CN1687238A - Technique for extracting edible natural red color element from psammophyte of nitraria - Google Patents
Technique for extracting edible natural red color element from psammophyte of nitraria Download PDFInfo
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- CN1687238A CN1687238A CNA2005100418812A CN200510041881A CN1687238A CN 1687238 A CN1687238 A CN 1687238A CN A2005100418812 A CNA2005100418812 A CN A2005100418812A CN 200510041881 A CN200510041881 A CN 200510041881A CN 1687238 A CN1687238 A CN 1687238A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an extraction process for extracting edible natural red coloring matter from psammophyte nitraria sibiria. Said invention uses the fruit of wild nitraria sibiria as raw material and adopts the processes of ethyl alcohol extraction, removing impurities, concentrating and drying so as to obtain the invented product which has high color fastness for protein, starch and sugar, etc. and can be used for coloring beverage, sweets, liquor and other foods.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the food chemistry field, relate to a kind of preparation method of edible natural pigment, relate in particular to a kind of technology of from the white thorn of psammophyte, extracting natural food-pigment of red rice.
Background technology
Along with synthetic food color to the deepening continuously of human health damage Journal of Sex Research, its use is restricted day by day.Simultaneously, along with the enhancing of haunt and plague still natural, the back to nature of people, safety first psychological needs, natural pigment obtains paying attention to and developing rapidly.Although the natural pigment price is more expensive, and often be subjected to the restriction of processing conditions, because of its from natural, and often also have certain healthy nutritive value, even pharmaceutical use.Therefore, in " green movement " cry more and more higher today, because the human consumer takes like a shot, the development prospect of natural pigment is very good.Self colour have numerous species, and anthocyanogen is a class water colo(u)r wherein.The same with other natural pigment, in recent years, the research of anthocyani pigment and utilization have also obtained extensive attention." natural additive for foodstuff handbook (Ling Guanting chief editor, Chemical Industry Press, 2000) introduced kind more than 40, wherein succeed in developing, and produced and use by industrialization haematochrome from Pericarpium Vitis viniferae, Roselle Calyx, red cabbage, Williams Elder Twig, purple corn, black currant and Raphanus sativus var.niger etc. arranged.But the higher plant of some pigment content can't carry out the commercialization utilization because of the raw material restriction.Compare with the pigment in these sources, have affluent resources, and the high white thorn redness of pigment content have and develops advantage and potentiality more by force.
The zygophyllaceae plant is stung in vain, is one of advantage shrub population in the desert, because germinating is very capable, and the large stretch of shrubbery of normal formation in the desert.12 kinds have been found in the Nitraria plant whole world, in state-owned 8 kinds.The every physico-chemical property and the toxicological evaluation excellent property of white thorn pigment.The haematochrome that utilizes Fructus Nitraria schoberi to extract contains multiple human body essential amino acid and a large amount of VITAMIN, and no any untoward reaction after edible, the beauty and make-up has everything to gain and nothing to lose to human body; Albumen, starch and carbohydrate all there are more firm dying property, are used for food colors such as beverage, candy, wine, can, respond well, can be widely used in drinks, beverage, food, medicine, makeup and chemical industry.
The utilization of dialogue thorn fresh fruit is administered with the economic worth of exploitation psammophyte desertification land and has been obtained perfect the combination, and the economic worth for the exploitation psammophyte combines ecological construction and industry development, has important practical significance and economic implications.White thorn haematochrome will be used widely in foodstuffs industry, makeup, medicine, healthcare products, biological dye, biological reagent.In recent years, China attaches great importance to western provinces and regions exploitation and has the chokeberry class Biological resources of region feature, and as obtaining a series of achievements in research aspect the comprehensive utilization of resources such as sea-buckthorn, white thorn, matrimony vine, the industrialization pattern progressively forms.The present invention is the continuity of white thorn comprehensive utilization; be with protection and to recover desert, desert, saline and alkaline ecotope be prerequisite; the white thorn that has region feature and resources advantage with comprehensive utilization is a purpose; research and development utilize white thorn pigment technology and product innovation pattern, for the white thorn of mass-producing exploitation resource provides series technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of extraction process of from the white thorn of psammophyte, extracting natural food-pigment of red rice.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following measure:
A kind of technology of extracting natural food-pigment of red rice from the white thorn of psammophyte comprises following processing step: 1. will or sting the fresh fruit making beating in vain and take off seed and get jam through the white thorn dry fruit of sterilization, clean; 2. with gained jam with 20～90% ethanolic soln under 50～80 ℃ temperature, extracted 50～120 minutes extraction liquid; 3. filter extraction liquid; 4. the impurity in the separating and extracting liquid: comprise the separation of a, resin: remove resin in the extraction liquid with sherwood oil; The separation of b, pectin: with ultra-filtration membrane filtering pectin macromole; Separating of c, sugar and polysaccharide: get except that sugar in the extraction liquid and polysaccharide with acetone soln; D, proteinic separation: get except that the protein in the extraction liquid with salting-out process or organic solvent method; 5. with above-mentioned concentrated, the dry haematochrome powder that gets of deimpurity extraction liquid of getting.
