CN105842084A - Measurement device of wood along-grain direction pure shear strength - Google Patents
Measurement device of wood along-grain direction pure shear strength Download PDFInfo
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- CN105842084A CN105842084A CN201610176985.2A CN201610176985A CN105842084A CN 105842084 A CN105842084 A CN 105842084A CN 201610176985 A CN201610176985 A CN 201610176985A CN 105842084 A CN105842084 A CN 105842084A
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- Prior art keywords
- timber
- grain direction
- measurement apparatus
- rift grain
- shearing strength
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
Abstract
The invention provides a measurement device of wood along-grain direction pure shear strength. The measurement device mainly includes: a wood material having a V-shaped groove, which is arranged between two aluminum pieces at the left and the right and are bond to the two aluminum pieces to form an aluminum-wood composed beam, which is respectively connected to an upper transmission beam at the upper part and a lower pedestal at the lower part through connectors, thereby forming an integrated structure with the upper transmission beam and the lower pedestal. The apparatus can obtain an accurate result of shear strength of the wood and overcomes the defects of non-uniform shear force distribution on a shear rupture plane, stress concentration in concave angles, and bending stress on a rupture plane in shear test in wood specification, and overcomes the defects that the rupture in a test of measuring shear strength of the wood material with an Iosipescu shear apparatus directly does not occur in a theoretical rupture plane, the stress distribution at the left and right on a sample is asymmetric, deformation of the sample is intensive and the sample may slide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Wood mechanical property technical field of measurement and test, particularly relate to a kind of timber rift grain direction pure
Cut the measurement apparatus of intensity.
Background technology
Timber is the porous of a kind of complexity, non-homogeneity, anisotropic material, because of its high-strength light
Feature and be widely used in many fields such as building, decoration.The anisotropic properties of timber is embodied in
The mechanical property in mechanical property band the to be significantly larger than direction in its rift grain direction (wood fiber direction of growth)
Energy.In order to rationally and reliably utilize timber in productive life, it is necessary to first to its physical and mechanical property
Recognize.
The mechanical property of timber mainly includes tensile strength, comprcssive strength, shearing strength and bending strength
Deng.Wherein, the method for testing various countries specification of tensile strength, comprcssive strength and bending strength has unified
Standard, although being not quite similar on loading method and sample dimensions, but principle is basically identical.Timber shearing resistance
Although the test various countries specification of intensity also has unified standard, but the most controversial at academia, study carefully
Its reason is primarily due to the pure shear stress of timber and is relatively difficult to reach, in failure by shear in test
Always having the existence of bending stress on face, the pure shear that the intensity level therefore recorded is difficult to deserve to be called timber is strong
Degree.Either CNS GB/T 1937-2009 or Unite States Standard ASTM-D143 are also or day
All there is this problem in the block scissor test method that this standard JIS Z-2101 is used.In addition, this piece
The problem that scissor test exists also includes: 1) shear stress skewness on shear breakage；2) test block
Nook has serious stress concentration phenomenon.
For this situation, it is desirable to the single shearing strength obtaining timber as a rule has two kinds of thinkings, Yi Zhongshi
Utilize numerical simulation the criterion of strength such as Tsai-Wu criterion by anisotropic material, block scissor test is surveyed
The result of examination is converted into the single shearing strength of timber；Another kind of thinking be design new cut device to make wood
Material generation pure shear destroys.For latter thinking, scholars devise diversified shear, its
4 asymmetrical loading methods of one that middle scholar Iosipescu proposes for metal material were considered as later
Material is made to be in one of the method closest to pure shearing.A lot of scholars afterwards are again on the basis of him
The method was carried out many different improvement.Many scholars also attempt using it for timber shearing strength
Test, but have been found that the result of test is not satisfactory, this is primarily due to: 1) the destruction position of wooden unit
It is frequently not generation at theoretical surface of fracture, but first edge at assay device with test specimen contact surface is sent out
Raw cracking；2) timber is it may happen that bigger deformation before destroying, and affects the stress within test specimen
Distribution form；3) it may happen that sliding between timber test specimen and assay device.
For above-mentioned problem, the pure shear wanting to utilize 4 asymmetrical loading method test timber is strong
Degree, is necessary for improving Iosipescu shear.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment provides the measurement apparatus of a kind of timber rift grain direction single shearing strength, to realize
Effectively measuring wood shear intensity.
