CN1703220A - 用于治疗阿尔茨海默氏病的双结合位点乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂 - Google Patents
用于治疗阿尔茨海默氏病的双结合位点乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1703220A CN1703220A CNA2003801012523A CN200380101252A CN1703220A CN 1703220 A CN1703220 A CN 1703220A CN A2003801012523 A CNA2003801012523 A CN A2003801012523A CN 200380101252 A CN200380101252 A CN 200380101252A CN 1703220 A CN1703220 A CN 1703220A
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Abstract
一族式(I)的化合物,其中:X是下列基团之一:它起双位点乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂的作用和它特别用于治疗认知障碍如老年性痴呆,脑血管性痴呆,轻度认知损伤,注意缺损障碍,和/或带有异常蛋白聚集的神经变性痴呆症,如特别是阿尔茨海默氏病,帕金森病,ALS,或朊病毒病,如克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病或格-施-沙病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新的一族化合物,其起双位点乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂的作用,本发明还涉及所述该族化合物的合成和生物评估。这些化合物特别用于治疗认知障碍如老年性痴呆,脑血管性痴呆,轻度认知损伤,注意缺损障碍,和/或带有异常蛋白聚集的神经变性痴呆症,如特别是阿尔茨海默氏病,帕金森病,ALS,或朊病毒病,如克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病或格-施-沙病。
因此,本发明还涉及含有所述化合物的药物组合物。
背景技术
阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)是进行性神经变性病症,它是老年人精神衰退的最常见的原因之一,占65岁以上人中所有痴呆病例的约50-60%。人口统计学数据表明人群中老年人的百分比正在增加。
与高级心理功能相关的大脑区域,特别是新皮质和海马,最受AD特征病理学的影响。这包括老年斑中β-淀粉样蛋白(来源于淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白,APP)的胞外沉积,神经纤维缠结(含有异常磷酸化形式的微管相关蛋白,tau)的胞内形成,和神经元突触和锥形神经元的损失。
过去二十年已经见证致力于发现AD起因、最终希望开发安全和有效的药物治疗的大量研究努力。如今,表征AD的病理学级联知识方面的研究已经为新的治疗干预目标提供了坚实的构架。
然而,该疾病当前的治疗方法依旧主要是根据症状的,主要的治疗策略基于胆碱能假说和特别是乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制。这些化合物的成功开发是基于普遍接受的理论,即与AD相关认知和心理功能的衰退与皮质胆碱能神经传递的损失相关。基底-皮质系统(basal-cortical system)中的胆碱能功能障碍和认知缺陷之间这种联系已经集中了科学努力,以开发阐明胆碱能系统在认知中的神经生物学作用和阐明疾病治疗干预的工具。结果,在过去十年中,AD的胆碱能假说已经向市场投放各种胆碱能药物,主要是AChE抑制剂如他克林、多奈哌齐或利凡斯的明,更近有加兰他敏,显示阿尔茨海默氏病患者认知功能的适度改善。
他克林 多奈哌齐
利凡斯的明 加兰他敏
通过x-射线结晶学测定的AChE的三维结构揭示只有通过一个深且窄的催化峡谷(gorge)才可以抵达其活性位点。AChE的抑制剂作用于酶的两个靶位点,活性位点和外周位点。针对活性位点的抑制剂通过用高亲和力分子占据位点(他克林)或通过与催化丝氨酸不可逆地反应(有机磷酸酯和氨基甲酸酯类)来抑制底物分子的结合,或其水解。外周位点由轮廓较不分明的、位于催化峡谷入口处的区域组成。与该位点结合的抑制剂包括小分子,如丙锭和肽毒素如成束蛋白(fasciculin)。Bisquaternary抑制剂如十烷双胺及其它,同时与活性位点和外周位点结合,由此占据整个催化峡谷。
与抗痴呆药的开发平行,研究努力已经集中在尤其是AChE抑制剂延缓疾病进展的治疗潜能。该事实是基于各种各样的证据,它们显示AChE具有第二种非胆碱能的功能。
新证据显示AChE可以对神经元分化直接作用。AChE在胚胎发生期间大脑中的瞬时表达提示AChE可能在神经突长出的调节中和在轴突管的发育中起作用。另外,还研究了AChE在细胞粘附中的作用。结果表明AChE通过细胞粘附作用促进成神经细胞瘤细胞系中的神经突长出。此外,近来研究显示AChE的外周阴离子位点涉及该酶的神经营养活性,推断AChE的粘附功能定位于外周的阴离子位点。该发现不仅对于我们理解神经元发育及其病症,而且对于治疗成神经细胞瘤、白血病和特别是对于阿尔茨海默氏病具有意义。
如以上已经提到,老年斑是AD的一种病理标志,它们的主要组分是βA肽。发现这是一种聚集的难溶形式。相比之下,据鉴定可溶性βA在人体液中正常循环。βA的结构研究显示含有βA序列1-40和1-42的合成肽可以在溶液中采取两种主要构象状态:成淀粉样蛋白(amyloidogenic)构象异构体(βA ac),其β-折叠含量高和部分抗蛋白酶,以及非成淀粉样蛋白(non-amyloidogenic)构象异构体(βA nac),其具有无规卷曲构象或α-螺旋和对蛋白酶敏感。AChE与阿尔茨海默氏病患者大脑中存在的βA肽沉积物共定位。推测AChE与βA nac形式结合,起“病理伴侣”的作用和体外诱导从βA nac至βA ac的构象的转变和因此淀粉样蛋白纤丝。AChE直接促进βA肽向淀粉样蛋白纤丝的组装,形成稳定的βA-AChE复合体。这些复合体能够改变酶的生化和药理性能,导致βA纤丝的神经毒性增加。此外,通过交联实验证实这两种分子之间相互作用形成复合体。有关确定Aβ上AChE的结合位点的不同研究提示疏水相互作用可能在稳定βA-AChE复合体中起作用,可能是由于与外周位点特异性结合。
考虑到胆碱能酶AChE的非胆碱能方面,它们与阿尔茨海默氏病标志的关系和AChE的外周位点在所有这些功能中的作用,设计新的抗痴呆药物的有吸引力的靶出现了。AChE外周或双位点抑制剂可以同时减轻阿尔茨海默氏病患者的认知缺陷,更重要的是,避免了β-淀粉样蛋白的组装,其代表了一种延缓神经变性过程的新途径。
如AChE和它们的抑制剂的复合体的晶体结构所揭示,AChE活性位点包含位于深且窄的峡谷的底部的催化三联体(Ser 200,His 440,Glu 327),其与芳族残基成行,和位于接近腔底部的、包括Trp 84的亚位点(subsite)。已经鉴定Trp 84是乙酰胆碱、十烷双胺和腾喜龙的四级基团的结合位点。另外,位于峡谷开口处的、外周位点处的Trp 279参与负责酶粘附功能的十烷双胺的第二个四级基团的结合。
这些残基(Trp 84和279)已经是设计新一代AChE抑制剂的基础。因此,能够同时与活性位点和外周位点相互作用的配体可暗含相对于已知抑制剂的几个优势。一方面,它们可以极大地改善抑制效力,另一方面,它们可以涉及神经营养活性。参考附图。
附图简述
该图是AChE的催化峡谷的模型。
已经综述根据它们的化学结构可以归类为双重AChE抑制剂的衍生物,参见Castro,A.;Martinez,A.Mini Rev.Med.Chem.,2001,1,267-272。其中报道的一种化合物,双-加兰他敏抑制剂,近来被分子模拟技术描述为AChE的双功能配体,参见Luttmann,E.;Linnemann,E.;Fels,G.J.Mol.Model.,2002,8,208-216。
下列化合物也可以归类为双重AChE抑制剂:
特别是,美国专利6,194,403描述了用于治疗阿尔茨海默氏病的双-卤代-他克林基烷类(tacrinylalkanes)。
发明概述
我们将该新概念应用于双重AChE抑制剂的设计,以便获得显示有效的AChE抑制活性以及β-淀粉样蛋白聚集性质改变的化合物。
具体地,在广泛研究后,我们已经开发新的一族化合物,其显示有效的AChE抑制活性以及改变的β-淀粉样蛋白聚集性质。
本发明公开了新的一族化合物,其起双位点乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂的作用,本发明还涉及所述该族化合物的合成和生物评估。这些化合物特别用于治疗认知障碍如老年性痴呆,脑血管性痴呆,轻度认知损伤,注意缺损障碍,和/或带有异常蛋白聚集的神经变性痴呆症,如特别是阿尔茨海默氏病,帕金森病,ALS,或朊病毒病,如克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病或格-施-沙病。本发明还涉及包含所述化合物的药物组合物。
发明详述
本发明涉及由通式I表示的化合物
式I
其中:
X是下列基团之一:
L独立地选自-C(R)(R”)-,-CO-,-O-或-NR’-
n为0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10
R和R”独立地选自氢,烷基,芳基,杂芳基,卤素,卤代烷基,烷氧基,羟基,硝基和烷硫基
D独立地选自-C(R9)-,=C-,或-N-
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A7,A8,B1,B2,B3,B4,B5,B6,B7,B8,G和E独立地选自-CO-,-C(R10)(R11)-,=C(R10)-,-N(R12)-,=N-,-O-,-S(O)t-
R1,R2,R3,R4,R9,R10和R11独立地选自氢,烷基,烷氧基,羟基,烷硫基,环烷基,卤代烷基,卤素,芳基,-(Z)n-,芳基,杂芳基,-O(R7),-C(O)R7,-C(O)OR7,-S(O)t,氰基,硝基和巯基,被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的芳基;和被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的杂芳基
R5,R6,和R12独立地选自氢,烷基,烷氧基,羟基,环烷基,卤代烷基,芳基,杂芳基,被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、或烷硫基取代的芳基;和被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的杂芳基
Z独立地选自-C(R7)(R8)-,-C(O)-,-O-,-C(=NR7)-,-S(O)t,N(R7)-
R7和R8独立地选自氢,烷基,烷氧基,烷硫基,环烷基,卤代烷基,卤素,芳基,杂芳基,氰基,硝基,巯基,被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的芳基;和被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的杂芳基
t为0,1或2。
通常,我们附带条件即当X是:
a)组A1-A4,A5-A8,B1-B4,和B5-B8中的每个原子决不能同时为=C(R10)-,和
b)两个组A1-A4和A5-A8之一中的每个原子,和两个组B1-B4和B5-B8之一中的每个原子决不能同时为=C(R10)-。
