CN1694504A - 视频序列的辅助数据的处理 - Google Patents
视频序列的辅助数据的处理 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1694504A CN1694504A CNA2005100696184A CN200510069618A CN1694504A CN 1694504 A CN1694504 A CN 1694504A CN A2005100696184 A CNA2005100696184 A CN A2005100696184A CN 200510069618 A CN200510069618 A CN 200510069618A CN 1694504 A CN1694504 A CN 1694504A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- motion
- pattern
- signal processor
- data
- video
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 101150072055 PAL1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 101100192827 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) PXA1 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 101150077062 pal gene Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N spiromesifen Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(C(O1)=O)=C(OC(=O)CC(C)(C)C)C11CCCC1 GOLXNESZZPUPJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000819 phase cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
- H04J13/10—Code generation
- H04J13/12—Generation of orthogonal codes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/2002—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant
- G06F11/2005—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant using redundant communication controllers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/2002—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant
- G06F11/2007—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where interconnections or communication control functionality are redundant using redundant communication media
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/60—Protecting data
- G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
- G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/60—Protecting data
- G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
- G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
- G06F21/6245—Protecting personal data, e.g. for financial or medical purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
- G06Q20/10—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
- G06Q20/12—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
- G06Q20/123—Shopping for digital content
- G06Q20/1235—Shopping for digital content with control of digital rights management [DRM]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/385—Payment protocols; Details thereof using an alias or single-use codes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
- G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
- G06Q20/42—Confirmation, e.g. check or permission by the legal debtor of payment
- G06Q20/425—Confirmation, e.g. check or permission by the legal debtor of payment using two different networks, one for transaction and one for security confirmation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
- G06Q30/0241—Advertisements
- G06Q30/0277—Online advertisement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/06—Buying, selling or leasing transactions
- G06Q30/0601—Electronic shopping [e-shopping]
- G06Q30/0609—Buyer or seller confidence or verification
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/10—Services
- G06Q50/18—Legal services
- G06Q50/188—Electronic negotiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
- G07F17/16—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for devices exhibiting advertisements, announcements, pictures or the like
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/02—Transmitters
- H04B1/04—Circuits
- H04B1/0483—Transmitters with multiple parallel paths
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
- H04B7/0604—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching with predefined switching scheme
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/084—Equal gain combining, only phase adjustments
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
- H04B7/15535—Control of relay amplifier gain
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0041—Arrangements at the transmitter end
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
- H04L1/0066—Parallel concatenated codes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0067—Rate matching
- H04L1/0068—Rate matching by puncturing
- H04L1/0069—Puncturing patterns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0071—Use of interleaving
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
