CN1708303A - 具有5-ht和血清素再摄取抑制作用的作为抗抑郁药和抗焦虑药的吡啶烷基-氨基烷基-1h-吲哚衍生物 - Google Patents
具有5-ht和血清素再摄取抑制作用的作为抗抑郁药和抗焦虑药的吡啶烷基-氨基烷基-1h-吲哚衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1708303A CN1708303A CNA2003801023956A CN200380102395A CN1708303A CN 1708303 A CN1708303 A CN 1708303A CN A2003801023956 A CNA2003801023956 A CN A2003801023956A CN 200380102395 A CN200380102395 A CN 200380102395A CN 1708303 A CN1708303 A CN 1708303A
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- indole
- butyl
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- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIQPIUSUKVNLNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolcapone Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 MIQPIUSUKVNLNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004603 tolcapone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)吲哚的新的衍生物,其中X,Y,R1,R1′,m和n如权利要求1所定义。所述化合物对于受体5-HT1A以及在某些情况下对5-HT1D受体显示出很高的亲合性。这些化合物能够抑制血清素的再摄取,显示了血清素激动和拮抗的性能,并可用作抗抑郁药、抗焦虑药和治疗神经变性疾病。
Description
本发明涉及式I的吲哚衍生物:
其中
X表示
Y表示H或A′
R1,R1′每个各自独立地表示H,A,OH,OA,CN,Hal,COR4或CH2R4,
R2表示H,A,Hal,OH,OA,SA,COOH,COOA′,CHO,COA′,SO2A′,NH2,NHA,NA2,CH2NA2,NHCOA,NHCOAr,NHCOOA,NHSO2A,NHSO2Ar,CH2NHSO2A,NHCONH2,NHCONHA,NHCONA2,NHCONHAr,CONH2,CONHA,CONA2,SO2NH2,SO2NHA,SO2NA2,CH2SO2NH2,CH2SO2NHA,CH2SO2NA2,[C(R4R4′)]pCN,[C(R4R4′)]pCF3,[C(R4R4′)]pCOR4,[C(R4R4′)]pAr,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R3表示H,A,[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-,-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-或-CH2-CH2-CH-CH-,其中1或2个CH和/或CH2单元可以被N取代,和/或1、2、3或4个H原子可以被下列基团取代:Hal,A,OH,OA,NH2,NO2,CN,COOH,COOA,CONH2,NHCOA,NHCONH2,NHSO2A,CHO,COA,SO2NH2或S(O)oA,-O-CH2-O-或-O-CH2-CH2-O-,
R4,R4′每个各自独立地表示H,A,OH,OA,NH2,NHA,NA2或NHCOOA′,
Ar表示苯基、萘基或联苯基,它们中的每个是未被取代的或被下列基团单、二或三取代的:Hal,A,OH,OA,NH2,NO2,CN,COOH,COOA,CONH2,NHCOA,NHCONH2,NHSO2A,CHO,COA,SO2NH2或S(O)oA,
Het表示具有1至4个N、O和/或S原子的饱和的、不饱和的或芳香的单或双环的芳香杂环,其可以是未取代的或被下列基团单、二或三取代:羰基氧,=S,=NH,Hal,A,-(CH2)o-Ar,-(CH2)o-环烷基,-(CH2)o-OH,-(CH2)o-NH2,NO2,CN,-(CH2)o-COOH,-(CH2)o-COOA,-(CH2)o-CONH2,-(CH2)o-NHCOA,NHCONH2,-(CH2)o-NHSO2A,CHO,COA′,SO2NH2和/或S(O)oA,
A表示具有1-10个C原子的直链或支链烷基,其中一或两个CH2基团可以被-CH=CH-基团取代,和/或1-7个H原子还可以被F和/或Cl取代,
A′ 表示具有1至6个C原子的烷基或苄基,
Hal 表示F,Cl,Br或I,和
m 表示2,3,4,5或6
n 表示1,2,3或4,
0 表示0,1或2,
p 表示0,1,2,3,4,5或6,
和其药学可用的衍生物,溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
本发明的目的是发现新的具有有用性能化合物,特别是那些用于药物制备的化合物。
在WO 01/98293中描述了杂环氨基烷基吡啶衍生物。本发明可认为是对上述发明的一个选择发明。由WO 94/24127,WO 90/05721或由JP 05043544可已知其它吲哚衍生物。
已经发现按照本发明的式I的化合物和其生理学可接受的酸加成盐具有很好的耐受性,并且具有有价值的药理学性能,因为它们具有对中枢神经系统的作用,特别是抑制5-HT再摄取的作用,这是由于它们影响了血清素能的传送。特别是,它们对于5-HT1A、且有时对于5-HT1D受体具有强烈的亲合性。
