CN105043901B - A kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device and its test method - Google Patents
A kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device and its test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105043901B CN105043901B CN201510501684.8A CN201510501684A CN105043901B CN 105043901 B CN105043901 B CN 105043901B CN 201510501684 A CN201510501684 A CN 201510501684A CN 105043901 B CN105043901 B CN 105043901B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to mechanical connecting structure Mechanics Performance Testing field, a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device and its test method are provided.The present invention can solve two technical problems：It realizes stretching (compression)/shearing Combined Loading (adjustable load ratio) to mechanical connecting structure, and ensures the symmetry and stability of load.The present invention specifically includes 2 testing machine load connectors (1), 2 long beams (2), 2 tail trimmers (4), 2 sliding rails (5), 2 testpieces jointings (6)；2 long beams (2) and 2 tail trimmers (4) are rotatably connected as parallelogram sturcutre, and the load connector (1) is separately connected in centrosymmetric two rotating joints of the parallelogram sturcutre；Sliding rail (5) is respectively fixed on 2 long beams (2), each testpieces jointing (6) corresponds to a sliding rail (5), and is slidably connected with sliding rail (5).
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical connecting structure Mechanics Performance Testing fields, provide a kind of mechanical connecting structure cutting performance
Test device.
Background technology
Cutting performance is the important component of material mechanical performance, it is therefore desirable to which design experiment device and method are to material
Cutting performance tested and characterized.By taking composite material as an example, ASTM standard can be used for the shearing performance test of material
Test method, but this method is only applicable to the pure shear performance test of small sample.
In aeroplane structure design, wing spar should bear shear-type load, bear bending load again.This makes spar
Web is stretched/shears or the effect of the Combined Loading of compression/shearing.Generally use bolt carries out machinery even at spar segmentation
It connects, the cutting performance at this moment needing test mechanical connection structure and the mechanical property under stretching (compression)/shearing Combined Loading.
In this case, on the one hand it cannot be stretched (compression)/shearing Combined Loading, and another aspect mechanical connecting structure can not possibly
It is attached with fixture by 4 sides.
Based on considerations above, mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device has been invented.
In prior art, a kind of patent " dress for testing mechanical properties of thin sheet under simple shear loading is come from
Set ", application number 201010553215.8.The program is connected with the both ends of test specimen respectively by left clamp assembly and right clamp assembly
It connects, applies the opposite tensile load in direction respectively on two components, pass through sliding rail between left clamp assembly and right clamp assembly
Connect the stability loaded with guarantee test.The program is only applicable to thin-slab structure, and can only carry out pure shear mechanical property survey
Examination.
From patent " Shear and tension or compression biaxial material testing
Fixture ", application number WO2012DK50030A.The S types component that the program is separated from each other by two respectively with testpieces two
End is fixed, and applies the opposite tensile load in direction on two components, and the position realization by adjusting load(ing) point stretches (pressure
Contracting)/shearing Combined Loading.The program is only applicable to small sample, and be easy to cause the assymmetrical deformation of test fixture.Especially work as
When the thickness or different modulus of connected two-part structure, the program is more not applicable.
The shortcomings that prior art and the application motion technical problems to be solved
For current existing technical solution, applied to mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test have the shortcomings that 2 it is apparent：
(1) it cannot achieve the Combined Loading (adjustable load ratio) of stretching (compression)/shearing；
(2) when connected two-part structure thickness or inconsistent modulus, it can not stablize, symmetrically testpieces is carried out
Load.
Invention content
The present invention can solve two technical problems：Realize add compound to stretching (compression)/shearing of mechanical connecting structure
(adjustable load ratio) is carried, and ensures the symmetry and stability of load.The key point of case of the present invention and point to be protected：
(1) a kind of novel test device has been invented, can not only carry out pure shear load to mechanical connecting structure, moreover it is possible to realize
Stretching (compression)/shearing Combined Loading of adjustable load ratio.
(2) experimental rig is assembled into rectangular configuration by 4 long beams and 2 end floor beams, and passes through sliding rail and testpieces
Jointing is connected, and in the diagonal application tensile load of rectangle, guarantee is symmetrically loaded pure shear load.
(3) experimental rig is assembled into parallelogram sturcutre by 4 long beams and 2 tail trimmers, and testpieces connects
Head is bolted with crossbeam, can realize that different proportion stretches (compression)/shearing and carries by adjusting the angle of parallelogram
The application of lotus.