- H04L1/1819—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ] with retransmission of additional or different redundancy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1835—Buffer management
- H04L1/1841—Resequencing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1848—Time-out mechanisms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/12—Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
- H04L12/2807—Exchanging configuration information on appliance services in a home automation network
- H04L12/2809—Exchanging configuration information on appliance services in a home automation network indicating that an appliance service is present in a home automation network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
- H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
- H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
- H04L12/2869—Operational details of access network equipments
- H04L12/287—Remote access server, e.g. BRAS
- H04L12/2874—Processing of data for distribution to the subscribers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40052—High-speed IEEE 1394 serial bus
- H04L12/40078—Bus configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40169—Flexible bus arrangements
- H04L12/40176—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy
- H04L12/40195—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy by using a plurality of nodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/44—Star or tree networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2602—Signal structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/22—Traffic shaping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
- H04L47/2441—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS relying on flow classification, e.g. using integrated services [IntServ]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/34—Flow control; Congestion control ensuring sequence integrity, e.g. using sequence numbers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
- H04L47/621—Individual queue per connection or flow, e.g. per VC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
- H04L5/0023—Time-frequency-space
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0042—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path intra-user or intra-terminal allocation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0078—Timing of allocation
- H04L5/0082—Timing of allocation at predetermined intervals
- H04L5/0083—Timing of allocation at predetermined intervals symbol-by-symbol
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/06—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting key management in a packet data network
- H04L63/065—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for supporting key management in a packet data network for group communications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0807—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using tickets, e.g. Kerberos
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/10—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
- H04L63/102—Entity profiles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/14—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for detecting or protecting against malicious traffic
- H04L63/1441—Countermeasures against malicious traffic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
- H04L65/102—Gateways
- H04L65/1023—Media gateways
- H04L65/103—Media gateways in the network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
- H04L65/102—Gateways
- H04L65/1033—Signalling gateways
- H04L65/104—Signalling gateways in the network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
- H04L65/102—Gateways
- H04L65/1043—Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/1066—Session management
- H04L65/1101—Session protocols
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/14—Session management
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
- H04L67/30—Profiles
- H04L67/306—User profiles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/51—Discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
- H04L69/168—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP] specially adapted for link layer protocols, e.g. asynchronous transfer mode [ATM], synchronous optical network [SONET] or point-to-point protocol [PPP]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
- H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
- H04M1/0206—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings
- H04M1/0208—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings characterized by the relative motions of the body parts
- H04M1/0214—Foldable telephones, i.e. with body parts pivoting to an open position around an axis parallel to the plane they define in closed position
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/253—Telephone sets using digital voice transmission
- H04M1/2535—Telephone sets using digital voice transmission adapted for voice communication over an Internet Protocol [IP] network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/22—Arrangements for supervision, monitoring or testing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
- H04M7/0024—Services and arrangements where telephone services are combined with data services
- H04M7/0057—Services where the data services network provides a telephone service in addition or as an alternative, e.g. for backup purposes, to the telephone service provided by the telephone services network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
- H04M7/006—Networks other than PSTN/ISDN providing telephone service, e.g. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), including next generation networks with a packet-switched transport layer
- H04M7/0066—Details of access arrangements to the networks
- H04M7/0069—Details of access arrangements to the networks comprising a residential gateway, e.g. those which provide an adapter for POTS or ISDN terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/00127—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/00127—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture
- H04N1/00132—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture in a digital photofinishing system, i.e. a system where digital photographic images undergo typical photofinishing processing, e.g. printing ordering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/00127—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture
- H04N1/00132—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture in a digital photofinishing system, i.e. a system where digital photographic images undergo typical photofinishing processing, e.g. printing ordering
- H04N1/00137—Transmission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/00127—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture
- H04N1/00132—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture in a digital photofinishing system, i.e. a system where digital photographic images undergo typical photofinishing processing, e.g. printing ordering
- H04N1/00148—Storage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/00127—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture
- H04N1/00326—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture with a data reading, recognizing or recording apparatus, e.g. with a bar-code apparatus
- H04N1/00342—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus, e.g. for storage, processing or transmission of still picture signals or of information associated with a still picture with a data reading, recognizing or recording apparatus, e.g. with a bar-code apparatus with a radio frequency tag transmitter or receiver
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6125—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
- H04N21/64723—Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
- H04N21/64738—Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
- H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
- H04N7/0112—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level one of the standards corresponding to a cinematograph film standard
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/08—Systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal, e.g. additional information signals, the signals occupying wholly or partially the same frequency band, e.g. by time division
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/14—Systems for two-way working
- H04N7/141—Systems for two-way working between two video terminals, e.g. videophone
- H04N7/148—Interfacing a video terminal to a particular transmission medium, e.g. ISDN
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
- H04W28/14—Flow control between communication endpoints using intermediate storage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
- H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
- H04W52/143—Downlink power control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
