circuit 3 comprises the second sensor driver module 31 and near infrared sensor 32, second sensor driver module 31 is connected with central controller 1, near infrared sensor 32 is connected with the second sensor driver module 31, and this near infrared sensor 32 can be used for the soil spectrum information gathering near-infrared band; Central controller 1 for controlling first sensor driver module 21 and the second sensor driver module 31, to drive visible light sensor 22 and near infrared sensor 32 synchronous acquisition soil spectrum information respectively.The multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil can be applicable to the collection of the information of soil with organic matter and moisture, when carrying out information acquisition, visible light sensor 22 is controlled and near infrared sensor 32 at a time carries out the synchronous acquisition of information with place by central controller 1, obtain the red, green, blue of soil and the spatial spectral information of near infrared four wave bands, thus the soil spectrum information of these four wave bands can be utilized to generate Distribution of Nutrient figure, think that precision agriculture practice provides basis.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned visible light sensor 22 and near infrared sensor 32 all can be cmos sensor, and particularly, visible light sensor 22 is visible ray cmos sensor, and near infrared sensor 32 is near infrared cmos sensor.Relative to the existing information collecting device generally adopting ccd sensor, adopt cmos sensor can have higher spatial resolution, lower power consumption and information distortion, effectively can ensure the accuracy of Information Monitoring, reduce energy consumption simultaneously.Can find out, because cmos sensor has lower energy consumption, by the collection adopting COMS sensor to carry out spatial spectral information, effectively can improve flying power when the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil carries out information acquisition, effectively can be applied to the collection of the content information of soil with organic matter and moisture; Simultaneously, because cmos sensor has higher spatial resolution and less information distortion, make the spectral information of collection more accurate, the content information of soil with organic matter and moisture can be reacted more really and accurately, effective enforcement of Precision Agriculture Technology can be ensured.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned visible ray cmos sensor and the spatial resolution of near infrared cmos sensor can be 1280*1024, the accuracy of information and reliability during to ensure that soil nutrient information gathers.In practical application, can suitable spatial resolution be set as required, to meet the needs of actual acquisition and analysis, obtains soil nutrient information distribution plan accurately.
The shutter of the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil adopts the input mode of button, so that user carries out the collection of image by pressing tripper, when user presses tripper, the moment that tripper produces and the length of duration are indefinite at random, and exist because switch spring rebounds the level jitter phenomenon caused.For this reason, the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil is also provided with tripper load module, so that the signal produced when pressing tripper processes, particularly, as shown in Figure 1, the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil also can include tripper load module 4, be connected with the tripper 5 be arranged on harvester and central controller 1, for eliminating level shake when tripper 5 is pressed, think that central controller 1 inputs an effective pulse signal, thus when can effectively ensure that tripper 5 is pressed, central controller 1 can control each working sensor according to this effective pulse signal.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned tripper load module 4 can be specifically the twitter circuit that synchronously disappears, and to ensure that harvester can capture input pulse when tripper is pressed, and ensures pressing of tripper each time, only forms an effective pulse.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic that in the embodiment of the present invention, tripper load module processes signal.In stopwatch system, require to obtain the key pulse that width is the cycle of an external timing signal clk, therefore, the principle of work of above-mentioned tripper load module 4 is: often click tripper, and tripper load module 4 is by output effective shutter pulse.Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, wherein shutter is the shutter signal of input tripper load module, and shuttter0 is the output signal after the process of tripper load module, and this output signal shutter0 exports central controller to; State control signal shutter_temp1 is the latch signal that shutter signal shutter carries out at the negative edge of clock signal clk1 latching, state control signal shutter_temp2 is the latch signal that state control signal shutter_temp1 carries out at the negative edge of clock signal clk1 latching, state control signal shutter_temp3 is the inversion signal of state control signal shutter_temp2, and reset pulse is exactly the logical and of clock signal clk1, state control signal shutter_temp1 and state control signal shutter_temp3.The signal produced during by pressing tripper processes, effectively can ensure the accuracy of the control signal being input to central controller, thus under this control signal effect, central controller can synchro control visible light sensor and near infrared sensor work, respectively the soil spectrum information of collection red, green, blue three wave bands and the soil spectrum information of near-infrared band.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned first sensor driver module 21 and the second sensor driver module 31 can be identical functional module, specifically can be made up of kernel control module and waveform generating module, for the necessary waveform producing cmos sensor work, and the spectral information that reading COMS sensor gathers, and by these transfer spectral information to central control module.During cmos sensor work, need outer clocking information, after outer clocking information, cmos sensor can produce a pixel clock synchronous with outside input clock signal, this pixel clock is used for the output of synchronous Pixel Information, and each clock period has a Pixel Information and exports.Wherein, the output of pixel adopts the mode exported line by line, after every one-row pixels output is complete, a low level line synchronizing signal can be produced, and a low level frame synchronizing signal can be produced after a frame signal end of output, sensor driver module then needs the signal catching these keys, and reads the Pixel Information coming from cmos sensor, and is sent to central controller.