在相关方面,本发明涉及属于式(I)并且由通式Ia和IIa表示的化合物:
Ia IIa
其中:
X是-C(R1a)(R2a)-,-CO-,-O-或-NR1a-;
n为0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10;
R1a和R2a独立地选自氢,烷基,芳基,卤素,卤代烷基;
R3a,R4a和R5a独立地选自氢,烷基,环烷基,卤代烷基,卤素,芳基,-(Z)n-芳基,杂芳基,-OR3a,-C(O)R3a,-C(O)OR3a,-S(O)t-;
t为0,1或2;
Z独立地选自C(R3a)(R4a)-,-C(O)-,-O-,-C(=NR3a)-,-S(O)t-,N(R3a)-。
定义
除非另外说明,下列术语具有下列含义:
“烷基”是指直链或支链烃链,仅含有碳和氢并且不含不饱和键,含有1-8个碳原子并且通过单键与分子其余部分结合,例如甲基,乙基,正丙基,异丙基,正丁基,叔丁基,正戊基,等等。烷基基团可以任选地被一个或多个取代基取代,所述取代基独立地选自卤素,羟基,烃氧基金属(alcoxides),羧基,氰基,羰基,酰基,烷氧基羰基,氨基,硝基,巯基和烷硫基。优选地,烷基是C1-C6烷基。
“烷氧基”是指式-ORa的基团,其中Ra是如上所述的烷基基团,例如甲氧基,乙氧基,丙氧基等。
“烷氧羰基”是指式-C(O)ORa的基团,其中Ra是如上所述的烷基基团,例如甲氧羰基,乙氧羰基,丙氧羰基等。
“烷硫基”是指式-SRa的基团,其中Ra是如上所述的烷基基团,例如甲硫基,乙硫基,丙硫基等。
“氨基”是指式-NH2的基团。
“芳基”是指苯基或萘基基团。芳基基团可以任选地被一个或多个取代基所取代,所述取代基选自羟基,巯基,卤素,烷基,苯基,烷氧基,卤代烷基,硝基,氰基,二烷基氨基,氨基烷基,酰基和烷氧羰基,它们如本文所定义。
“酰基”是指式-C(O)-Ra和-C(O)-Rb的基团,其中Ra是如上所述的烷基基团,Rb是如上定义的芳基,例如乙酰基,丙酰基,苯甲酰基和类似基团。
“羧基”是指式-C(O)OH的基团。
“氰基”是指式-CN的基团。
“环烷基”是指3-10元单环或二环的稳定环,其为饱和或部分饱和,并且完全由碳和氢原子组成。该术语还包括可任选地被一个或多个取代基取代的环烷基基团,所述取代基独立地选自烷基,卤素,羟基,氨基,氰基,硝基,烷氧基,羧基和烷氧羰基。
“卤素”是指溴,氯,碘或氟。
“卤代烷基”是指被一个或多个如以上定义的卤素取代的也如上定义的烷基,例如三氟甲基,三氯甲基,2,2,2-三氟乙基,1-氟甲基-2-氟乙基,和类似基团。
“杂环”是指杂环基团。杂环是指3-15元的稳定环,包含碳原子和1-5个选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子。为了本发明的目的,杂环可以是单环,二环或三环体系,可以包括稠合环,氮、碳或硫原子可以任选地被氧化,氮原子可以任选地被季铵化,杂环可以是部分或完全饱和的或芳族的。这些杂环的实例包括但不限于氮杂(azepines),苯并咪唑,苯并噻唑,呋喃,异噻唑,咪唑,吲哚,哌啶,哌嗪,嘌呤,喹啉,噻二唑,四氢呋喃。杂环可任选地被发明概述中定义的R3和R4所取代。
“巯基”是指式-SH的基团。
“硝基”是指式-NO2的基团。
在链-(L)n-(L)n-(L)n-(L)n-(L)n-中,每个基团-(L)n-优选为-(CH2)n-(其中n不为0),-CO- -NH-或-NCH3-。优选存在至少一个或两个其中n不为0的基团-(L)n-。适当地该链是式-(CH2)n-,-(CH2)n-NRa-(CH2)n-,-(CH2)n-NRa-CO-,-(CH2)n-NRa-CO-(CH2)n-或-(CH2)n-NRa-(CH2)n-NRa-CO-,其中每个n不为0,每个Ra是-NH-或-NCH3-,通常优选-NH-。n整数的总和优选在2-15的范围内。
在下式中:
每个A基团(即A1至A8)优选为=CH-或-CH2-,尽管当其余A基团为=CH-时,A2和A7之一或两个可以是卤素,特别是氯。
本发明的优选化合物是其中X是由下式表示的那些:
优选D为-CH-,=C-或-N-。优选E为-CO-,-CH2-,=CH-,=N- -O-或-S-。优选G是-CO-,-CH2-=CH-,或=N-。优选R1至R4是氢。
在这些化合物中特别优选其中X是以下各项的那些:邻苯二甲酰亚胺基(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基),吲哚-2-基,2,3-二氢-1-茚酮-2-基,苯并咪唑-2-基,2,3-二氢-1,3-茚二酮-2-基(indandion-2-yl),吲唑-2-基,苯并呋喃-2-基,苯并噻吩-2-基或苯并三唑-2-基。
更优选的化合物是其中X为邻苯二甲酰亚胺基(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基),和式I的环状部分表示9-吖啶基、1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基或6-氯,1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基的那些。一些优选的化合物是:
-2-[6-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(6),
-2-[7-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(7),
-2-[8-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(8),
-2-[9-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(9),
-N-[7-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺(10),
-N-(3-{[3-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-丙基]-甲基-氨基}-丙基)-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺(11),
-N-[6-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基]-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺(12),
-2-[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己氨基]-2,3-二氢-茚-1,3-二酮(3),
-2-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(4),和
-2-[8-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(5)。
更优选的化合物是其中X是1-2,3-二氢-1-茚酮-2-基,和式I的环状部分表示1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基的那些;在这些化合物中尤其包括下列化合物:
-5,6-二甲氧基-2-{[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基氨基]-甲基}-2,3-二氢-茚-1-酮(1),和
-5,6-二甲氧基-2-{[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基氨基]-甲基}-2,3-二氢-茚-1-酮(2)
在其中X是由下式表示的那些化合物中:
每个B基团(即B1至B8)优选为=CH-或-CH2-,尽管当其余的B基团是=CH-时,B2和B7之一或两者可以是卤素,特别是氯。优选的化合物是其中X是9-吖啶基,6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基和1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基的那些。在这些化合物中更优选其中式I的环状部分表示9-吖啶基,6氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基或1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基的那些;这些化合物中尤其包括下列化合物:
-N-[2-(6-氯-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-六氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-N-甲基-乙烷-1,2-二胺(19),
-N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-壬烷-1,9-二胺(20)
-N-吖啶-9-基-N′-[2-(1,2,3,4,4a,9a-六氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N′-甲基-乙烷-1,2-二胺(21),
-N-[2-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-N-甲基-乙烷-1,2-二胺(22),
-N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-庚烷-1,7-二胺(23),和
-N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-辛烷-1,8-二胺(24)。
在其中X由下式表示的化合物中:
基团R5和R6适当地为烷基或取代的烷基,特别是烷氧羰基烷基。优选的化合物是其中式I的环状部分表示9-吖啶基,6-氯,1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基或1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基的那些;在这些化合物中尤其包括下列化合物:
-2-乙基-4-异丙基-5-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基-亚氨基(iminio)]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(13),
-2-乙基-4-异丙基-5-[9-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(14),
-4-异丙基-3-氧代-5-[9-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-2-羧酸乙酯(15),
-4-乙基-2-丙基-5-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(16),
-4-乙基-2-异丙基-5-[8-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(17),和
-4-乙基-2-异丙基-5-[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(18)。
本发明另一目的是合成本发明的化合物。
化合物的合成遵照会聚的(convergent)路线策略,其可以在反应路线1a,1b,2和3中总结。
反应路线1a
反应路线1b
反应路线2
反应路线3
