CN1670503A - Tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester - Google Patents

Tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1670503A
CN1670503A CN 200510038803 CN200510038803A CN1670503A CN 1670503 A CN1670503 A CN 1670503A CN 200510038803 CN200510038803 CN 200510038803 CN 200510038803 A CN200510038803 A CN 200510038803A CN 1670503 A CN1670503 A CN 1670503A
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China
Prior art keywords
loading
load
tension
compression
shear
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CN1307414C (en
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汪勇
汤剑飞
黄晶
林智育
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

This invention relates to one pulling and pressing shearing test device and structure force test device, which comprises the following parts: four pieces of shearing and pulling and pressing loading boards; one rectangle loading frame; two L-shape lever symmetrically hinged with each other and fixed on the rectangle loading frame one catercorner, wherein the L-shape lever is separately loaded with pulling and pressing holes. The test device can realize the compound test on the same one test device of general test machine.

Description

Tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester
Technical field
Tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester of the present invention belongs to the structural experiment mechanics field.
Background technology
In Aeronautics and Astronautics, navigation engineering structure, dull and stereotyped and stiffened panel is typical primary structure member, they all are in unilateral stretching, compression and shearing compound stress, and this class A of geometric unitA to cut, press the stability of cutting under the composite force and intensity be important subject in the structural mechanics drawing.Particularly in the contemporary aircraft design, must study the strength problems of thin-wall construction under complex load such as covering, press for and in the laboratory, realize this loaded-up condition, examine the intensity of material, set up for next step theory and prepare.
For a long time, realize drawing for this class A of geometric unitA and cut, press that to cut compound loading be very difficult.Can adopt hyperchannel harmony loading system or multiaxis testing machine and auxiliary clamp to realize at present, but because these equipment price costlinesses also have certain degree of difficulty in the implementation procedure in addition, so seldom adopt.
Also having a kind of method is to realize that by bending drawing of plate cut and press scissor test by the box section be made up of plate and rib, but this method is applicable to the stability test of plate, and in strength test, experimentation cost is higher, and can not reach satisfied effect.
Existing a kind of pressure is cut the compound loading device, and the composite force test that can only realize compressing and shear can not realize stretching and shears the composite force test, and test effect is not good, especially for the small size test specimen.Be not suitable for strength test yet.As pressing the ratio of cutting to change, then to change anchor clamps simultaneously, the installation specification height, use is inconvenient, and manufacturing cost is also very high.
Adopt above-mentioned several method on same set of test unit, realize that simultaneously drawing of different proportion cut and pressed scissor test is very difficult.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, providing a kind of can realize drawing and cut, press and cut the compound loading test on the same set of test unit on the conventional test machine, and drawing of realization different proportion cut, pressed and cut the compound loading test; The stability and the intensity load test of cutting stability and the test of intensity compound loading and realizing pure shear are cut, are pressed in drawing of different proportion.
Drawing of above-mentioned purpose of realization cut, pressure is cut the compound loading test unit, comprise by four shearings and tension and compression and load clamping plate, connect into a rectangular loading frame, on the diagonal line that places the rectangular loading frame outside of two identical L shaped lever symmetries, promptly vertical quarter butt end of two L shaped levers is connected in two shearings of two opposite side and the mid point that tension and compression load clamping plate by the sheet that is articulated and connected respectively, the mid point of the horizontal stock of two L shaped levers is connected in two shearings in addition on other two teams limit and the mid point of tension and compression loading clamping plate by hinged slotting ear respectively, on the vertical quarter butt of L shaped lever, have to draw to cut and load the hole, load the hole and on L shaped lever cross stock, have to press to cut, be articulated and connected sheet and shearing and tension and compression load the clamping plate part that is connected and have a pressure to load the hole, L shaped lever inboard with the rectangular loading frame outside between the diagonal line at two exterior angles of loading frame on also respectively have the shearing of a symmetry to load the hole, the non-loading hole of a symmetry is respectively arranged on another diagonal line at other two exterior angles of rectangular loading frame.
This test unit has solved to draw in the structural mechanics and has cut, and presses and to cut the technical barrier of compound loading, for stability of structure and intensity research provide a kind of simple and easy to do test method.Solved on the conventional test machine, used the test battery device, realized that drawing of dull and stereotyped and stiffened panel different proportion cut and pressure is cut the compound loading test, also can realize the pure shear test.And this test unit compact conformation, easy to use, low cost of manufacture is very suitable for the test of the testpieces in enormous quantities of composite structure stability and intensity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester.
Fig. 2~Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester.
Label title among Fig. 1:
1-L shape lever,
2,3,4 and 2 ', 3 ', 4 '-La cuts and loads the hole,
The 5-sheet that is articulated and connected,
6-shears with tension and compression and loads clamping plate,
7,10,11 and 7 ', 10 ', 11 '-press to cut to load the hole,
The 8-testpieces,
9-shears with tension and compression and loads clamping plate,