Fig. 3 is the circuit principle structure schematic diagram of sensor driver module in the embodiment of the present invention.Sensor driver module in the present embodiment specifically can adopt Hardware Description Language VHDL to realize, and its concrete structure can be shown in Figure 3.In the present embodiment, cmos sensor has 10 bit digital output signals, and these 10 pixel datas are read in by sensor driver module, and after internal logic circuit processes, the picture element signal being converted into 8 exports, so that the reading of central controller; The pixel clock pulse signal of cmos sensor connects the output signal of cmos sensor, and each effective pixel clock exports a Pixel Information; The row that row useful signal and frame useful signal are connected respectively to cmos sensor effectively and frame effectively output signal; Waiting signal is issued to cmos sensor by sensor driver module, if this signal is high level, then cmos sensor enters standby mode, and in this mode, simulation biasing circuit is disabled, and cmos sensor is low power consumpting state; Shutter signal load module connects exterior mechanical button, and internal logic circuit presses significant level length by the shaping of shutter input pulse, then by shutter signal output module by wave form output, if this signal is high level, then sensor enters single bat pattern; Reset signal is the asynchronous reset signal of Low level effective, if cmos sensor resets, then chip enters initialized state, and now, default value got back to by all registers.In practical application, suitable sensor driver module can be adopted according to dissimilar cmos sensor, effectively to drive cmos sensor work, guarantee the accuracy of the signal gathered.
As shown in Figure 1, the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil also can include SDRAM memory module 6 and CF card memory module 7, wherein, SDRAM memory module 6 is connected with central controller 1, for carrying out information temporary storage in the multispectral information acquisition process of a frame soil; CF card memory module 7 is connected with central controller 1, for after the multispectral information acquisition of a frame soil, is saved by the frame space multi-spectral being temporarily stored in SDRAM memory module 6 under central controller 1 controls.In the present embodiment, be respectively arranged with SDRAM memory module and CF card memory module corresponding to each sensor, like this, visible light sensor and near infrared sensor can be stored in different CF cards respectively.
In the present embodiment, the data that CF card memory module is mainly used in control CF card store, and in CF card, set up FAT file system, and store image information with BMP bitmap format.Particularly, this CF card memory module circuit can comprise the power supply to the power supply of CF card, and the interface be connected with central controller.Image information reads by central controller from SDRAM memory module, and in CF card, with the multispectral information of stored in file format soil of BMP.The advantage of this kind of information storage means is, the fileinfo preserved can directly be read out under Windows operating system, and because BMP file layout is lossless format, the multispectral information of soil can reflect the most truly is clapped figure and the color character of soil.
In the present embodiment, central controller is the parts controlling the multispectral information collecting device overall workflow of soil, and it is connected to sensor driver module, DSRAM memory module, CF memory module and tripper load module.When carrying out soil spectrum information acquisition, the spectral information that cmos sensor can collect by sensor driver module sends central controller to 8 binary forms, by central controller by spatial spectral information temporary storage in SDRAM memory module at a high speed; After having read a complete frame spatial spectral information, then by central controller, these information are stored in CF card, so that further process soil nutrient information information and analyze, obtain soil nutrient information distribution plan.
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention one-piece construction schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 4, visible light sensor and near infrared sensor can be arranged on two camera lenses respectively, and the rear end of each camera lens is separately installed with optical filter, so that each sensor can gather the soil spectrum information of different-waveband; First sensor driver module and the second sensor driver module are all integrated in central controller, can be specifically the controller of core by employing FPGA, and this central controller are also connected with interface module, so that be connected with extraneous miscellaneous equipment; What be connected with central controller has two CF card memory modules, be respectively used to the soil spectrum information that storage two sensors gather, and the information of synchronization collection is corresponding, thus the information stored in CF card can be read by card reader, and can mutually corresponding information be processed, obtain soil nutrient information, and then obtain soil nutrient information growing way distribution plan.
The multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil can have the same or similar control button with general camera, and dry cell can be adopted to power, its operation is identical with common camera operation mode, below by utilizing the operation steps of the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment to be described:
Two joint 9V dry cells are installed on battery interface, open [power switch] button by the first step.Space multi-spectral information acquiring device initializes itself, after about one second, [ready light] lights, and device powers on complete, can take pictures.
Second step, after [ready light] lights, presses [shooting] button, i.e. [shutter] button, and two sensors of the multispectral information collecting device of soil work simultaneously, and shooting image, carries out the collection of spectral information, and after information acquisition, [ready light] extinguishes.And when sticking into the write of row data to CF, [CF card relay indicating light] starts flicker, after completing storing process, [CF card relay indicating light] stops flicker, and [ready light] of the multispectral information collecting device of soil lights again, and primary information collection completes.