按照先前在参考文献Carlier,P.R.;Chow.E.S.-H;Han,Y.;Liu,J.;ElYazal,J.;Pang Y.-P.J.Med.Chem.,1999,42,4225-4231中报导的方法合成9-烷基氨基四氢吖啶。
具体的实施例如下:
实施例1.5,6-二甲氧基-2-{[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)庚基氨基]-甲基}-2,3-二氢-茚-1-酮
在室温下向9-(7-氨基庚基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(134mg,0.43mmol)在乙醇∶水3∶1(3.5ml)的混合物中的搅拌溶液加入低聚甲醛(26mg,0.86mmol)和5,6-二甲氧基-2,3-二氢-茚-1-酮(83mg,0.43mmol)。用35%盐酸将pH调整至3,将混合物回流24小时。在该时期结束时,冷却反应混合物(25℃),在真空压力下去除溶剂,用K2CO3饱和溶液(3.5ml)和二氯甲烷(5ml)处理残渣。用水(5ml)洗涤有机层并干燥(无水Na2SO4)。真空下去除溶剂,通过制备性离心薄层色谱法纯化残渣。用含有1%氨水的5∶1乙酸乙酯∶甲醇洗脱提供标题化合物,为黄色淤浆(15mg,6.8%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):7.93(dd,2H,J=8.2Hz),7.53(ddd,,1H,J=8.2,1.3Hz),7.32(ddd,,1H,J=8.2,1.3Hz),7.13(s,1H),6.85(s,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),3.48(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.28-3.19(m,1H),3.10-3.05(m,2H),2.89-2.56(m,9H),1.91-1.88(m,4H),1.63(quint,2H,J=7.5Hz),1.50-1.37(m,2H),1.34-1.32(m,6H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):203.0,155.9,151.3,149.7,149.6,129.6,128.8,128.4,123.9,123.2,107.6,104.4,56.5,56.4,51.5,50.1,49.7,33.9,31.9,31.6,30.0,29.5,27.4,27.1,27.0,24.9,23.2,22.9.
ESI-MS:m/z[M+H+]+516.
实施例2.5,6-二甲氧基-2-{[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基氨基]-甲基}-2,3-二氢-茚-1-酮
按照实施例1的通用方法,将9-(6-氨基己基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(96mg,0.32mmol),低聚甲醛(19mg,0.64mmol),5,6-二甲氧基-2,3-二氢-茚-1-酮(62mg,0.32mmol)和35%盐酸(pH=3)回流24小时。通过两次制备性离心薄层色谱法纯化,用含有2%氨水的10∶1乙酸乙酯∶甲醇纯化,提供标题化合物,为黄色淤浆(8mg,5%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):7.97(dd,2H,J=8.1Hz),7.56(ddd,,1H,J=8.1,1.2Hz),7.34(ddd,,1H,J=8.2,1.2Hz),7.13(s,1H),6.85(s,1H),3.94(s,3H),3.88(s,3H),3.55(t,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.30-3.19(m,1H),3.10-3.07(m,2H),2.90-2.60(m,7H),1.89-1.68(m,4H),1.40-1.35(m,2H),1.28-1.11(m,6H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):207.1,155.7,151.2,149.4,149.3,129.3,128.7,128.3,123.8,123.0,107.4,104.2,56.3,56.1,51.3,49.7,49.4,47.3,31.6,31.3,29.7,27.0,24.6,22.9,22.5.
ESI-MS:m/z[M+H+]+502.
实施例3.2-[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基氨基]-2,3-二氢-茚-1,3-二酮
在室温下向草酸(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-己烷-1,6-二胺(339mg,0.87mmol)在乙醇∶水3∶1(3.5ml)的混合物中的搅拌溶液加入低聚甲醛(26.4mg,0.88mmol)和2,3-二氢-茚-1,3-二酮(129mg,0.88mmol)。用35%盐酸将pH调整至3,将混合物回流24小时。在该时期结束时,冷却反应混合物(25℃),在真空压力下去除溶剂,用K2CO3饱和溶液(3.5ml)和二氯甲烷(5ml)处理残渣。用水(5ml)洗涤有机层并干燥(无水Na2SO4)。真空下去除溶剂,通过制备性离心薄层色谱法纯化残渣。用含有1%氨水的10∶1至3∶1的乙酸乙酯∶甲醇洗脱提供标题化合物,为黄色淤浆(17mg,4.4%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δ):7.92(m,4H),7.84(dd,2H,J=6,J=2.8,Hz),7.54(m,1H),7.32(m,1H),3.70(t,2H,J=6.4),3.60(m 1H),3.50(t,2H,J=6.4),3.08(m,2H),2.65(m,2H),31.8-2.0(m,4H),(1.80,2H,m),(1.70,m,2H),(1.45,m,4H)
13C-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):200.0,159.0,151.3,147.1,140.6,136.8,136.1,130.5,129.9,123.6,123.0,120.8,120.4,53.1,52.9,49.3,48.9,31.4,29.8,26.7,26.4,24.7,22.6,22.0.
ESI-MS:m/z [M+H+]+442.
合成异吲哚衍生物的通用方法(反应路线4,实施例4-9)
在N2下向KOH的DMSO溶液中加入9-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶,室温下搅拌混合物4小时。在该时间后加入溴化的烷基异吲哚衍生物,室温下搅拌获得的橙色溶液12小时,然后去除溶剂用水洗涤和用乙酸乙酯萃取。用NaCl溶液洗涤合并的有机萃取液,然后用无水Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸发溶剂,通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残渣,对每种情形使用适当比例的溶剂混合物作为洗脱剂。
按照先前在参考文献Donahoe等,J.Org.Chem,22,1957,68中报导的方法合成溴化的烷基异吲哚衍生物。
反应路线4
实施例4.2-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮
试剂:9-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(100mg,0.42mmol),DMSO(5ml),KOH(47mg,0.8mmol),和2-(7-溴-庚基)-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(278mg,0.8mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(10∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:17mg(5%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.41(brs,1H),8.12(d,1H,J=8.6Hz),7.82(dd,2H,J=5.0Hz,J=2.7Hz),7.68(dd,3H,J=5.0Hz,J=2.7Hz),7.43(t,1H,J=8.6Hz),3.83(brs,2H),3.65(t,2H,J=7Hz),3.25(brs,2H),2.61(t,2H,J=5.8Hz),1.97-1.92(m,4H),1.84-1.80(m,2H),1.78-1.72(m,2H),1.47-1.43(m,6H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):168.5,166.5,154.0,133.8,132.5,132.0,131.2,128.9,125.3,124.1,123.3,119.3,54.6,49.1,38.5,29.7,29.2,28.4,28.2,26.5,25.2,23.4,22.9,22.5,22.1,21.1,14.4.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+443.
实施例5.2-[8-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮
试剂:9-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(100mg,0.42mmol),DMSO(5ml),KOH(47mg,0.8mmol),和2-(8-溴-辛基)-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(240mg,0.8mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(10∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:30mg(15%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.43(brs,1H),8.12(d,1H,J=8.6Hz),7.82(dd,2H,J=5.0Hz,J=2.7Hz),7.68(dd,3H,J=5.0Hz,J=2.7Hz),7.43(t,1H,J=8.6Hz),3.83(brs,2H),3.65(t,2H,J=7Hz),3.25(brs,2H),2.61(t,2H,J=5.8Hz),1.97-1.92(m,4H),1.84-1.80(m,2H),1.78-1.72(m,2H),1.47-1.43(m,8H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):168.6,166.2,154.2,134.1,132.6,132.3,131.0,129.0,125.4,124.0,123.3,119.3,54.5,49.0,38.0,29.8,29.2,28.9,28.6,26.7,25.0,23.6,23.0,22.8,22.1,21.0,14.2.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+455.