由于这些化合物还抑制血清素再摄取,它们特别适合作为抗抑郁药和抗焦虑药。这些化合物显示出对于血清素的激动和拮抗的性能。它们抑制了氚化血清素配体与海马趾受体的结合(Cossery等人,European J.Pharmacol.140(1987),143-155),并抑制了突触体的(synaptosomal)血清素再摄取(Sherman等人,Life Sci.23(1978),1863-1870)。血清素再摄取抑制作用的体外证明可利用突触体的摄取抑制作用(Wong等人,Neuropsychopharmacol.8(1993),23-33)和对氯代安非他明的拮抗作用(Fuller等人,J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.212(1980),115-119)来进行。5-HT1D的亲合性,例如,可通过Pauwels和Palmier在Neuropharmacology 33,67(1994)中所描述的方法加以测定。
式I化合物的结合性能可通过已知的5-HT1A(血清素)结合试验(5-HT1A(血清素)结合试验:Matzen等人,J.Med.Chem.,43,1149-1157,(2000),特别是第1156页,参照Eur.J.Pharmacol.:140,143-155(1987))来测定。
按照本发明的化合物可用于治疗与血清素神经传递介质系统有关的疾病,且其中涉及高亲合性血清素受体(5-HT1A受体)和/或5-HT1D受体。
因此式I的化合物适合于在兽医以及人类医学中治疗中枢神经系统机能障碍和治疗炎症。它们可用于预防和抵御脑梗塞(脑中风)的后遗症,例如中风和大脑局部缺血,用于精神病药和帕金森氏症的锥体束外的运动原副作用的治疗,用于阿尔茨海默氏病的急性治疗和有症状的治疗和用于肌萎缩性侧索硬化的治疗。它们同样地适合作为脑和脊髓损伤的治疗药剂。特别地,它们还适合作为抗焦虑药,抗抑郁药,抗精神病药,精神镇静药,抗过度紧张药和/或用于正面影响强迫性神经失调(OCD),焦虑状态,恐慌发作,精神病,厌食,妄想性偏执狂,偏头痛,阿尔茨海默氏病,睡眠障碍,迟发性运动障碍,认知障碍,老年依赖性记忆损伤,进食障碍,例如贪食症,药品滥用和/或性机能障碍的药物活性组分。
服用通式I的化合物的重要的适应症是所有类型的精神病,特别是精神分裂症类的精神病。另外,这些化合物还可用于降低认知能力方面的缺陷,即提高认知能力和记忆力。通式I的化合物还适合于治疗阿尔茨海默氏病的病征。另外,按照本发明的通式I的物质适于脑梗塞(脑中风)例如大脑的中风和大脑的局部缺血的预防和控制。该物质此外还适合于治疗下列疾病:例如病理性的焦虑状态,过度兴奋,机能亢进和孩子和少年的注意力病症,严重的发育病症和具有智力迟钝的社会行为障碍,抑郁,狭义(OCD)和广义(OCSD)的强迫性病症,某些性机能障碍,睡眠障碍和营养吸收方面的病症,和作为老年痴呆和阿尔茨海默类型痴呆、即广义上的中枢神经系统疾病的一部分的精神病学病征。
式I的化合物同样地适合于锥体束外的运动原疾病的治疗,用常规抗帕金森药物治疗锥体束外运动原疾病出现的副作用的治疗,或抗精神病药导致的锥体束外病征(EPS)的治疗。
锥体束外的运动原疾病是,例如,自发的帕金森氏症,震颤麻痹综合症,运动障碍舞蹈症或张力障碍综合症,震颤,Gilles de Ia Torette综合症,挥舞症,肌肉痉挛,多动腿综合症,威尔逊氏病,Lewy身体麻痹性痴呆,亨廷顿舞蹈病和图雷特综合症。
按照本发明的化合物还特别适合于神经变性疾病的治疗,例如,羽扇豆中毒,阿尔茨海默氏病,帕金森病和享廷顿舞蹈病症。
式I的化合物特别适合于用常规帕金森药物在自发性帕金森氏症治疗过程中出现的副作用的治疗。因此它们还能够用作治疗帕金森氏症的附加(add-on)治疗方法。已知的帕金森药物是例如下面的药物:L-多巴(左旋多巴)和与苄丝肼或卡比多巴结合的L-多巴,多巴胺激动剂,例如溴隐亭,阿朴吗啡,卡麦角林,普拉克索,罗匹尼罗,培高利特,二氢-α-ergocriptine或麦角乙脲(lisuride),和所有能够实现多巴胺受体的刺激作用的药物,儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶(COMT)的抑制剂,例如恩他卡朋或托卡朋,单胺氧化酶(MAO)的抑制剂,例如司来吉兰,和N-甲基D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体的拮抗剂,例如金刚烷胺或布地品。
因此通式I的化合物和其可耐受的盐和溶剂化物可用作药物,例如抗焦虑药,抗抑郁药,抗精神病药和/或抗高血压药的活性组分。
药物活性组分在生物体中吸收的量度是其生物利用率。
如果药物活性组分以注射溶液的形式对有机体静脉内给药,其绝对生物利用率,即药物达到全身血液中的部份,即常规循环量,在没有变化的形态下是100%。
在口服给予治疗活性组分的情况下,活性组分通常在制剂中以固体形式存在,所以首先必须将其溶解,以使其能够克服通道屏障,例如胃肠道,口腔粘膜,鼻膜或皮肤,特别是角质层,或能够为身体所吸收。药物动力学数据,即生物利用率的数据,可按照类似于J.Shaffer等人,J.Pharm.Sciences,1999,88,313-318的方法得到。
由于logD值是分子亲油性的量度,治疗性活性组分的吸收率的另外量度是logD值。
如果通式I的化合物是具旋光性的,式I包括每个分离的旋光对映体以及在任何可能的组合物中相应的可能的外消旋混合物。
采用的术语“式I化合物的溶剂化物”是指惰性溶剂分子在式I化合物上的加合物,其形成是因为它们的相互吸引力。溶剂化物是,例如,单或二水合物或与醇的加成化合物,例如,与甲醇或乙醇。
本发明涉及按照权利要求1的式I化合物和其盐和其溶剂化物,还涉及一种式I的化合物和其盐和其溶剂化物的制备方法,其特征在于
a)式(II)的化合物,
其中
X,Y和n具有在权利要求1中表明的含义,
与式III的化合物反应,
其中
L表示Cl,Br或I,R1,R1′和m具有在权利要求1中表明的含义,
或
b)式IV的化合物,
X-(CH2)n-L IV
其中
L表示Cl,Br或I,X和n具有在权利要求1中表明的含义,
与式V的化合物反应,
其中
R1,R1′,Y和m具有在权利要求1中表明的含义,
和/或
通过用酸或碱处理,将式I的碱性或酸性化合物转变为其盐或溶剂化物的一种。
术语“药学可用的衍生物”是指,例如,本发明化合物的盐和所谓的前体药物化合物。
术语“前体药物衍生物”是指已经用例如烷基或酰基、糖或寡肽修饰的和在有机体中可快速裂解以形成本发明的活性化合物的式I的化合物。
这些还包括本发明化合物的可生物降解的聚合物衍生物,例如在Int.J.Pharm.