- H04W52/245—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account received signal strength
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
- H04W52/46—TPC being performed in particular situations in multi hop networks, e.g. wireless relay networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
- H04W52/48—TPC being performed in particular situations during retransmission after error or non-acknowledgment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/02—Hybrid access
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/1608—Error detection by comparing the output signals of redundant hardware
- G06F11/1625—Error detection by comparing the output signals of redundant hardware in communications, e.g. transmission, interfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F2221/2101—Auditing as a secondary aspect
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F2221/2141—Access rights, e.g. capability lists, access control lists, access tables, access matrices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F2221/2149—Restricted operating environment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/30—Fuel cells in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0891—Space-time diversity
- H04B7/0894—Space-time diversity using different delays between antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
- H04B7/15507—Relay station based processing for cell extension or control of coverage area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1835—Buffer management
- H04L1/1845—Combining techniques, e.g. code combining
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
- H04L2001/0096—Channel splitting in point-to-point links
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40241—Flexray
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
- H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
- H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
- H04L2012/6445—Admission control
- H04L2012/6462—Movable boundaries in packets or frames
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
- H04L2209/12—Details relating to cryptographic hardware or logic circuitry
- H04L2209/127—Trusted platform modules [TPM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
- H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
- H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
- H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
- H04L69/326—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the transport layer [OSI layer 4]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
- H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
- H04M1/0206—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings
- H04M1/0208—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings characterized by the relative motions of the body parts
- H04M1/0225—Rotatable telephones, i.e. the body parts pivoting to an open position around an axis perpendicular to the plane they define in closed position
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
- H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
- H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
- H04M1/0206—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings
- H04M1/0208—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings characterized by the relative motions of the body parts
- H04M1/0235—Slidable or telescopic telephones, i.e. with a relative translation movement of the body parts; Telephones using a combination of translation and other relative motions of the body parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
- H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
- H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
- H04M3/42025—Calling or Called party identification service
- H04M3/42085—Called party identification service
- H04M3/42102—Making use of the called party identifier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
- H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
- H04N1/32128—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title attached to the image data, e.g. file header, transmitted message header, information on the same page or in the same computer file as the image
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
- H04N2201/0008—Connection or combination of a still picture apparatus with another apparatus
- H04N2201/0015—Control of image communication with the connected apparatus, e.g. signalling capability