实施例6.2-[6-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮
试剂:9-氨基-吖啶(100mg,0.42mmol),DMSO(5ml),KOH(47mg,0.8mmol),和2-(6-溴-己基)-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(240mg,0.8mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(10∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:30mg(15%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.08(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),8.02(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.81(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.68(dd,3H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.59(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),7.30(t,2H,J=6.6Hz)3.85(t,2H,J=7Hz),3.67(t,2H,J=7Hz),1.83(q,2H,J=7Hz),1.67(q,2H,J=7Hz),1.45-1.34(m,6H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):168.2,156.3,133.8,133.6,131.9,128.7,128.5,124.7,123.0,122.8,119.3,111.9,48.4,37.68,29.81,26.37,22.81.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+424.
实施例7.2-[7-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮
试剂:9-氨基-吖啶(60mg,0.24mmol),DMSO(5ml),KOH(27mg,0.48mmol),和2-(7-溴-庚基)-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(80mg,0.24mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH(10∶1∶0.1%NH3)。黄色淤浆,产率:80mg(74%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.08(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),8.02(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.81(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.68(dd,3H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.59(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),7.30(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.85(t,2H,J=7Hz),3.67(t,2H,J=7Hz),1.83(q,2H,J=7Hz),1.67(q,2H,J=7Hz),1.45-1.34(m,6H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):168.3,155.3,133.8,133.7,132.7,132.0,124.5,123.0,122.9,121.7,113.2,49.0,37.7,30.4,28.6,28.3,26.6,26.5.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+438.
实施例8.2-[8-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮
试剂:9-氨基-吖啶(60mg,0.24mmol),DMSO(5ml),KOH(27mg,0.48mmol),和2-(7-溴-庚基)-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(68.64mg,0.24mmol)。纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH(10∶1∶0.1%NH3)。黄色淤浆,产率:20mg(18.5%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.06(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),8.02(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.80(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.68(dd,3H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.59(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),7.30(t,2H,J=6.6Hz)3.82(t,2H,J=7Hz),3.65(t,2H,J=7Hz),1.83(q,2H,J=7Hz),1.68(q,2H,J=7Hz),1.45-1.34(m,8H)
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):168.3,155.4,134.1,133.7,132.7,131.9,124.6,123.1,122.8,121.7,113.1,48.7,37.6,30.0,28.5,28.1,26.4,26.0,23.2.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+451.
实施例9.2-[9-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮
试剂:9-氨基-吖啶(150mg,0.60mmol),DMSO(10ml),KOH(67.3mg,1.2mmol),和2-(9-溴-壬基)-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(68.64mg,0.24mmol)。纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH(10∶1∶0.1%NH3)。黄色淤浆,产率:20mg(18.5%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.06(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),8.02(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.80(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.68(dd,3H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.62(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),7.33(t,2H,J=6.6Hz)3.82(t,2H,J=7Hz),3.65(t,2H,J=7Hz),1.83(q,2H,J=7Hz),1.68(q,2H,J=7Hz),1.45-1.34(m,10H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):168.3,155.4,134.2,133.6,132.7,132.0,124.2,123.5,122.5,121.3,113.0,48.6,37.6,30.0,27.5,28.1,26.2,26.0,23.2,22.3.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+451.
合成N-邻苯二甲酸甘氨酸衍生物的通用方法(反应路线5,实施例10-12)
在N2下向N-邻苯二甲酸甘氨酸在无水THF中的溶液中加入1,1’-羰二咪唑,室温下搅拌混合物4小时。此后加入胺,搅拌获得的琥珀色溶液20小时,然后减压蒸发溶剂,加入水,用二氯甲烷萃取产生的混合物。用NaCl溶液洗涤合并的有机萃取液,然后用无水Na2SO4干燥。减压蒸发溶剂,通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残渣,对每种情形使用适当比例的溶剂混合物作为洗脱剂。
本发明的衍生物可以如以下反应路线5所述制备。
反应路线5
实施例10.N-[7-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺
试剂:N-邻苯二甲酸甘氨酸(83mg,0.48mmol),无水THF(5ml),1,1’-羰二咪唑(83mg,0.51mmol),和6-氯-9-(7-氨基庚基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(165mg,0.48mmol)。纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(20∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:80mg(31%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):7.89(d,1H,J=8.9Hz),7.86(d,1H,J=2.3Hz),7.81(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.68(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.23(dd,1H,J=8.9Hz,J=2.0Hz),6.22(brs,1H,),4.32(s,2H),4.18(brs,1H),3.46-3.48(m,2H),3.24(c,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.02(brs,2H),2.65(brs,2H),1.90(m,4H),1.67-1.63(m,2H),1.50-1.46(m,2H),1.38-1.30(m,4H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):167.7,166.3,157.2,152.0,145.4,135.1,134.0,131.6,124.8,124.6,124.4,123.2,117.0,114.3,49.1,40.5,39.6,32.1,31.2,29.1,28.6,26.5,26.4,24.3,22.5,22.0.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+533.
实施例11.N-(3-{[3-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-丙基]-甲基-氨基}-丙基)-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺
试剂:N-邻苯二甲酸甘氨酸(160mg,0.78mmol),无水THF(10ml),1,1’-羰二咪唑(126.5mg,0.78mmol),和6-氯-9-(6-氨基己基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(260mg,0.78mmol)。纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(20∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:150mg(37%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):7.81(d,1H,J=8.9Hz),7.73(d,1H,J=2.3Hz),7.68(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.58(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.13(dd,1H,J=8.9Hz,J=2.0Hz),4.21(s,2H),3.52-3.47(m,2H),3.33(brs,2H),3.28(c,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.24-3.21(brs,2H),2.90(brs,2H),2.34(brs,2H),2.09(s,3H),1.72(m,4H),1.69(q,2H,J=6.6Hz),1.60(q,2H,J=6.6Hz).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):167.5,166.0,157.6,151.5,146.0,134.8,134.7,134.0,131.7,125.4,124.8,124.3,123.3,117.3,114.6,48.9,40.8,39.4,32.8,31.4,29.3,26.2,25.6,24.5,22.7,22.2.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+519.
实施例12.N-[6-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基]-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺
试剂:N-邻苯二甲酸甘氨酸(76mg,0.34mmol),无水THF(8ml),1,1’-羰二咪唑(55.1mg,0.34mmol),和6-氯-9-(6-氨基己基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(200mg,0.34mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(20∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:60mg(32%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):7.92(d,1H,J=8.9Hz),7.89(d,1H,J=2.3Hz),7.81(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.70(dd,2H,J=5.4Hz,J=3.1Hz),7.23(dd,1H,J=8.9Hz,J=2.0Hz),6.04(brs,1H),4.33(s,2H),3.53-3.51(m,2H),3.28(c,2H,J=6.6Hz),3.04(brs,2H),2.60(brs,2H),1.90(m,4H),1.70-1.66(m,2H),1.55-1.52(m,2H),1.40-1.36(m,2H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):167.5,166.0,157.3,151.8,145.4,134.8,133.9,131.7,124.9,124.1,123.1,122.9,117.0,114.4,56.2,56.1,48.8,42.3,40.8,38.8,32.3,27.7,26.1,24.6,22.7,22.1.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+548.
合成噻二唑烷酮衍生物的通用方法(反应路线2,实施例13-18)
在氮气氛下在-15℃至-10℃将氯鼓泡缓慢通过烷基异氰酸酯在无水己烷(15ml)中的溶液。通过将35%HCl加入KMnO4生成氯。在加入步骤期间小心控制反应混合物的温度。此时形成烷基-S-氯代异硫代氨甲酰氯。此后,加入烷基异氰酸酯。在室温下搅拌混合物10小时,蒸发溶剂至干燥。将残渣再溶解在无水四氢呋喃(10ml)中,之后加入胺和三乙胺。室温下搅拌反应混合物24小时,滤去白色固体。减压蒸发溶剂和通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残渣,对每种情形使用适当比例的溶剂混合物作为洗脱剂。
实施例13.2-乙基-4-异丙基-5-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮
试剂:异硫氰酸乙酯(569μl,6.5mmol),KMnO4(500mg,3.16mmol),HCl(3.1ml,3.4mmol),异氰酸异丙酯(640μl,6.5mmol),三乙胺(94μl,0.68mmol)和9-(7-氨基庚基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(105mg,0.34mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用AcOEt/MeOH(4∶1)。黄色淤浆(24mg,15%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):8.36(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),8.09(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.63(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.39(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),5.25(s br,1H),4.58(sept,1H,J=6.6Hz),3.80(m,2H),3.73(q,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.23(t br,2H,J=5.9Hz),2.98(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),2.60(t br,2H,J=6.8Hz),1.86-1.74(m,4H),1.63(t,2H,J=6.6Hz),1.39(m,4H),1.21(d,6H,J=6.6Hz),1.20(t,3H,J=7.0Hz).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):160.2,154.6,146.9,148.1,139.1,131.7,128.1,124.9,123.9,53.3,48.8,46.8,38.2,31.3,30.6,29.0,27.2,26.7,23.7,22.0,21.0,12.6.