115,61-67(1995)中所描述的。
本发明还涉及本发明的式I化合物的混合物,例如两个非对映体的混合物,例如以1∶1、1∶2、1∶3、1∶4、1∶5、1∶10、1∶100或1∶1000的比例存在的混合物。这些之中特别优选立体异构化合物的混合物。
A表示未分支(直链)或支链的,且具有1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10个C原子的烷基。A优选表示甲基,此外有乙基,丙基,异丙基,丁基,异丁基,仲丁基或叔丁基,此外还有戊基,1-、2-或3-甲基丁基,1,1-、1,2-或2,2-二甲丙基,1-乙基-丙基,己基,1-、2-、3-或4-甲基戊基,1,1-、1,2-、1,3-、2,2-、2,3-或3,3-二甲基丁基,1-或2-乙基丁基,1-乙基-1-甲基丙基,1-乙基-2-甲基丙基,1,1,2-或1,2,2-三甲基丙基,此外优选,例如,三氟甲基。
A非常特别优选表示具有1,2,3,4,5或6个C原子的烷基,优选甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,丁基,异丁基,仲丁基,叔丁基,戊基,己基,三氟甲基,五氟乙基或1,1,1-三氟-乙基。
A还表示环烷基。
环烷基优选表示环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基或环庚基。
A′优选表示具有1,2,3,4,5或6个C原子的烷基,优选甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,丁基,异丁基,仲丁基,叔丁基,戊基,己基,三氟甲基或苄基。
-COA或-COA′(酰基)优选表示乙酰基,丙酰基,此外还有丁酰基,戊酰基,己酰或,例如,苯甲酰基。
Hal优选表示F,Cl或Br,但还有I。
OA优选表示,例如,甲氧基,乙氧基,丙氧基,异丙氧基,丁氧基或叔丁氧基。
R1优选表示,例如,CN或F,非常特别优选CN。
R1′优选表示H。
m优选表示4。
n表示表示1或2。
R2优选表示H,Hal,A,SA,CN,CONH2,COOA′,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr,[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,其中Het优选表示苯并吡喃-2-酮基,噻吩基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吲哚基,呋喃基,吡咯基,异噁唑基咪唑基,噻唑基,三唑基,四唑基,喹啉基或异喹啉基,其中每一个是未取代的或被Hal或COOA′单取代的,且Ar优选表示苯基。
R3优选表示H,A,Hal或CN。
优选R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-。
R4和R4’优选表示H。
Ar表示,例如,未取代的苯基,萘基或联苯基,此外优选苯基,萘基或联苯基,它们中的每一个是被下列基团单、二或三取代的:例如,A,氟,氯,溴,碘,羟基,甲氧基,乙氧基,丙氧基,丁氧基,戊氧基,己氧基,硝基,氰基,甲酰基,乙酰基,丙酰基,三氟甲基,氨基,甲基氨基,乙氨基,二甲基氨基,二乙基氨基,苄氧基,磺酰氨基,甲基磺酰氨基,乙基磺酰氨基,丙基磺酰氨基,丁基磺酰氨基,二甲基磺酰氨基,苯基磺酰氨基,羧基,甲氧羰基,乙氧羰基,氨基羰基。
Ar非常特别优选表示苯基。
Het,除了可能的取代基,表示,例如,2-或3-呋喃基,2-或3-噻吩基,1-、2-或3-吡咯基,1-、2,4-或5-咪唑基,1-、3-、4-或5-吡唑基,2-、4-或5-噁唑基,3-、4-或5-异噁唑基,2-、4-或5-噻唑基,3-、4-或5-异噻唑基,2-、3-或4-吡啶基,2-、4-、5-或6-嘧啶基,进一步的更优选1,2,3-三唑-1-、-4-或-5-基,1,2,4-三唑-1-、-3-或5-基,1-或5-四唑基,1,2,3-噁二唑-4-或-5-基,1,2,4-噁二唑-3-或-5-基,1,3,4-噻二唑-2-或-5-基,1,2,4-噻二唑-3-或-5-基,1,2,3-噻二唑-4-或-5-基,3-或4-哒嗪基,吡嗪基,1-、2-、3-、4-、5-、6-或7-吲哚基,4-或5-异吲哚基,1-、2-、4-或5-苯并咪唑基,1-、3-、4-、5-、6-或7-苯并吡唑基,2-、4-、5-、6-或7-苯并噁唑基,3-、4-、5-、6-或7-苯并异噁唑基,2-、4-、5-、6-或7-苯并噻唑基,2-、4-、5-、6-或7-苯并异噻唑基,4-、5-、6-或7-苯并-2,1,3-噁二唑基,2-、3-、4-、5-、6-、7-或8-喹啉基,1-、3-、4-、5-、6-、7-或8-异喹啉基,3-、4-、5-、6-、7-或8-噌琳基,2-、4-、5-、6-、7-或8-喹唑啉基,5-或6-喹喔啉基,2-、3-、5-、6-、7-或8-2H-苯并-1,4-噁嗪基,此外优选1,3-苯并二氧杂环戊烯-5-基,1,4-苯并二噁烷-6-基,2,1,3-苯并噻二唑-4-或-5-基,2,1,3-苯并噁二唑-5-基或色烯基。 杂环基还可以被部分地或完全地氢化。因此,Het还能够表示,例如,2,3-二氢-2-、-3-、-4-或-5-呋喃基,2,5-二氢-2-、-3-、-4-或-5-呋喃基,四氢-2-或-3-呋喃基,1,3-二氧戊环-4-基,四氢-2-或-3-噻吩基,2,3-二氢-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-或-5-吡咯基,2,5-二氢-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-或-5-吡咯基,1-、2-或3-吡咯烷基,四氢-1-、-2-或-4-咪唑基,2,3-二氢-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-或-5-吡唑基,四氢-1-、-3-或-4-吡唑基,1,4-二氢-1-、-2-、-3-或-4-吡啶基,1,2,3,4-四氢-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-或-6-吡啶基,1-、2-、3-或4-哌啶基,2-、3-或4-吗啉基,四氢-2-、-3-或-4-吡喃基,1,4-二噁烷基,1,3-二噁烷-2-,-4-或-5-基,六氢-1-、-3-或-4-哒嗪基,六氢-1-、-2-、-4-或-5-嘧啶基,1-、2-或3-哌嗪基,1,2,3,4-四氢-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-、-7-或-8-喹啉基,1,2,3,4-四氢-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-、-7-或-8-异喹啉基,2-、3-、5-、6-、7-或8-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并-1,4-噁嗪基,进一步的更优选2,3-亚甲二氧基苯基,3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基,2,3-亚乙基二氧基苯基,3,4-亚乙基二氧基苯基,3,4-(二氟亚甲二氧基)苯基,2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-或6-基,2,3-(2-氧代亚甲二氧基)-苯基或还有3,4-二氢-2H-1,5-苯并二氧杂卓(benzodioxepin)-6-或-7-基,此外优选2,3-二氢苯并呋喃基或2,3-二氢-2-氧代呋喃基。