1. described step is soaked 5～20 minutes dialogue thorn dry fruits with sodium bisulfate or is stung fresh fruit in vain and carry out surface sterilization.
The 2. described extraction process of step can repeat repeatedly.
The step 3. filtration process of described extraction liquid is: earlier extraction liquid is crossed filter cake on silicon, again through Plate Filtration.
Step 4. described in the separating technology of resin be: the ethanol in the evaporation extraction liquid, add sherwood oil again, stir, leave standstill, precipitation, layering, draw the resin and the film class material on extraction liquid upper strata then.
Step 4. described in the separating technology of pectin be: in extraction liquid, adds concentration and be 55%～66% ethanolic soln, stir, leave standstill, precipitate, separate, and the mother liquor after will separating passes through the ultra-filtration membrane between 0.01～10 μ m of aperture, remove the pectin macromole.
Step 4. described in sugar and the separating technology of polysaccharide be: cool off extraction liquid rapidly, and leave standstill below-18 ℃, post precipitation gets except that throw out separating polyose; Add acetone soln again in mother liquor, stirring, sedimentation are also removed sugar in the throw out.
Step 4. described in proteinic separating technology be: in described extraction liquid, add NaCl or ethanol or acetone soln, stir, precipitate and get except that the protein in the throw out.
Prior art of the present invention is compared and is had the following advantages:
1, red gorgeous, the look valency height of haematochrome color and luster of the present invention's acquisition, absorbancy is good, constant product quality, albumen, starch and carbohydrate all there is more firm dying property, be used for food colors such as beverage, candy, wine, can, respond well, also can be used for the production of medicine, makeup etc., be the ideal natural pigment.
2, the haematochrome that obtains of the present invention nutritious, be free from side effects: through check, sting haematochrome in vain and contain multiple human body essential amino acid and multivitamin and trace element, have no adverse reaction after edible, the beauty and make-up, safe and reliable.
3, raw material abundance of the present invention, cheap: wild Fructus Nitraria schoberi output is huge, and stable.Skin slag after squeezing the juice can satisfy the extraction production of haematochrome, and deficiency also can be extracted from fruit juice.This is waste material for a peel residue, but buy cheap.
4, storage tolerance of the present invention, easy to use: this product is red fine particle, and vacuum, low temperature, lucifuge can be stored the several years, never degenerate, and do not reduce the look valency, have advantages of higher stability.During use, a little adds water is solubilized, can transfer concentration as required.
Embodiment
From the white thorn of psammophyte, extract the technology of natural food-pigment of red rice, comprise following processing step:
1, raw material is handled
(1) fruit cleans that (contain moisture 85.5%～89.5% though sting fresh fruit in vain, cause and effect nuclear is big and hard, and contains abundant colloid, presses difficulty of extracting juice with fresh fruit, so take fresh fruit drying in the sun method preservation fruit more.) will sting dry fruit in vain and remove foreign material and surface adhesion thing through artificial or mechanical grading, soak 5～20min through 0.2% sodium bisulfite again and carry out surface sterilization, then through the reciprocating sieve spray washing.
(2) lixiviate will be loaded in the stainless steel basket cage through the fruit of sterilization, cleaning, then it is immersed in the cement pit with edible coating coating, adds the softening water of 3～6 times of dry fruit amounts, lixiviate 10h.
(3) making beating is taken off the seed lixiviate and is finished, and water is drenched do, and pulls an oar with the single track hollander and takes off seed and get really nitraria sibirica pall juice.Seed can be used for the extraction of white thorn oil.
Diatomite filter is adopted in the filtration of (4) filtration, sterilization extractive juice.Tubular type instantaneous sterilizing device is adopted in sterilization, and mends with the pasteurization after the can, to guarantee thorough sterilization.
(5) fruit juice concentrate concentrates with thin-film evaporator.
2, pigment extracts and to make extraction solvent with 50%～80% ethanolic soln, to repeatedly extract through single jar of above-mentioned nitraria sibirica pall juice employing extraction liquid.Liquid-solid ratio is 1: 10～1: 20 during extraction, 50 ℃-80 ℃ of extraction temperature, and 50～120 minutes extraction time, reinforced highly is 60%～80% of extractor.