The invention provides following scheme:
A kind of measurement apparatus of timber rift grain direction single shearing strength, including: the timber of band v-depression, this band
The timber of v-depression is arranged in the middle of two aluminium blocks in left and right, is bonded together with two, described left and right aluminium block,
Constitute aluminum-clark beam, this aluminum-clark beam respectively by connector and superposed upper transfer beams,
The undersetting being positioned at bottom connects, and forms a whole with upper transfer beams and undersetting.
Further, the rift grain direction of described timber along the short transverse of wooden unit, the angle of v-depression is
110°。
Further, the top and the bottom of described timber respectively comprise a v-notch.
Further, described timber is bonding by glue with two, left and right aluminium block.
Further, two, described left and right aluminium block the most respectively by two connectors and upper transfer beams, lower
Seat connects, and connector is fixed be connected by screw rod and left and right aluminium block, upper transfer beams, undersetting.
Further, two, left and right aluminium block, on transfer beams, the front surface of undersetting and rear surface respectively
It is provided with 4 connectors, each connector has 2 screw rods.
Further, described upper transfer beams, undersetting comprise the draw-in groove being used for fixing connector.
Further, the v-depression of described timber and the central point of upper transfer beams stagger.
Further, the v-depression of the described wooden unit of external load alignment is applied on described with the form of concentration power
In transfer beams.
The technical scheme that thered is provided by embodiments of the invention described above is it can be seen that the device of the embodiment of the present invention
The accurate result of wood shear strength ratio can be obtained well, overcome wooden unit and sheared by scissor test broken
On bad face, shearing stress distribution is uneven, nook exists the shadow that stress is concentrated, had bending stress on surface of fracture
The shortcomings such as sound, also overcome directly with in Iosipescu shear test timber shear strength test simultaneously
The destruction existed does not occurs that the stress distribution at theoretical surface of fracture, about test specimen is asymmetric, test piece deformation
Greatly it may happen that shortcomings such as slidings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, institute in embodiment being described below
The accompanying drawing used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only this
Some bright embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not paying creative work
Put, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is made schematic diagram for cutting wooden unit sample；
Fig. 2 is for be cut fixture each part schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is for being cut fixture and wooden unit combination schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is moment of flexure, shearing schematic diagram in external load model of action and aluminum-clark beam；
Label in figure:
1-transfer beams；2-steel connector；3-screw rod；4-aluminium block；5-timber to be measured test block；6-steel props up
Seat.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings,
The most same or similar label represents same or similar element or has same or like merit
The element of energy.The embodiment described below with reference to accompanying drawing is exemplary, is only used for explaining this
Bright, and be not construed as limiting the claims.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless expressly stated, singulative used herein
" one ", " one ", " described " and " being somebody's turn to do " may also comprise plural form.It is to be further understood that the present invention
Description in the wording that uses " include " referring to existing described feature, integer, step, operation, element and
/ or assembly, but it is not excluded that existence or add other features one or more, integer, step, behaviour
Work, element, assembly and/or their group.It should be understood that when we claim element to be " connected " or " coupled " to
During another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to other elements, or can also there is cental element
Part.Additionally, " connection " used herein or " coupling " can include wireless connections or couple.Used herein
Wording "and/or" includes one or more any cell listing item being associated and all combinations.
Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein
(including technical term and scientific terminology) has and one of the those of ordinary skill in art of the present invention
As understand identical meaning.Should also be understood that those terms defined in such as general dictionary should
It is understood to that there is the meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of prior art, and unless as here one
Sample defines, and will not explain by idealization or the most formal implication.
For ease of the understanding to the embodiment of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing as a example by several specific embodiments
It is further explained explanation, and each embodiment is not intended that the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
First timber test block to be measured is fabricated to the form of band v-notch, as shown in Figure 1, rift grain direction
Along the short transverse of wooden unit, the included angle of v-notch is 110 °, and so the included angle of design can
Guarantee that wooden unit destroys at v-notch, and the phenomenon that stress is concentrated will not be produced.Timber to be measured tries
The top and the bottom of block respectively comprise a v-notch.
Each design of part schematic diagram of the measurement apparatus of the timber rift grain direction single shearing strength of the embodiment of the present invention
As in figure 2 it is shown, this device is also referred to as cut fixture, fixture should be cut and be included lower of transfer beams 1, steel
Seat 6,4, eight steel connectors 2 of two, left and right aluminium block and eight screw rods 3.
Fig. 3 is cut fixture and wooden unit combination schematic diagram for the one that the embodiment of the present invention provides, by timber to be measured
After test block 5 is fabricated to the form of band v-depression, bonding with left and right aluminium block seccotine, constitute one
Aluminum-clark beam, this combination beam is formed a whole with upper transfer beams and undersetting by connector again.?
