CN109767887B - Method for combining given output resistance values in series-parallel connection - Google Patents

Method for combining given output resistance values in series-parallel connection Download PDF

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CN109767887B
CN109767887B CN201910110506.0A CN201910110506A CN109767887B CN 109767887 B CN109767887 B CN 109767887B CN 201910110506 A CN201910110506 A CN 201910110506A CN 109767887 B CN109767887 B CN 109767887B
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CN109767887A (en
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陈渝
周黎明
谭建华
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Chengdu CAIC Electronics Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开的一种串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,旨在提供一种给定迅速,精度高、准确串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法。本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现:以间隔值为100Ω,采用4个200Ω与1个100Ω的电阻单元,串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~900Ω的等差数列阻值的百位电阻组合体;以间隔值为10Ω,按上述方式串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~90Ω的十位电阻组合体;以间隔值为1Ω,按上述方式组成接入电路量程为0Ω~9Ω的个位电阻组合体;以间隔值为0.1Ω,按上述方式组成接入电路量程为0Ω~0.9Ω的十分位电阻组合体;从而组成最大值为900+90+9+0.9=999.9Ω,且最小分辨率为0.1Ω的电阻给定。

The invention discloses a method for combining a given output resistance value in series and parallel, and aims to provide a method for quickly setting, high precision, and accurately combining a given output resistance value in series and parallel. The present invention is realized through the following technical solution: with an interval value of 100Ω, four 200Ω and one 100Ω resistor units are used, and are connected in series to form a hundred-digit resistor combination with an arithmetic sequence resistance value of 0Ω to 900Ω that is connected to the circuit. ; Use the interval value as 10Ω and connect in series as above to form a ten-digit resistor combination with a circuit range of 0Ω ~ 90Ω; use an interval value of 1Ω and follow the above method to form a single-digit resistor combination with an access circuit range of 0Ω ~ 9Ω. body; with an interval value of 0.1Ω, form a tenth resistor combination with a range of 0Ω to 0.9Ω connected to the circuit in the above manner; thus the maximum value is 900+90+9+0.9=999.9Ω, and the minimum resolution is A resistance of 0.1Ω is given.

Description

串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法Method of series and parallel combination of given output resistance values

技术领域Technical field

本发明主要用于提供电阻信号的测试环境的串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法。The present invention is mainly used to provide a method for providing a series-parallel combination of a given output resistance value in a testing environment for resistance signals.