So, repeatedly can carry out image taking, the soil multispectral image needed for collection, to utilize the multispectral information collected, analyze and obtain soil nutrient information distribution plan.
When CF card stores completely, [CF card space is not enough] pilot lamp lights, and prompting user checks CF card; When user forgets insertion CF card, [CF card space is not enough] pilot lamp lights, and prompting user checks CF card; At the end of shooting all, close [power switch] of multispectral camera, machine switched off, can take off CF card, be further analyzed work.
To sum up, the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil is by arranging visible light sensor and near infrared sensor, and by carrying out synchro control to these two sensors, can synchronization obtain want the red, green, blue of acquisition target and the soil spectrum information of near infrared four wave bands, can be used for the collection of the content information of soil with organic matter and moisture, soil multispectral information collecting device structure is simple, it is convenient to realize, cost is low, and Information Monitoring is convenient, effectively can improve the practicality of multispectral information collecting device; Simultaneously, central controller in the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil adopts FPGA to be the controller of core, except can realizing the inner complicated and accurate logic control of harvester, more flexile control interface and image transmitting interface can also be provided for outside, solve the restriction of interface section for the popularization of multispectral camera; In addition, the multispectral information collecting device of the present embodiment soil is by adopting cmos sensor, effectively can improve the resolution of image, reduce power consumption and the image fault of harvester, improve accuracy and the reliability of information acquisition, the information gathered based on the present embodiment device can accurate response soil nutrient information.
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (5)
1. the multispectral information collecting device of soil, is characterized in that, comprising: central controller, and the first Acquisition Circuit be connected with described central controller and the second Acquisition Circuit, wherein:
Described first Acquisition Circuit comprises: the first sensor driver module be connected with described central controller, and the visible light sensor to be connected with described first sensor driver module, described visible light sensor is for gathering the soil spectrum information of red, green, blue three wave bands;
Described second Acquisition Circuit comprises: the second sensor driver module be connected with described central controller, and the near infrared sensor to be connected with described second sensor driver module, described near infrared sensor is for gathering the soil spectrum information of near-infrared band;
Described central controller for controlling described first sensor driver module and the second sensor driver module, to drive described visible light sensor and near infrared sensor synchronous acquisition soil spectrum information.
2. the multispectral information collecting device of soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described visible light sensor is visible ray cmos sensor; And/or described near infrared sensor is near infrared cmos sensor.
3. the multispectral information collecting device of soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Tripper load module, is connected between tripper and central controller, for eliminating level shake when tripper is pressed, thinks that described central controller inputs an effective impulse signal.
4. the multispectral information collecting device of soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
SDRAM memory module, is connected with described central controller, for carrying out information temporary storage in the multispectral information acquisition process of a frame soil;
CF card memory module, is connected with described central controller, for after the multispectral information acquisition of a frame soil, the multispectral information of a frame soil being temporarily stored in described SDRAM memory module is saved under described central controller controls.
5. the multispectral information collecting device of soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described central controller adopts FPGA to be the controller of core.
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| CN201410527183.2A CN105510239A (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2014-10-09 | Soil multispectral information collecting device |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109619059A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-16 | 杭州卓器电子科技有限公司 | A kind of moveable aerial plant protection measuring and reporting system |
| CN110118732A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-13 | 中国农业大学 | Soil moisture content detection method and device |
| CN112565726A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 广州极飞科技有限公司 | Method for determining job prescription chart, job control method and related device |
| CN112858222A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-28 | 中国农业大学 | Visible light and near infrared soil moisture content sensor for detecting soil moisture content |
| CN113433081A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-24 | 江南大学 | Dynamic neural network-based quality detection method and system in fruit and vegetable drying process |
| CN112858222B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2024-04-26 | 中国农业大学 | Visible light and near infrared soil moisture content sensor for detecting soil moisture content |
-
2014
- 2014-10-09 CN CN201410527183.2A patent/CN105510239A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109619059A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-04-16 | 杭州卓器电子科技有限公司 | A kind of moveable aerial plant protection measuring and reporting system |
| CN110118732A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-08-13 | 中国农业大学 | Soil moisture content detection method and device |
| CN112565726A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 广州极飞科技有限公司 | Method for determining job prescription chart, job control method and related device |
| CN112858222A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-28 | 中国农业大学 | Visible light and near infrared soil moisture content sensor for detecting soil moisture content |
| CN112858222B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2024-04-26 | 中国农业大学 | Visible light and near infrared soil moisture content sensor for detecting soil moisture content |
| CN113433081A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-24 | 江南大学 | Dynamic neural network-based quality detection method and system in fruit and vegetable drying process |
| CN113433081B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-05-24 | 江南大学 | Dynamic neural network-based quality detection method and system in fruit and vegetable drying process |
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Application publication date: 20160420 |