In Fig. 2, two, left and right aluminium block is connected with upper transfer beams, undersetting by two connectors the most respectively, connects
Part by screw rod and left and right aluminium block, upper transfer beams, undersetting is fixing is connected, left and right aluminium block, on transmission
Beam, the front surface of undersetting and rear surface are respectively arranged with 4 connectors, and each connector has 2 spiral shells
Bar.The v-depression of timber test block to be measured and the central point of upper transfer beams stagger.By eight through screw rods
And eight connectors, combination beam is connected one entirety of formation with upper transfer beams and undersetting.Upper transfer beams
Comprise the draw-in groove being used for fixing connector with undersetting, prevent connector from rotating, so can ensure that
The load being delivered on combination beam by connector in loading process is vertical applying all the time.And four
Individual concentration power is to be applied directly on the neutral axis of combination beam, executes compared to power in Iosipescu shearing test
Being added in wood surface, the method makes the distribution of stress in wooden unit the most symmetrical.
The effect of undersetting is that fixing the whole series are cut fixture so that it is does not rotate and translates；Upper transfer beams
Effect be directly to bear the load from testing machine, and by its going down；Connector not only rises
Connect aluminum-clark beam and transfer beams and the effect of bearing, it is often more important that it also serves as the transmission road of power
Footpath.
Those skilled in the art will be understood that the structure type of above-mentioned clamp mount is only for example, and other are existing
Or the structure type of clamp mount that will be likely to occur from now on be such as applicable to the embodiment of the present invention, also should wrap
Within being contained in scope, and it is incorporated herein with way of reference at this.The present invention is by clamp mount
Structure type be designed to the form of I-beam primarily to convenient and Instron 5582 universal testing machine phase
Supporting.
Power concrete transfer mode in being subject to cut fixture is: after being fixed by the bearing cutting fixture, outward
The groove of load alignment wooden unit is applied in transfer beams with the form of concentration power, owing to being not acting on transmission
The centre of beam, therefore this power by connector be assigned as two not etc. big concentration power pass to combination beam.With
This simultaneously, bearing provides the anisometric concentration power straight up that another group is corresponding, also leads to
Cross connector transmission and give combination beam.So, combination beam is acted on by concentration power four positions altogether,
By this 4 asymmetric load modes, the v-notch position of wooden unit is exactly in shearing without moment of flexure
State, just may be considered pure shear destroy in being to occur at the destruction at the v-notch of wooden unit, corresponding
Intensity level be exactly the single shearing strength value of timber.By obtaining being cut wooden unit surface mount foil gauge
Obtain the coefficient of rigidity in this face.
Moment of flexure in a kind of external load model of action that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and steel-clark beam, cut
Power schematic diagram, by bending moment diagram it is found that the position that on combination beam, moment of flexure is maximum occurs on aluminium block,
Rather than on wooden unit, therefore avoid timber in Iosipescu shearing test to occur destruction herein.And
The design of aluminum-clark beam becomes big compared to pure wooden frame rigidity simple in Iosipescu test, and deflection subtracts
Little, the distribution of wooden unit internal stress will not be severely impacted due to geometrical non-linearity.Finally, aluminum-wood group
Close and fix with screw rod and connector between beam and transfer beams and bearing, will not occurred level sliding and turning
Dynamic.
In sum, the device that the embodiment of the present invention provides can obtain wood shear strength ratio relatively well
Result accurately, overcomes that wooden unit is uneven by shearing stress distribution on scissor test shear breakage, nook
There is stress and concentrate, have on surface of fracture the shortcoming such as impact of bending stress, also overcome directly use simultaneously
Destroy present in Iosipescu shear test timber shear strength test and do not occur at theoretical surface of fracture
Place, stress distribution about test specimen is asymmetric, test piece deformation big it may happen that shortcomings such as slidings.
Present invention is generally directed to timber design, but it is also suitable for other unidirectional fibrous composite materials cutting performances
Test.It is desirable to provide a kind of convenience and the method for testing timber rift grain single shearing strength accurately,
Method and the core concept thereof being only intended to help to understand the present invention described above；General for this area
Technical staff, according to the thought of the present invention, at concrete grip size, sample dimensions, timber slot angle
All will change in degree, type of support and range of application.In sum, this specification content should not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of an embodiment, in accompanying drawing
Module or flow process not necessarily implement necessary to the present invention.
Each embodiment in this specification all uses the mode gone forward one by one to describe, identical between each embodiment
Similar part sees mutually, and what each embodiment stressed is different from other embodiments
Part.For device or system embodiment, owing to it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method,
So describing fairly simple, relevant part sees the part of embodiment of the method and illustrates.Above retouched
The Apparatus and system embodiment stated is only schematically, the wherein said unit illustrated as separating component
Can be or may not be physically separate, the parts shown as unit can be or also may be used
Not to be physical location, i.e. may be located at a place, or multiple NE can also be distributed to
On.Some or all of module therein can be selected according to the actual needs to realize the present embodiment scheme
Purpose.Those of ordinary skill in the art, in the case of not paying creative work, are i.e. appreciated that also
Implement.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not
Being confined to this, any those familiar with the art, can in the technical scope that the invention discloses
The change readily occurred in or replacement, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention
Protection domain should be as the criterion with scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. the measurement apparatus of a timber rift grain direction single shearing strength, it is characterised in that including: band V-arrangement
The timber of groove, the timber of this band v-depression is arranged in the middle of two aluminium blocks in left and right, with two, described left and right
Aluminium block is bonded together, and constitutes aluminum-clark beam, and this aluminum-clark beam passes through connector and is positioned at respectively
The upper transfer beams on top, the undersetting being positioned at bottom connect, with upper transfer beams and undersetting form one whole
Body.
The measurement apparatus of timber rift grain direction the most according to claim 1 single shearing strength, its feature exists
In, the rift grain direction of described timber is along the short transverse of wooden unit, and the angle of v-depression is 110 °.
The measurement apparatus of timber rift grain direction the most according to claim 2 single shearing strength, its feature exists
In, the top and the bottom of described timber respectively comprise a v-notch.
The measurement apparatus of timber rift grain direction the most according to claim 1 single shearing strength, its feature exists
In, described timber is bonding by glue with two, left and right aluminium block.
5. according to the measurement apparatus of the timber rift grain direction single shearing strength described in any one of Claims 1-4,
It is characterized in that, two, described left and right aluminium block is the most respectively by two connectors and upper transfer beams, undersetting
Connecting, connector is fixed be connected by screw rod and left and right aluminium block, upper transfer beams, undersetting.
The measurement apparatus of timber rift grain direction the most according to claim 5 single shearing strength, its feature exists
In, two, left and right aluminium block, on transfer beams, the front surface of undersetting and rear surface be respectively arranged with 4 companies
Fitting, each connector has 2 screw rods.
The measurement apparatus of timber rift grain direction the most according to claim 6 single shearing strength, its feature exists
In, described upper transfer beams, undersetting comprise the draw-in groove being used for fixing connector.
The measurement apparatus of timber rift grain direction the most according to claim 5 single shearing strength, its feature exists
In, the v-depression of described timber and the central point of upper transfer beams stagger.
The measurement apparatus of timber rift grain direction the most according to claim 5 single shearing strength, its feature exists
In, external load is directed at the v-depression of described wooden unit and is applied in described upper transfer beams with the form of concentration power.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610176985.2A CN105842084A (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | Measurement device of wood along-grain direction pure shear strength |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610176985.2A CN105842084A (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | Measurement device of wood along-grain direction pure shear strength |
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| CN105842084A true CN105842084A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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| CN201610176985.2A Pending CN105842084A (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2016-03-25 | Measurement device of wood along-grain direction pure shear strength |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108801808A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-13 | 广西大学 | A kind of anti-shear concrete Strength Testing Methods |
| CN110646286A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-03 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for semi-divisionally measuring tensile strength of palm rattan grain |
| CN112432849A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-02 | 北京交通大学 | Method for predicting shear strength of wood based on compressive strength of wood |
| CN113075061A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | System and method for testing shear stiffness of shale bedding interface |
| CN107941632B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2024-04-12 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Raw bamboo grain-oriented shear test device |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107941632B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2024-04-12 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Raw bamboo grain-oriented shear test device |
| CN108801808A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-13 | 广西大学 | A kind of anti-shear concrete Strength Testing Methods |
| CN108801808B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-07-16 | 广西大学 | Concrete shear strength test method |
| CN110646286A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-03 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for semi-divisionally measuring tensile strength of palm rattan grain |
| CN110646286B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2022-04-26 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for semi-divisionally measuring tensile strength of palm rattan grain |
| CN112432849A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-03-02 | 北京交通大学 | Method for predicting shear strength of wood based on compressive strength of wood |
| CN113075061A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | System and method for testing shear stiffness of shale bedding interface |
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