The 12-shearing loads the hole,
The 13-tension and compression load the hole,
The non-loading of 14-hole,
The hinged slotting ear of 15-.
Designation among Fig. 2~Fig. 4: P τBe shearing, P LYBe rectangle one opposite side pulling force, P JBe a diagonal angle pulling force of rectangle, P axially makes a concerted effort.
Embodiment:
As seen from the figure, Ben La cuts to press to cut to be added with and carries test unit, load clamping plate 6 and 9 by four shearings and tension and compression and connect into a rectangular loading frame, two L shaped levers 1 are placed on the diagonal line in the rectangular loading frame outside symmetrically, the vertical quarter butt end that is L shaped lever 1 is connected in two shearings of two opposite side and the midpoint that tension and compression load clamping plate 6 by the sheet 5 that is articulated and connected respectively, and the mid point of the horizontal stock of L shaped lever 1 is connected in two shearings in addition of two opposite side in addition and the mid point of tension and compression loading clamping plate 9 by hinged slotting ear 15 respectively.When the single axial pulling force was added on this a pair of hinged slotting ear 15, test unit can the automatic centering heart under loading.Have respectively on two vertical quarter butts of L shaped lever to draw to cut and load hole 2,3,4 and 2 ', 3 ', 4 ', three are drawn to cut and load hole 2,3,4 (2 ', drawing 3 ', 4 ') cut than being respectively 1: 1, and 1: 2,2: 1, have respectively on two L shaped lever cross stocks to press to cut and load hole 7,10,11 and 7 ', 10 ', 11 ', three pressures are cut and are loaded hole 7,10,11 (7 ', 10 ', 11 ') pressure is cut than being 1: 1, and 1: 2,2: 1.Be articulated and connected sheet 5 with shear tension and compression and load clamping plate 6 part that links to each other a pressure-loaded hole 13 is arranged, on a pair of diagonal line at rectangular loading frame two diagonal angles between L shaped lever 1 inboard and the rectangular loading frame outside, also have the shearing of a symmetry to load hole 12, rectangular loading frame is the last non-loading hole 14 that a symmetry is arranged of another diagonal line at two exterior angles in addition.This loads hole 14 any web member is not installed, can Free Transform under the effect of pressure with warranty test spare.On four shearings and tension and compression load clamping plate 6 and 9 medial surface, add gear hobbing, increase friction force between testpieces and shearing and the tension and compression loading clamping plate, the transmission of assurance shearing with this.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is to utilize lever principle, the single axial pulling force that testing machine is applied resolves into pulling force or pressure perpendicular to edges of boards by L shaped lever, with with the coaxial pulling force of plate one diagonal line, this pulling force is realized applying the plate shearing by the load distribution that loads frame, so just realized drawing and cut or pressed the coordinate synchronization loading of cutting combined load, application by lever principle, change the position that loads the hole on the L shaped lever, can change the ratio of cutting or pressing shearing load of drawing, according to Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are described in detail the principle of work of this load testing machine:
1. four limits with testpieces 8 link to each other with shearing that loads inboard four limits of frame and tension and compression loading clamping plate, when the loading hole on the L shaped lever is subjected to an axial load, by L shaped lever load is resolved into perpendicular to the pulling force of edges of boards or pressure with to the plate shearing, then make rectangular slab ABCD be subjected to combined load (P LY+ P J).
If axially making a concerted effort of testing machine is P, the opposite side pulling force of rectangular slab ABCD is P LY, the diagonal angle pulling force of rectangular slab ABCD is P J, P then JWith the angle α of P (see figure 4) is arranged:
cos α = P 2 + P J 2 - P LY 2 2 P P J
P J = 2 P LY
Obtain angle α thus, can obtain loading on the L shaped lever hole and get coordinate points.
2. the component P that distributes by L shaped lever LY, P JBe applied to four pairs of shearings and tension and compression and load on the clamping plate, load loading frame realization that clamping plate connect to form by four pairs of shearings and tension and compression and rectangular slab ABCD synchronous coordination is applied to draw cut, press and cut combined load.
P τ = P J 2
As changing the ratio of cutting, pressing shearing load of drawing, then try to achieve angle α by calculating, obtain on the L shaped lever loading the hole and get coordinate points, determine to load on the L shaped lever hole and get the position and get final product.
3. as will change the ratio of cutting, pressing shearing load of drawing, then try to achieve angle α, obtain loading on the L shaped lever hole and get coordinate points, determine to load on the L shaped lever hole and get the position and get final product by calculating.
4. testing machine loads the single axial pulling force, and pulling force is distributed into pulling force P by L shaped lever with this pulling force LY, P J, P LYLoad clamping plate 6 by two pairs of be articulated and connected sheets 5 and shearing and tension and compression and apply a pulling force or pressure, and P JLoad clamping plate 6 by four pairs of shearings and tension and compression and convert shearing P to τ, realize drawing of testpieces cut, pressed and cut compound loading.Under the effect of testing machine pulling force, the loading center automatic centering of its anchor clamps.
This test unit has solved to draw in the structural mechanics cuts, presses the technical barrier of cutting compound loading, for stability of structure and intensity research provide a kind of simple and easy to do test method.
Solved on the conventional test machine, use the test battery device, realize that drawing of dull and stereotyped and stiffened panel different proportion cut and pressure is cut the compound loading test, also can realize the pure shear test, and the test unit principle is clear, compact conformation, easy to use, low cost of manufacture, reusable, be very suitable for the test of the testpieces in enormous quantities of advanced composite material (ACM) structural stability and intensity, have very high engineering using value.