背景技术Background technique

电阻器、电容器及电感器是电子线路中最常用的器件和类型。电阻器分为固定电阻器及可变电阻器。可调电阻是一种电阻,它在电子电路中可以起电阻的作用,它与一般电阻的不同之处是它的阻值可以在一定范围内连续变化,在一些要求电阻值变动而又不常变动的场合,可使用可调电阻。可调电阻由于结构和使用的原因,故障发生率明显高于普通电阻。可调电阻品种繁多,结构各异,各自定义都有不同。对线绕可调电阻是将电阻线材绕在骨架上,制成圆环形或螺旋形等电阻体,对薄膜或厚膜可调电阻,是公基板上形成电阻膜,形状多为马蹄形,圆弧形或长条形。对于合成实芯可调电阻,是在基座上压塑出马蹄形或长条形电阻轨。接触式可调电阻的电阻体,动触点在其上接触并滑动,沿电阻体滑动,并引出输入电压的动触点构件称电刷或接触式入电刷。可变电阻是一种机电元件,它依靠滑片在电阻体上滑动来改变电阻的阻值。可变电阻按其用途可分为变阻器和电位器,变阻器又常常称为可调电阻,其特点是通过改变滑片的位置就能改变电阻值。电位器是一种分压器件,它依靠滑片在电阻体上滑动,取得与滑片位移成一定关系的输出电压。电位器也可用作变阻器,只要将中心抽头与其它两脚中任意一个相连,就成了变阻器。电阻器在使用时要进行测量,看其阻值与标称值是否相符。电位器实际上是一种可变电阻器,可采用上述各种材料制成。电位器通常由两个固定输出端和一个滑动抽头组成。按结构电位器可分为单圈、多圈;单联、双联;带开关;锁紧和非锁紧电位器。按调节方式可分为旋转式电位器、直滑式电位器。在旋转式电位器中,按照电位器的阻值与旋转角度的关系可分为直线式、指数式、对数式。可变电阻在改变电阻值时,由于可调电阻电阻分配不当、转动系统配合不当以及可调电阻存在接触电阻等原因,会使动触点在电阻体表面移动时,输出端除有有用信号外,还伴有随着信号起伏不定的接触噪声、分辨力噪声和短接噪声,分辨力噪声是由电阻变化的阶梯性所引起的,而短接噪声则是当动触点在绕组上移动而短接相邻线匝时产生的。对于线绕可调电阻和线性可调电阻来说,分辨力是用动触点在绕组上每移动一匝所引起的电阻变化量与总电阻的百分比表示。对于具有函数特性的可调电阻来说,由于绕组上每一匝的电阻不同,故分辨力是个变量。此时,可调电阻的分辨力是指函数特性曲线上斜率最大一段的平均分辨力。常用的可变电阻器有滑动变阻器、电阻箱等形式,滑动变阻器是由一个电阻体和一个转动或滑动系统组成的用于分压的可变电阻器。通常由电阻丝绕成线圈,通过滑动滑片来改变接入电路的电阻丝长度,从而改变阻值。滑动变阻器能够改变连入电路的电阻大小,起到连续改变电流大小的作用,但不能准确知道连入电路的电阻值。如果需要知道连入电路的电阻的阻值,就要用到电阻箱。电阻箱是若干定值精密电阻的组合体,它们安装在同一箱内,通过转换装置改变其阻值的箱式电阻器,是一种可以调节电阻大小并且能够显示出电阻阻值的变阻器。这种装置通常采用十进盘式(旋钮式)结构,也可根据需要采用插头式和端钮式结构。它与滑动变阻器比较,滑动变阻器不能表示出连入电路的电阻值,但它可以连续改变接入电路中的电阻。电阻箱能表示出连入电路中的阻值大小,但阻值变化是不连续的,而且没有滑动变阻器值变化准。Resistors, capacitors and inductors are the most commonly used devices and types in electronic circuits. Resistors are divided into fixed resistors and variable resistors. An adjustable resistor is a kind of resistor, which can play the role of a resistor in electronic circuits. It is different from ordinary resistors in that its resistance value can continuously change within a certain range. In some applications that require the resistance value to change infrequently, In case of changes, an adjustable resistor can be used. Due to the structure and use of adjustable resistors, the failure rate is significantly higher than that of ordinary resistors. There are many types of adjustable resistors with different structures and different definitions. For wire-wound adjustable resistors, the resistor wire is wound around a frame to make a circular or spiral-shaped resistor. For thin-film or thick-film adjustable resistors, a resistive film is formed on a common substrate. The shape is mostly horseshoe-shaped or round. Arc or long strip. For synthetic solid core adjustable resistors, a horseshoe-shaped or long strip-shaped resistor rail is compression molded on the base. The resistor body of the contact-type adjustable resistor, on which the movable contact contacts and slides, slides along the resistor body, and draws out the input voltage, is called a brush or a contact-type inlet brush. A variable resistor is an electromechanical component that relies on a slider to slide on a resistor body to change the resistance of the resistor. Variable resistors can be divided into rheostats and potentiometers according to their uses. Rheostats are often called adjustable resistors. Their characteristic is that the resistance value can be changed by changing the position of the slider. The potentiometer is a voltage dividing device that relies on the slider to slide on the resistor to obtain an output voltage that is related to the displacement of the slider. A potentiometer can also be used as a rheostat by connecting the center tap to either of the other two legs to create a rheostat. The resistor must be measured when in use to see if its resistance matches the nominal value. A potentiometer is actually a variable resistor and can be made from any of the materials mentioned above. Potentiometers usually consist of two fixed outputs and a sliding tap. According to the structure, potentiometers can be divided into single-turn, multi-turn; single-link, double-link; with switch; locking and non-locking potentiometers. According to the adjustment method, it can be divided into rotary potentiometer and straight sliding potentiometer. In the rotary potentiometer, according to the relationship between the resistance value and the rotation angle of the potentiometer, it can be divided into linear type, exponential type, and logarithmic type. When the variable resistor changes the resistance value, due to improper distribution of the adjustable resistor resistance, improper coordination of the rotation system, and the existence of contact resistance in the adjustable resistor, the output end will not have useful signals except when the moving contact moves on the surface of the resistor body. , is also accompanied by contact noise, resolution noise and short-circuit noise that fluctuate with the signal. Resolution noise is caused by the stepwise change of resistance, while short-circuit noise is caused when the moving contact moves on the winding. Occurs when adjacent turns are shorted. For wirewound adjustable resistors and linear adjustable resistors, the resolution is expressed as the percentage of the change in resistance caused by the moving contact moving one turn on the winding to the total resistance. For adjustable resistors with functional characteristics, resolution is a variable because the resistance of each turn of the winding is different. At this time, the resolution of the adjustable resistor refers to the average resolution of the section with the largest slope on the function characteristic curve. Commonly used variable resistors include sliding rheostat, resistance box, etc. The sliding rheostat is a variable resistor composed of a resistor and a rotating or sliding system for voltage division. Usually, the resistance wire is wound into a coil, and the length of the resistance wire connected to the circuit is changed by sliding the slider, thereby changing the resistance value. The sliding rheostat can change the resistance connected to the circuit and play the role of continuously changing the current, but it cannot accurately know the resistance value connected to the circuit. If you need to know the resistance of a resistor connected to a circuit, you will use a resistor box. The resistance box is a combination of several fixed-value precision resistors, which are installed in the same box. The box-type resistor changes its resistance value through a conversion device. It is a rheostat that can adjust the resistance size and display the resistance value. This device usually adopts a decade-disc (knob-type) structure, and can also adopt a plug-type and end-button structure as needed. It is compared with the sliding rheostat. The sliding rheostat cannot express the resistance value connected to the circuit, but it can continuously change the resistance connected to the circuit. The resistance box can indicate the resistance value connected to the circuit, but the resistance change is discontinuous and not as accurate as the value change of the sliding rheostat.

