Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome weak point of the prior art, provide a kind of and can control and compensate that " " method of the error of the resistance signal of (abbreviation generator) output makes the resistance output signal of generator reach absolute error≤0.2 Ω in 0-6553.6 Ω range to The programmable standard hesistance generator.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this.A kind of control is connected PC computer bus transceiver with compensation, latchs drive circuit, relay network, resistor network, resistance precision regulating circuit and combinational logic circuit and the method for the The programmable standard hesistance generator output resistance error formed comprises substantially:
16 precision resistor Ri (i=1~16) at the most, the resistor network of making by the binary system rule that is in series by turn successively; Described precision resistor Ri is in parallel with 16 group relay normally-closed contacts of relay network respectively;
Adopt before and after the 0 class precision high stable micron order copper-manganese resistance wire coiling precision resistance, copper-manganese resistance wire and precision resistance are done high low temperature stabilized treatment, the environment of coiling is controlled in 20 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of the standard environment test temperatures;
Fig. 3 represents the method for a kind of control and compensation " The programmable standard hesistance generator " output resistance error--" potentiometer in parallel, | a|~| b| plus tolerance band method " principle, ri (wherein i=1~16) is the actual coiling value of resistance of each precision resistance position Ri (wherein i=1~16).
With " potentiometer in parallel, | a|~| b| plus tolerance band method " (wherein | a| is the lower deviation of ri, | b| is the upper deviation of ri, | b|≤0.5 Ω) can make the error of each precision resistance position Ri (wherein i=1~16) near 0 Ω.
For explanation " potentiometer in parallel, | a|~| b| plus tolerance band method " principle, be example explanation with wherein " potentiometer in parallel ,+0.1~+ 0.2 Ω plus tolerance band method " here:
For eliminating precision resistance position Rab=Ri (wherein i=1~16), must determine R among Fig. 3 because of the error that the variation of actual coiling value ri (wherein i=1~16) brings
String i, multiturn potentiometer R
PiBest resistance:
At first, the accurate fixed resistance of choosing≤± 0.1% is made R
String i, establish Ri
String+ Rpi=X
The actual coiling value higher limit of ri is Ri+0.2 Ω, and lower limit is Ri+0.1 Ω, presses the Ohm's law of parallel circuits, and following formula is arranged:
1/(Ri+0.2Ω)+1/X1=1/Ri
X1=1/ (1/Ri-1/ (Ri+0.2)) Ω then
Formula is arranged: 1/ (Ri+0.1 Ω)+1/X2=1/Ri again
X2=1/ (1/Ri-1/ (Ri+0.1)) Ω then
Promptly for the actual coiling value of Ri=(Ri+0.1 Ω)~(Ri+0.2 Ω)
If choose R
StringThe i value makes adjustment Rpi satisfy R
String i+ Rpi=X1 Ω~X2 Ω, the error that can make each precision resistance Ri (wherein i=1~16) is near 0 Ω.
Contact resistance error to " The programmable standard hesistance generator " relay contact must be made hardware compensating:
The relay normally-closed contact is composed in parallel the normally-closed contact Ki (i=1~16) of certain group relay in the relay network with N, can make error that the contact resistance of every group relay normally-closed contact brings like this in following calculated value: (contact resistance of supposing 1 normally-closed contact of relay here is 0.05 Ω, and every group relay normally-closed contact is formed in parallel by 8 relay normally-closed contacts)
0.05Ω/N=0.05Ω/8=0.0063Ω<0.01Ω
Systematic error to " The programmable standard hesistance generator " is made software compensation:
Between the output point from the test point to the resistor network, the systematic error that causes because of the contact resistance between line resistance, device can be sent when several at software, deducts this systematic error. the processing of recompensing.
The resistance of 16 of the basic resistor network 5 of the present invention precision resistor Ri that arrange by the binary system rule successively is respectively:
R1=0.1Ω,R2=0.2Ω,R3=0.4Ω,R4=0.8Ω,……R15=1638.4Ω,R16=3276.8Ω,
Like this, write by data/address bus at 1 o'clock to The programmable standard hesistance generator, corresponding data position and corresponding standard electric resistance R on the data/address bus by the PC computer
OutputBetween following table relation arranged:
Write 1 data bit | ??D1 | ??D2 | ??D3 | ??D4 | ??D5 | ??D6 | ??D7 | ??D8 | ??D9 | ??D10 | ??D11 |
The output R of corresponding resistance position
Output(Ω)
| ??0.1 | ??0.2 | ??0.4 | ??0.8 | ??1.6 | ??3.2 | ??6.4 | ??12.8 | ??25.6 | ??51.2 | ??102.4 |
Write 1 data bit | ????D12 | ????D13 | ????D14 | ????D15 | ????D16 |
The output R of corresponding resistance position
Output(Ω)
| ????204.8 | ????409.6 | ????819.2 | ????1638.4 | ????3276.8 |
At this moment write a certain fixing hexadecimal number α and total R by data/address bus to bus transceiver (2) by PC computer (1)
OutputFollowing relational expression is arranged:
Total resistance R
Output=0.1 * (2
15D16+2
14D15+ ... 2
(i-1)Di+ ... 2
2D3+2
1D2+2
0D1)=0.1 * α
α=(2 then
15D16+2
14D15+ ... 2
(i-1)Di+ ... 2
2D3+2
1D2+2
0D1).
