CN1662141A - 驱虫剂 - Google Patents
驱虫剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1662141A CN1662141A CN03814389.5A CN03814389A CN1662141A CN 1662141 A CN1662141 A CN 1662141A CN 03814389 A CN03814389 A CN 03814389A CN 1662141 A CN1662141 A CN 1662141A
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- Prior art keywords
- menthyl ester
- carbamic acid
- ester
- carbon atoms
- compound
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- DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N (R)-camphor Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-XCBNKYQSSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/20—N-Aryl derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
将N-取代的p-薄荷烷氨甲酰用作驱虫组合物的活性成分的用途,该组合物少有或没有臭味,并且对人类、宠物和家畜来说是无毒的。
Description
本发明涉及具有驱虫特性的化合物,并且涉及含有这种化合物的组合物。
已知很多昆虫都是害虫,并且某些属的昆虫甚至造成了健康危害。因此,业已付出了很多努力,以便消灭或者至少控制这些害虫。消灭昆虫的一种方法是使用合成生产的杀虫剂。不过,某些昆虫属可能对某些杀虫剂产生抗性,而其它的杀虫剂对人和其它动物的生命具有不希望的影响,因此必须对这些杀虫剂的使用进行严格管理,甚至是禁止。
已知天然存在的物质同样具有驱虫特性,例如香茅油、妥鲁香和秘鲁香脂,樟脑和各种桉树。不过,很多天然物质至少以具有驱虫效果所必需的量使用时具有嗅觉特征,这使得它们不能够用于同时含有香料的组合物中。
现有技术一直在寻求高效驱虫化合物,这些化合物少有或基本上没有臭味。因此,在US 5182305中披露了N-芳基和N-环烷基新链烷酰胺。在US 5391578中披露了N-低级烷基新链烷酰胺,它在驱虫的长期效果方面好于DEET。在WO 00/16738中披露的薄荷基2-吡咯烷酮-5-羧酸酯,其是与DEET相当的有效的驱虫剂。最后,在WO 02/15692中披露了含有某些具有良好驱虫特性的甲烷氨甲酰的组合物。
上述现有技术的努力体现了消费者对改进的驱虫化合物的需求,这些化合物是对用户或环境无害的,并且在对付目标昆虫群体方面是高度有效的。另外,由于所述化合物的最终用途是大体积的、低价格的或日用产品,价格敏感性是在新化合物开发中要解决的问题。
现已发现了一种具有驱虫特性的新型的化合物,这种化合物能满足在前面的段落中所提出的要求。因此,本发明的第一方面,提供了将具有以下结构式的化合物用作驱虫剂的用途
其中,
R1和R2分别选自:氢;具有1-20个碳原子的脂族残基,或具有5-14个碳原子的脂环族残基,或包含一个或多个选自O、N或S的杂原子的上述脂族或脂环族残基;具有6-14个碳原子的芳基或杂芳基并且其中的杂原子选自O、N或S;或用选自下列的基团取代过的上述任何基团:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C2-4链烯基、上述芳基或杂芳基、芳氧基、氨基、酰氨基、酯、酮基、羟基和卤素,例如Cl、Br或I,或
R1和R2以及与它们连接的氮原子一起构成了5或6元环,该环任选地包含选自O、N或S的其它杂原子。
优选的基团R1和R2可选自烷基,例如C1-4烷基,更优选甲基、乙基、正或异丙基、或正或仲丁基,环烷基,例如具有5或6个碳原子,或苯基。
最优选的R1和R2基团是在下面的实施例1的化合物上所提供的基团。
化合物n-丁基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;异-丁基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;二乙基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;吗啉-4-羧酸(-)-薄荷酯;和3-[(-)-薄荷氧基-羰基氨基]-丙酸酯具有令人感兴趣的驱虫特性,并且这些化合物构成了本发明的另一方面。
上述所述的化合物对昆虫、特别是针对蟑螂具有良好的驱虫活性。同时,可以将它们安全地用在人体、宠物和家畜上,或用在人、宠物或家畜有可能接触到的表面上。所述化合物还具有良好的直接性,因此,在使用它们的表面上,提供了能防止昆虫危害的长期活性。另外,所述化合物少有或没有臭味,这使得它们适合用于加香组合物。可以将一种以上这样的化合物用于一种用途。
本发明的化合物具有3个手性中心,能产生8种立体异构体。因此,所有可能的立体异构体都包含在本发明的范围内。不过,一般来说,下面所提供的立体化学特性的,源于天然存在的薄荷醇[(-)3-p-薄荷醇]的化合物是优选的。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,提供了将选自在下面的实施例1中所提供的化合物或化合物的混合物用作驱虫剂的用途。
本发明的化合物能够以直接的方式制备,例如,薄荷醇能够与具有基团R1和R2的氯甲酸酯在碱性条件下,以本领域公知的方式起反应。所述氯甲酸酯可以通过商业渠道购买,或者按照本领域公知的合成方法、由已知的原材料合成。在下面的实施例中提供了有关所述化合物合成的进一步的和更具体的信息。
在本发明的另一方面,提供了包括上文所述的至少一种化合物的驱虫组合物。
用于所述组合物中的化合物的量可以根据多种因素有很多变化,这些因素包括需要处理的昆虫侵害的性质,以及其它驱虫剂在该组合物中的存在或缺乏。通常,所述化合物或化合物混合物的用量为1ppm-1000ppm,不过,在某些场合下,还可以使用该极限范围以外的量。可以浓缩物形式提供所述化合物或化合物的混合物,该浓缩物通常含有占组合物重量的0.1-25%的所述化合物或化合物的混合物。然后,由用户将该浓缩物添加到其它成分中,以便得到具有所需浓度的最终产品。
含有本发明化合物或化合物混合物的组合物,可以施用在需要防止昆虫危害的物体上,直接以液体溶液或分散液形式、作为气溶胶或空气喷雾剂、或分散在粉末状载体中、或存在于合适的组合物中。例如,可用于驱赶昆虫的组合物包括洗涤组合物、清洁组合物、油漆、壁纸、室内装潢和/或地毯香波、液体肥皂、皂条、地板抛光剂、地板蜡和家具擦光剂。可用于从人体上驱虫的组合物也包括在本发明范围内,并且包括诸如精细芳香剂、古龙香水、护肤霜、防晒霜、皮肤洗液、除臭剂、滑石、浴油、肥皂、洗发香波、护发素和定型剂的组合物。
本发明的组合物可以包含与其它已知驱虫剂组合的本发明的化合物,所述其它驱虫剂包括但不局限于N,N-二乙基-m-甲苯酰胺(DEET)、N,N-二乙基-苯甲酰胺、薄荷基2吡咯烷酮-5-羧酸酯、N-芳基和N-环烷基新链烷酰胺、N-低级烷基新链烷酰胺和荆芥内酯。本发明的组合物还可以包含已知具有驱虫特性的天然油类。这些油类的例子包括但不局限于,例如香茅油、猫薄荷油、桉树油、柏树油、白松香油、妥鲁香和秘鲁香脂。
本发明的化合物或其混合物还可用于与至少一种杀虫剂组合,以便驱赶一个区域的昆虫,并且朝向所述地点,在这里,施用了所述杀虫剂,以便避免所述杀虫剂在特定区域起作用,例如,在含有食物的区域。另外,它们可以与杀虫剂一起配制,以便在驱虫活性减弱之后,所述处理过的区域对昆虫来说仍然是不安全的。
用于本发明的化合物或化合物的混合物还可以包含至少一种芳香化合物。所述芳香化合物的来源可以是天然的和/或合成的,所述天然和合成芳香成分的例子可以从以下文献中查到,例如,参见″Perfumeand Flavour Materials of Natural Origin″,S.Arctander,Ed.,Elizabeth,N.J.,1960和″Perfume and Flavour Chemicals″,S.Arctander,Ed.,Vol.I & II,Allured Publishing Corporation,Carol Stream,USA,1994。
所述组合物可附加地含有溶剂。可以使用的溶剂为本领域技术人员所公知,并且包括乙醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯和邻苯二甲酸二甲酯。优选的溶剂是邻苯二甲酸二甲酯,其以驱虫特性而为人们所公知。
本发明的组合物可以包括本领域公认的常用于所述制剂中的其它成分。这些成分包括抗泡沫制剂、抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、抗再沉淀剂、漂白剂、着色剂、乳化剂、酶、脂肪、荧光材料、杀真菌剂、水溶助长剂、湿润剂、荧光增白剂、芳香剂载体、芳香剂、防腐剂、蛋白质、硅树脂、污垢释放剂、增溶剂、糖类衍生物、防晒剂、表面活性剂、维生素和蜡。
用于本发明的化合物具有作为接触和蒸汽驱虫剂两方面的有用特性。它们在驱虫作用方面好于各种商业化驱虫剂,特别是驱赶德国蟑螂,德国蟑螂被认为是最难控制的家庭害虫之一。由于这些化合物的低的蒸汽压力,在业已施用过这种化合物的表面上具有持久的效果。根据所使用的浓度,在局部施用之后,所述长效驱虫力可以长达2-3周的作用时间。另外,所述化合物在组合物中足够稳定,这是本发明的目的,以便保持它们的驱虫力。
在生产过程中,还可在本发明的组合物中掺入各种材料。用于制备包含本发明组合物的产品的方法包括在挤压期间将所述组合物掺入所述产品是优选的。
除了它们对付德国蟑螂的效果之外,按照本发明方法制备的组合物还能有效对付其它昆虫,如蚂蚁、蜜蜂、跳蚤、苍蝇、胡蜂、蚊子、蛾子、蠹虫和黄蜂,以及对付蛛形类,如螨虫、蜘蛛和扁虱。
由于经济原因,对付蚊子的效用同样是重要的,特别是对付按蚊属(它是疟疾的已知携带者,并且还能传播丝虫病和脑炎),库蚊属(它的病毒性脑炎和丝虫病的载体)以及伊蚊属(它是黄热病、登革热和脑炎的携带者)。在后面这些属中,对付埃及伊蚊的活性是特别重要的。
可以从添加或掺入本发明所提供的化合物和/或组合物中受益的产品包括但不局限于家用产品、工业清洗产品、个人护理制品以及宠物或家畜护理制品。另外,本发明还提供了包括上面所限定的组合物或化合物的覆盖材料,特别是地板、墙壁和家具覆盖材料、织物和塑料材料。因此,本发明还提供了一种驱虫方法,包括将包含至少一种上文所述化合物的制剂施用到基底上。
将通过下面的非限定性实施例以说明形式进一步披露本发明。
实施例1
用于合成(-)-薄荷基氨基甲酸酯的一般方法:
用0.5小时时间,向在冰水浴中冷却到5℃的机械搅拌的相应的胺(0.4mol,5当量)在甲苯(100ml)中的溶液中滴加溶解在甲苯(20ml)中的(-)-薄荷基氯甲酸酯(17.5g,0.08mol,1当量)溶液。通过冷却,将温度保持在5-15℃之间。让所得到的悬浮液升温至室温,并且继续搅拌,直到按照TLC分析确定反应结束(0.5-3小时)。
将混合物倒入冰/水(300ml)中,用甲苯萃取(2×200ml),并且分别用氢氯酸水溶液(5%,200ml),水(200ml)和盐水(200ml)洗涤有机相。在硫酸钠上干燥合并的有机层,并且在真空中浓缩,以便得到粗氨基甲酸酯。(对于甲胺和乙胺来说,使用乙醇溶液,所述反应混合物保持溶液形式,并且在水溶解(agueous work-up)之前需要将乙醇除去)。所述粗产品在不纯化的情况下使用,或者通过再结晶从己烷中纯化或进行′Kugelrohr′蒸馏,以便得到透明的(-)-薄荷基氨基甲酸酯,产率为75-90%。
(-)-薄荷基氨基甲酸酯的表征:
甲基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯
熔点:108-110℃(己烷),白色固体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.79(3H,d,J7,Me);0.80-0.98(2H,m,2xCH);0.89(6H,d,J7,Me2);1.06(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.29(1H,brt,J11,CH);1.42-1.55(1H,m,CH);1.60-1.72(2H,m,2xCH);1.86-1.98(1H,m,CH);2.01-2.09(1H,m,CH);2.79(3H,d,J5,MeNH);4.28-4.57(1H,brm,NH);4.55(1H,dt,J11,4,CHOCO)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):3377w,2961m,1688s,1525s,1258s,1139s。
MS[m/z(EI)]:213(M+,<1%),138(70),123(41),95(100),81(73),55(56),41(47)。
乙基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯
熔点:55-56℃(己烷),白色固体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.79(3H,d,J7,Me);0.81-0.99(2H,m,2xCH);0.89(6H,d,J7,Me2);1.05(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.13(3H,t,J7,CH2Me);1.28(1H,brt,J11,CH);1.43-1.55(1H,m,CH);1.61-1.72(2H,m,2xCH);1.86-1.99(1H,m,CH);2.01-2.09(1H,m,CH);3.14-3.27(2H,brm,CH2NH);4.26-4.65(1H,brm,NH);4.48-4.61(1H,brm,CHOCO)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):3377w,2960m,1687s,1524s,1249s,1019m。
MS[m/z(EI)]:227(M+H+,<1%),138(65),123(28),95(100),90(83),81(82),71(41),55(57),41(32)。
丁基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯
熔点:60-62℃(己烷),白色固体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.79(3H,d,J7,Me);0.80-0.98(2H,m,2xCH);0.89(6H,d,J7,Me2);0.92(3H,t,J7,CH2Me);1.06(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.28(1H,brt,J11,CH);1.31-1.39(2H,m,CH2Me);1.41-1.55(3H,m,CH和CH2);1.61-1.72(2H,m,2xCH);1.87-1.98(1H,m,CH);2.00-2.09(1H,m,CH);3.11-3.23(2H,brm,CH2NH);4.32-4.65(1H,brm,NH);4.48-4.61(1H,brm,CHOCO)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):3369w,2957m,1686s,1525s,1240s,1023m。
MS[m/z(EI)]:138(M-HOCONHBu+,26%),123(20),118(18),95(59),81(48),71(26),56(61),41(100),27(34)。
异丁基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯
熔点:99-102℃(己烷),白色固体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.79(3H,d,J7,Me);0.80-0.98(2H,m,2xCH);0.89(6H,d,J7,Me2);0.90(6H,d,J7,Me2);1.06(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.28(1H,brt,J11,CH);1.42-1.53(1H,m,CH);1.62-1.78(3H,m,3xCH);1.86-1.97(1H,m,CH);2.00-2.08(1H,m,CH);2.95-3.03(2H,brm,CH2NH);4.45-4.68(1H,brm,NH);4.53(1H,dt,J11,4,CHOCO)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):3373w,2959m,1687s,1528s,1276m,1241s,1144m,1039m。
MS[m/z(EI)]:138(M-HOCONHiBu+,28%),123(17),118(16),95(59),81(44),71(31),56(42),43(100),27(31)。
二乙基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯
沸点:90℃,0.03mbar,无色液体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.79(3H,d,J7,Me);0.87(1H,dt,J11,3,CH);0.90(6H,d,J7,Me2);0.95(1H,q,Jl1,CH);1.07(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.10(6H,t,J7,2xCH2Me);1.36(1H,tt,J11,3,CH);1.42-1.55(1H,m,CH);1.62-1.73(2H,m,2xCH);1.94(1H,ddq,J13,7,3,CH);2.02-2.10(1H,m,CH);3.20-3.35(4H,brm,2xCH2NH);4.57(1H,dt,J11,4,CHOCO)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):2955m,1695s,1422m,1271s,1172s,993m。
MS[m/z(EI)]:255(M+,<1%),138(42),118(91),95(29),83(100),69(34),55(48),41(29)。
吡咯烷-1-羧酸(-)-薄荷酯
粗产物:无色液体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.80(3H,d,J7,Me);0.88(1H,dt,J11,3,CH);0.90(6H,d,J7,Me2);0.95(1H,q,J11,CH);1.07(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.36(1H,tt,J11,3,CH);1.42-1.56(1H,m,CH);1.62-1.72(2H,m,2xCH);1.81-1.89(6H,m,CH2CH2);1.96(1H,ddq,J13,7,3,CH);2.05-2.13(1H,m,CH);3.28-3.40(4H,brm,2xCH2NH);4.55(1H,dt,J11,4,CHOCO)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):2952m,1699s,1411s,1100m.
MS[m/z(EI)]:253(M+,<1%),138(31),116(100),98(26),95(38),83(65),69(29),55(61),41(32)。
哌啶-1-羧酸(-)-薄荷酯
粗产物:无色液体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.79(3H,d,J7,Me);0.88(1H,dt,J11,3,CH);0.91(6H,d,J7,Me2);0.94(1H,q,J11,CH);1.07(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.37(1H,tt,J11,3,CH);1.42-1.72(9H,m,3xCH,CH2CH2CH2);1.92(1H,ddq,J13,7,3,CH);2.03-2.10(1H,m,CH);3.40(4H,t,J6,2xCH2NH);4.55(1H,dt,J11,4,CHOCO)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):2933m,1695s,1425m,1231m。
MS[m/z(EI)]:267(M+,<1%),138(41),130(100),95(43),83(66),69(41),55(47),41(46)。
吗啉-4-羧酸(-)-薄荷酯
粗产物:无色液体
1H-NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.79(3H,d,J7,Me);0.87(1H,dt,J11,3,CH);0.90(6H,d,J7,Me2);0.95(1H,q,J11,CH);1.08(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.36(1H,tt,I11,3,CH);1.42-1.56(1H,m,CH);1.63-1.72(2H,m,2xCH);1.89(1H,ddq,J13,7,3,CH);2.03-2.11(1H,m,CH);3.46(4H,t,J5,2.xCH2NH);3.65(4H,t,J5,2xCH2O);4.58(1H,dt,J11,4,CHOCO)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):2956m,1699s,1420m,1238s,1117m。
MS[m/z(EI)]:269(M+,<1%),138(61),95(42),83(100),69(37),57(41),55(53),41(33)。
苯基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯
熔点:111-113℃(己烷),白色固体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.81(3H,d,J7,Me);0.89(1H,dt,J11,3,CH);0.92(6H,d,J7,Me2);1.01(1H,q,J11,CH);1.10(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.37(1H,tt,J11,3,CH);1.45-1.58(1H,m,CH);1.66-1.74(2H,m,2xCH);1.97(1H,ddq,J13,7,3,CH);2.08-2.15(1H,m,CH);4.66(1H,dt,J11,4,CHOCO);6.54(1H,brs,NH);7.05(1H,brt,J7.5,PhH);7.30(2H,t,J7.5,2xPhH);7.38(2H,brd,J7.5,2xPhH)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):3364w,2955m,1697s,1524s,1443s,1226s,1050s。
MS[m/z(EI)]:275(M+,7%),137(28),119(89),95(84),83(100),69(45),55(82),41(62)。
3-[(-)-薄荷氧基-羰基氨基]-丙酸酯
熔点:49-51℃(己烷),白色固体
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,以Hz为单位的偶合常数):0.79(3H,d,J7,Me);0.80-0.98(2H,m,2xCH);0.91(6H,d,J7,Me2);1.05(1H,dq,J13,4,CH);1.29(1H,brt,J11,CH);1.42-1.55(1H,m,CH);1.62-1.73(2H,m,2xCH);1.85-1.97(1H,m,CH);1.99-2.08(1H,m,CH);2.55(2H,t,J6,CHCO);3.38-3.49(2H,m,CH2NH);3.70(3H,s,OMe);4.53(1H,dt,J11,4,CHOCO);5.07-5.18(1H,brm,NH)。
IR(Vmax,cm-1,ATR):3362w,2959m,1734s,1683s,1530s,1256s,1199m,1177s,991m。
MS[m/z(EI)]:286(M+H+,3%),148(69),138(100),123(45),116(53),104(92),95(91),81(60),55(37),41(24)。
实施例2:
具有结构式I的化合物作为驱虫剂的效果是通过使用暴露于三聚氰胺-甲醛层压材料表面的德国蟑螂而测定的,该表面用具有结构式的测试化合物部分处理/部分未处理。
本研究是在空气调节的实验室中,在22±2℃的温度下,以正常的昼/夜周期进行的,使用具有混合性别和虫龄的德国蟑螂(BlatellaGerrnanica)。本研究进行了3天时间,并且在引入蟑螂1,2和3天之后,评估所述驱虫效果。
试验方法:
A.处理
以20mg/m2具有结构式I的测试化合物的浓度,对40cm×30cm的矩形层压材料的1/2进行处理。这是通过以下方法实现的:将纸抹布(″Rag on a Roll″,大约20cm×20cm)浸泡在所述测试化合物溶解在乙醇中制备的溶液中,挤出多余的液体,并且擦拭所述表面,以便提供所需要的覆盖率。在涂抹之后,通过称所述布料的重量,检查处理结果。让所述表面干燥。所述矩形表面的另外一半仅用乙醇擦拭(未处理过的表面)。
B.生物测定
将所述处理过的矩形层压材料放置在台面上,并且将塑料容器放置在所述矩形上。该容器已用″Fluon″(商标)—一种可喷洒的含氟聚合物处理过,以防蟑螂逃逸。
将两片层压材料(10cm×10cm)放置在所述层压材料上,其中的一个放置在处理过的表面上,而另一个放置在未处理过的表面上。它起着蟑螂避难所的作用。被用于所述处理过的部分的所述层压材料片材,以与所述处理过的层压材料相同的剂量进行处理。将所述层压材料放置在两个1厘米高的瓶子顶部,以便使得蟑螂能够到达所述层压材料的下面。
将20只德国蟑螂(5只成虫和15只蛹)放置在所述层压材料中央。不给这些蟑螂提供食物和水。
在引入蟑螂1,2和3天之后,统计在每一个避难所下面的蟑螂的数量。在进行每一次统计之后,改变所述避难所的位置,以避免适应一个位置的可能性,更换所述避难所,并且放入新的蟑螂,以便取代任何死亡的蟑螂。
重复以上过程3次,以便提供总共4次重复。
C.化合物甲基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯的驱虫力结果
引入蟑螂后时间(天) | 重复 | 存在的蟑螂数量(n=20) | |||
处理部分 | 未处理部分 | 死亡 | 总计 | ||
1 | 1 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 |
2 | 0 | 19 | 1 | 20 | |
3 | 3 | 17 | 0 | 20 | |
4 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 20 | |
总计 | 4 | 75 | 1 | 80 | |
2 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 20 |
2 | 0 | 19 | 1 | 20 | |
3 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 | |
4 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 20 | |
总计 | 2 | 77 | 1 | 80 | |
3 | 1 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 |
2 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 | |
3 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 20 | |
4 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 20 | |
总计 | 1 | 79 | 0 | 80 |
实施例3
用在实施例1中所提供的所有化合物重复实施例2的方法。结果在下面的表格中示出。
Claims (8)
1.以下结构式的化合物作为驱虫剂的用途
其中,
R1和R2分别选自:H;具有1-20个碳原子的脂族残基,或具有5-14个碳原子的脂环族残基,或包括一个或多个选自O、N或S的杂原子的上述脂族或脂环族残基;具有6-14个碳原子并且其中的杂原子选自O、N或S的芳基或杂芳基;或用选自下列的基团取代的上述任何基团:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C2-4链烯基、上述芳基或杂芳基、芳氧基、氨基、酰氨基、酯、酮基、羟基和卤素,或
R1和R2以及与它们连接的氮原子一起构成5或6元环,该环任选地包含选自O、N或S的附加杂原子。
2.权利要求1的用途,其中,所述化合物选自:
甲基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;
乙基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;
丁基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;
异丁基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;
二乙基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;
吡咯烷-1-羧酸(-)-薄荷酯;
哌啶-1-羧酸(-)-薄荷酯;
吗啉-4-羧酸(-)-薄荷酯;
苯基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;和
3-[(-)-薄荷氧基-羰基氨基]-丙酸酯。
3.选自下列的化合物:n-丁基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;异-丁基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;二乙基-氨基甲酸(-)-薄荷酯;吗啉-4-羧酸(-)-薄荷酯;和3-[(-)-薄荷氧基-羰基氨基]-丙酸酯。
4.一种组合物,含有驱虫量的上述任一项权利要求所述的化合物。
5.权利要求4的组合物,包含至少一种附加的驱虫剂。
6.权利要求4或5的组合物,还包含至少一种杀虫剂。
7.权利要求4-6中任一项的组合物,还包含至少一种芳香成分。
8.一种驱虫方法,包括向基底上施用含有至少一种以下结构式的化合物的制剂
其中,
R1和R2分别选自:氢;具有1-20个碳原子的脂族残基,或具有5-14个碳原子的脂环族残基,或包括一个或多个选自O、N或S的杂原子的上述脂族或脂环族残基;具有6-14个碳原子并且其中的杂原子选自O、N或S的芳基或杂芳基;或用选自下列的基团取代的上述任何基团:C1-4烷基、C1-4烷氧基、C2-4链烯基、上述芳基或杂芳基、芳氧基、氨基、酰氨基、酯、酮基、羟基和卤素,或
R1和R2以及与它们连接的氮原子一起构成5或6元环,该环任选地包含选自O、N或S的附加杂原子。
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