- H04N2201/0017—Notifying a communication result
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
- H04N2201/0077—Types of the still picture apparatus
- H04N2201/0084—Digital still camera
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
- H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
- H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
- H04N2201/3204—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a user, sender, addressee, machine or electronic recording medium
- H04N2201/3205—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a user, sender, addressee, machine or electronic recording medium of identification information, e.g. name or ID code
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
- H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
- H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
- H04N2201/3225—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document
- H04N2201/3226—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to an image, a page or a document of identification information or the like, e.g. ID code, index, title, part of an image, reduced-size image
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/22—TPC being performed according to specific parameters taking into account previous information or commands
- H04W52/225—Calculation of statistics, e.g. average, variance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
- H04W52/241—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
- H04W52/242—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account path loss
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/005—Discovery of network devices, e.g. terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W8/00—Network data management
- H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
- H04W8/04—Registration at HLR or HSS [Home Subscriber Server]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
- H04W80/08—Upper layer protocols
- H04W80/10—Upper layer protocols adapted for application session management, e.g. SIP [Session Initiation Protocol]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S707/00—Data processing: database and file management or data structures
- Y10S707/99931—Database or file accessing
- Y10S707/99933—Query processing, i.e. searching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S707/00—Data processing: database and file management or data structures
- Y10S707/99931—Database or file accessing
- Y10S707/99933—Query processing, i.e. searching
- Y10S707/99936—Pattern matching access
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S707/00—Data processing: database and file management or data structures
- Y10S707/99931—Database or file accessing
- Y10S707/99939—Privileged access
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Development Economics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
- Bioethics (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Technology Law (AREA)
- Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
- Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
- Primary Health Care (AREA)
- Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及视频序列的辅助数据的预处理,以允许应用画面改进算法的改进的处理结果。检测并移除在基于块而提供数据项的辅助数据场内出现的不规则。特别地,相应处理胶片/视频模式指示或运动/静止指示。不规则的移除使能各个改进的图像处理,例如,上变换期间的插值处理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于处理视频序列的辅助数据的方法和信号处理器。特别地,本发明涉及为了实现视频序列的改进处理、特别是用于插值目的而进行的视频序列的辅助数据的预处理。
背景技术
在越来越多的应用中、特别是在现代电视接收机的数字信号处理中使用运动预测。具体地,现代电视接收机执行帧频转换,尤其是以上变换(up-conversion)或运动补偿上变换的形式,来提高再现图像的画面质量。例如,对具有50Hz的场或帧频的视频序列执行运动补偿上变换到更高的频率,如60Hz、66.67Hz、75Hz、100Hz等。50Hz的输入信号频率主要应用于基于PAL或SECAM标准的电视信号广播,而基于NTSC的视频信号具有60Hz的输入频率。可将60Hz的输入视频信号上变换到更高的频率,如72Hz、80Hz、90Hz、120Hz等。
在上变换期间,要生成中间图像,其反映50Hz或60Hz的输入视频序列未表示的时间位置上的视频内容。为此目的,必须考虑对象的运动,以适当地反映由对象的运动所引起的随后图像之间的改变。基于块来计算对象的运动,并基于在先前和随后图像之间的新生成图像的相对时间位置来执行运动补偿。
为了允许画面改进算法的处理,需要要被处理的视频序列的很多特征信息项。最好基于块而得到这些信息项。特征信息包括指明块是包括静止图像数据还是运动图像数据的数据、指明块的图像信息是否源自运动画面(胶片模式)的数据、以及指明在胶片模式情况下的运动相位图案的数据。这些数据允许为了插值的目的而选择适当的图像数据。
发明内容
本发明旨在允许基于要被处理的视频序列的辅助数据的增强、具有改进的画面质量的图像处理。
这通过独立权利要求的特征来实现上述目的。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了用于处理视频图像序列的辅助数据的方法。以包括用于图像的每个块的信息项的场的形式来接收辅助信息。对接收的辅助信息场进行滤波,以检测并消除不规则性(irregularity)。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了信号处理器,用于处理视频图像序列的辅助数据。该信号处理器接收辅助信息场。将每个视频图像划分为多个块,并且,辅助信息场包括用于图像的每个块的信息项。该信号处理器包括滤波器部件,用于对接收的辅助信息场进行滤波,以检测并消除不规则性。
本发明的特有方法是检测辅助信息的不正常图案,并从中消除这种图案。这样,将与其周围信息项相比而反映出不正常状态的辅助信息项消除、并将其替换为更可能的信息值。因而,由于不真实的信息项被替换为更真实的信息项,所以画面改进处理能够应用平滑的辅助信息场。
优选地,辅助信息表示视频序列的特征信息。通过应用本发明,可从辅助数据中移除有缺陷的确定。
