CN1662593A - 用于聚合物组合物的多功能微胶囊化添加剂 - Google Patents
用于聚合物组合物的多功能微胶囊化添加剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1662593A CN1662593A CN038143887A CN03814388A CN1662593A CN 1662593 A CN1662593 A CN 1662593A CN 038143887 A CN038143887 A CN 038143887A CN 03814388 A CN03814388 A CN 03814388A CN 1662593 A CN1662593 A CN 1662593A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/06—Making microcapsules or microballoons by phase separation
- B01J13/08—Simple coacervation, i.e. addition of highly hydrophilic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/32—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Abstract
提供一种包括芯材和壳材的多功能微胶囊,其中芯材包括主要部分的一种或多种功能添加剂,壳材包括至少一种添加剂;制造这种多功能微胶囊的方法和掺入这种多功能微胶囊的聚合物产品。
Description
发明背景
添加剂在聚合物材料、特别是聚合物泡沫体的性能上起到关键的作用,和在决定其性能上甚至起到更加重要的作用。然而,一些所需的添加剂由于添加剂的反应性和交叉反应性导致可能引起聚合物材料的加工、使用和/或处理困难。
例如,红外衰减剂在增加消光系数,进而增加聚合物泡沫体R值方面非常有效。然而,许多红外衰减剂是无机物且亲水,这使得难以将它们分散在聚合物组合物内。其它红外衰减剂可对塑料中常用的其它添加剂,如氧化铁和六溴环十二烷(HBCD)(一种阻燃剂)具有很大的反应性。聚合物组合物的另一重要性能是紫外光稳定性。然而,HBCD,例如增加聚苯乙烯泡沫体对紫外光的敏感度。
溴化阻燃剂,如HBCD,已广泛用于挤塑聚苯乙烯(XPS)泡沫体。然而,认为溴化阻燃剂引起生物积累和生态毒性问题。由于HBCD可能对水生有机物的生物积累和毒性导致一些欧洲国家,如瑞典,完全禁止使用HBCD。
添加剂也可影响聚合物材料的加工。例如,HBCD起到增塑剂的作用,它极大地降低掺入它的XPS泡沫产品的强度。为了补偿HBCD或显示增塑剂活性的其它添加剂的削弱效果,在较厚的泡孔壁和支架结构内要求额外的材料以维持这种泡沫体的目标强度,从而增加所得产品的密度和成本这二者。此外,HBCD可在较高的加工温度下分解,这不仅负面影响产品,而且影响加工机械,如挤塑模头、机筒和螺杆。
微胶囊化是已在许多不同领域中使用的公知技术。例如美国专利No.3660321公开了成型固体聚苯乙烯制品,它包括含阻燃剂且直径为20微米的微胶囊(实施例1)。
美国专利No.4138356教导了可将平均直径低于5微米且含有阻燃剂的微胶囊掺入到聚合物材料如聚氨酯泡沫体内,且没有影响泡沫体的泡孔壁的结构完整性。
美国专利No.5043218中的实施例A公开了用三聚氰胺甲醛聚合物涂布HBCD形成平均粒度为7.5微米的微胶囊化HBCD。该专利还教导了可使用烃类发泡剂制造含有这种微胶囊的聚苯乙烯泡沫体。欧洲专利No.180795公开了一种阻燃剂,它包括在三聚氰胺甲醛树脂内微胶囊化的多磷酸铵。
发明概述
本发明提供一种多功能的微胶囊,形成这种微胶囊的方法,和掺入一种或多种多功能微胶囊的聚合物材料。微胶囊的例子有芯材,所述芯材包括用壳材包封的至少一种功能添加剂,所述壳材也包括至少一种功能添加剂。可配制掺入一种或多种多功能微胶囊的例举聚合物产品,以提供改进的阻燃性、烟雾抑制、红外衰减、强度、热稳定性、抗白蚁性和R-值(降低的导热率)。
在优选的实施方案中,芯材包括包封在壳材内的主要部分的阻燃剂,所述壳材包括主要部分聚合物材料(典型地包括一种或多种选自聚烯烃、聚氨酯、聚酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯和聚碳酸酯中的材料),和小部分功能添加剂。可选择掺入到壳组合物内的功能添加剂以改进或提高成品的阻燃性、烟雾抑制、绝热性、强度、热稳定性和或抗白蚁性。
在另一优选的实施方案中,本发明提供聚苯乙烯泡沫体,它包括在功能化聚合物壳组合物内微胶囊化的约0.25-约10wt%,优选约0.5-约3wt%的阻燃剂添加剂,其中主要部分微胶囊的直径不大于约5微米。
附图的简要说明
图1以10微米的比例示出了本发明微胶囊化的HBCD颗粒的形态。
图2以20微米的比例示出了本发明微胶囊化的HBCD颗粒的形态。
图3A和3B列出了在常规未胶囊化的HBCD(图3A)和根据本发明微胶囊化的HBCD(图3B)上的差示扫描量热(DSC)试验。
图4示出了本发明聚苯乙烯泡沫体的微结构。
图5示出了本发明的聚苯乙烯泡沫体的微结构并鉴定了在其中的微胶囊化的HBCD颗粒。
例举实施方案的说明
本发明的例举实施方案提供了微胶囊,它具有包括主要部分的一种或多种功能添加剂的芯组合物。阻燃剂,如卤化阻燃剂优选作为芯组合物的主要组分。
可在芯组合物中使用常规的卤化阻燃剂,其中包括例如脂族或脂环族烃的溴化物,如HBCD;芳族化合物的溴化物如六溴苯、亚乙基双(五溴联苯)、BE-51(商购于Great Lakes Chemical Company,WestLafayette,Indiana的四溴双酚A双(烯丙基醚))、十溴二苯甲烷、十溴二苯醚、八溴二苯醚、2,3-二溴丙基五溴单苯醚;溴化双酚及其衍生物如四溴双酚A、四溴双酚A双(2,3-二溴丙基醚)、四溴双酚A(2-溴乙基醚)、四溴双酚A二缩水甘油醚、四溴双酚A二缩水甘油醚与三溴苯酚的加合物;溴化双酚衍生物的预聚物如四溴双酚A聚碳酸酯预聚物,四溴 双酚A缩水甘油醚和溴代双酚的加合物的环氧预聚物;溴代芳族化合物如亚乙基双四溴邻苯二 甲酰胺和双(2,4,6-三溴苯氧基)乙烷;溴化丙烯酸树脂;和亚乙基双二溴单降冰片烷二酰亚胺。
也可使用氯化阻燃剂如氯化链烷烃、氯化萘、全氯十五烷、氨代芳族化合物和氯代脂环族化合物。类似地,基于磷的阻燃剂,如TPP(磷酸三苯酯)和其它阻燃剂如DCP(过氧化二枯基)可掺入到芯组合物内且可单独或以混合物形式使用。
除了阻燃剂以外,其它功能添加剂可包括在芯材组合物内,其中包括例如烟雾抑制剂,如氧化锑,和红外衰减剂如黑色氧化铁、氧化锰(IV)和纳米炭黑颗粒。
芯材本身又被包封在聚合物壳材内形成微胶囊。优选选择本发明所使用的壳材在它们将掺入其中的聚合物组合物内热、化学和机械稳定且对那些聚合物组合物具有预期的应用。
然而,根据本发明,将功能添加剂,如阻燃剂、烟雾抑制剂、红外衰减剂、紫外稳定剂、火焰扩散减少剂、成核剂、导热改性剂、热稳定剂和抗白蚁剂共混到芯材内以改进掺有微胶囊的产品的这种性能。功能壳添加剂可包括有机和无机材料这二者,如氧化铁、氧化锰(IV)和硼酸锌(Zn3B4O9·5H2)。
基本的壳材典型地包括主要部分的一种或多种聚合物材料如三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(MF)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚亚甲基脲、聚酯、聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)。应当选择特定的壳材足够热稳定,以避免在掺入微胶囊的聚合物产品的配混和形成工艺过程中预期的工艺条件下,典型地达最少约250℃下壳的破裂。类似地,应当选择和形成壳材,以提供充足的机械强度,避免因在形成、储存和运输微胶囊以及掺入微胶囊的聚合物产品的共混和形成工艺过程中预期的冲击和机械应力下导致破裂。
还应当选择壳材化学稳定,也就是说,在形成和随后使用掺入微胶囊的聚合物产品的过程中预计的操作温度范围内,相对于被包封的芯材组合物如HBCD,和相对于打算采用的聚合物产品的聚合物基体如发泡聚苯乙烯泡沫体,通常均不反应。
相反,还应当选择和形成壳材,在合适的条件下分解、熔融或要么破裂,以便释放其中包括功能添加剂的微胶囊化芯材组合物。例如,当功能添加剂是阻燃剂时,应当选择和形成壳材,在升高的温度下,如约400℃下释放芯材,以增加聚合物产品的阻燃性。
在微胶囊的制造中,通常包括不溶疏水粉末或颗粒(例如HBCD、DCP、BE-51和TPP)的芯材可分散在含水悬浮液中。然后可通过凝聚过程将壳材施加到分散的颗粒上,形成包围分散的芯材颗粒的壳材层。可通过改变pH或其它性能,诱发凝聚(相分离),降低壳材如聚氨酯或其它热固性聚合物的溶解度,从而引起壳材沉淀和形成包围分散芯材的壳。或者,可使用界面或就地聚合方法形成壳层。
在二酰氯和胺或醇之间的典型聚合可用于生产包括聚氨酯、聚酯或聚碳酸酯的壳。例如,可形成HBCD颗粒和二酰氯的含水分散液,然后可将胺和多官能团异氰酸酯的水溶液加入到该分散液中。然后将碱加入到该含水分散液中以增加pH,从而引起在连续相和分散的芯材之间的界面处形成壳层,结果形成微胶囊。异氰酸酯起到交联剂的作用,以增加所得壳层的机械强度并进而增加微胶囊的抗冲击破坏。
本领域的技术人员熟悉配有速度可调混合器的各种常规反应器,该反应器可用于控制微胶囊颗粒的分布。可改变诸如溶剂的选择、含水悬浮液的浓度、搅拌速度、温度分布曲线和pH之类的反应参数来调节微胶囊诸如粒径和分布、壳厚、壳的渗透度和壳的强度之类的特征,所有这些常规技术是本领域那些技术人员公知的。
根据本发明,微胶囊优选直径小于约20微米,优选小于约6微米的球形。这种尺寸使得它们可与聚合物基体发泡的微孔的泡孔形态(泡孔尺寸、几何设计、泡孔壁和支架结构)相容。这种尺寸也使得微胶囊可在发泡工艺中起到成核剂的作用。
在制备根据本发明掺入多功能微胶囊的聚合物产品中,可使用常规技术如发泡、挤塑和模塑。例如,可或者在双螺杆挤出机(低剪切)中或者在单螺杆挤出机(高剪切)中,制备挤塑的聚苯乙烯聚合物泡沫体。挤出机典型地包括多个供料器、具有混合能力的挤塑螺杆、加热元件、气体注射入口、冷却区、均化器、动态和/或静态冷却器、模头和/或定型模、真空腔室、引出输送器、切割操作,和包装设备。
至于形成掺入多功能微胶囊的泡沫体所使用的聚合物组合物,可或者单独或者结合使用各种发泡剂,如HCFC、HFC、CO2、H2O、惰性气体和烃,和可包括一种或多种成核剂如滑石。基于聚合物基体和任何添加剂的总重量,典型地以3-15wt%的相对用量范围使用发泡剂。例如,可使用8-14%的HCFC-142b,可一起使用4-10%的HFC-134a与3%乙醇,和一起使用3-6%的CO2与1.8%的乙醇。发泡方法典型地牵涉200℃-250℃的熔体混合温度,100℃-130℃的模头熔融温度,和50-80bar的模头压力。发泡膨胀比,也就是说,膨胀的泡沫体厚度对泡沫体挤塑穿过其中的模头间隙的宽度之比典型地在20-70范围内。
实施例
实施例1
混合聚氨酯聚合物与硼酸锌(Zn3B4O9·5H2O),并在水溶液中交联该混合物。独立地混合HBCD、水和分散剂,形成悬浮液,然后将该悬浮液加入到水溶液中。过滤并洗涤所得微胶囊化HBCD,得到由约90wt%HBCD和10wt%聚氨酯组成的产品。颗粒的平均直径为5.0微米,和约75wt%的颗粒的直径≤5微米。
图1和2分别以10微米和20微米的比例示出了微胶囊化HBCD颗粒的形态。图3报道的差示扫描量热(DSC)试验结果证明,根据本发明的微胶囊化HBCD(图3B)保持稳定的温度比采用常规的未胶囊化HBCD(图3B)实现稳定的情况高约60℃。
实施例2
通过混合393kg聚苯乙烯、2.4kg滑石、1.8kg粉红着色剂和3kg实施例1的微胶囊化HBCD产品,从而制备聚苯乙烯配方。在240℃下混合该配方,和在60bar的压力下,将11wt%的HCFC-142b发泡剂添加到该混合物中。然后,在120℃下将该配方挤塑穿过模头,随后它膨胀为发泡比为约60的泡沫体。
所得泡沫体的厚度为25mm,和泡孔尺寸为约0.31mm×0.34mm×0.30mm。该泡沫体根据ASTM D2863测试的氧气指数大于26%,根据ASTM D 1621测试的新鲜压缩强度为180kPa,根据ASTM C518测试的在24℃的平均温度下的新鲜导热率为0.0203W/m.K,和根据ASTM D1622测试的密度为35.1kg/m3。
实施例3
通过混合387kg聚苯乙烯、2.4kg滑石、0.4kg粉红着色剂和10kg实施例1的微胶囊化HBCD产品,从而制备聚苯乙烯配方。在240℃下混合该配方,和在60bar的压力下,将11wt%的HCFC-142b发泡剂添加到该混合物中。然后,在120℃下将该配方挤塑穿过模头,随后它膨胀为发泡比为约60的泡沫体。
所得泡沫体的厚度为25mm,和泡孔尺寸为约0.29mm×0.28mm×0.27mm。该泡沫体根据ASTM D2863测试的氧气指数为29%,根据ASTMD 1621测试的新鲜压缩强度为184kPa,根据ASTM C518测试的在24℃的平均温度下的新鲜导热率为0.0197W/m·K,和根据ASTM D 1622测试的密度为35.3kg/m3。
说明在聚苯乙烯泡沫体的聚合物基体内包括微胶囊的图4和5提供了该聚苯乙烯泡沫体微结构的两种不同视角。在图5中,通过符号“Br”表示代表性微胶囊化HBCD颗粒。
实施例4
通过混合394kg聚苯乙烯、2.4kg滑石、0.4kg粉红着色剂和3kg实施例1的微胶囊化HBCD产品,从而制备聚苯乙烯配方。在240℃下混合该配方,和在60bar的压力下,将11wt%的HCFC-142b发泡剂添加到该混合物中。然后,在120℃下将该配方挤塑穿过模头,随后它膨胀为泡沫体。发泡比,也就是说,泡沫体厚度对模头间隙之比为约60。
所得泡沫体的厚度为25mm,和泡孔尺寸为约0.28mm×0.29mm×0.29mm。该泡沫体根据ASTM D2863测试的氧气指数为27.2%,根据ASTM D 1621测试的新鲜压缩强度为176kPa,根据ASTM C518测试的在24℃的平均温度下的新鲜导热率为0.0260W/m·K,和根据ASTM D1622测试的密度为35.9kg/m3。
实施例5
在基本上不含锌的聚苯乙烯树脂和含有约1500ppm锌的聚苯乙烯树脂存在下,评价微胶囊化HBCD和目前阻燃剂的样品。在样品A中,三聚氰胺树脂用于形成微胶囊的壳层,和在样品B中,聚氯乙烯树脂用于形成微胶囊的壳层。对照样品使用常规的未胶囊化HBCD。
然后,使用基于GB1680;UDC665.41:678.016“Standard TestMethod of Chlorinated Parafins Determination of ThermalStability Undex”的改性方法,测试样品的化学稳定性。将样品放置在试管内,并浸渍在油浴中,该试管具有放置于试管顶部处的pH敏感石蕊试纸。使用磁搅拌辅助确保均匀加热油浴和试管。以约10℃/分钟的速度增加油浴温度。肉眼评估样品的熔融温度和pH敏感石蕊试纸的颜色变化,所述颜色变化将表示从阻燃剂中释放出酸(表示分解温度)。下表示出了从阻燃剂中发生酸的释放(这通过石蕊试纸颜色变化来表示)时的温度。
材料 | PS树脂0ppm Zn分解温度℃ | PS树脂1500ppm Zn分解温度℃ |
样品A ME-HBCD | 237 | 225 |
样品C对照* | 256 | 234 |
样品B ME-HBCD | 255 | 252 |
*稳定化处理的HBCD SP75,获自Great Lakes Chemical Company
根据分解温度数据反映出,相对于未胶囊化的样品来说,在聚合物壳内包封功能芯材降低基本上不含锌和含锌组合物的分解温度之差。确实,使用聚氯乙烯壳材降低分解温度之差到约3℃,相比之下,未胶囊化的HBCD降低约22℃。
本领域的那些技术人员应当理解,可在芯材、壳材和所得聚合物产品内作出一些改性和改变,且没有脱离所附权利要求定义的本发明的范围。
Claims (20)
1.一种多功能微胶囊,它包括:
芯材,该芯材包括主要部分的第一种添加剂;和
壳材,该壳材掺入小部分的第二种添加剂。
2.权利要求1的多功能微胶囊,其中:
第一种添加剂包括阻燃剂;和
第二种添加剂选自阻燃剂、烟雾抑制剂、红外衰减剂、火焰扩散减少剂、导热改性剂、热稳定剂和抗白蚁剂。
3.权利要求2的多功能微胶囊,其中:
第一种添加剂至少占芯材重量的80%;和
第二种添加剂不大于壳材重量的20%。
4.权利要求3的多功能微胶囊,其中:
第一种添加剂至少占芯材重量的90%;和
第二种添加剂不大于壳材重量的10%。
5.一种形成多功能微胶囊的方法,包括:
在一种流体内分布芯材;
在该流体内分布壳材和壳添加剂;和
改性流体的至少一种性能,其程度足以引起壳材和壳材添加剂在包围芯材的壳层内结合,从而产生多个微胶囊。
6.根据权利要求5形成多功能微胶囊的方法,其中:
在作为悬浮液或乳液的流体内分布芯材;
在该流体内分布壳材,形成溶液或乳液;和
增加溶液的pH,以诱导在芯材和流体之间的界面处壳材的凝聚。
7.根据权利要求6形成多功能微胶囊的方法,其中:
芯材是阻燃剂且悬浮在水中;
壳材选自聚烯烃、聚氨酯、聚酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚氯乙烯和三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和壳添加剂是硼酸锌或成核剂;和
芯材占微胶囊的至少80wt%。
8.根据权利要求7形成多功能微胶囊的方法,其中:
阻燃剂是HBCD;
壳材是聚氨酯;和
壳添加剂是硼酸锌。
9.根据权利要求7形成多功能微胶囊的方法,其中:
微胶囊的中值直径小于10微米。
10.根据权利要求9形成多功能微胶囊的方法,其中:
微胶囊的中值直径小于5微米。
11.根据权利要求10形成多功能微胶囊的方法,其中:
至少70wt%微胶囊具有小于5微米的中值直径。
12.根据权利要求5形成多功能微胶囊的方法,其中:
微胶囊在分解温度下释放芯材,分解温度为至少250℃。
13.根据权利要求12形成多功能微胶囊的方法,其中:
分解温度为至少350℃。
14.一种聚合物泡沫体,它包括:
聚合物基体;和
多个多功能微胶囊,该微胶囊包括被一层功能壳组合物围绕的功能芯材。
15.权利要求14的聚合物泡沫体,其中:
功能芯材包括阻燃剂;和
功能壳材包括主要的聚合物组分和次要的功能添加剂组分。
16.权利要求14的聚合物泡沫体,其中:
聚合物泡沫体包括聚苯乙烯;和
微胶囊的中值直径小于5微米。
17.权利要求14的聚合物泡沫体,其中:
主要的聚合物组分包括一种或多种选自三聚氰胺甲醛树脂、聚乙烯醇、聚酯和聚碳酸酯中的材料;和
次要的功能添加剂组分包括一种或多种选自阻燃剂、火焰抑制剂、传导性改进剂、热稳定剂和杀虫剂中的材料。
18.权利要求14的聚合物泡沫体,其中:
阻燃剂包括一种或多种选自HBCD、DCP、BE-51和TPP中的材料;和
主要的聚合物组分包括三聚氰胺甲醛树脂和次要的功能添加剂组分包括硼酸锌。
19.权利要求14的聚合物泡沫体,其中:
微胶囊占聚合物泡沫体重量的约0.25至约10%;和
微胶囊的中值直径不大于约5微米。
20.权利要求14的聚合物泡沫体,其中:
阻燃剂包括一种或多种选自HBCD、DCP、BE-51和TPP中的材料;和
主要的聚合物组分包括聚氨酯和次要的功能添加剂组分包括硼酸锌。
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US (1) | US7005457B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1529076A2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005529748A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20050033557A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1662593A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003238306B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2489148C (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2004000926A2 (zh) |
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- 2003-06-20 CA CA2489148A patent/CA2489148C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN110359107A (zh) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-22 | 河北昊宇新能源科技有限公司 | 一种功能性聚合物成形体及应用 |
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JP2005529748A (ja) | 2005-10-06 |
WO2004000926A3 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
CA2489148C (en) | 2013-04-23 |
EP1529076A2 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
CA2489148A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
US20040051191A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
AU2003238306B2 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
MXPA04012886A (es) | 2006-04-07 |
WO2004000926A2 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
WO2004000926A9 (en) | 2004-05-21 |
US7005457B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 |
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KR20050033557A (ko) | 2005-04-12 |
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