Het特别优选表示苯并吡喃-2-酮基,噻吩基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吲哚基,呋喃基,吡咯基,异噁唑基咪唑基,噻唑基,三唑基,四唑基,喹啉基或异喹啉基,其中每个是未取代的或被Hal或COOA′单取代的。
相应地,本发明涉及,特别是涉及式I化合物,其中所述基团的至少一种具有如上所述的优选含义中的一种。一些优选的化合物的基团能够由下列的子式Ia至Ih表示,其与式I一致,且其中没有更详细给出的基团具有为式I标明的含义,但其中
在Ia中,R1表示CN或F,
R1′表示H;
在Ib中,R4,R4′表示H;
在Ic中,R2表示H,Hal,A,SA,CN,CONH2,C0OA′,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr,[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R3表示H,A,Hal或CN,
R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-;
在Id中,Het表示苯并吡喃-2-酮基,噻吩基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吲哚基,呋喃基,吡咯基,异噁唑基,咪唑基,噻唑基,三唑基,四唑基,喹啉基或异喹啉基,其中每个是未取代的或被Hal或COOA′单取代的。
在Ie中,Ar表示未取代的或被Hal单、二或三取代的苯基:
在If中,
X 表示
R1表示CN或F,
R1′表示H,
R2表示H,Hal,A,SA,CN,CONH2,COOA′,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr,[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R3表示H,A,Hal或CN,
R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-,
Het表示苯并吡喃-2-酮基,噻吩基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吲哚基,呋喃基,吡咯基,异噁唑基,咪唑基,噻唑基,三唑基,四唑基,喹啉基或异喹啉基,其中每个是未取代的或被Hal或COOA′单取代的,
Ar表示未取代的或被Hal单、二或三取代的苯基,
p表示0或1;
在Ig中,
X表示
R1表示CN或F,
R1′表示H,
R2表示H,Hal,A,SA,CN,CONH2,COOA′,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr,[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R3表示H,A,Hal或CN,
R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-,
Ar表示苯基,
p表示0或1;
在Ih中,
X表示
R1表示CN或F,
R1′表示H,
R2表示H,Hal,A,SA,CN,CONH2,COOA′,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr,
[C(R4R4′)]pAr,
R3表示H,A,Hal或CN,
R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-,
R4,R4′表示H,
Ar表示苯基,
p表示0或1;
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
另外,按照权利要求1的式I化合物以及制备它的起始原料是通过本身已知的、如文献(例如在标准读物中,例如Houben-Weyl,Methodender organischen Chemie[Methods of Organic Chemistry],Georg-Thieme-Verlag,Stuttgart)所述方法制备的,确切地说,是根据已知的并适合于所述反应的反应条件来制备的。这里还可以使用本身已知的方法的替代的方法,但这些方法在此不进行更详细的描述。
如果需要的话,起始原料还可以原位形成,以使它们可以不用从反应混合物中分离,而是直接进一步转化为按照权利要求1的式I化合物。
式II和III的原料化合物通常是已知的。虽然它们是新的,但是它们能够通过本身已知的方法来制备。
式I的化合物可通过在标准条件下将式III化合物的离去基团L用式II的化合物的氨基氮亲核取代来制备,其中L表示Cl,Br或I。
亲核取代的反应条件,如上所述,对本领域技术人员是充分已知的,参见Organikum[Practical Organic Chemistry],17th Edition,Deutscher Verlag für Wissen-Schaften,Berlin 1988。
反应通常在惰性溶剂中、在酸结合试剂的存在下进行,酸结合试剂优选碱金属或碱土金属氢氧化物,碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐,或另外的弱酸的碱金属或碱土金属盐,优选钾、钠、钙或铯盐。加入有机碱,例如乙基二异丙胺、三乙胺、二甲苯胺、吡啶或喹啉、或过量的式II的组份或过量的式III的烷基化衍生物,也可能是有利的。反应时间,根据所使用的条件,在几分钟和14天之间,反应温度在约0℃和150℃之间,通常在20℃和130℃之间。
适宜的惰性溶剂的例子是烃类,例如己烷,石油醚,苯,甲苯或二甲苯;氯化烃类,例如三氯乙烯,1,2-二氯乙烷,四氯甲烷,氯仿或二氯甲烷;醇类,例如甲醇,乙醇,异丙醇,正丙醇,正丁醇或叔丁醇;醚类,例如乙醚,二异丙醚,四氢呋喃(THF)或二噁烷;乙二醇醚,例如乙二醇一甲基或一乙基醚,甘醇二甲醚(diglyme);酮类,例如丙酮或丁酮;酰胺,例如乙酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,二甲基乙酰胺或二甲基甲酰胺(DMF);腈,例如乙腈;亚砜,例如二甲亚砜(DMSO);二硫化碳;羧酸,例如甲酸或乙酸;硝基化合物,例如硝基甲烷或硝基苯;酯,例如乙酸乙酯,或所述溶剂的混合物。
此外式I的化合物能够通过式IV的化合物与式V的化合物反应得到。式IV和V的原料化合物通常是已知的。如果它们是新的,则它们可通过本身已知的方法来制备。反应条件类似于式II的化合物与式III的化合物之间的反应的那些反应条件。
可将酯,例如,使用乙酸或使用NaOH或KOH的水溶液,水/THF或水/二噁烷,温度在0和100℃之间进行皂化。
此外可将游离氨基使用酰氯或酸酐以常规的方式酰化,或按下述方法将其烷基化:使用未取代的或取代的卤代烷,或与CH3-C(=NH)-OEt反应,优选在惰性溶剂,例如二氯甲烷或THF中,和/或在碱例如三乙胺或吡啶的存在下,在温度为-60和+30℃之间进行。
使用酸能够将式I的碱转变为相关的酸加成盐,例如通过在惰性溶剂例如乙醇中的碱和酸的等当量的反应,接着进行蒸发。适合该反应的酸是,特别是能够得到生理学可接受的盐的那些酸。这样,可以使用无机酸,例如硫酸,亚硫酸,二硫代羧酸,硝酸,氢卤酸,例如盐酸或氢溴酸,磷酸,例如,正磷酸,氨基磺酸,此外还有有机酸,特别是脂肪族,脂环族,芳脂族,芳香或杂环的单或多元的羧酸,磺酸或硫酸,例如甲酸,乙酸,丙酸,己酸,辛酸,癸酸,十六酸,硬脂酸,新戊酸,二乙基乙酸,丙二酸,琥珀酸,庚二酸,富马酸,马来酸,乳酸,酒石酸,苹果酸,柠檬酸,葡糖酸,抗坏血酸,烟酸,异烟酸,甲或乙磺酸,苯磺酸,三甲氧基苯甲酸,金刚烷羧酸,对甲苯磺酸,羟基乙酸,扑酸(embonic acid),氯苯氧基乙酸,天冬氨酸,谷氨酸,脯氨酸,乙醛酸,棕榈酸,对氯苯氧基异丁酸,环己烷羧酸,葡萄-1-磷酸,萘单和二磺酸或月桂基硫酸。与生理学不能接受的酸形成的盐,例如苦味酸盐,可用于分离和/或纯化式I的化合物。另一方面,使用碱(例如氢氧化钠,氢氧化钾,碳酸钠或碳酸钾)能够将式I的化合物转变为相应的金属盐,特别是碱金属或碱土金属盐,或将其转变为相应的铵盐。