Claims (2)

1. tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester, it is characterized in that, load clamping plate (6) and (9) by four shearings and tension and compression and connect into a rectangular loading frame, two L shaped levers (1) place on ground, the rectangular loading frame outside one diagonal line symmetrically, the vertical quarter butt end that is L shaped lever (1) is connected in two shearings of two opposite side and the midpoint that tension and compression load clamping plate (6) by the sheet that is articulated and connected (5) respectively, the mid point of the horizontal stock of L shaped lever (1) is connected in addition two shearings of another two opposite side and the mid point of tension and compression loading clamping plate (9) by hinged slotting ear (15) respectively, have respectively on the vertical quarter butt of two L shaped levers (1) to draw to cut and load the hole, have respectively on the horizontal stock of two L shaped levers (1) to press to cut and load the hole, the sheet (5) that is articulated and connected loads clamping plate (6) part that links to each other and also has tension and compression to load hole (13) with shearing tension and compression, L shaped lever inboard with rectangular loading frame outside between the diagonal line at two exterior angles of rectangular loading frame on a shearing loading hole (12) is respectively arranged.
2. tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that, on the medial surface of four shearings and tension and compression loading clamping plate gear hobbing is housed respectively.
CNB2005100388037A 2005-04-11 2005-04-11 Tensile-shear compressive-shear complex loading tester Expired - Fee Related CN1307414C (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102607940A (en) * 2012-03-26 2012-07-25 南京航空航天大学 Tensile-shear test loading device with flight structure
CN102735545A (en) * 2012-07-04 2012-10-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Two-way compressing and shearing composite loading test device
CN102830016A (en) * 2012-08-27 2012-12-19 西安科技大学 Testing method of shear strength and shear fatigue of pavement material and testing device of such method
CN103454151A (en) * 2013-08-20 2013-12-18 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Compression-shear composite loading test device
CN104089820A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-10-08 华东交通大学 Device for testing loading of component compositely stressed by pressure, bending moment and shearing force
CN104697845A (en) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-10 中国飞机强度研究所 Static force/fatigue/damage tolerance test loading system of fuselage panel
CN105865920A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-08-17 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 Four-direction equally-loaded stress application device for cellular materials
CN107036910A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-08-11 大连理工大学 Stiffened panel shearing experiment loading device
CN109870368A (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-11 中国飞机强度研究所 A kind of crane torsion test device and method
CN110542610A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-06 武汉理工大学 rock mass stretching, compressing, shearing and twisting integrated test device
CN110823719A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-02-21 中国飞机强度研究所 Device is applyed to fuselage load
CN112284698A (en) * 2020-09-09 2021-01-29 东风汽车集团有限公司 Symmetric loading torsion test device and symmetric loading torsion test method
CN112284699A (en) * 2020-09-09 2021-01-29 东风汽车集团有限公司 Dynamic loading torsion test device and dynamic loading torsion test method
CN115266319A (en) * 2022-08-17 2022-11-01 哈尔滨工业大学 Tensile-shear coupling test device for lath-shaped test piece based on multi-axis fatigue testing machine

