CN1666191B - 执行无线切换的方法 - Google Patents
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
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- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
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- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
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Abstract
一种无线LAN(WLAN)系统,用于在基本服务系统或胞元内多个用户间的通信,包含一切换存取点(SAP)以传输及接受一点至多点的通信至及自用户。在SAP有多个端口可供使用,每个端口被指定一独特载体频率,具非永久频率指定的能力及动态或伪随机载体指定能力,可隔离用户间的通信以防止冲突。SAP的另一实施例利用波束形成以提供空间端口以指定给多个用户。
Description
技术领域
本发明有关与数用户连接的无线LAN系统(WLAN),特别是关于供避免冲突的WLAN系统的切换。
背景技术
WLAN系统利用无执照波段供无线通信。一无线LAN(WLAN)通信系统可自一特别终端至一理想目的地,相同基本服务系统(BSS)内或基干网络的另一终端,但始终在同一载体内。WLAN系统有二作业模式:项目及基础结构。项目模式中,终端可一点至多点方式彼此通话。基本结构模式时,一存取点(AP)作为一基站以控制用户间的通话,因而提供一点至多点无线网络。因所有用户均分享WLAN中的一相同媒体,基本结构模式变为半繁忙至繁忙负荷的网络更有效率。
在基本结构模式中,当发送数据至理想目的地终端时,终端首先与AP通话。AP于是桥路或路由信息至理想目的地。因此在此模式中,WLAN通信系统的一AP控制BSS或单元中的传输。
媒体存取控制(MAC)协议被限定协调分享该波段的WLAN用户的频道使用。此等MAC协议是基于避免用户间同时存取频道的冲突。协议的效率以成功的避免冲突而衡量。
WLAN使用的二协议为CSMA/CA MAC及CSMA/CD以太网协议。二协议可感测出其它传输的载体。以太网可以不同方式连接,包括以太网网络集线器及以太网开关。以太网网络集线器将中央点的连接集中为一点至多点连接,而不影响性能。一以太网开关在来自终端的包封每次到达时操作。该开关读取目的地的地址,了解其连接至何端口,及在二物理端口之间作成直接连接。该以太网开关的优点为,MAC不能感测媒体中的任何用户,与以太网络集线器比较,因而经由冲突降低可能性及可改进输出量而改善性能。一以太网络集线器将接收的包封传输至所有用户,即使仅有一个接收者亦如此。该网络集线器不检示地址信息。以太网络开关仅发出包封直接至预定的目的地,结果导致可用带宽的更有效利用。
一般WLAN AP无法同时利用一个以上的载波频率,因而引起低协议效率。以太网开关已证明可大幅改善以太网协议的效率。
因此,当终端分享相同媒体时,需要一能改进无线点至多点网络的性能的方法。
发明内容
在一基本服务系统或包含切换存取点(SAP)的单元,以传输及接收一点至多点通信自及至各用户的一种无线LAN(WLAN)系统中。在SAP有多个端口可资利用,以非永久频率指定的能力及动态或伪随机载体指定的能力,每一被指定一独特载波频率以隔离用户间的通信,以防止冲突。SAP的另一实施例利用波束形成以提供空间端口指定给多个用户。
附图说明
图1A显示具有频率载体以太网络端口的一WLAN的系统图。
图1B显示一简化的用户终端及利用频率载体以太网络端口的切换存取点的略图。
图2A显示具有空间波束以太网络端口的WLAN的系统图。
图2B显示用户终端及利用空间波束以太网络端口的切换存取点的简化图。
具体实施方式
图1A显示一系统,其应用以太网络切换原则于一存取点(AP)以操作多频率,使该AP变成一切换存取点(SAP)106。频率载体f1-f5被认为SAP中不同端口处理,自SAP该用户终端101-105以控制方式具有集中的存取至频率载体f1-f5。
如图1A所示,每一用户终端101-105被指定一频率载体f1-f5,SAP106有能力接收及发射每一载体f1-f5。为避免永久指定载体f1-f5给每一用户终端101-105,可使用二种方法。在较佳实施例中,理想是但非必要,不永久指定载体给用户终端101-105。一非永久指定可避免指定给一不发射数据的一终端。当更多终端较可用频率多时,如一永久指定的频率终端而不使用该频率时,一有发射数据的终端可被防止指定频率。
一动态载体指定DCA计划可予应用,其中,用户终端101-105在共享载体中发出请求传输(RTS),于是SAP以可以传输(CTS)回答,指出该载体可用来供传输之用。
或者,可利用一跳频计划,其中,用户终端101-105具有一伪随机顺序以改变载体,由用户终端101-105及SAP106称为先验,以便使二用户终端同时利用相同载体的可能性最小。根据目前802.11b标准发展的较佳WLAN,三载体供跳频之用。但802.11a标准中,八载体供跳频之用。无线切换系统100可利用DCA及跳频或分别及组合使用。
图1B说明一较佳用户终端及利用多频率的SAP。SAP 106有一频率指定装置120以指定频率(频率端口)给用户终端101-105。一多频率接收机118接收自终端101-105利用指定的频率端口发出的数据。一多频率发射机116自一终端至另一终端利用目的地终端的指定频率发射数据。多频率发射机116较佳亦发射指定至终端101-105。一天线122或天线列用以发出及接收由SAP106的数据于数据接口124上。
终端101-105有一多频率接收机114以接收频率指定,及在终端的指定频率上恢复发射的数据。一频率控制器108利用接收的指定频率以控制终端101-105的发射及接收频率。一多频率发射机110在指定频率上发射数据。
图2A显示无线切换的另一实施例,其指定每一用户终端201-205以空间端口而非特殊频率如图2A所示,空间波束b1-b5由波束形成建立,可用以作为端口以便将用户终端201-206彼此隔离。SAP206可辨认每一用户终端201-205的目的地的地址,及将波束与每一地址关连。SAP206能同时接收一个以上的波束。
图2B说明较佳用户终端及利用空间波束的SAP。该SAP206有一波束控制器220以决定何一波束(空间端口)与一特别用户有关。该控制器220提供一波束形成发射机216及波束形成接收机218供波束信息之用,使一适当空间端口用来供一指定的终端。一天线阵列214用来在无线接口222上传输及接收数据。
终端201-205具有一波束形成接收机210,以接收利用天线阵列212发射的数据。波束形成发射机208利用天线阵列212发射数据至SAP206。
虽然,图1A,1B,2A及2B中的系统构型显示五个用户终端,任何数目的用户终端均可使用。其目的为示范而非限制系统能力范围。图1A及2A中的无线切换系统可分别使用或联合使用。为说明起见,用户终端101-105可由空间波束及频率的组合加以区别。图1A及2A的无线切换系统可应用于包括以下系统,但不限于,直接顺序(DS)WLAN及正交频率区分多任务(OFDM)WLAN系统。
Claims (6)
1.一种无线LAN(WLAN)系统,用于在一基本服务系统或胞元内的多个用户间的通信,包含:
一切换存取点(SAP),用以传输及接收一点至多点的通信至及自各用户,该切换存取点包含:
一多频发射机,经设置以执行波束形成发射;
一指定装置;及
多个用户终端,每一用户终端经由该指定装置而被指定一独特的空间端口与载体频率的组合,以隔离用户间的通信以防止冲突;
其中每一指定并非永久,反之,有一以自用户的请求发送信号及自SAP的清除发送信号来达成动态或伪随机载体指定的能力。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于该核准传送信号指示一指定给用户的频率。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于该核准传送信号指示给用户的伪随机载体指定。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于该伪随机载体指定是由用户沿改变载体的顺序跳频而达成,该顺序由用户及SAP称为先验。
5.一种无线LAN(WLAN)用户终端,包含:
一多频发射机,经设置以发射请求发送信息,及在指定的独特空间端口与发射载体的组合上发射数据;
一多频接收机,经设置以在第一频率接收核准传输信号,及在指定的独特空间波束与接收载体的组合上接收数据;及
一频率控制器,可操作地耦合至多频接收机,利用接收的核准传输信号,以决定用户终端的指定的发射及指定的接收载体。
6.如权利要求5所述的WLAN用户终端,其特征在于该核准传输信号指示一伪随机发射及接收载体指定。
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US10/334,858 US20040004951A1 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2002-12-31 | Method for performing wireless switching |
US10/334,858 | 2002-12-31 | ||
PCT/US2003/020823 WO2004006117A1 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-07-02 | Method for performing wireless switching |
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CN2007101527695A Division CN101132333B (zh) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-07-02 | 执行无线切换的方法 |
CN201010143544A Division CN101772040A (zh) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-07-02 | 执行无线切换的方法 |
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CN1666191B true CN1666191B (zh) | 2010-04-28 |
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CN038159236A Expired - Fee Related CN1666191B (zh) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-07-02 | 执行无线切换的方法 |
CN201010143544A Pending CN101772040A (zh) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-07-02 | 执行无线切换的方法 |
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EP (2) | EP1895716B1 (zh) |
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EP1530316A1 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-05-11 | Go Networks | Improving the performance of a wireless packet data communication system |
JP2006025065A (ja) * | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-26 | Nec Corp | ネットワーク、ネットワーク機器及びそれに用いるローカル認証方法並びにそのプログラム |
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CN100477851C (zh) * | 2005-01-05 | 2009-04-08 | 国际商业机器公司 | 在无线局域网的两种通信模式之间进行切换的方法和系统 |
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