本发明还涉及按照权利要求I的式I化合物和其生理学可接受的盐或其溶剂化物作为药物活性组分。
本发明此外涉及式I化合物和其生理学可接受的盐或其溶剂化物作为5HT1A和/或5HT1D激动剂和作为5-HT再摄取的抑制剂。
本发明还涉及按照权利要求1的式I化合物和其生理学可接受的盐或其溶剂化物用于治疗疾病。
按照本发明的式I化合物由于它们的分子结构而可以是手性的,并可以相应地以各种对映体的形式出现。因此它们能够以外消旋或以光学活性的形式存在。
由于按照本发明的化合物的消旋体或立体异构体的药物活性可能是不同的,因此最好使用对映体。在这些情况下,最终产品或中间体可通过本领域技术人员已知的化学或物理的方法或者甚至在合成中直接使用的方法分离为对映体化合物。
在外消旋的氨基情况下,可通过与光学活性的拆分试剂反应由混合物形成非对映体。拆分试剂适合的例子是光学活性的酸,例如R和S形式的酒石酸、二乙酰基酒石酸、二苯甲酰基酒石酸、扁桃酸、苹果酸、乳酸、合适的N保护的氨基酸(例如N-苯甲酰基脯氨酸或N-苯磺酰基脯氨酸),或各种光学活性的樟脑磺酸。借助于光学活性的拆分试剂(例如二硝基苯甲酰基苯基甘氨酸,三乙酸纤维素或碳水化合物的其它衍生物或固定在硅胶上的手性衍生化的甲基丙烯酸酯聚合物)的色谱对映体拆分也是有利的。适合此目的的洗脱液是含水或醇类溶剂混合物,例如,己烷/异丙醇/乙腈,例如以82∶15∶3的比例。
此外本发明涉及式I的化合物和/或其生理学可接受的盐在制备药物(药物组合物)中的用途,特别是通过非化学方法。可以将它们与至少一种固体、液体和/或半液体的载体或赋形剂一起转化成合适的剂型,如果适当的话,可与一或多种进一步的活性组分组合。
本发明进一步涉及包含至少一种式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例的混合物,和任选的赋形剂和/或助剂的药物。
此外本发明涉及通式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体、包括其以所有比例的混合物在制备用于下列药物中的用途:适合于治疗人类或动物的疾病、特别是中枢神经系统疾病例如病理性的紧张状态、抑郁和/或精神病的药物,用于降低高血压治疗中的副作用(例如用α-甲基-多巴)的药物,用于治疗内分泌(endoclinological)和/或妇科疾病,例如用于治疗agromegaly、性腺机能减退、二次闭经(secondary amenorrhoea)、月经后的综合症和不希望有的青春期乳汁分泌,和用于预防和治疗大脑疾病(例如偏头痛),特别是在老年人医学中,以类似于某些麦角生物碱的方式来使用,和用于控制和预防脑梗塞(脑中风),例如大脑中风和大脑局部缺血,用于治疗锥体束外的运动原疾病,用于治疗在用常规帕金森药物治疗锥体束外运动原疾病的过程中出现的副作用,或用于治疗由抗精神病药导致的锥体束外的病征(EPS)的药物。另外,包括通式I的化合物的药物组合物和药物适合用于提高认知能力和用于治疗阿尔茨海默氏病的病征。特别是,这类药物适合于治疗精神分裂症家族中的精神病,和用于抵御精神病性的焦虑状态。对于本发明的目的,术语治疗包括人类或动物疾病的预防和治疗。
本发明此外涉及式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体、包括其所有比例的混合物在制备用于抵御与血清素神经传递介质系统(其中包括高亲合性血清素受体(5-HT1A受体)和/或5-HT1D受体)有关的疾病的药物中的用途。
本发明此外涉及式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体、包括其以所有比例的混合物在制备作为抗焦虑药、抗抑郁药、抗精神病药和/或抗高血压药的药物中的用途。
通式I的物质通常以类似于已知的、可商业购买的药物组合物(例如溴隐亭和二氢麦角科尔宁)的形式给药,每剂量单位优选剂量在0.2和500mg之间,特别是在0.2和15mg之间。日剂量单位在0.001和10mg/kg体重之间。低剂量(在每剂量单位0.2和1mg之间,从0.001至0.005mg/kg体重)特别适合用于治疗偏头痛的药物组合物。每剂量单位10和50mg之间的剂量优选用于其它适应症。然而,给药的剂量依赖许多因素,例如相应组份的效果、患者的年龄、体重和一般健康状态。
本发明进一步涉及包含至少一种式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体、包括其以所有比例的混合物,和至少一种其它药物活性组分的药物。
本发明还涉及由下列的分开包装物组成的药物组合(试剂盒):
(a)有效量的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体、包括其以所有比例的混合物,和
(b)有效量的其它药物活性组分。
试剂盒包括合适的容器,例如盒子,单独的瓶子、袋或安瓿。试剂盒可以包括,例如,分开的安瓿,每个包含有效量的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例的混合物,和有效量的溶解或冷冻干燥形式的其它药物活性组分。
在上文和下文中,全部温度是以摄氏温度表示的。在下面的实施例中,“常规后处理”是指:如果需要的话加入水,调节pH值,如果需要的话,调节至2和10之间的值,根据最终产品的组成,将混合物用乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷提取,分离各相,将有机相用硫酸钠干燥并蒸发,产品通过硅胶色谱法、通过制备HPLC和/或通过结晶进行纯化。任选将纯化的化合物冷冻干燥。
质谱(MS):EI(电子撞击电离)M+
FAB(快原子轰击)(M+H)+
ESI(电喷雾电离)(M+H)+(除非另有说明)
实施例1
以类似于下列的反应路线进行吲哚单元的合成:
3-{4-[(5-溴代吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈的合成是按类似于下列反应路线来进行的:
1.1 首先将1.3克5-溴烟酸乙酯加入到40毫升叔丁醇中,并加入427毫克硼氢化钠。将全部混合物在回流(100℃)和N2下加热一小时。然后加入6毫升甲醇。将反应混合物搅拌过夜。向反应溶液中加入10ml水。然后用二氯甲烷提取混合物,使用硫酸钠干燥并在旋转蒸发器上蒸发,得到300mg(5-溴代吡啶-3-基)甲醇。
1.2 将300毫克先前得到的粗产品(5-溴吡啶-3-基)甲醇溶于20的甲苯中。加入0.2ml亚硫酰氯,并将混合物在100℃下搅拌一小时。然后在旋转蒸发器中蒸发混合物。油状残余物包括3-溴-5-氯甲基吡啶(315毫克)。
1.3 将300毫克3-溴-5-氯甲基吡啶和331毫克3-(4-氨基丁基)-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈在乙腈中混合。然后加入415mg碳酸钾和一刮铲尖碘化钾。将混合物在回流下沸腾过夜。在旋转蒸发器中蒸发混合物,并加入水。用乙酸乙酯提取混合物两次,使用硫酸钠干燥,过滤并在旋转蒸发器中蒸发。
用制备HPLC将390mg粗产品纯化:
HPLC柱:RP18(15mm)Lichrosorb
洗脱液:A:98%的水,2%的CH3CN,0.1%的TFA
B:10%的水,90%的CH3CN,0.1%的TFA
UV检测:225纳米;范围1
流速:10ml
19-23级分包含目标化合物3-{4-[(5-溴吡啶-3-基-甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,二-TFA盐。