The bus transceiver (2) of the data bus interface of described and PC computer (1) is 8 or 16 bus transceivers.The described drive circuit 3 of latching adopts and latchs drive circuit class chip.
The present invention can make 10,11,12,13,14,15,16 The programmable standard hesistance generator according to user's request, at this moment, it is respectively R1~R10, R1~R11, R1~R12, R1~R13, R1~R14, R1~R15, R1~R16 that its basic resistor network 5 comes the resistance of coiling by the binary system rule, and the full scale of corresponding The programmable standard hesistance generator output resistance is respectively 102.3 Ω, 204.7 Ω, 409.5 Ω, 819.1 Ω, 1638.3 Ω, 3276.7 Ω, 6553.5 Ω.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect.
The scope of output pure resistance is big, exportable 0~6.5535K Ω.
In the gamut of output pure resistance (promptly in 0~6.5535K Ω), absolute error can reach≤0.2 Ω.
Can carry out line build-out with the method for software, therefore the distance of output can not limit.
The present invention can be made different resolution and the different scope of application is used for the user.(equal the resistance value of minimum resistance position R1 because of the resolution of output pure resistance of the present invention, so the resistance Ri of each resistance position that keeps resistor network as long as change the resistance value of minimum resistance position R1 can change the resolution of output pure resistance successively by the coiling of binary system rule)
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 has described the circuit block diagram by a kind of The programmable standard hesistance generator of control of the present invention and compensating error.This generator is the device that a kind of intelligence (programmable) can produce the pure resistance signal.It adopts the high precision reference resistance R i (i=1~16) to arranging by the binary system rule to carry out Computer Processing, obtains the pure resistance signal source output of dynamic or static high accuracy.It can be a kind of independently The programmable standard hesistance generator, also making the bus expansion slot that can be inserted in the PC computer " The programmable standard hesistance generator " expansion board clamping for user's use, can also be to make its principle is rubbed into certain equipment of designer's Component Design or the special-purpose member of instrument.PC computer of the present invention can be industrial computer, business computer, any 8 above data/address buss computer of (containing 8 bit data bus) that contains, and comprises single chip microcomputer.
PC computer 1 drives combinational logic circuit 7 by data, address, control bus and realizes to address strobe with to the logic control of bus transceiver 2, latch driver 3, to (resistance value) data of relay network 4 transmission binary system (or hexadecimal) rules of 16 tunnel (groups).This relay is the order open and close of follow procedure immediately, the resistance value that high precision reference resistance R i (i=1~16) output on its normally-closed contact in parallel is required.
Fig. 2 has described the circuit interface principle of relay network of the present invention and basic resistor network.16 precision resistor Ri (i=1~16) of basic resistor network 5 are in parallel with 16 group relay normally-closed contact Ki (i=1~16) of relay network respectively.Each high precision reference resistor R i (i=1~16) of basic resistor network 5 is by the ascending resistor network that is in series successively of resistance.
Latching drive circuit 3 drives 16 tunnel (group) relay respectively (K1~K16) is made as logical one if will latch the i position output of drive circuit 3, with making the i group relay action of relay network, corresponding normally-closed contact Ki (i=1~16) is opened.
At this moment write a certain fixing sixteen-bit system by data/address bus to bus transceiver 2 by PC computer 1 and count α, total R
OutputCount α with this following relational expression arranged:
R
Output=0.1 * (2
15D16+2
14D15+ ... 2
(i-1)Di+ ... 2
2D3+2
1D2+2
0D1)=0.1 * α.
Wherein i is the integer of 1-16, and di represents the state of corresponding i position relay:
Di=1 when relay is connected, (corresponding normally-closed contact is opened)
Di=0 during the relay outage.(corresponding normally-closed contact closure)
When for example needing to export the pure resistance of 269.3 Ω:
R
Output=269.3 Ω=0.1 * 2693=0.1 * (101010000101)=0.1 * (0A85H)=0.1 * α
Promptly writing hexadecimal number OA85H to bus transceiver 2 gets final product.