EI-MS:m/z[M+]+481.
实施例14.2-乙基-4-异丙基-5-[9-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮
试剂:异硫氰酸乙酯(569μl,6.5mmol),KMnO4(500mg,3.16mmol),HCl(3.1ml,3.4mmol),异氰酸异丙酯(640μl,6.5mmol),三乙胺(140μl,1.0mmol)和9-(9-氨基壬基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(173mg,0.5mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用AcOEt/MeOH(15∶1)。黄色淤浆(36mg,14%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):7.94(dd,1H,J=8.0,0.5Hz),7.90(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),7.53(ddd,,1H,J=8.2,7.1,1.2Hz),7.32(ddd,1H,J=8.2,7.1,1.1Hz),4.59(sept,1H,J=6.6Hz),3.74(q,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.48(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.01(s br,2H),2.98(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),2.68(s br,2H),1.91-1.88(m,4H),1.66-1.59(m,4H),1.29(s br,11H),1.21(d,6H,J=6.6Hz),1.20(t,3H,J=7.1Hz).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):158.5,154.9,148.5,148.3,139.5,131.8,128.7,123.9,123.1,53.8,49.8,47.1,38.5,34.0,32.0,31.0,29.7,29.6,27.6,27.2,25.0,23.3,22.9,21.2,12.9.
EI-MS:m/z[M+]+509.
实施例15.4-异丙基-3-氧代-5-[9-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-2-羧酸乙酯
试剂:异硫氰酸乙氧羰基甲酯(0.8ml,6.5mmol),KMnO4(500mg,3.16mmol),HCl(3.1ml,3.4mmol),异氰酸异丙酯(640μl,6.5mmol),三乙胺(140μl,1.0mmol)和9-(9-氨基壬基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(173mg,0.5mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用AcOEt/MeOH(15∶1)。黄色淤浆(10mg,0.1%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):7.98(d,2H,J=7.8Hz),7.57(t,1H,J=7.6Hz),7.35(t,1H,J=7.6Hz),4.59(sept,1H,J=6.6Hz),4.17(q,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.74(q,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.68-3.56(m,2H),3.09(s br,2H),2.98(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),2.65(s br,2H),1.95-1.90(m,4H),1.78-1.59(m,4H),1.29-1.18(m,11H),1.21(d,6H,J=6.6Hz),1.20(t,3H,J=7.1Hz).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,300MHz,δ):173.4,151.6,143.9,148.3,136.7,131.8,128.7,123.6,123.1,77.2,49.5,42.3,31.8,30.7,29.3,26.9,24.7,23.0,21.0,14.1,12.6.
El-MS:m/z[M+H+]+554.
实施例16.4-乙基-2-丙基-5-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮
试剂:异硫氰酸乙酯(0.57ml,6.5mmol),KMnO4(500mg,3.16mmol),HCl(3.1ml,3.4mmol),异氰酸丙酯(0.60ml,6.5mmol),三乙胺(0.12ml,1.26mmol)和9-(7-氨基庚基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(200mg,0.63mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH(8∶1)。黄色淤浆(12mg,4%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.35(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),8.10(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.63(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.39(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),4.95(s br,1H),3.80(c,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.66(br,2H),3.40(t,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.18(br,2H),2.98(t,2H,J=7.0Hz),2.60(br,2H),1.86-1.74(m,4H),1.65(q,2H,J=7.0Hz),1.63(br,4H),1.39(m,6H),1.20(t,3H,J=7.0Hz),0.95(t,3H,J=7.0Hz).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δ):160.4,154.6,147.1,148.1,139.0,131.7,128.1,124.9,123.9,53.3,48.8,46.8,38.2,31.3,30.6,29.0,27.2,26.7,23.7,22.0,21.0,12.8,10.6.
EI-MS:m/z[M+]+481.
实施例17.4-乙基-2-异丙基-5-[8-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮
试剂:异硫氰酸乙酯(0.57ml,6.5mmol),KMnO4(500mg,3.16mmol),HCl(3.1ml,3.4mmol),异氰酸异丙酯(0.60ml,6.5mmol),三乙胺(0.12ml,1.26mmol)和9-(8-氨基辛基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(200mg,0.61mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH(25∶1)。黄色淤浆(7mg,2.3%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.36(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),8.09(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.63(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.39(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),4.58(sept,1H,J=6.6Hz),3.80(m,2H),3.73(c,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.23(t br,2H,J=5.9Hz),3.00(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),2.60(t br,2H,J=6.8Hz),1.86-1.74(m,4H),1.63(m,4H),1.39(m,8H),1.21(d,6H,J=6.6Hz),1.20(t,3H,J=7.0Hz).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δ):160.2,154.6,146.9,148.1,139.1,131.7,128.1,124.9,123.9,53.3,48.8,46.8,38.2,31.3,30.6,29.0,27.2,26.7,23.7,22.0,21.0,12.6.
EI-MS:m/z [M+]+496.
实施例18.4-乙基-2-异丙基-5-[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基-亚氨基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮
试剂:异硫氰酸乙酯(0.57ml,6.5mmol),KMnO4(500mg,3.16mmol),HCl(3.1ml,3.4mmol),异氰酸异丙酯(0.60ml,6.5mmol),三乙胺(0.12ml,1.26mmol)和9-(6-氨基己基氨基)-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶(200mg,0.66mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH(25∶1)。黄色淤浆(5mg,1.6%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):8.36(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),8.09(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.63(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.39(t,1H,J=8.4Hz),5.25(s br,1H),4.58(sept,1H,J=6.6Hz),3.80(m,2H),3.73(c,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.23(t br,2H,J=5.9Hz),2.98(t,2H,J=6.8Hz),2.60(t br,2H,J=6.8Hz),1.86-1.74(m,4H),1.63(t,4H,J=6.6Hz),1.39(m,4H),1.21(d,6H,J=6.6Hz),1.20(t,3H,J=7.0Hz).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δ):1610.5,154.4,146.9,148.1,139.1,132.0,128.1,124.9,123.9,53.3,48.8,46.8,37.5,31.3,30.6,29.0,27.2,26.7,23.7,22.0,21.0,13.0.
EI-MS:m/z[M+]+468.
实施例19.N-[2-(6-氯-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-六氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N’-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-N-甲基-乙烷-1,2-二胺
向6,9-二氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶(1gr,3.9mmol)在1-戊醇(20ml)中的溶液中加入N1-(3-氨基-丙基)-N1-甲基-丙烷-1,3-二胺(1.7gr,11.8mmol),将混合物回流12小时。此后在减压下蒸发1-戊醇,然后将获得的残渣溶解在二氯甲烷中,用10%NaOH洗涤。用无水Na2SO4干燥合并的有机萃取液。减压下蒸发溶剂,通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残渣,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(10∶1∶0.5%)(20∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:51mg(25%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):7.93(d,2H,J=1.9Hz),7.90(d,2H,J=8.9Hz),7.16(dd,2H,J=8.9Hz,J=1.9Hz),3.71(m,4H),3.02(m,4H),2.61(m,8H),2.05(s,3H),1.92-1.85(m,12H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):159.5,150.8,148.3,133.9,127.7,124.7,124.2,118.0,115.8,56.6,50.2,43.1,27.2.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+576.