根据优选实施例,辅助信息指明图像块是包含运动还是静止图像数据。因而,通过移除不可能的数据项,可在更可靠的基础上应用运动补偿插值。
优选地,为每个块提供单个位,以指明运动或静止图像数据。
优选地,辅助信息包括指明图像块是否包含胶片模式或视频模式数据的信息。更优选地,为其提供单个位。通过移除不可能的胶片模式或视频模式指示,可得到改进的运动补偿插值结果。
优选地,辅助信息还指明胶片模式块的各自运动方案(motion scheme)。这样,画面质量改进算法可在插值处理期间精确地考虑下拉方案的运动相位图案。
优选地,为各自运动方案的指示而提供三个位。最优选地,这三位指明了表示PAL运动相位图案的至少两个位组合、表示NTSC运动相位图案的五个位组合、以及表示图像场景改变的单个位组合。这样,对于世界范围的应用,可使用少量的位来表示所有最可能的下拉运动图案。
优选地,沿行或列方向来执行滤波。这样,可通过仅采用小计算量来有效地检测不规则性。
优选地,移除在水平或垂直方向上不具有对应值的至少两个相邻数据项的那些辅助数据项。根据替代实施例,移除在水平方向上不具有对应值的至少单个相邻数据项、且在垂直方向上不具有对应值的至少单个相邻数据项的各自辅助数据项。根据另一个替代实施例,移除在相邻位置上不具有至少两个对应数据项的辅助数据项。因而,可从数据项的场中有效地移除各自的不规则性。
优选地,用相邻块的数据项来替换被移除的数据项。这样,可应用具有低计算和硬件负担的有效率的隐蔽方案(concealment scheme)。
优选地,通过将块数据的当前图案与预先存储的不规则图案相比较,来执行不规则性的检测。一旦检测出当前图案与预先存储的不规则图案相匹配,便替换当前图案。通过提供多个预先定义的不规则图案,能够可靠地检测并移除可能的不规则配置。
优选地,与各个不规则图案相关联地存储替换图案。由此,一旦基于存储的不规则图案而检测出不规则性,便可采用最适当的替换图案。
低硬件复杂度的实施例采用三个数据项长度的图案,而更复杂的方法采用在两个方向上延伸的图案。这种二维图案方法能够以更高的效率和可靠性来检测多个不合理的不规则性。
本发明的优选实施例是从属权利要求的主题。
附图说明
从下面的优选实施例的描述中,本发明的其它实施例和优点将变得更为清楚,附图中:
图1图解了用于将视频图像划分为多个统一大小的块的示例,
图2图解了为视频图像的每个块提供的辅助信息的示例,
图3图解了为了将运动画面数据转换为隔行PAL和NTSC视频序列的通用下拉方案,
图4图解了指明运动相位的辅助数据的示例编码,
图5图解了辅助数据的示例场,其中,通过应用水平和垂直滤波来移除各个不规则性,
图6图解了为了移除一个块宽度的不规则而应用的水平滤波,
图7是示出滤波处理的步骤的流程图,
图8是示出一旦替换了模式数据项、便对运动相位数据应用的滤波处理的步骤的流程图,以及
图9图解了各个垂直滤波所需要的存储容量。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及数字信号处理,尤其涉及在现代电视接收机中的信号处理。现代电视接收机采用上变换算法,以提高再现的画面质量。为此目的,从两幅后续图像而生成中间图像。为了生成中间图像,必须考虑对象的运动,以使对象位置适当地与由插值图像所反映的时间点相适应。
基于块来执行运动估计。为此目的,如图1所示,将每个接收图像划分为多个块。通过确定先前图像中的最佳匹配块,对每个当前块各自进行运动估计。
图1图解了将每个视频图像划分为多个块B(x,y)。每块具有宽度X和高度Y,其中,X和Y分别表示在行和列方向上的像素的数目。可采用下面的公式来计算每行或列的块数:
xmax=每行的像素数/X
ymax=每列的像素数/Y
现代电视接收机中的数字信号处理应用画面改进算法,其利用反映要被处理的视频序列的特征信息的辅助数据。为此目的,最好将静止图像/运动图像指示、胶片/视频指示、以及运动相位指示基于块而包括在辅助数据中。从块模式检测(BMD)处理产生这些数据。块模式检测是现代媒体显示设备,如CRT、TFT或等离子显示器的部分特征。BMD的主要功能是自动选择信号处理的设置,以实现当前视频数据的最佳画面质量。
辅助信息可用于每个输入视频场的每个块,其中,以块矩阵的形式来存储各个数据项。图2中图解了为每个块检索出的各个信息的示例。从中可以看出,对于每个块来说,辅助信息包括静止/运动指示30、胶片/视频模式指示20、以及运动相位指示10。
运动/静止信息30有1个位宽(Bs),并能够确定输入场的当前块与运动还是静止对象相关。如果指明了静止块,则可使用来自两个后续场的图像数据来进行重新隔行扫描(reinterleaving),以实现最佳画面质量输出。优选地,将静止/运动位定义如下:
0=运动
1=静止
使用另一个位(Bm)指明胶片模式或视频模式。如果当前块的数据源自胶片模式,则两个(A+B)或三个(A+B+A)场与相同的运动相位有关。反之,在视频模式中,每个场与不同的运动相位有关。最好将胶片/视频模式位(Bm)定义如下:
0=视频照相机
1=运动画面胶片
在运动画面数据的情况中,额外提供三位相位信息(BP)。该三位信息(BP)反映了当前胶片数据的运动相位图案。
与隔行扫描视频信号相反,运动画面数据由全部的帧构成。运动画面数据最普遍的帧频是24Hz。当将运动画面数据变换为用于在电视接收机上显示的隔行扫描视频序列时,通过使用“下拉”技术而将24Hz的帧频转换为隔行扫描视频序列。
为了将运动画面胶片转换为场频50Hz的隔行扫描PAL,采用2-2下拉技术。2-2下拉技术从每个胶片帧中生成两个场。以每秒25帧来播放运动画面胶片。由此,两个连续的场包含来源于相同帧的信息。
当将运动画面转换为场频60Hz的NTSC时,采用3-2下拉技术将24Hz的帧频转换为60Hz的场频。3-2下拉技术从给定运动画面帧中生成两个视频场,并从下一个运动画面帧中生成三个视频场。如可从上述下拉技术中得知的,所得到的视频序列包括反映相同运动相位的成对或三个一组的相邻场。图3中图解了用于根据PAL或NTSC标准将运动画面帧转换为的视频场而采用的下拉技术。
在图4中,通过示例的方式示出了由运动相位位(BP)反映的运动相位。第一列区分了为PAL和NTSC运动相位提供的各个位组合,而在第4列中示出了各自的运动相位序列。第二列表示其各自的三位编码,而第三列表示相应的十六进制值。
本画面质量改进算法必须处理不规则或有缺陷的辅助信息,特别是对于静止/运动指示、胶片/视频模式指示、和/或运动相位指示。这些不规则导致了各个画面质量的损害。
本发明通过对辅助信息项的场应用滤波而移除这种不规则。为此目的,本发明利用每个辅助数据项的空间相邻数据项来检测不规则的数据项。图5用中图解了用于移除不规则数据项的示例。
图5图解了20×16个块的场。指明的示例有关二进制指示,如模式/静止数据指示或胶片/视频模式指示。所有白色块与二进制值0相关,黑色块与二进制值1相关。此外,图5的虚线块还表示二进制值1,然而其仅有1个块的宽度。通过水平滤波(X2,X4)、或通过垂直滤波(X1,X3)来检测并移除这些块。可以通过水平或可替代地通过垂直滤波(X5)来移除所述不规则性中的一些。仅通过应用水平(X1)或垂直滤波(X2)来移除位于所示出的数据项的场的边界的单个块。
图6中图解了水平滤波器的应用的示例。估计出三位B2、B3、B4的当前图案。比较位置B2、B3和B4上的数据值,并且,一旦检测出中间值B3不同于相邻值B2、B4,便用相邻数据项的值来替换中间值B3。由此,如果水平滤波器检测出二进制序列“010”或“101”中的不规则,则将此不规则改变为序列“000”或“111”。以对应的方式,用于检测并移除不规则的估计出的序列可具有更大的宽度,例如5个数据项B1-B5。因而,将二进制序列“00100”或“11011”中的不规则分别改变为“00000”或“11111”。
图7中图解了用于如上面所估计的三个数据项的处理。在步骤S10中,将不规则的图案与块位置B2、B3和B4上的当前数据值相比较。如果中间图案B3不同于相邻图案B2、B4,则检测出不规则,并且,在步骤S20中,用相邻位置的值来替换该不规则。反之,如果未检测出不规则,则不改变当前数据项(步骤S30)。
Bm的模式处理类似于Bs的该处理。
与图8结合描述的用于运动相位数据项的滤波过程和上面的过程略有不同。最好通过三位值(BP)来表示运动相位指示。另外,运动相位直接取决于检测出的胶片/视频模式。如果由于在步骤S10中的不规则检测而改变了胶片/视频模式信息(Bm),则在步骤S60中,相应地改变各个运动相位(BP)(参照图8)。一旦由于检测出的不规则而改变了胶片/视频模式指示,则基于先前和后续块B2、B4的运动相位来计算新的运动相位值。将这两个运动相位取平均并舍入(round up),以得到中间块B3的相位信息。另一方面,如果胶片/视频模式值未改变(步骤S30),则也保持该运动相位信息(步骤S70)。
当进行如通过参照图6、图7和图8中的水平滤波而以示例方式描述的滤波时,以各种方式来执行垂直滤波。然而,硬件负担略有增加,因为水平滤波操作仅需要用于与所估计的块(即,优选为三个相邻块)的数目相对应的多个数据项的存储容量。相比之下,垂直滤波操作需要用于存储各个数目的行(即,优选为两行块、以及用于估计三个垂直相邻块的附加块)的数据项的存储容量。图9中示出了这种存储器要求。
附图标记900指示完整图像的辅助数据的场。在图9中,将为处理垂直相邻数据项910、920和930而存储的数据项940标记为灰色块。
上述滤波操作适用于除了边界行和边界列的所有块位置。为了适当处理这些块,由于缺少相邻数据而禁止垂直或水平滤波操作。对于第一和最后一行,禁止垂直滤波,而对于第一和最后一列,禁止水平滤波。
根据优选实施例,将多个不规则图案存储在查找表中。将要估计的图案与一组存储的不规则图案相比较。在当前图案与存储的图案中的一个相匹配的情况中,检测出不规则并将其从数据项的场中移除。
优选地,记录的不规则图案已存储了相关联的替换图案。可使用这些替换图案,作为结合图6、图7和图8描述的替换处理的替代实施例。
查找表的使用还允许采用二维不规则图案,例如,4×4块大小的块图案。在图5中,通过X6来表示其示例。二维块图案可以更精确地消除对角线、水平和垂直、以及其它种类的不理想的辅助数据配置。
综上所述,本发明涉及视频序列的辅助数据的预处理,以允许用于应用画面改进算法的改进的处理结果。检测并移除在基于块而提供数据项的辅助数据场内出现的不规则。特别地,相应地处理胶片/视频模式指示或运动/静止指示。不规则的移除允许各个改进的图像处理,例如,在上变换和隔行扫描/逐行扫描转换期间的插值处理。