3, filter extraction liquid the gained extraction liquid is filtered on silicon, precipitates, purify through Plate Filtration again.
4, impurity separates
(1) separation of resin: extraction liquid filters the back and evaporate ethanol and the recovery of condensation simultaneously in decompression evaporator, controlled temperature is at 40 ℃～60 ℃ during evaporation, the sherwood oil that weigh add in extraction liquid then and extraction liquid etc., stirred 1～2 hour, precipitate about 10 minutes, the resin and the film class material that go to the upper strata are inhaled in the extraction liquid layering, evaporate the sherwood oil of extraction liquid lower floor, the pigment extract behind the resin that is removed.
(2) separation of pectin: heavy concentration such as adding and extraction liquid are 55%～66% ethanolic soln in pigment extraction liquid, stir 10 minutes, leave standstill after 12～24 hours pectin to be precipitated out, and the pectin that is precipitated out can separate with whizzer.Refining by ultra-filtration membrane then, pigment extract by the ultra-filtration membrane between 0.01～10 μ m of aperture, is held back the pectin macromole, and allowed organic molecule pass through, thereby reach the purpose of removing pectin.
(3) sugar and the separating of polysaccharide: be not less than under-18 ℃ the condition, filtrate is cooled off rapidly, kept polysaccharide precipitation 30 minutes, with siphonage with the clear liquor sucking-off, put into slurry tank, add an amount of concentration 100% acetone then, sedimentation 6 hours, remove desaccharification, the clear liquor sucking-off, acetone is reclaimed in distillation, must remove the pigment extract of sugar and polysaccharide.
(4) proteinic separation:, in the aqueous solution, can form stable colloidal solution, therefore because protein self has electric charge and moisture film, make protein precipitation, can take salting-out process: promptly in extracting solution, add 1%～5%NaCl solution, stirred 1 hour, with protein precipitation and removal; Or use organic solvent method, and promptly in extracting solution, add ethanol or acetone soln, because this this solvent is big with water affinity, can destroy the moisture film on the protein, and make proteinic solubleness reduction and precipitate and remove.
5, vacuum concentration
Utilize the economic benefits and social benefits thin-film evaporator, under 45～52 ℃ of conditions, the pigment extract of above-mentioned removal impurity decompression cryogenic vacuum is concentrated, obtain the concentrated solution of 15 degree Beaume.
6, spraying drying
With concentrated solution by the drying machine with centrifugal spray drying, 180～200 ℃ of inlet temperatures, 80～90 ℃ of temperature outs, rate of drying 5kg/ hour, dry Powdered haematochrome finished product.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of technology of extracting natural food-pigment of red rice from the white thorn of psammophyte comprises following processing step: 1. will or sting the fresh fruit making beating in vain and take off seed and get jam through the white thorn dry fruit of sterilization, clean; 2. with gained jam with 20～90% ethanolic soln under 50～80 ℃ temperature, extracted 50～120 minutes extraction liquid; 3. filter extraction liquid; 4. the impurity in the separating and extracting liquid: comprise the separation of a, resin: remove resin in the extraction liquid with sherwood oil; The separation of b, pectin: with ultra-filtration membrane filtering pectin macromole; Separating of c, sugar and polysaccharide: get except that sugar in the extraction liquid and polysaccharide with acetone soln; D, proteinic separation: remove protein in the extraction liquid with salting-out process or organic solvent method; 5. will get concentrated, the dry haematochrome powder that gets of deimpurity extraction liquid.
2, the technology of extracting natural food-pigment of red rice from the white thorn of psammophyte as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the 1. middle employing sodium bisulfate of step soaks 5～20 minutes dialogue thorn dry fruits or stings fresh fruit in vain and carry out surface sterilization.
3, the technology of extracting natural food-pigment of red rice from the white thorn of psammophyte as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the 2. described extraction process of step repeats repeatedly.
4, the technology of extracting natural food-pigment of red rice from the white thorn of psammophyte as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the step 3. filtration process of described extraction liquid is: earlier extraction liquid is crossed filter cake on silicon, again through Plate Filtration.
5, the technology of from the white thorn of psammophyte, extracting natural food-pigment of red rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 4. described in the separating technology of resin be: evaporate the ethanol in the extraction liquid, add sherwood oil again, stir, leave standstill, precipitation, layering, draw the resin and the film class material on extraction liquid upper strata then.