合成THA-吖啶衍生物的通用方法(反应路线6,实施例20-24)
向9-烷基氨基四氢吖啶在1-戊醇中的溶液中加入9-氨基四氢吖啶,将混合物回流4小时。此后,减压下蒸发1-戊醇,然后将获得的残渣溶解在二氯乙烷中,用10%NaOH洗涤。用无水Na2SO4干燥合并的有机萃取液。减压下蒸发溶剂,通过硅胶柱色谱法纯化残渣,对每种情形使用适当比例的溶剂混合物作为洗脱剂。
反应路线6
实施例20.N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)壬烷-1,9-二胺
试剂:N1-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-壬烷-1,9-二胺(143mg,0.46mmol),1-戊醇(10ml),9-氯-吖啶(99mg,0.46mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(10∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:128mg(57%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.10(d,2H,J=8.9Hz),8.06(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.94(d,1H,J=7.4Hz),7.90(d,1H,J=7.4Hz),7.64(t,2H,J=7.0Hz),7.55(t,1H,J=7.0Hz),7.35(m,3H),3.83(t,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.47(t,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.07(m,2H),2.69(m,2H),1.92(m,4H),1.79(q,2H,J=7.0Hz),1.64(q,2H,J=7.0Hz),1.38-1.30(m,10H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):158.0,150.5,129.8,128.4,128.0,123.3,122.7,116.1,115.6,50.6,49.3,34.0,31.7,31.6,29.3,29.1,26.8,24.8,23.0,22.8.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+491.
实施例21.N-吖啶-9-基-N′-[2-(1,2,3,4,4a,9a-六氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N′-甲基-乙烷-1,2-二胺
试剂:N-(2-氨基-乙基)-N-甲基-N′-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-乙烷-1,2-二胺(143mg,0.44mmol),1-戊醇(10ml),9-氯-吖啶(115.5mg,0.53mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(20∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:51mg(23%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.09(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.98(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.80(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.44(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),7.29(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),7.09(m,3H),4.07(m,2H),3.66(m,2H),2.93(m,2H),2.67(m,2H),2.62(m,2H),2.48(m,2H)2.31(s,3H),2.04(m,2H),1.91(m,2H),1.66(m,4H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):155.5,141.8,140.9,132.9,132.8,130.0,126.3,124.5,124.1,124.0,123.4,122.8,121.5,120.9,120.7,117.7,117.5,113.2,56.5,56.3,56.0,50.0,48.5,47.9,42.6,42.4,33.4,28.3,26.1,24.6,22.6.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+504.
实施例22.N-[2-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-N-甲基-乙烷-1,2-二胺
试剂:N1-[2-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N1-甲基-乙烷-1,2-二胺(350mg,0.96mmol),1-戊醇(13ml),9-氯-吖啶(207mg,0.96mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用DCM/MeOH/NH3(10∶1∶0.5%)。黄色淤浆,产率:132mg(25%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.07(m,4H),7.83(d,2H,J=2.3Hz),7.76(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),7.61(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),7.24(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),7.12(dd,1H,J=7.4Hz,J=2.3Hz),4.01(t,2H,J=6.2Hz),3.51(m,2H),2.98(t,2H,J=6.2Hz),2.67(t,2H,J=6.2Hz),2.58(m,2H),2.40(s,3H),1.92(m,4H),1.80(m,4H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):158.0,150.5,129.8,128.4,128.0,123.3,122.7,116.1,115.6,50.6,49.3,34.0,31.7,31.6,29.3,29.1,26.8,24.8,23.0,22.8.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+542.
实施例23.N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-庚烷-1,7-二胺
试剂:N1-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-庚烷-1,7-二胺(385mg,1.11mmol),1-戊醇10ml)和9-氯-吖啶(236mg,1.11mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用AcOEt/MeOH/NH3(15∶1∶0)至(9∶1∶0.5)。黄色固体,产率:162mg(30%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.1-8.04(m,4H),7.86(d,1H,J=8.8Hz),7.4(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.61(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),7.36(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),7.22(dd,1H,J=7.4Hz,J=2.4Hz),3.90(brs,1H),3.80(t,2H,J=7.4),3.42-3.45(m,2H),3.02(m,2H),2.63(m,2H),1.90-1.89(m,4H),1.77-1.74(m,2H),1.60-1.64(m,2H),1.44-1.30(m,6H).13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,ppm):159.7,151.5,150.7,148.35,134.0,129.9,127.8,124.6,124.3,123.2,122.7,118.6,116.8,116.0,60.6,51.1,49.8,34.4,32.0,29.3,27.1,24.9,23.3,23.0,21.4.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+523.
实施例24.N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-辛烷-1,8-二胺
试剂:N1-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-辛烷-1,8-二胺(165mg,0.46mmol),1-戊醇(5ml),和9-氯-吖啶(99.8mg,0.46mmol)。
纯化:硅胶柱色谱法,使用AcOEt/MeOH/NH3(15∶1∶0%)至(9∶1∶0.5%)。黄色固体,产率:19mg(8%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,δppm):8.02-8.12(m,4H),7.87(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.88(d,1H,J=1.6Hz),7.64(t,2H,J=7.8Hz),7.34(t,2H,J=7.6Hz),7.22(m,1H),3.90(brs,1H),3.80(t,2H,J=7.4),3.49(m,2H),3.02(m,2H),2.65(m,2H),1.90(m,4H),1.78(m,2H),1.60-1.64(m,2H),1.20-1.40(m,8H).
13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz,δppm):159.7,150.8,148.3,134.0,130.0,127.9,124.7,124.3,123.2,122.8,118.7,118.6,116.0,61.0,51.1,49.0,34.5,32.1,29.5,27.1,25.0,23.3,23.1,21.4.
ESI-MS[M+H+]+535.
生物学评估
ACHE抑制(来源于人红细胞)
按照Ellman等的方法(Ellman,G.L.;Courtney,K.D.;Andres,B.;Featherstone,R.M.Biochem.Pharmacol.1961,7,88-95)。测定溶液由以下各项组成:0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液pH8,200μM 5,5’-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB,Ellan′s试剂),0.02单位/ml AChE(Sigma Chemical Co.,来源于人红细胞),和400μM乙酰硫代胆碱碘化物作为酶促反应的底物。将检测的化合物加入测定溶液中并与酶在30℃下预温育10分钟。该时间后,加入底物。用Perkin-Elmer 550SE UV/VIS分光计记录在412nm处的吸光度变化5分钟,比较反应速率,计算由于测试化合物的存在导致的百分比抑制。将IC50定义为相对于没有抑制剂下,将酶活性降低50%的每种化合物的浓度。
表1:人红细胞AChE抑制
ACHE抑制(来源于牛红细胞)
通过Ellman(Ellman,G.L.;Courtney,K.D.;Andres,B.;Featherstone,R.M.Biochem.Pharmacol.1961,7,88-95)报道的比色法在25℃评估AChE抑制活性。测定溶液由以下各项组成:0.02单位/ml来源于牛红细胞的AChE,0.1M磷酸钠缓冲液pH8,0.3mM 5,5’-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB,Ellman-s试剂),和0.5mM乙酰硫代胆碱碘化物作为酶促反应的底物。通过用Fluostar optima平板读数器(BMG)测量10分钟期间内在405nm处的吸光度来测定酶活性。将检测的化合物与酶在30℃下预温育10分钟。该条件下,化合物16显示IC50值为2.03E-07M。
神经元ACHE活性
乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)酶制剂获自SH-SY5Y,SK-N-SH和N2A细胞。
细胞培养:将人成神经细胞瘤细胞系SH-SY5Y培养在添加10%胎牛血清和1%青霉素/链霉素的极限必需培养基,Han’s F12培养基中,在5%CO2湿润的培养箱中37℃培养。将人成神经细胞瘤细胞系SK-N-SH培养在添加10%胎牛血清和1%青霉素/链霉素的RPMI 1640培养基中,在5%CO2湿润的培养箱中37℃培养。将大鼠成神经细胞瘤细胞系N2A培养在添加10%胎牛血清和1%青霉素/链霉素的DULBECCO′S MOD EAGLE培养基中,在5%CO2湿润的培养箱中37℃培养。至少在AChE活性测量之前48小时对于每个反应将细胞以250 103个细胞铺平板。洗涤细胞并在4℃下收获在0.1M磷酸钠缓冲液pH8中。