This shows, produce high-precision pure resistance R able to programmely
Output, will improve the coiling precision of R1=0.1 Ω~these 16 precision resistances of R16=6.5536K Ω.
How to improve the coiling precision of R1=0.1 Ω~these 16 precision resistances of R16=6.5536K Ω? key is that technique for coiling and design parameter, control of process parameters to this, are had following method:
A) improve the stability of each precision resistance, strict control permissible error: should adopt 0 class precision high stable micron order copper-manganese resistance wire each resistance ri of coiling (i=1~16), before and after manual coiling precision resistance, reply copper-manganese resistance wire and precision resistance are done high low temperature stabilized treatment; Because of the full accuracy value of present manual coiling precision resistance is about ± 0.02 Ω, will be controlled in this numerical value as the standard resistor generator as far as possible; In addition, the environment of coiling should be controlled at the environmental test temperature of standard--in-20 ± 10 ℃.
B) take " potentiometer in parallel, | a|~| b| plus tolerance band method " eliminate the error that R1~the R16 precision resistance brings in actual coiling, make the error of R1~R16 resistance approach 0:
For precision resistance position, i position Ri (wherein i=1~16), employing Fig. 3 " potentiometer in parallel, | a|~| b| plus tolerance band method ": make Ri=Rab, (wherein i=1~16) adjust potentiometer R
PiCan make the error of R1~R16 resistance approach 0: but need selected good corresponding R
String iWith the Rpi potentiometer.
Here with " potentiometer in parallel, | a|~| b| plus tolerance band method " in typical " potentiometer in parallel ,+0.1~+ 0.2 Ω plus tolerance band method " be that example is determined R among Fig. 3
String i, R
PiBest resistance:
R
PiBe multiturn potentiometer, i is i bit data position.For ease of eliminating above error with the adjustment potentiometer; The coiling error of each precision resistor that should the basic resistor network 5 of strict control, we are designed so that (coiling of R1~R16) all brings arrangement by+0.1~+ 0.2 positive error, selected on this basis R to every resistance
String iResistance (should select≤± 0.1% accurate fixed resistance makes R
String i), the resistance of preferred Rpi potentiometer,, just can reach purpose, with following formula this method is described:
As the resistance position to Ri, the theoretical value of this resistance (by its binary system rule resistance value distribution) is Ri, its corresponding R
String i, R
PiDefinite as follows design parameter (is established R here
String i+ Rpi=X).
By Fig. 3, by " potentiometer in parallel ,+0.1~+ 0.2 Ω plus tolerance band method ", the higher limit of its actual coiling value ri is Ri+0.2 Ω, lower limit is Ri+0.1 Ω, presses the Ohm's law of parallel circuits, and following formula is arranged:
1/(Ri+0.2Ω)+1/X1=1/Ri
X1=1/ (1/Ri-1/ (Ri+0.2)) Ω then
Formula is arranged: 1/ (Ri+0.1 Ω)+1/X2=1/Ri again
X2=1/ (1/Ri-1/ (Ri+0.1)) Ω then
Promptly for the actual coiling value of ri=(Ri+0.1 Ω)~(Ri+0.2 Ω)
If choose R
StringThe i value, and make adjustment Rpi can satisfy R
String i+ Rpi=X1 Ω~X2 Ω,
The error that can make precision resistance position Ri (wherein i=1~16) is near 0 Ω.
As resistance position to R13=409.6 Ω, its corresponding R
String 13, R
P13Determine design parameter as follows.
By Fig. 3, to the resistance position of Rab=R13=409.6 Ω, by " potentiometer in parallel ,+the plus tolerance band method of 0.1~+ 0.2 Ω ", the actual coiling value higher limit of its r13 is 409.8 Ω, lower limit is 409.7 Ω, presses the Ohm's law of parallel circuits, and following formula is arranged:
1/409.8+1/X1=1/409.6
X1=1/ (1/409.6-1/409.8)=839.27K Ω then
Formula: 1/409.7+1/X2=1/409.6 is arranged again
X2=1/ (1/409.6-1/40.7)=1678K Ω then
Promptly for the actual coiling value of 409.7 Ω~409.8 Ω of r13
Select R
String 13=800K Ω, R
P13=1000K Ω then adjusts R
P13Can satisfy R
String 13+ Rp
13=X1 Ω~X2 Ω=839.27K Ω~1678K Ω that is to say and adjusts R
P13The error that can make precision resistance position Rab=R13 is near 0 Ω.