在传感器制造及应用中,将被测非电量(如位移、力、加速度、扭矩、压力等)的变化转换成电阻变化的电阻式传感器、电容变化的电容式传感器及电感变化的电感式传感器的思路是将需要采集的物理量转换成相应的电阻、电容及电感,其输出分别为电阻值、电容值及电感值的相应变化。电阻式传感器的模拟电阻信号的电阻给定需要值一般在0~999.9Ω,分辨率为0.1Ω。在其系统联试中,如电阻式传感器与系统的联试,可以用相应的电阻器来模拟电阻式传感器的变化,同时该电阻器或电阻值的变化在设定时为已知,且可以模拟电阻式传感器设置量程范围内任意阻值的电阻量。In sensor manufacturing and application, changes in measured non-electric quantities (such as displacement, force, acceleration, torque, pressure, etc.) are converted into resistive sensors that change resistance, capacitive sensors that change capacitance, and inductive sensors that change inductance. The idea is to convert the physical quantities that need to be collected into corresponding resistance, capacitance and inductance, and the outputs are corresponding changes in resistance value, capacitance value and inductance value respectively. The required resistance value of the analog resistance signal of the resistive sensor is generally 0~999.9Ω, and the resolution is 0.1Ω. In its system joint test, such as the joint test of a resistive sensor and the system, the corresponding resistor can be used to simulate the change of the resistive sensor. At the same time, the change of the resistor or resistance value is known at the time of setting, and can Analog resistive sensor sets the resistance value of any resistance within the range.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明目的在于,提供一种给定实现简便,成本低,给定迅速,精度高、准确的串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法。The object of the present invention is to provide a method for setting a series-parallel combination of a given output resistance value that is easy to implement, low in cost, fast, high-precision and accurate.