AchE的抑制:通过Ellman(Ellman,G.L.;Courtney,K.D.;Andres,B.;Featherstone,R.M.Biochem.Pharmacol.1961,7,88-95)报道的比色法在25℃评估AChE抑制活性。测定溶液由以下各项组成:来源于神经元细胞的AChE,0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液pH8,0.3mM 5,5’-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB,Ellman-s试剂),和0.5mM乙酰硫代胆碱碘化物作为酶促反应的底物。通过用Fluostar optima平板读数器(BMG)测量10分钟期间内在405nm处的吸光度来测定酶活性。将检测的化合物与酶在30℃下预温育10分钟。用至少一式三份测量值计算反应速率,相对于不含化合物的对照计算由于测试化合物的存在导致的百分比抑制。测定产生50%AChE抑制的化合物的浓度(IC50)。
IC50(M)
N2A SK-N-SY SH-SY5Y
(大鼠成神经细胞瘤) (人成神经细胞瘤) (人成神经细胞瘤)
AChE 1 2,09E-07 1,09E-07 4,35E-06
抑制剂 13 4,24E-07 4,13E-07 3,00E-07
14 4,46E-07 4,41E-07 3,33E-07
15 5,61E-07 7,78E-07 3,91E-07
他克林 3,95E-07 3,03E-07 3,91E-07
β-淀粉样蛋白聚集的抑制:
如先前所述[39,40]进行AChE-Aβ复合体的产生。在DMSO中制备3.5mM的Aβ1-40的贮液。用于测定的肽的量是0.1mM。以摩尔比Ap-AChE 200∶1使用人重组AChE(Sigma-Aldrich)。为了聚集研究将肽与适量AChE在PBS pH7.4中混合并在室温下在微量滴定板中搅拌48小时。获得的纤丝通过刚果红(CR)结合表征。
关于β-淀粉样蛋白聚集的抑制,以在前段生物学评估中定义的IC50使用测试化合物。碘化丙锭50μM用于比较。
为了将聚集的纤丝的量定量,如Klunk(Klunk,WE.;Pettegrew,JW.;Abraham,DJ.J.Hystochem.Cytochem.,1989,8,1293-1297)所述完成与CR的结合。简而言之,将5.5μl聚集混合物的等份部分加入132μl的25M CR溶液(100mM磷酸盐缓冲液pH7.4,150mM NaCl)并在室温下温育30分钟。在480和540nm下测量吸光度。通过CR(M)=(A540/25295)-(A480/46306)评估CR结合。
在上述条件下,2,3-二氢-1-茚酮-他克林衍生物1显示淀粉样蛋白-AChE复合体聚集减少18.7%,而噻二唑烷酮-他克林衍生物将β-淀粉样蛋白-AChE复合体聚集减少了27.8%。外周抑制剂丙锭将β-淀粉样蛋白-AChE复合体聚集减少了18.1%。将该化合物用作参考标准。
乙酰胆碱酯酶(ACHE)抑制(来源于牛红细胞)
通过Ellman[Ellman,G.L.;Courtney,K.D.;Andres,B.;Featherstone,R.M.Biochem.Pharmacol.1961,7,88-95]报道的比色法在30℃评估AChE抑制活性。测定溶液由以下各项组成:0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液pH8,0.3mM5,5’-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB,Ellman-s试剂),0.02单位AChE(Sigma Chemical Co.,来源于牛红细胞),和0.5mM乙酰硫代胆碱碘化物作为酶促反应的底物。将测试的化合物加入测定溶液并与酶在30℃下预温育5分钟。该时期后,加入底物。用微板读数器Digiscan 340T记录在405nm下吸光度的变化5分钟,比较反应速率,计算由于测试化合物的存在导致的百分比抑制。用至少一式三份测量值计算反应速率,相对于不含化合物的对照计算由于测试化合物的存在导致的百分比抑制。测定产生50%AChE抑制的化合物的浓度(IC50)。结果在表2中显示。
丁酰胆碱酯酶(BuCHE)抑制(来源于人血清)
通过Ellman[Ellman,G.L.;Courtney,K.D.;Andres,B.;Featherstone,R.M.Biochem.Pharmacol.1961,7,88-95]报道的比色法在30℃评估BuChE抑制活性。测定溶液由以下各项组成:0.01单位来源于人血清的BuChE,0.1M磷酸钠缓冲液pH8,0.3mM 5,5’-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB,Ellman’s试剂),和0.5mM丁酰硫代胆碱碘化物作为酶促反应的底物。用微板读数器Digiscan 340T测量5分钟期间在405nm下的吸光度,测定酶活性。将测试的化合物与酶在30℃下预温育10分钟。用至少一式三份测量值计算反应速率。将IC50定义为相对于没有抑制剂下将酶活性降低50%的每种化合物的浓度。结果在表2中显示。
毒性测定
在人成神经细胞瘤细胞系SH-SY5Y中检测分子的细胞毒性作用。将这些细胞培养在96-孔平板中的添加10%胎牛血清、1%谷氨酰胺和1%青霉素/链霉素的极限必需培养基,Han’s F12培养基中,在5%CO2湿润的培养箱中37℃培养。
在毒性测定之前至少48小时前,对每孔将细胞以104个细胞铺平板。将细胞暴露于不同浓度(从10-5至10-9)的化合物24小时,通过测量胞内酶乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)(细胞毒性检测试剂盒,Roche)进行细胞死亡的定量评估。在微板读数器Anthos 2010中在492nm和620nm下评估LDH的量。将对照当作100%生存力。结果在表2中显示。
丙锭竞争
在与AChE外周位点结合后丙锭显示荧光增加,这使得它成为对于与酶结合的竞争性配体的有用探针。
在Fluostar optima平板读数器(BMG)中测量荧光。测量在100μl溶液体积中、在96-孔平板中进行。所用缓冲液是1mM Tris/HCl,pH8.0。将10M AChE与不同浓度的分子温育至少6小时。在荧光测量之前10分钟加入20μM碘化丙锭。激发波长是485nm,发射波长是620nm。结果在表2中显示。
对钙通道的影响
我们已经研究了这些化合物是否能够阻断钙通道。在96-孔平板中用60mM K+刺激SH-SY5Y细胞中的钙进入。至少在实验前48小时将细胞对每孔以5·104铺平板。为了测量胞内钙,用Krebs/HEPES缓冲液pH7.4洗涤SH-SY5Y,在37℃下将细胞装载钙指示染料Fluo-4(Molecular Probes)40分钟,接着在室温下后温育15分钟。在Fluostar optima平板读数器(BMG)中通过荧光测定测量胞内钙,激发波长设定为485nm,520nm下激发。在用K+去极化之前将测试化合物与细胞预温育10分钟。结果在表2中显示。
抗氧化活性
为了评估这些化合物是否具有抗氧化性能,将细胞SH-SY5Y暴露于100M H2O2 24小时,之前将这些细胞用不同浓度(从10-5至10-9)的分子预处理1小时。使用LDH测定测量细胞生存力来评估抗氧化剂活性。如毒性实验将细胞SHSY5Y培养在96-孔平板中。结果在表2中显示。
对β-淀粉样蛋白毒性的影响
我们已经检测这些分子中的一些是否干涉淀粉样蛋白的肽毒性。如毒性实验将细胞SH-SY5Y培养在96-孔平板中。将细胞用不同浓度(从10-5至10-9)的化合物预处理1小时,立即加入200μM合成肽β-淀粉样蛋白,片段25-35(A25-35)诱导神经元死亡。用LDH测定评估24小时后细胞的生存力;相对于未处理的孔报道结果。结果在表2中显示。
表2
化合物编号 | 毒性(μM) | 丙锭竞争(μM) | 钙通道阻断(μM) | 抗氧化活性(μM) | Aβ(25-35)毒性的抑制(μM) |
3 | 10 | >100 | 没有 | 没有 | |
4 | >100 | 10 | 没有 | 没有 | |
5 | 5 | >100 | 没有 | 没有 | |
6 | >100 | 10 | 没有 | 没有 | |
7 | >100 | 100 | 10 | 没有 | 1 |
8 | 100 | >100 | 没有 | 没有 | |
9 | >100 | 1 | 没有 | 没有 | |
10 | >100 | 10 | 没有 | 没有 | |
11 | >100 | 10 | 没有 | 没有 |
12 | >100 | 100 | 没有 | 没有 | |
16 | 50 | >100 | 没有 | 没有 | |
17 | >100 | 0.1 | 没有 | 没有 | |
18 | >10 | >100 | 没有 | 没有 | |
19 | 10 | 10 | 没有 | 没有 | |
20 | 10 | 100 | 没有 | 没有 | |
21 | >100 | 1000 | 没有 | 10 | |
22 | 10 | 10 | 没有 | 没有 | |
23 | 0.5 | 1 | 没有 | 没有 | 1 |
24 | 5 | 10 | 没有 | 没有 |
Claims (18)
1.由通式(I)表示的化合物
式I
其中:
X是下列基团之一:
或
L独立地选自-C(R)(R”)-,-CO-,-O-或-NR’-
n为0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9或10
R和R”独立地选自氢,烷基,芳基,杂芳基,卤素,卤代烷基,烷氧基,羟基,硝基和烷硫基
D独立地选自-C(R9)-,=C-,或-N-
A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A7,A8,B1,B2,B3,B4,B5,B6,B7,B8,C和G独立地选自-CO-,-C(R10)(R11)-,=C(R10)-,-N(R12)-,=N-,-O-,-S(O)t-
R1,R2,R3,R4,R9,R10和R11独立地选自氢,烷基,烷氧基,羟基,烷硫基,环烷基,卤代烷基,卤素,芳基,-(Z)n-,芳基,杂芳基,-O(R7),-C(O)R7,-C(O)OR7,-S(O)t,氰基,硝基和巯基,被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的芳基;和被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的杂芳基
R5,R6,和R12独立地选自氢,烷基,烷氧基,羟基,环烷基,卤代烷基,芳基,杂芳基,被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、或烷硫基取代的芳基;和被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的杂芳基
Z独立地选自-C(R7)(R8)-,-C(O)-,-O-,-C(=NR7)-,-S(O)t,N(R7)-
R7和R8独立地选自氢,烷基,烷氧基,烷硫基,环烷基,卤代烷基,卤素,芳基,杂芳基,氰基,硝基,巯基,被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的芳基;和被烷基、烷氧基、羟基、卤素、卤代烷基、硝基或烷硫基取代的杂芳基
t为0,1或2;
条件是当X是:
时,那么
a)组A1-A8和B1-B8中每个都不是=C(R10)-,和
b)当组A5-A8和B5-B8各自都是-C(R10)(R11)-时,组A1-A4和B1-B4中的每个都不是=C(R10)-。
3.按照权利要求2的化合物,其中X选自邻苯二甲酰亚胺基(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基),吲哚-2-基,1-2,3-二氢-1-茚酮-2-基,苯并咪唑-2-基,2,3-二氢-1,3-茚二酮-2-基,吲唑-2-基,苯并呋喃-2-基,苯并噻吩-2-基,或苯并三唑-2-基。
4.按照权利要求2的化合物,其中X是邻苯二甲酰亚胺基(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基),式I的环状部分表示9-吖啶基、1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基或6-氯,1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基。
5.按照权利要求2的化合物,其为:
—2-[6-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(6),
—2-[7-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(7),
—2-[8-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(8),
—2-[9-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(9),
—N-[7-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺(10),
—N-(3-{[3-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-丙基]-甲基-氨基}-丙基)-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺(11),
—N-[6-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基]-2-(1,3-二氧代-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙酰胺(12),
—2-[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己氨基]-2,3-二氢-茚-1,3-二酮(3),