Remaining R
String i, Rpi also gets final product by the design of last method
Secondly, the systematic error of " The programmable standard hesistance generator " is made soft, hardware compensating:
A) at first must make hardware compensating to the contact resistance error of " The programmable standard hesistance generator " relay normally-closed contact:
Technical data shows: the contact resistance of a pair of normally-closed contact of described relay network repeat circuit≤0.05 Ω, so available 6 pairs, 8 pairs, 10 pairs or more to the relay normally-closed contact parallel connection form the normally-closed contact Ki (i=1~16) of certain group relay in the relay network, promptly certain group relay normally-closed contact Ki (i=1~16) is corresponding by 6 pairs, 8 pairs, 10 pairs or more the relay normally-closed contact is formed in parallel among Fig. 2.If adopt to form certain group relay normally-closed contact Ki (i=1~16) after 8 pairs of normally-closed contact parallel connections and control a resistance position, the error brought because of the relay contact resistance of each resistance position will be in following calculated value like this:
0.05Ω/8=0.0063Ω<0.01Ω
B) secondly must make software compensation to the systematic error of " The programmable standard hesistance generator ":
Between the output point from the test point to the resistor network, the systematic error that causes because of the contact resistance between line resistance, device can be sent when several (deducting this systematic error) processing of recompensing at software.
For example, if need to obtain the resistance value signal of 512.3 Ω in test point, and test point is to resistance=0.8 Ω that gets an electric shock indirectly of the line resistance+device between the output point of basic resistor network, industrial computer just should send number by 512.3 Ω-0.8 Ω=511.5 Ω so, promptly writes 5115=13FB to the bus transceiver of The programmable standard hesistance generator and gets final product.(annotate: 13FB is 5115 hexadecimal number)
The interface of the data/address bus of the embodiment of the invention and PC computer adopts 8 or 16 s' bus transceiver.If adopt 8 bus transceiver, can under the control of combinational logic circuit 7, divide secondary to receive the data-signal that PC computer 1 sends by data/address bus.
Equally, latch drive circuit 3 and can adopt also that 8 or 16 s' latch drive circuit class chip.If adopt 8 the drive circuit chip that latchs, can under combinational logic circuit 7 controls, divide secondary to receive the data-signal of bus transceiver 2 outputs.
The operation principle of present embodiment The programmable standard hesistance generator is: " write " a certain fixing hexadecimal number " α " by data/address bus to bus transceiver 2 by the PC computer.
R wherein
Output=0.1 * (2
15D16+2
14D15+ ... 2
(i-1)Di+ ... 2
2D3+2
1D2+2
0D1)=0.1 * α
α=(2
15d16+2
14d15+…2
(i-1)di+…2
2d3+2
1d2+2
0d1)
After bus transceiver 2 is received this hexadecimal number α, just immediately this number is delivered to and latched drive circuit 3, latch drive circuit 3 this number is latched and exports.If no new input data are come in, these data that latch drive circuit 3 will remain unchanged to relay network 4.Relay network 4 receives behind this hexadecimal number α it is the action of normally-closed contact that drives each road relay of relay network 4 like this: allow the control coil correspondence of relay on each road connect a certain data carry-out bit that latchs drive circuit 3.When latching this data carry-out bit output " 0 " of drive circuit 3, this relay is failure to actuate, and corresponding relays Ki normally-closed contact keeps normally closed, in parallel with this contact precision resistance short circuit, and making this resistance position output resistance is 0 Ω.When this data carry-out bit that latchs drive circuit 3 is " 1 ", this actuating of relay, the normally-closed contact Ki of corresponding relays is opened.The resistance value of certain precision resistance position RiKi (i=1~16) of the basic resistor network 5 that this moment is in parallel with this contact itself is exactly the output resistance R of this resistance position
OutputOutput resistance as the 6th is exactly R
Output=R
6=3.2 Ω.
The above-mentioned The programmable standard hesistance generator of only having listed 16, but use the user of Standard resistance range at difference, also it can be made The programmable standard hesistance generator such as 10,11,12,13,14,15, figure place more less, the worst error of output resistance will be littler than 0.2 Ω.This is because error is the accumulated error of the inevitable contact resistance of relay normally-closed contact to be caused, and the few used relay of figure place is also few, and accumulated error also reduces thereupon.
Although above-mentionedly listed specific embodiments more of the present invention, to one skilled in the art, can be under the situation that does not exceed claim institute restricted portion to modification that the present invention made or revise should be at the row of protection of the present invention.