本发明通过以下措施来达到,一种串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,具有如下技术特征:以100Ω的间隔值,采用至少4个200Ω与1个100Ω的电阻单元,串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~900Ω的等差数列阻值的百位电阻组合体;以间隔值为10Ω,至少4个20 Ω与1个10Ω的电阻单元,串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~90Ω的等差数列阻值的十位电阻组合体;以间隔值为1Ω,至少4个2Ω与1的电阻单元串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~9Ω的等差数列阻值电的个位电阻组合体;以间隔值为0.1Ω,至少4个0.2Ω与1个0.1Ω的电阻单元串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~0.9Ω的等差数列阻值的十分位电阻组合体;从而组成百位、十位、个位、十分位电阻组合最大值相加,最大值为900+90+9+0.9=999.9Ω,且最小分辨率为0.1Ω的电阻给定装置,并且每一相邻的两个串联电阻间都有串联线上间隔并联的双刀双联开关切换接通继电器,以实现短接并联电阻R触点闭合接触电阻减半,对应1~9的选择输出,每一次电阻量值的输由可变电阻器单片机系统统计出电阻输出回路上继电器短接点数量,组合输出电阻值将减去继电器闭合触点的累计总电阻值。The present invention is achieved through the following measures: a method of combining a given output resistance value in series and parallel, which has the following technical characteristics: at least four 200Ω and one 100Ω resistance units are used at an interval of 100Ω to form an access circuit in series A hundred-digit resistor combination with an arithmetic series resistance ranging from 0Ω to 900Ω; with an interval of 10Ω, at least four 20Ω and one 10Ω resistor units are connected in series to form an access circuit with an arithmetic range of 0Ω to 90Ω. A tens-digit resistor combination with a numerical resistance value; with an interval of 1Ω, at least four 2Ω and 1 resistor units are connected in series to form a single-digit resistor combination with an arithmetic serial resistance value that is connected to the circuit with a range of 0Ω to 9Ω; The interval value is 0.1Ω, and at least four 0.2Ω and one 0.1Ω resistor units are connected in series to form a tenth resistor combination with an arithmetic sequence resistance of 0Ω to 0.9Ω connected to the circuit; thus forming the hundreds and tens digits. , the maximum value of the combination of units and tenths resistance is added, the maximum value is 900+90+9+0.9=999.9Ω, and the minimum resolution is 0.1Ω resistance given device, and each two adjacent series resistors There are double-pole double-connected switches connected in parallel on the series lines at intervals to switch on the relay, so as to realize the short-circuit parallel resistance R contact closure and the contact resistance is reduced by half, corresponding to the selected output of 1 to 9, each time the resistance value is output by The variable resistor microcontroller system counts the number of relay short contacts on the resistance output loop, and the combined output resistance value will be subtracted from the cumulative total resistance value of the relay closed contacts.

本发明相比于现有技术具有如下有益效果。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

实现简单。本发明采用百位串联电阻组、十位串联电阻组、个位串联电阻组、十分位串联电阻组的串联结构组成输出电阻,利用百位、十位、个位、十分位分离方式进行组合,通过电阻的串联组合达到所需电阻,采用继电器触点短接多余电阻实现目标电阻,通过继电器双刀并联实现短接电阻处的继电器触点接触电阻减半,在串联电阻组的每一位,获得目标电阻值,每组以较少串联电阻组获得0~999.99Ω的任意电阻值,实现简单。在同等精度条件下可以节省很多资源。同时,通过外部数字控制装置进行电阻阻值调节,可实现智能化调节电阻阻值,电阻阻值调节的效率更高,可以避免损坏线路。Simple to implement. The invention uses a series structure of a hundred-digit series resistor group, a tens-digit series resistor group, a units-digit series resistor group, and a ten-digit series resistor group to form an output resistor, and uses the separation method of hundreds, tens, units, and ten-digits for combination. The required resistance is achieved through the series combination of resistors, the relay contacts are used to short-circuit the excess resistance to achieve the target resistance, and the relay contact contact resistance at the short-circuited resistor is halved through the parallel connection of the relay double poles. At each position of the series resistor group, To obtain the target resistance value, each group can obtain any resistance value from 0 to 999.99Ω with fewer series-connected resistor groups, which is simple to implement. A lot of resources can be saved under the same accuracy conditions. At the same time, the resistance value can be adjusted intelligently through an external digital control device. The resistance value adjustment is more efficient and can avoid damaging the circuit.

成本低。本发明采用电阻器组合的方式完成可变电阻器,尤其是在高精度及低成本上具有优势。上述阻值偏差的电阻均为货架产品,不需单独定制,只需采用电阻厂家提供货架电阻XJ3型精密线绕电阻器。装调简单、方便。每一串联电阻组,按照正偏差及负偏差交替安装,可获得更好准确度的量值输出,仅需要进行简单二次选配,工作量小。low cost. The present invention uses a combination of resistors to complete the variable resistor, which has advantages in high precision and low cost. The resistors with the above resistance value deviations are all off-the-shelf products and do not need to be customized separately. You only need to use the off-shelf resistor XJ3 type precision wire-wound resistor provided by the resistor manufacturer. Installation and adjustment are simple and convenient. Each series resistor group is installed alternately according to positive deviation and negative deviation, which can obtain better accurate value output. Only simple secondary selection is required, and the workload is small.

给定迅速。本发明输出0~999.99Ω的任意阻值时,百位、十位、个位、十分位的继电器触点根据组合需要进行短接电阻达到目标电阻的输出,每位电阻单元组合对应1~9的选择输出,分别有对应固定的继电器触点的闭合组合,每一次电阻量值的输出可统计出电阻输出回路上多少处继电器处于闭合状态,最终电阻的组合输出电阻值减去继电器闭合触点的累计总电阻值,给定实现简便,反应迅速,具有良好的阻值稳定性,较小的电阻温度系数和静噪声。由单片机控制,单片机通过串行RS485总线与上位计算机相连,上位计算机给出目标电阻值,电阻输出到达稳定在0.3s内完成。每一电阻排列组合正负匹配。按照电阻值正偏差及负偏差交替安装,获得更好准确度的电阻值量值输出,其全量程精度及准确度仍认为±0.025%,全量程精度及准确度优于0.25Ω仍不变。这需要进行二次筛选及配对,工作量相对较小。Given promptly. When the present invention outputs any resistance value from 0 to 999.99Ω, the relay contacts in the hundreds, tens, units and tenths digits are short-circuited according to the combination needs to achieve the output of the target resistance. Each resistance unit combination corresponds to 1 to 9. The selected outputs each have corresponding closed combinations of fixed relay contacts. Each output of the resistance value can count how many relays are in the closed state on the resistance output circuit. The final resistance combination output resistance value minus the relay closed contacts The cumulative total resistance value is easy to implement, responds quickly, has good resistance stability, small resistance temperature coefficient and static noise. It is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer, which is connected to the upper computer through the serial RS485 bus. The upper computer gives the target resistance value, and the resistance output reaches stability within 0.3s. Each resistor combination is positive and negative matched. Install alternately according to the positive and negative deviations of the resistance value to obtain a better accurate resistance value output. Its full-scale precision and accuracy are still considered to be ±0.025%, and the full-scale precision and accuracy are still better than 0.25Ω. This requires secondary screening and matching, and the workload is relatively small.