产量:143mg
HPLC-ESI-MS(M+H)+383。
实施例2
3-{4-[(2-氯-6-甲基吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈的制备:
2.1 首先将1.94克2-氯-6-甲基异烟酸乙酯加入到36毫升叔丁醇中,加入0.93克硼氢化钠,在氮氛围下将混合物加热至回流(浴温约120℃)。1小时之后,慢慢地加入9毫升甲醇,在回流下沸腾过夜。进行常规后处理得到1.15克(2-氯-6-甲基吡啶-4-基)-甲醇。
2.2 首先将1.14克(2-氯-6-甲基吡啶-4-基)甲醇加入到50毫升甲苯中,在冰冷却下慢慢地滴加入1.05毫升亚硫酰氯,将混合物在回流下沸腾过夜。冷却后,除去溶剂,得到2-氯-4-氯甲基-6-甲基吡啶,为棕色油状物(1.1g)。
2.3 将213毫克2-氯-4-氯甲基-6-甲基吡啶和250毫克3-(4-氨基丁基)-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈在乙腈中混合。向其中加入276毫克碳酸钾和约3毫克碘化钾。将混合物在回流下沸腾过夜。冷却混合物,然后除去溶剂。然后加入20毫升水和20毫升乙酸乙酯。
经常规后处理得到褐色残余物(0.4克)。
通过闪式层析进行纯化(洗脱液:CH2Cl2/MeOH 97∶3),得到150毫克3-{4-[(2-氯-6-甲基吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-ESI-MS(M+H)+353.
实施例3
3-{4-[(喹啉-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈的制备:
将126毫克喹啉-3-甲醛和200毫克3-(4-氨基丁基)-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈在5毫升1,2-二氯-乙烷和2.5毫升THF的混合物中混合。加入55mg冰醋酸,并将混合物在室温下搅拌3小时。然后加入380毫克NaB(OAc)3,并在RT下持续搅拌2天。将饱和NaHCO3溶液加入到批料中,用乙酸乙酯提取两次,用Na2SO4干燥,过滤并在旋转蒸发器中蒸发。在Flash-Master中用EE/MeOH作为洗脱液色谱纯化,得到73毫克目标产物,HPLC-MS(M+H)+355.
可以类似地得到下面的化合物:
3-{4-[(喹啉-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+355;
3-{4-[(喹啉-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+355.
实施例4
按类似于实施例1的方式得到下面的化合物:
3-{4-[(吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,二盐酸盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+305;
3-{4-[(吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,二盐酸盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+305;
3-{4-[(吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,二盐酸盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+305;
3-(4-{[5-(4-氟苯基)吡啶-3-基甲基]氨基}丁基)-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+399;
3-[4-(2-吡啶-4-基乙氨基]丁基]-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+319;
3-{4-[(2,6-二氯吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基)丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+373;
3-{4-[(2-氯吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+339;
3-{4-[(2-甲基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+318;
3-{4-[(6-氯吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,二-TFA盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+339;
3-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯氧基)吡啶-3-基甲基]氨基}丁基)-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,TFA盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+431;
3-{4-[(2-甲硫基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,TFA盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+351;
3-{4-[(2,5-二氯吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,二TFA盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+374;
3-{4-[(2,6-二氯吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,二-TFA盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+374;
3-{4-[(5-甲基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,二-TFA盐,HPLC-MS(M+H)+318;
3-{4-[(6-三氟甲基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+373;
3-{4-[(4-苯基吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+381;
3-{4-[(4-苯基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+381;
3-{4-[(5-氰基-6-甲硫基吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+376;
3-{4-[(5-苯基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+381;
3-{4-[(5-苯基吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+381;
3-[4-(甲基吡啶-3-基甲基氨基)丁基]-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,HPLC-MS(M+H)+319.
下列的实施例涉及药物组合物:
实施例A:注射小瓶
将100克式I的活性组分和5克磷酸氢二钠的溶液在3L二次蒸馏水中用2N盐酸调节pH值至6.5,无菌过滤,转换到注射小瓶中,在无菌条件下冷冻干燥并在无菌条件下密封。每个注射小瓶含有5毫克活性组分。
实施例B:栓剂
将20克式I的活性化合物与100克大豆磷脂和1400克可可脂的混合物融化,倒入模具中并冷却。每个栓剂含有20毫克活性组分。
实施例C:溶液
制备1g式I的活性化合物、9.38克NaH2PO4·2H2O、28.48克Na2HPO4.12H2O和0.1g苯扎氯铵在940毫升重蒸水中的溶液。将pH值调节至6.8,加至1L,并通过照射灭菌。此溶液可以滴眼剂的形式使用。
实施例D:油膏剂
将500毫克式I的活性组分与99.5克凡士林在无菌条件下混合。
实施例E:片剂
将1千克式I的活性组分、4千克乳糖、1.2千克马铃薯淀粉、0.2千克滑石粉和0.1千克硬脂酸镁的混合物以常规方式压片得到每片含有10毫克活性组分的片剂。
实施例F:糖衣片剂
按照类似于实施例E的方法压制片剂,随后以常规方式用蔗糖、马铃薯淀粉、滑石粉、黄蓍胶和染料的涂层加以包衣。
实施例G:胶囊
以常规方式将2千克式I的活性组分加入到硬胶囊中,使每个胶囊中含有20毫克活性组分。
实施例H:安瓿剂
将1千克式I的活性组分的60L重蒸水溶液进行无菌过滤,转移到安瓿中,在无菌条件下冷冻干燥并在无菌条件下密封。每个安瓿中含有10毫克活性组分。
实施例I:吸入喷雾剂
将14克式I的活性组分溶于10L等渗的NaCl溶液中,并用泵机械装置将溶液转换入可商业购买的喷雾容器中。溶液能够被喷入口或鼻子中。一次喷射(约0.1毫升)相当于约0.14毫克的剂量。
Claims (22)
1.式I的化合物
其中
X表示
Y表示H或A′
R1,R1′每个各自独立地表示H,A,OH,OA,CN,Hal,COR4或CH2R4,
R2表示H,A,Hal,OH,OA,SA,COOH,COOA′,CHO,COA′,SO2A′,NH2,NHA,NA2,CH2NA2,NHCOA,NHCOAr,NHCOOA,NHSO2A,NHSO2Ar,CH2NHSO2A,NHCONH2,NHCONHA,NHCONA2,NHCONHAr,CONH2,CONHA,CONA2,SO2NH2,SO2NHA,SO2NA2,CH2SO2NH2,CH2SO2NHA,CH2SO2NA2,[C(R4R4′)]pCN,[C(R4R4′)]pCF3,[C(R4R4′)]pCOR4,[C(R4R4′)]pAr,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R3表示H,A,[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-,-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-或-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-,其中1或2个CH和/或CH2单元可以被N取代,和/或1、2、3或4个H原子可以被下列基团取代:Hal,A,OH,OA,NH2,NO2,CN,COOH,COOA,CONH2,NHCOA,NHCONH2,NHSO2A,CHO,COA,SO2NH2或S(O)oA,-O-CH2-O-或-O-CH2-CH2-O-,
R4,R4′每个各自独立地表示H,A,OH,OA,NH2,NHA,NA2或NHCOOA′,
Ar表示苯基、萘基或联苯基,它们中的每个是未被取代的或被下列基团单、二或三取代的:Hal,A,OH,OA,NH2,NO2,CN,COOH,COOA,CONH2,NHCOA,NHCONH2,NHSO2A,CHO,COA,SO2NH2或S(O)oA,
Het表示具有1至4个N、O和/或S原子的饱和、不饱和或芳香的单或双环杂环,其可以是未取代的或被下列基团单、二或三取代:羰基氧,=S,=NH,Hal,A,-(CH2)o-Ar,-(CH2)o-环烷基,-(CH2)o-OH,-(CH2)o-NH2,NO2,CN,-(CH2)o-COOH,-(CH2)o-COOA,-(CH2)o-CONH2,-(CH2)o-NHCOA,NHCONH2,-(CH2)o-NHSO2A,CHO,COA′,SO2NH2和/或S(O)oA,
A表示具有1-10个C原子的直链或支链烷基,其中一或两个CH2基团可以被-CH=CH-基团替代,和/或1-7个H原子还可以被F和/或Cl替代,
A′表示具有1至6个C原子的烷基或苄基,
Hal表示F,Cl,Br或I和
m表示2,3,4,5或6
n表示1,2,3或4,
o表示0,1或2,
p表示0,1,2,3,4,5或6,
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
2.按照权利要求1的化合物,其中
R1表示CN或F,
R1′表示H,
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
3.按照权利要求1或2的化合物,其中
R4,R4′表示H
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体、包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
4.按照权利要求1-3的一项或多项的化合物,其中
R2表示H,Hal,A,SA,CN,CONH2,COOA′,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr,[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R3表示H,A,Hal或CN,
R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-,
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
5.按照权利要求1-4的一项或多项的化合物,其中
Het表示苯并吡喃-2-酮基,噻吩基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吲哚基,呋喃基,吡咯基,异噁唑基,咪唑基,噻唑基,三唑基,四唑基,喹啉基或异喹啉基,其中每个是未取代的或被Hal或COOA′单取代的,
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
6.按照权利要求1-5的一项或多项的化合物,其中
Ar表示未取代的或被Hal单、二或三取代的苯基,
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
7.按照权利要求1-6的一项或多项的化合物,其中
X表示
R1表示CN或F,
R1′表示H,
R2表示H,Hal,A,SA,CN,CONH2,COOA′,-O-[C(R4R4′)]pAr,[C(R4R4′)]pAr或[C(R4R4′)]pHet,
R3表示H,A,Hal或CN,
R2和R3还一起表示-CH=CH-CH=CH-,
Het表示苯并吡喃-2-酮基,噻吩基,吡啶基,嘧啶基,吲哚基,呋喃基,吡咯基,异噁唑基,咪唑基,噻唑基,三唑基,四唑基,喹啉基或异喹啉基,其中每个是未取代的或被Hal或COOA′单取代的,
Ar表示未取代的或被Hal单、二或三取代的苯基:
p表示0或1,
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
10.按照权利要求1的化合物:
3-{4-[(5-溴吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-(4-{[5-(4-氟苯基)-吡啶-3-基甲基]氨基}丁基)-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(喹啉-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-[4-(2-吡啶-4-基乙氨基]丁基]-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(2,6-二氯吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(2-氯-6-甲基吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(2-氯吡啶-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(2-甲基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(6-氯吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-(4-{[2-(4-氯苯氧基)吡啶-3-基甲基]氨基}丁基)-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(2-甲硫基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(2,5-二氯吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(2,6-二氯吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(5-甲基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(6-三氟甲基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(喹啉-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(4-苯基吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(喹啉-4-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(4-苯基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(5-氰基-6-甲硫基吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(5-苯基吡啶-3-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-{4-[(5-苯基吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基]丁基}-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