6, the technology of from the white thorn of psammophyte, extracting natural food-pigment of red rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 4. described in the separating technology of pectin be: in extraction liquid, add concentration and be 55%～66% ethanolic soln, stir, leave standstill, precipitate, separate, and the mother liquor after will separating is removed the pectin macromole by the ultra-filtration membrane between 0.01～10 μ m of aperture.
7, the technology of from the white thorn of psammophyte, extracting natural food-pigment of red rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 4. described in sugar and the separating technology of polysaccharide be: cool off extraction liquid rapidly, and leave standstill below-18 ℃, post precipitation gets except that throw out separating polyose; Add acetone soln again in mother liquor, stirring, sedimentation are also removed sugar in the throw out.
8, the technology of from the white thorn of psammophyte, extracting natural food-pigment of red rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 4. described in proteinic separating technology be: in described extraction liquid, add NaCl or ethanol or acetone soln, stir, precipitate and get except that the protein in the throw out.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103462032A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-12-25 | 娄志 | Anti-aging Nitraria fruit and vegetable powder and its preparation method |
| CN103829242A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-04 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Health-care food containing fruit of nitraria red pigment |
| CN106509318A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-22 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Nitraria tangutorum pigment soft candy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106947283A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-14 | 北京师范大学 | The extraction of haematochrome and the preparation of red seal ink in nitraria schoberi fruit |
| CN106967306A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-21 | 北京师范大学 | The extraction of purpurin and the preparation of purple seal ink in nitraria schoberi fruit |
| CN108850325A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-11-23 | 赵寓民 | A kind of wild white bur tea and its production technology |
| CN113336813A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-03 | 东北农业大学 | Natural anthocyanin preparation method based on nitraria fruit extract |
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| CN86105236A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1987-02-11 | 邱文民 | A kind of extracting method of natural red colouring matter |
| CN1030346A (en) * | 1987-07-04 | 1989-01-18 | 中国科学院感光化学研究所 | From marine alga, extract the method for natural food colour |
| CN1034939A (en) * | 1988-07-18 | 1989-08-23 | 中国预防医学科学院劳动卫生与职业病研究所 | A kind of extracting method of edible pigment from black soya bean |
| CN1058278C (en) * | 1997-02-27 | 2000-11-08 | 吉林省农业科学院原子能利用研究所 | Preparation of betanin pigment |
| JPH10324816A (en) * | 1997-05-26 | 1998-12-08 | Nippon Derumonte Kk | Tomato pigment and its production |
| JPH11169134A (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-06-29 | Nippon Del Monte Corp | Coloring of protein-containing drink and food |
| CN1310204A (en) * | 2000-02-20 | 2001-08-29 | 陈杰 | Production process of natural pigment with sea-buckthorn seed shell |
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2005
- 2005-03-23 CN CNB2005100418812A patent/CN1304488C/en active Active
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103462032A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-12-25 | 娄志 | Anti-aging Nitraria fruit and vegetable powder and its preparation method |
| CN103462032B (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2016-01-27 | 娄志 | A kind of anti-ageing white thorn fruit vegetable powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN103829242A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-04 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Health-care food containing fruit of nitraria red pigment |
| CN103829242B (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | A kind of health food containing white bur haematochrome |
| CN106509318A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-22 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Nitraria tangutorum pigment soft candy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106947283A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-14 | 北京师范大学 | The extraction of haematochrome and the preparation of red seal ink in nitraria schoberi fruit |
| CN106967306A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-21 | 北京师范大学 | The extraction of purpurin and the preparation of purple seal ink in nitraria schoberi fruit |
| CN106967306B (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2019-04-05 | 北京师范大学 | The extraction of purpurin and the preparation of purple seal ink in nitraria schoberi fruit |
| CN106947283B (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2019-04-05 | 北京师范大学 | The extraction of haematochrome and the preparation of red seal ink in nitraria schoberi fruit |
| CN108850325A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2018-11-23 | 赵寓民 | A kind of wild white bur tea and its production technology |
| CN113336813A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-03 | 东北农业大学 | Natural anthocyanin preparation method based on nitraria fruit extract |
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| CN1304488C (en) | 2007-03-14 |
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Owner name: QINGHAI GENERAL HEALTH BIO-SCIENCE CO., LLC. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES NORTHWEST INSTITUTE OF PLATEAU BIOLOGY Effective date: 20100129 |
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Effective date of registration: 20100129 Address after: Qinghai biological science and Technology Industrial Park, No. two, No. 20 Patentee after: Qinghai General Health Bio-science Co., LLC. Address before: No. 59 Xiguan Street, Xining, Qinghai Patentee before: Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences |