CN1659368A - 废气热交换器及其制造方法 - Google Patents

废气热交换器及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN1659368A
CN1659368A CN03813781XA CN03813781A CN1659368A CN 1659368 A CN1659368 A CN 1659368A CN 03813781X A CN03813781X A CN 03813781XA CN 03813781 A CN03813781 A CN 03813781A CN 1659368 A CN1659368 A CN 1659368A
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heat exchanger
tube sheet
shell
face
weld
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斯特芬·布吕纳
托马斯·巴赫纳
贝恩德·格吕嫩瓦尔德
约阿希姆·舍梅尔
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Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids
    • F01N3/043—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using liquids without contact between liquid and exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1653—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having a square or rectangular shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
    • F01N2450/22—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements by welding or brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车的废气热交换器，包括一个由废气管形成的 管束，它在端面上与管板焊接在一起，还有一个与管板焊接在一起的外壳。按照本发明，管板通过周边焊缝与外壳焊接在一起。

Description

废气热交换器及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及专利DE-A19907的权利要求1前序部分所描述的一种汽车废气热交换器。本发明还涉及这种废气热交换器的制造方法。
背景技术
专利DE-A19907163公开了一种焊接而成的废气热交换器，它由一个外壳、一个管束和管板组成，其中，管子的端部被焊入到管板中，而管板则是通过环形焊缝与外壳焊接在一起。在焊接时管子端部的正面进入到管板中，而管板则是沿着其周边与外壳焊接在一起，也就是说，进行焊接的激光束与管轴心垂直。在这一过程中，激光束或者围绕着壳体移动，或者激光束保持不动，壳体围绕着自身的纵向轴心转动。由于这两种不同的焊接方向(按照激光束的方向)，就有必要对工件即热交换器组件分别进行两次夹紧。这样就增加制造成本。此外，在目前已知的制造方法中，热交换器组件，在只有定好了环形焊缝的位置之后才能将外壳按照长度落料，还要进行一次激光切割。这又增加了制造成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改进本说明书开头所提及的那种废气热交换器的焊接构造。本发明的另一目的是提供废气热交换器的一种简单制造方法，特别是一种简单的焊接方法。
上述目的可通过权利要求1和3的特征部分实现。按照前述特征，可以通过一次夹紧，也就是说在一个工序内对热交换器组件进行两种焊接，即管/管板连接和管板/外壳连接。两条焊缝均可以以热交换器组件的端面为起始处，这样，就不必改变热交换器的夹紧方式。此外，还取消了通过切割焊来定尺寸截取外壳的工序，因为在焊接前就已经将外壳按照长度落料。
按照本发明的一个具有优点的实施方式，管板为罐状，也就是说其边缘向上翻起并与外壳平整地靠在一起，这样就可以相对简单地通过一条环形焊缝将管板与外壳焊接在一起。
按照本发明，这种制造方法通过减少制造时间来降低废气热交换器的单位成本。热交换器组件由管子、管板和外壳组成，它被首先装配，在这一过程中，外壳已按长度落料。之后将热交换器组件夹紧，通过一条周边焊缝和若干条管焊缝将其焊接在一起。由于焊接均在同一个面即端面上进行，那么所有的焊缝可以互相平行，也就是说，所有焊缝上的焊接可以同时进行。这又减少了制造时间。
附图说明
下面结合附图及实施例来详细说明本发明。
图1为一个废气热交换器，
图2一个废气热交换器端面的截面图，
图3为图2中所示的X局部放大图，
图4为废气热交换器的部件分解图，
图5为在端面焊接周边焊缝，以及
图6为在端面焊接管/管板焊缝。
具体实施方式
图1中所示为一个废气热交换器1，它可用作废气再循环过程中将废气在中间冷却的废气散热器。外壳2由不锈钢板制成，从其截面上看，它带有两个较宽的端面区域3和4，这两个端面上各自有一个制冷剂进口和出口5、6。在位于图中右部的端面区3中有一块管板7，在它上面均匀布置着矩形孔洞8，未在图中显示出的管束的管子端部则插入到这些孔洞中。
图2为图1中的端面区域3穿过制冷剂开口6的一个截面。管板7平整地插入到外壳2上的这一端面区域中，形成了一个共同的闭合面9。废气管10插入到管板7的孔洞8中，在这里只显示了整个管束的若干根管子10。废气管10的里面有废气通过，而制冷剂则在外面环绕它流动，这里的制冷剂来自于未在图中显示的汽车内燃发动机的制冷剂循环。
图3为图2中所示的X局部放大图，即管板7的端面边缘区和外壳2的端面区。管板的7的边缘区有一条向上翻起大约成直角的边7a，这条边沿着周长贴在端部区域3的内侧3a上，并与外壳2或其端部3b在端面9上齐平。管板7的边7a和外壳2的端部3b通过一条端面上的焊缝，即所谓的周边焊缝11，密封地连接在一起。周边焊缝11的深度为t。所述管10的端部10a与管板7基本齐平，并通过一条焊缝12与管板7连接在一起。焊缝12的深度相当于管板7的总厚度。也可以选择对管端10a进行镶焊，在图中这一条焊缝为12’，其深度较浅。以同样的方式将所有的管子10与管板7用焊缝连接起来。焊缝11和12或12’均位于废气热交换器1的端面上，这将在下面给予详细的说明。
图4所示为一个稍微变化的废气热交换器20，它拥有外壳21，两个管板22，23以及一个由9根废气管24组成的管束25，所有这些都显示在该部件分解图上。废气热交换器1或20的制造只采用以下方式：首先将由外壳20、管束25和管板22、23构成的热交换器组件用机械方式连接或装配在一起。其中，将管端插入到管板22、23，并将其插入到外壳20的端面中。如前说述，外壳20已按长度落料。
图5为一个已装配好的热交换器组件20’，它被一个未在图中显示的夹具垂直夹住。在管板23之上，也就是说在块20’的端面延长线上有一个激光焊接装置26，在示意图中用椭圆表示。从焊接装置26中发出激光27，它沿着图3所示的周边焊缝11行进，将管板7和外壳2连接起来。在这里激光束可以是垂直的，也可以与热交换器组件的轴心之间有一个小角度。
图6是一个焊接装置28，从这一焊接装置发出一条激光束29对准热交换器组件20”的端面。  激光束29沿着各管端的周边行进，并形成焊缝12(见附图3)。为了简化附图，这里只画出了一条激光束，但若干激光束也可以同时工作，也就是说，最多相当于管子10的数量。图6中的热交换器20”也同样被一个未在图中显示的夹具夹住，如同图5所示。在焊接焊缝11和12时只需要将热交换器20’或20”夹紧一次。这两条焊缝11和12不需先后焊接，而是同步进行，也就是说，基本同时进行，这样就可以减少制造时间。

Claims (4)

1.用于汽车的废气热交换器，包括一个由废气管(10)形成的管束，它在端面上与管板(7)焊接在一起，还有一个外壳(2)，它与管板(7)焊接在一起，其特征在于：管板(7)通过一条布置在端面的整齐的周边焊缝(11)与外壳(2，3b)焊接在一起。
2.按照权利要求1所述的废气热交换器，其特征在于，管板(7)具有一条向上翻起的边(7a)，外壳则具有端部(3b)，边缘(7a)和端部(3b)齐平并通过焊缝(11)连接在一起。
3.用于制造符合权利要求1或2所述的废气热交换器的方法，其特征在于，
-管子(24)、管板(22、23)和外壳(21)被连接成一个热交换器组件(22、23)；
-该热交换器组件(20′、20″)由一个夹具夹住；
-该外壳(21)和管板(22，23)以及管子(24)和管板(22、23)在端面上被一次夹紧并相互焊接在一起。
4.按照权利要求3所述的热交换器，其特征在于，端面上的焊接由至少一个激光束(27，29)完成。
CN03813781XA 2002-06-25 2003-06-23 废气热交换器及其制造方法 Pending CN1659368A (zh)

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DE10228246A DE10228246A1 (de) 2002-06-25 2002-06-25 Abgaswärmeübertrager und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE10228246.3 2002-07-25

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US (1) US7278473B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1518043B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4331679B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1659368A (zh)
AT (1) ATE386192T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003253016A1 (zh)
DE (2) DE10228246A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2004001203A2 (zh)

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CN101796286B (zh) * 2007-07-26 2012-03-21 泰坦X引擎冷却股份有限公司 热交换器及其制造方法
CN103104379A (zh) * 2012-11-12 2013-05-15 无锡双翼汽车环保科技有限公司 具有翻边结构的egr冷却器
CN107923720A (zh) * 2015-08-11 2018-04-17 林德股份公司 使壳管式热交换器的管与所述壳管式热交换器的管板连接的方法
CN109425255A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2019-03-05 马勒国际有限公司 热交换器以及用于制造热交换器的方法

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CN101796286B (zh) * 2007-07-26 2012-03-21 泰坦X引擎冷却股份有限公司 热交换器及其制造方法
CN102305571A (zh) * 2011-07-07 2012-01-04 新乡市远航动力环控机械有限公司 一种换热器壳体与芯体的连接结构
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CN107923720A (zh) * 2015-08-11 2018-04-17 林德股份公司 使壳管式热交换器的管与所述壳管式热交换器的管板连接的方法
CN109425255A (zh) * 2017-08-24 2019-03-05 马勒国际有限公司 热交换器以及用于制造热交换器的方法

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AU2003253016A1 (en) 2004-01-06
EP1518043A2 (de) 2005-03-30
US7278473B2 (en) 2007-10-09
DE50309165D1 (de) 2008-03-27
JP4331679B2 (ja) 2009-09-16
WO2004001203A3 (de) 2004-03-04
AU2003253016A8 (en) 2004-01-06
WO2004001203A2 (de) 2003-12-31
EP1518043B1 (de) 2008-02-13
US20050263272A1 (en) 2005-12-01
DE10228246A1 (de) 2004-01-15
JP2005530978A (ja) 2005-10-13

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