Claims (42)
1、一种用于处理视频图像序列的辅助信息的方法,每个视频图像被划分为多个块,该方法包括以下步骤:
接收包括用于图像的每个块的信息项(10、20、30)的辅助信息场,以及
对接收的辅助信息场进行滤波,以检测并消除不规则性。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述辅助信息是所述视频序列的特征信息。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,所述辅助信息指明图像块是否包含运动或静止图像数据。
4、如权利要求3所述的方法,其中,为每个块提供单个位(Bs),以指明运动或静止图像数据。
5、如权利要求1至4中的任一个所述的方法,其中,所述辅助信息指明图像块是否包含胶片模式或视频模式数据。
6、如权利要求5所述的方法,其中,为每个块提供单个位(Bm),以指明胶片模式或视频模式。
7、如权利要求5或6所述的方法,其中,所述辅助信息还包含指明胶片模式块的各自运动方案的相位信息。
8、如权利要求7所述的方法,其中,为每个块提供至少3位(Bp),以指明各自运动方案。
9、如权利要求8所述的方法,其中,所述至少3位(Bp)包括表示PAL运动图案的两个位组合(PAL0、PAL1)。
10、如权利要求8或9所述的方法,其中,所述至少3位(Bp)包括表示NTSC运动图案的5个位组合(NTSC0-NTSC4)。
11、如权利要求8至10中的任一个所述的方法,其中,所述至少3位包括表示图像场景改变的位组合(剪接)。
12、如权利要求1至11中的任一个所述的方法,其中,所述滤波沿行或列方向检测并消除不规则性。
13、如权利要求12所述的方法,其中,检测并消除在水平或垂直方向上不具有对应值的至少两个相邻数据项(B2、B4)的各自辅助数据项(B3)。
14、如权利要求12所述的方法,其中,检测并消除在水平方向上不具有对应值的至少单个相邻数据项、且在垂直方向上不具有对应值的至少单个相邻数据项的各自辅助数据项。
15、如权利要求12所述的方法,其中,检测并消除不具有至少两个对应的相邻数据项的各自辅助数据项。
16、如权利要求1至15中的任一个所述的方法,其中,通过用相邻块的各个数据项(B2)来替换检测出的不规则数据项(B3),消除所述数据项(B3)。
17、如权利要求1至16中的任一个所述的方法,其中,所述检测步骤包括以下步骤:
将块数据的当前图案与预先存储的不规则图案相比较(S10),以及
一旦检测出当前图案与预先存储的不规则图案相匹配,就替换(S20)当前图案。
18、如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,与各个不规则图案相关联地存储替换图案。
19、如权利要求17或18所述的方法,其中,所述当前图案(B2、B3、B4)具有3或5个数据项之间的长度,特别是3个数据项。
20、如权利要求17或18所述的方法,其中,所述当前图案(X6)是二维延伸的。
21、一种用于基于运动补偿而对视频图像序列进行插值的方法,其中,所述插值器根据权利要求1至20中的任一个的处理方法,对接收的辅助数据进行处理。
22、一种用于处理视频图像序列的辅助数据的信号处理器,该信号处理器接收辅助信息场,其中,每个视频图像被划分为多个块,并且,所述辅助信息场包括用于图像的每个块的信息项,该信号处理器包括滤波器部件,用于对所述接收的辅助信息场进行滤波,以检测并消除不规则性。
23、如权利要求22所述的信号处理器,其中,所述辅助信息是所述视频序列的特征信息。
24、如权利要求22或23所述的信号处理器,其中,所述辅助信息指明图像块是否包含运动或静止图像数据。
25、如权利要求24所述的信号处理器,其中,为每个块提供单个位(Bs),以指明运动或静止图像数据。
26、如权利要求22至25中的任一个所述的信号处理器,其中,所述辅助信息指明图像块是否包含胶片模式或视频模式数据。
27、如权利要求26所述的信号处理器,其中,为每个块提供单个位(Bm),以指明胶片模式或视频模式。
28、如权利要求26或27所述的信号处理器,其中,所述辅助信息还包含指明视频模式块的各自运动方案的相位信息。
29、如权利要求28所述的信号处理器,其中,为每个块提供至少3位(Bp),以指明各自运动方案。
30、如权利要求29所述的信号处理器,其中,所述至少3位(Bp)包括表示PAL运动图案的两个位组合(PAL0、PAL1)。
31、如权利要求29或30所述的信号处理器,其中,所述至少3位(Bp)包括表示NTSC运动图案的5个位组合(NTSC0-NTSC4)。
32、如权利要求29至31中的任一个所述的信号处理器,其中,所述至少3位包括表示图像场景改变的位组合(剪接)。
33、如权利要求22至32中的任一个所述的信号处理器,其中,所述滤波器部件沿行或列方向执行滤波操作。
34、如权利要求33所述的信号处理器,其中,所述滤波器部件检测并消除在水平或垂直方向上不具有对应值的至少两个相邻数据项(B2、B4)的各自辅助数据项(B3)。
35、如权利要求33所述的信号处理器,其中,所述滤波器部件检测并消除在水平方向上不具有对应值的至少单个相邻数据项、且在垂直方向上不具有对应值的至少单个相邻数据项的各自辅助数据项。
36、如权利要求33所述的信号处理器,其中,所述滤波器部件检测并消除不具有至少两个对应的相邻数据项的各自辅助数据项。
37、如权利要求22至36中的任一个所述的信号处理器,其中,所述滤波器部件通过用相邻块的各个数据项(B2)来替换检测出的不规则数据项(B3),消除所述数据项(B3)。
38、如权利要求22至37中的任一个所述的信号处理器,其中,所述滤波器部件包括:
存储器,用于存储至少一个不规则图案,
比较器,用于将相邻块数据的当前图案与所述预先存储的不规则图案相比较,以及
替换单元,用于一旦检测出当前图案与预先存储的不规则图案相匹配,就替换当前图案。
39、如权利要求38所述的信号处理器,其中,所述存储器还与各个不规则图案相关联地存储替换图案。
40、如权利要求38或39所述的信号处理器,其中,所述当前图案具有3或5个数据项之间的长度,特别是3个数据项。
41、如权利要求38或39所述的信号处理器,其中,所述当前图案是二维延伸的。
42、一种用于基于运动补偿对视频图像序列进行插值的插值器,其中,所述插值器包括根据权利要求22至41中的任一个的、用于对接收的辅助数据进行处理的信号处理器,用于执行所述运动补偿插值。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04010302.0 | 2004-04-30 | ||
EP04010302A EP1592259B1 (en) | 2004-04-30 | 2004-04-30 | Processing auxiliary data of video sequences |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1694504A true CN1694504A (zh) | 2005-11-09 |
CN100466684C CN100466684C (zh) | 2009-03-04 |
Family
ID=34924806
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB2005100696184A Expired - Fee Related CN100466684C (zh) | 2004-04-30 | 2005-04-29 | 视频序列的辅助数据的处理 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050243934A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1592259B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4746909B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20060047491A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN100466684C (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1960520B (zh) * | 2006-09-30 | 2011-02-23 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种在移动多媒体广播中传递辅助数据的方法 |
US8275232B2 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2012-09-25 | Mediatek Inc. | Apparatus and method of transmitting / receiving multimedia playback enhancement information, VBI data, or auxiliary data through digital transmission means specified for multimedia data transmission |
US9124874B2 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2015-09-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Encoding of three-dimensional conversion information with two-dimensional video sequence |
CN103209329B (zh) * | 2012-11-29 | 2016-12-28 | 浙江师范大学 | 一种图像处理中的差错隐藏算法 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3199720B2 (ja) * | 1990-07-13 | 2001-08-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | テレビジョン受像機および信号検出回路 |