3-[4-(甲基吡啶-3-基甲基氨基)丁基]-1H-吲哚-5-甲腈,
和其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物。
12.按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和其生理学可接受的盐或其溶剂化物作为5HT1A和/或5HT1D激动剂和作为5-HT再摄取的抑制剂。
13.包含至少一种按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物、和任选的赋形剂和/或助剂的药物。
14.包含至少一种按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物、和至少一种其它药物活性组分的药物。
15.按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物,用于制备药物的用途。
16.按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物,用于制备抵御与血清素神经传递介质系统有关并且其中涉及高亲合性血清素受体(5-HT1A受体)和/或5-HT1D受体的疾病的药物的用途。
17.按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物,用于制备抗焦虑药、抗抑郁药、抗精神病药和/或抗高血压药的药物的用途。
18.按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物,用于制备抵御下列疾病的药物的用途:精神病,阿尔茨海默氏病的病征,病理性的焦虑状态,过度兴奋,机能亢进,孩子和少年的注意力病症,严重的发育病症和具有智力迟钝的社会行为,抑郁,狭义(OCD)和广义(OCSD)的强迫性病症,性机能障碍,睡眠障碍和营养吸收方面的病症,和作为老年痴呆和阿尔茨海默类型痴呆一部分的精神病学病症,用于降低认知能力的缺陷,或用于脑梗塞(脑中风)的预防和控制,用于治疗锥体束外的运动原疾病,用于治疗在用常规帕金森药物治疗锥体束外运动原疾病的过程中出现的副作用,或用于治疗由抗精神病药导致的锥体束外的病征(EPS)。
19.按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物,用于制备抵御精神分裂症药物的用途。
20.按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体,包括其以所有比例存在的混合物,用于制备抵御神经变性疾病的药物的用途。
21.按照权利要求20的用途,其中的疾病是羽扇豆中毒,阿尔茨海默氏病,帕金森病和享延顿舞蹈病。
22.由下列的分开包装物组成的药物组合(试剂盒):
(a)有效量的按照权利要求1至10的一项或多项的式I的化合物和/或其药学可用的衍生物、溶剂化物和立体异构体、包括其以所有比例存在的混合物,和
(b)有效量的其它药物活性组分。
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US9221779B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2015-12-29 | Ramot At Tel-Aviv University Ltd. | Serotonin reuptake inhibitors as drugs having peripheral-system-restricted activity |
US9278947B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2016-03-08 | Ramot At Tel-Aviv University Ltd. | Serotonin reuptake inhibitors as drugs having peripheral-system-restricted activity |
CN111689944A (zh) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-22 | 中山大学 | 喹啉色胺杂联体及其在制备治疗阿尔茨海默病的药物中的应用 |
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JP5281287B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-13 | 2013-09-04 | Msd株式会社 | ヘテロ環置換ベンズイミダゾール誘導体 |
CN104725359B (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2017-05-03 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | 取代的哌嗪化合物及其使用方法和用途 |
US10316025B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2019-06-11 | Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd. | Substituted piperazine compounds and methods of use and use thereof |
SI3762368T1 (sl) | 2018-03-08 | 2022-06-30 | Incyte Corporation | Aminopirazin diolne spojine kot zaviralci PI3K-y |
US11046658B2 (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2021-06-29 | Incyte Corporation | Aminopyrazine derivatives as PI3K-γ inhibitors |
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FR2614022B1 (fr) * | 1987-04-15 | 1989-12-01 | Roussel Uclaf | Nouveaux derives 17-aza de 20,21-dinoreburnamenine, leur procede de preparation et les nouveaux intermediaires ainsi obtenus, leur application comme medicaments et ces compositions les renfermant |
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US9221779B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2015-12-29 | Ramot At Tel-Aviv University Ltd. | Serotonin reuptake inhibitors as drugs having peripheral-system-restricted activity |
US9278947B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2016-03-08 | Ramot At Tel-Aviv University Ltd. | Serotonin reuptake inhibitors as drugs having peripheral-system-restricted activity |
CN111689944A (zh) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-22 | 中山大学 | 喹啉色胺杂联体及其在制备治疗阿尔茨海默病的药物中的应用 |
CN111689944B (zh) * | 2020-06-10 | 2021-11-16 | 中山大学 | 喹啉色胺杂联体及其在制备治疗阿尔茨海默病的药物中的应用 |
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ES2271697T3 (es) | 2007-04-16 |
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