—2-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(4),或
—2-[8-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基]-异吲哚-1,3-二酮(5)。
6.按照权利要求2的化合物,其中X是1-2,3-二氢-1-茚酮-2-基,式I的环状部分表示1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基。
7.按照权利要求6的化合物,其为:
—5,6-二甲氧基-2-{[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基氨基]-甲基}-2,3-二氢-茚-1-酮(1),或
—5,6-二甲氧基-2-{[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基氨基]-甲基}-2,3-二氢-1-茚-1-酮(2)。
8.按照权利要求1的化合物,其中X选自9-吖啶基,6-氯,1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基和1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基。
9.按照权利要求8的化合物,其中式I的环状部分表示9-吖啶基,6氯,1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基和1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基。
10.按照权利要求9的化合物,其为:
—N-[2-(6-氯-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-六氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N′-(6-氯
-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-N-甲基-乙烷-1,2-二胺(19),
—N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-壬烷-1,9-二胺(20)
—N-吖啶-9-基-N′-[2-(1,2,3,4,4a,9a-六氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N′-甲
基-乙烷-1,2-二胺(21),
—N-[2-(吖啶-9-基氨基)-乙基]-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-N-甲
基-乙烷-1,2-二胺(22),
—N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-庚烷-1,7-二胺(23),
和
—N-吖啶-9-基-N′-(6-氯-1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基)-辛烷-1,8-二胺(24)。
11.按照权利要求1的化合物,其中X由下式的基团表示:
其中式I的环状部分表示9-吖啶基,6-氯,1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基或1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基。
12.按照权利要求11的化合物,其为:
—2-乙基-4-异丙基-5-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基-亚氨
基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(13),
—2-乙基-4-异丙基-5-[9-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基-亚氨
基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(14),
—4-异丙基-3-氧代-5-[9-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-壬基-亚氨
基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-2-羧酸乙酯(15),
—4-乙基-2-丙基-5-[7-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-庚基-亚氨
基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(16),
—4-乙基-2-异丙基-5-[8-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-辛基亚氨
基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(17),或
—4-乙基-2-异丙基-5-[6-(1,2,3,4-四氢-吖啶-9-基氨基)-己基-亚氨
基]-[1,2,4]噻二唑烷-3-酮(18)。
13.一种药物组合物,含有权利要求1-12中任何一项定义的化合物作为活性成分。
14.用作药物的按照权利要求1-12的化合物。
15.按照权利要求1-12的化合物,其用于治疗认知障碍如老年性痴呆,脑血管性痴呆,轻度认知损伤,注意缺损障碍,和/或带有异常蛋白聚集的神经变性痴呆症,如特别是阿尔茨海默氏病,帕金森病,ALS,或朊病毒病,如克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病或格-施-沙病。
16.按照权利要求1-12的化合物在制备药物中的应用。
17.按照权利要求1-12的化合物在制备药物中的应用,所述药物用于治疗认知障碍如老年性痴呆,脑血管性痴呆,轻度认知损伤,注意缺损障碍,和/或带有异常蛋白聚集的神经变性痴呆症,如特别是阿尔茨海默氏病,帕金森病,ALS,或朊病毒病,如克罗伊茨费尔特-雅各布病或格-施-沙病。
18.一种治疗认知障碍的方法,其包含施用有效量的、如权利要求1所定义的化合物。
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GB0223494D0 (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2002-11-13 | Neuropharma Sa | Dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of alzheimer's disease |
GB0316094D0 (en) | 2003-07-09 | 2003-08-13 | Neuropharma Sa | Acetylcholinesterase dual inhibitors |
DE102005009909A1 (de) | 2005-03-01 | 2006-09-07 | Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf | Verbindungen geeignet zur Beseitigung fehlgefalteter Proteine |
ES2288406B1 (es) * | 2006-04-20 | 2008-12-16 | Universidad De Barcelona | Compuestos inhibidores de acetilcolinesterasa para el tratamiento de la enfermedad de alzheimer. |
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ES2539178T3 (es) | 2011-06-03 | 2015-06-26 | Uniwersytet Warszawski | Nuevos inhibidores híbridos de colinesterasa |
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EP2818467A1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2014-12-31 | Universitat de Barcelona | Multi-target drug compounds for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders |
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CA2986598C (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2023-09-26 | Agenebio, Inc. | Extended release pharmaceutical compositions of levetiracetam |
PL235351B1 (pl) * | 2017-08-09 | 2020-06-29 | Univ Medyczny W Lodzi | N-podstawione związki takryny, sposób wytwarzania oraz zastosowanie tych związków |
PL3461819T3 (pl) | 2017-09-29 | 2020-11-30 | Probiodrug Ag | Inhibitory cyklazy glutaminylowej |
RU2675794C1 (ru) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-12-25 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение Науки Институт Физиологически Активных Веществ Российской Академии Наук (Ифав Ран) | Мультифункциональные конъюгаты такрина и его аналогов с производными 1,2,4-тиадиазола, способ их синтеза и применение для лечения нейродегенеративных заболеваний |
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Cited By (3)
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CN103992312A (zh) * | 2013-02-18 | 2014-08-20 | 江苏欧威医药有限公司 | 1,2,4-噻二唑-3,5-二酮衍生物及其药物组合物和应用 |
CN104003987A (zh) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-27 | 中国药科大学 | 他克林-β-咔啉异二连体类多功能胆碱酯酶抑制剂 |
CN104003987B (zh) * | 2014-06-03 | 2016-03-23 | 中国药科大学 | 他克林-β-咔啉异二连体类多功能胆碱酯酶抑制剂 |
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JP4652054B2 (ja) | 2011-03-16 |
PL375018A1 (en) | 2005-11-14 |
MXPA05003734A (es) | 2005-09-30 |
DE60310753D1 (de) | 2007-02-08 |
JP2006514922A (ja) | 2006-05-18 |
CA2501491A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
AU2003269240A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
AU2003269240B2 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
EP1558255B1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
CN100436421C (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
ATE349211T1 (de) | 2007-01-15 |
PT1558255E (pt) | 2007-03-30 |
WO2004032929A3 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
GB0223494D0 (en) | 2002-11-13 |
DE60310753T2 (de) | 2007-10-11 |
ES2279143T3 (es) | 2007-08-16 |
RU2005114353A (ru) | 2005-11-10 |
US20060142323A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
EP1558255A2 (en) | 2005-08-03 |
RU2325379C2 (ru) | 2008-05-27 |
WO2004032929A2 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
DK1558255T3 (da) | 2007-05-07 |
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