Technical solution
The present invention provides a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test devices, including 2 testing machines to load connector
(1), 2 long beams (2), 2 tail trimmers (4), 2 sliding rails (5), 2 testpieces jointings (6)；2 long beams (2) and 2
Root tail trimmer (4) is rotatably connected as parallelogram sturcutre, at the center of the parallelogram sturcutre
The load connector (1) is separately connected in symmetrical two rotating joints；It is solid respectively on 2 long beams (2)
Surely there is sliding rail (5), each testpieces jointing (6) corresponds to a sliding rail (5), and is slidably connected with sliding rail (5).
Advantageous effect
(1) it can be achieved to stretch the Combined Loading that (compression) is sheared.The application motion passes through 4 long beams and 2 tail trimmers
The parallelogram of special angle is formed, the both ends for being mechanically connected testpieces are bolted with long beam respectively, parallel
The diagonal Combined Loading for applying tensile load and stretching (compression) shearing can be realized of quadrangle.
(2) it can stablize, symmetrically testpieces is loaded.Mechanical connecting structure may be unsymmetric structure, that is, be connected
Thickness or the modulus for connecing two-part structure are inconsistent.Since the application motion is closed rectangle or parallelogram, and fixture
Rigidity far above mechanical connection testpieces, either pure shear load or stretch (compression)/shear Combined Loading can be real
Now stablize, symmetrically testpieces is loaded
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the connection relationship diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the connection relationship diagram of the anti-drift spring and test device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 pure shear load test schematic diagrames；
Fig. 5 compresses/shears combined loading test schematic diagram；
Wherein：1- loads connector, 2- loads connector, 3- anti-drift springs, 4- tail trimmers, 5- sliding rails, the connection of 6- testpieces
Connector, 7- are mechanically connected testpieces.
Specific implementation mode
In Fig. 1, a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device, including 2 testing machine loads are specifically provided
Connector (1), 2 long beams (2), 2 tail trimmers (4), 2 sliding rails (5), 2 testpieces jointings (6)；2 long beams
(2) and 2 tail trimmers (4) are rotatably connected as parallelogram sturcutre, in the parallelogram sturcutre
Centrosymmetric two rotating joints on be separately connected the load connector (1)；On 2 long beams (2)
Be respectively fixed with sliding rail (5), each testpieces jointing (6) corresponds to a sliding rail (5), and with sliding rail (5) company of being slidably matched
It connects.
In particular, further include 2 prevent testpieces slide limit springs (3), each testpieces jointing (6) with it is right
The limit spring can be connected between the sliding rail answered.
Particularly, further include 2 positioning pins, positioning is all had on each testpieces jointing (6) and sliding rail
Hole, the location hole are adapted to the positioning pin.
Particularly, it is provided with equidistant circular hole on long beam (2) and tail trimmer (4), each circular hole can conduct
Rotating joint.
Particularly, each long beam (2) is double-layer structure, the tail trimmer (4) be clipped among double-layer structure into
Row connection.
More particularly, the sliding rail (5) is fixed on the centre position of long beam (2).
More particularly, the long beam (2) and tail trimmer (4) are plate, especially metal sheet.
A kind of method carrying out shearing performance test using the present invention is provided simultaneously, and 2 testing machines are loaded
Connector (1) is separately connected testing machine, and each testpieces jointing (6) is attached with testpieces both ends, and by testpieces
Jointing (6) turns to be fitted on sliding rail, then limit spring is connected between testpieces jointing (6) and corresponding sliding rail,
It is loaded by testing machine.
Another method for carrying out shearing performance test using the present invention is provided simultaneously, and 2 testing machines are added
It carries connector (1) and is separately connected testing machine, each testpieces jointing (6) is attached with testpieces both ends, and will experiment
Part jointing (6) turns to be fitted on sliding rail, then positioning pin is installed on to the location hole of testpieces jointing (6) and sliding rail
In, it is loaded by testing machine.
When carrying out pure shear test, testpieces load is asymmetric in order to prevent, and test device both sides are respectively by testpieces
Jointing (6) is attached with long beam (2) by anti-drift spring (3).The rigidity of anti-drift spring (3) is relatively low, not shadow
Ring the stress of testpieces.