JPH04168577A (ja) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-06-16 | Nec Off Syst Ltd | 画像処理装置 |
US5305104A (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1994-04-19 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Digitally assisted motion compensated deinterlacing for enhanced definition television |
US5430487A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1995-07-04 | Matsushita Electric Corporation Of America | Method and apparatus for improving temporal video signal processing using motion vectors transmitted with the video signal |
JP3385077B2 (ja) * | 1993-10-28 | 2003-03-10 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 動きベクトル検出装置 |
JPH08140091A (ja) * | 1994-11-07 | 1996-05-31 | Kokusai Electric Co Ltd | 画像伝送システム |
KR100198986B1 (ko) * | 1995-03-15 | 1999-06-15 | 전주범 | 블록킹 현상방지용 움직임 보상장치 |
KR100197368B1 (ko) * | 1995-12-23 | 1999-06-15 | 전주범 | 영상 에러 복구 장치 |
US6141448A (en) * | 1997-04-21 | 2000-10-31 | Hewlett-Packard | Low-complexity error-resilient coder using a block-based standard |
US6094228A (en) * | 1997-10-28 | 2000-07-25 | Ciardullo; Daniel Andrew | Method for transmitting data on viewable portion of a video signal |
US6178205B1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2001-01-23 | Vtel Corporation | Video postfiltering with motion-compensated temporal filtering and/or spatial-adaptive filtering |
US6661905B1 (en) * | 1998-03-23 | 2003-12-09 | Koplar Interactive Systems International Llc | Method for transmitting data on a viewable portion of a video signal |
DE19963933A1 (de) * | 1999-12-31 | 2001-07-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Kontaktschutzgehäuse, Einspritzpumpe und Verfahren zum Montieren eines Kontaktschutzgehäuses mit Hilfe eines Adapters |
GB2358309A (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2001-07-18 | Snell & Wilcox Ltd | Analysing motion between adjacent fields using weighted field difference |
US6931063B2 (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2005-08-16 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling loop filtering or post filtering in block based motion compensationed video coding |
JP2002369156A (ja) * | 2001-06-11 | 2002-12-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 映像信号変換装置 |
KR100902315B1 (ko) * | 2002-07-25 | 2009-06-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 디인터레이싱장치 및 방법 |
EP1592250A1 (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-11-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Film-mode detection in video sequences |
-
2004
- 2004-04-30 EP EP04010302A patent/EP1592259B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-04-21 JP JP2005123748A patent/JP4746909B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-27 KR KR1020050034844A patent/KR20060047491A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-04-28 US US11/116,250 patent/US20050243934A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-29 CN CNB2005100696184A patent/CN100466684C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1592259B1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
US20050243934A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
EP1592259A1 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
JP4746909B2 (ja) | 2011-08-10 |
CN100466684C (zh) | 2009-03-04 |
KR20060047491A (ko) | 2006-05-18 |
JP2005318588A (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8004607B2 (en) | Region-based cadence detector | |
CN1071074C (zh) | 用于识别由影片源产生的视频场的方法和装置 | |
CN1265633C (zh) | 去隔行装置和方法 | |
CN100348035C (zh) | 计算运动矢量的方法与设备 | |
CN1694503A (zh) | 在视频序列中的胶片方式检测 | |
CN1694498A (zh) | 在静止区域的影片模式纠正 | |
US7705913B2 (en) | Unified approach to film mode detection | |
CN1694497A (zh) | 块模式自适应运动补偿 | |
CN1173571C (zh) | 检测一序列视频图象中的静止区域的方法 | |
CN1694500A (zh) | 视频序列中的文字收报机处理 | |
CN1627793A (zh) | 降噪电路及方法 | |
CN1717920A (zh) | 运动序列模式的检测 | |
CN1678024A (zh) | 改进的图像边界处的运动向量估计 | |
CN1512771A (zh) | 视频信号去隔行的方法及装置 | |
CN1678023A (zh) | 使用行和列向量的运动向量估计 | |
CN1905664A (zh) | 视频处理设备和方法 | |
CN1362832A (zh) | 数据处理方法 | |
CN1694504A (zh) | 视频序列的辅助数据的处理 | |
CN1694501A (zh) | 反胶片模式外插 | |
CN1505386A (zh) | 去隔行扫描装置和方法 | |
CN1694525A (zh) | 图像状态信息校正 | |
CN1620131A (zh) | 图像处理装置和图像处理方法 | |
CN1694496A (zh) | 影片模式外推法 | |
CN1848910A (zh) | 具有相对于亮度级的运动值校正的全局运动自适应系统 | |
CN1741604A (zh) | 将隔行扫描图像转换为逐行扫描图像的装置和方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090304 Termination date: 20130429 |