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CN1016277B (en) * 1989-04-07 1992-04-15 航空航天部第六二三研究所 Press-shearing composite loading scheme and device
DE19531640C2 (en) * 1995-08-29 1998-11-05 Karlsruhe Forschzent Device for determining the breaking strength of wood
CN2275715Y (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-03-04 史伟志 Force balance type spring constant load height detector
US5798463A (en) * 1997-02-12 1998-08-25 Automotive Composites Consortium Self-contained constant stress/constant strain test fixture
JP3839983B2 (en) * 1999-02-05 2006-11-01 株式会社鷺宮製作所 Combined torsion / bending load testing machine
CN2463823Y (en) * 2001-02-01 2001-12-05 弘达仪器股份有限公司 Mulit-functional structure tester
CN1254669C (en) * 2004-05-09 2006-05-03 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Double lever loading in situ soil direct shear apparatus
CN2779380Y (en) * 2005-04-11 2006-05-10 南京航空航天大学 Tensile shear and compressive shear compound load test apparatus

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102607940A (en) * 2012-03-26 2012-07-25 南京航空航天大学 Tensile-shear test loading device with flight structure
CN102735545A (en) * 2012-07-04 2012-10-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Two-way compressing and shearing composite loading test device
CN102735545B (en) * 2012-07-04 2014-02-12 哈尔滨工业大学 Two-way compressing and shearing composite loading test device
CN102830016A (en) * 2012-08-27 2012-12-19 西安科技大学 Testing method of shear strength and shear fatigue of pavement material and testing device of such method
CN102830016B (en) * 2012-08-27 2014-10-08 西安科技大学 Testing method of shear strength and shear fatigue of pavement material and testing device of such method
CN103454151A (en) * 2013-08-20 2013-12-18 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 Compression-shear composite loading test device
CN104697845B (en) * 2013-12-06 2017-06-06 中国飞机强度研究所 Fuselage wallboard static(al)/fatigue/damage tolerance test loading system
CN104697845A (en) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-10 中国飞机强度研究所 Static force/fatigue/damage tolerance test loading system of fuselage panel
CN104089820A (en) * 2014-07-14 2014-10-08 华东交通大学 Device for testing loading of component compositely stressed by pressure, bending moment and shearing force
CN104089820B (en) * 2014-07-14 2016-04-06 华东交通大学 Subjected To Compression, Bending, Shear composite force component load testing machine
CN105865920A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-08-17 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 Four-direction equally-loaded stress application device for cellular materials
CN107036910A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-08-11 大连理工大学 Stiffened panel shearing experiment loading device
CN107036910B (en) * 2017-05-11 2023-08-08 大连理工大学 Reinforcing plate shearing experiment loading device
CN109870368A (en) * 2017-12-01 2019-06-11 中国飞机强度研究所 A kind of crane torsion test device and method
CN110542610A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-12-06 武汉理工大学 rock mass stretching, compressing, shearing and twisting integrated test device
CN110823719B (en) * 2019-11-19 2022-06-07 中国飞机强度研究所 Device is applyed to fuselage load
CN110823719A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-02-21 中国飞机强度研究所 Device is applyed to fuselage load
CN112284698A (en) * 2020-09-09 2021-01-29 东风汽车集团有限公司 Symmetric loading torsion test device and symmetric loading torsion test method
CN112284699B (en) * 2020-09-09 2022-02-08 东风汽车集团有限公司 Dynamic loading torsion test device and dynamic loading torsion test method
CN112284698B (en) * 2020-09-09 2022-02-08 东风汽车集团有限公司 Symmetric loading torsion test device and symmetric loading torsion test method
CN112284699A (en) * 2020-09-09 2021-01-29 东风汽车集团有限公司 Dynamic loading torsion test device and dynamic loading torsion test method
CN115266319A (en) * 2022-08-17 2022-11-01 哈尔滨工业大学 Tensile-shear coupling test device for lath-shaped test piece based on multi-axis fatigue testing machine

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