The application method of the present invention
The test device can carry out mechanical connecting structure pure shear load or stretch (compression)/shearing Combined Loading, with
Mechanical property under the pure shear performance of test mechanical connection structure or stretching (compression)/shearing Combined Loading.
When carrying out pure shear load, test device is assembled rectangular, passes through in 2 points of B, D (or A, C) and load connector
(1) it is attached with testing machine, and tensile load is applied to test device by testing machine.Testpieces jointing (6) can be
It is free to slide in sliding rail (5), while anti-drift spring (3) being installed to prevent the offset of testpieces.
Compress/shear Combined Loading when, test device is assembled into parallel four side of certain degree as needed
Shape is attached for 2 points with testing machine by loading connector (1) in B, D, and applies to stretch to test device by testing machine and carry
Lotus.Testpieces jointing (6) is attached with sliding rail (5) by bolt, between the two without relative motion, is not required to install at this time
Anti-drift spring (3).
Stretch/shear Combined Loading when, only load(ing) point need to be changed to A, C from B, D, remaining implementation method with draw
Stretch/to shear Combined Loading identical.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device, including 2 testing machines load connectors (1), 2 long beams (2),
2 tail trimmers (4)；2 long beams (2) and 2 tail trimmers (4) are rotatably connected as parallelogram sturcutre,
The load connector (1) is separately connected in centrosymmetric two rotating joints of the parallelogram sturcutre；
It is characterized in that：Further include 2 sliding rails (5) and 2 testpieces jointings (6), on 2 long beams (2) respectively
It is fixed with sliding rail (5), each testpieces jointing (6) corresponds to a sliding rail (5), and is slidably connected with sliding rail (5).
2. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include 2
A limit spring (3) for preventing testpieces from sliding, can connect between each testpieces jointing (6) and corresponding sliding rail
The limit spring.
3. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Also wrap
Include 2 positioning pins, all have location hole on each testpieces jointing (6) and sliding rail, the location hole with it is described
Positioning pin is adapted to.
4. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is long horizontal
Equidistant circular hole is provided on beam (2) and tail trimmer (4), each circular hole can be used as rotating joint.
5. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Each
Long beam (2) is double-layer structure, and the tail trimmer (4), which is clipped among double-layer structure, to be attached.
6. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Sliding rail (5) be fixed on the centre positions of long beam (2).
7. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described
Long beam (2) and tail trimmer (4) be plate.
8. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device using one of claim 1-7 carries out shearing performance test
Method, it is characterised in that：
2 testing machines load connector (1) is separately connected testing machine, by each testpieces jointing (6) and experiment
Part both ends are attached, and testpieces jointing (6) is turned to be fitted on sliding rail, then limit spring is connected to testpieces connection
Between connector (6) and corresponding sliding rail, loaded by testing machine.
9. a kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device using one of claim 1-7 carries out shearing performance test
Method,
2 testing machines load connector (1) is separately connected testing machine, by each testpieces jointing (6) and experiment
Part both ends are attached, and testpieces jointing (6) is turned to be fitted on sliding rail, then positioning pin is installed on testpieces and is connect
In head (6) and the location hole of sliding rail, loaded by testing machine.
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| CN201510501684.8A CN105043901B (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2015-08-14 | A kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device and its test method |
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| CN201510501684.8A CN105043901B (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2015-08-14 | A kind of mechanical connecting structure shearing performance test device and its test method |
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| CN105043901B true CN105043901B (en) | 2018-08-28 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105842084A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-10 | 北京交通大学 | Measurement device of wood along-grain direction pure shear strength |
| CN106442167B (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-07-06 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Metal web pure shear fatigue experimental device |
| CN106769543B (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2019-08-09 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司北京民用飞机技术研究中心 | A kind of composite material spar docking structure shearing performance test devices and methods therefor |
| CN110220804B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2024-05-03 | 河南交通职业技术学院 | Pressure shear testing machine |
| CN111999172B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-10-26 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | Test fixture, device and method for rivet composite loading test |
| CN114544390B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2023-08-29 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Offset loading sample and method for testing shearing wrinkling performance of plate |
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| CN2779380Y (en) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-05-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Tensile shear and compressive shear compound load test apparatus |
| CN101672744B (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2011-03-16 | 北京工业大学 | Reversed loading test device under combined action |
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