精度高。本发明通过电阻的串联组合达到所需电阻,采用每一组串联电阻组最大值进行相加组成最大值为999.9Ω,且最小分辨率为0.1Ω组成电阻给定装置,以不同组合方式的多只电阻并联方式提高精度;并且每一组的4个串联电阻间隔串联线上都并联有采用双刀接通的继电器,继电器双刀并联实现短接电阻R处的继电器触点接触电阻减半,每位电阻单元分别对应固定的继电器触点的闭合,对应1~9的选择输出降低触点接触电阻,这种采用跨接在电阻器上的双刀继电器触点接通的串并联切换电路,可使短接电阻处的继电器触点接触电阻减半,触点短接处电阻≤0.015Ω,灵活性非常高,可以提高全量程电阻值的输出精度,准确度高。在0~999.9Ω范围内,分辨率为0.1Ω,百位、十位组合若获得990Ω的电阻值输出,继电器全断开,此时的电阻偏差就是该百位、十位组合的最大偏差,即10×(±0.002%)=±0.02%。综合上述,当获得999.9Ω的电阻值输出时,此时最大的电阻偏差是: 990×(±0.02%)+(±0.02Ω)=(±0.198)+(±0.02)=±0.218Ω。满足电阻值范围在0~999.9Ω,分辨率为0.1Ω,其全量程精度及准确度优于0.25Ω,即全量程精度及准确度±0.025%。串联电阻组的百位、十位的每位电阻单元均采用由5只相同规格及阻值偏差的电阻进行并联,每个电阻的阻值偏差为±0.01%,则每位电阻单元的阻值最大偏差减小为±0.01%/5=± 0.002%;在外部数字控制装置的控制下,根据短接点数量,对输出电阻值进行修正,可以实现电阻基本单元的阻值为零阻值或固定阻值,并且,当电阻单元阻值为固定阻值时,电阻单元的固定阻值各不相同,电阻排列正负匹配提高精度,实现低成本高精度。这样,在智能化设备的电子线路中,可以通过外部数字控制装置方便地提供2N个一定范围内的任意电阻值,方便对电路板组应用中进行数字控制电阻阻值,方便在需要可变电阻的应用中实现自动化,同时,可以设计高精度可调的电阻。High precision. The present invention achieves the required resistance through the series combination of resistors. The maximum value of each series-connected resistor group is added to form a maximum value of 999.9Ω, and the minimum resolution is 0.1Ω to form a resistance given device. Multiple combinations are used in different combinations. The resistor is connected in parallel to improve accuracy; and each group of four series resistors is connected in parallel with a relay using double poles on the series line. The double poles of the relay are connected in parallel to reduce the contact resistance of the relay contact at the short-circuited resistor R by half. Each resistor unit corresponds to the closing of a fixed relay contact, and corresponds to the selected output of 1 to 9 to reduce the contact resistance. This series-parallel switching circuit uses a double-pole relay contact connected across the resistor. It can halve the contact resistance of the relay contact at the short-circuit resistance, and the resistance at the short-circuit resistance is ≤0.015Ω. It is very flexible and can improve the output accuracy of the full-scale resistance value with high accuracy. In the range of 0~999.9Ω, the resolution is 0.1Ω. If the combination of hundreds and tens digits obtains a resistance value output of 990Ω, the relay will be fully disconnected. The resistance deviation at this time is the maximum deviation of the combination of hundreds and tens. That is, 10×(±0.002%)=±0.02%. Based on the above, when a resistance value output of 999.9Ω is obtained, the maximum resistance deviation at this time is: 990×(±0.02%)+(±0.02Ω)=(±0.198)+(±0.02)=±0.218Ω. The resistance value range is 0~999.9Ω, the resolution is 0.1Ω, and its full-scale precision and accuracy are better than 0.25Ω, that is, the full-scale precision and accuracy are ±0.025%. Each resistor unit in the hundreds and tens digits of the series resistor group is connected in parallel with 5 resistors of the same specifications and resistance deviation. The resistance deviation of each resistor is ±0.01%, then the resistance value of each resistor unit The maximum deviation is reduced to ±0.01%/5=±0.002%; under the control of an external digital control device, the output resistance value is corrected according to the number of short contacts, so that the resistance of the basic unit of the resistor can be zero or fixed. The resistance value, and when the resistance value of the resistance unit is a fixed resistance value, the fixed resistance value of the resistance unit is different, and the positive and negative matching of the resistor arrangement improves the accuracy and achieves low cost and high accuracy. In this way, in the electronic circuit of intelligent equipment, 2N arbitrary resistance values within a certain range can be conveniently provided through an external digital control device, which facilitates digital control of resistor values in circuit board group applications and facilitates the use of variable resistors when variable resistors are required. Automation is achieved in applications, and at the same time, high-precision adjustable resistors can be designed.

可变电阻器输出准确,本发明通过计算继电器短接点数量,单片机的软件查表对应继电器触点数量,可以对给出电阻值进行修正。在此装置输出0~999.99Ω的任意阻值时,百位、十位、个位、十分位的继电器触点根据组合需要进行短接电阻达到目标电阻的输出,每位电阻单元组合对应的1~9的选择输出,分别有对应固定的继电器触点的闭合组合,每一次电阻量值的输出可统计出电阻输出回路上多少处继电器处于闭合状态,最终电阻的组合输出电阻值将减去继电器闭合触点的累计总电阻值,这样可以进一步减小短接接触电阻。另外,通过继电器双刀并联实现短接电阻处的继电器触点接触电阻减半。在电阻组合的每一位,为获得目标电阻值,即小于或等于9乘以10的对应位的某次方,需要采用继电器触点短接多余的电阻值。采用继电器触点短接多余电阻实现目标电阻,如个位的电阻组合,通过个位电阻组合的继电器触点短接组合实现1或2或3或4或5或6或7或8或9的选择输出。同时优化段短接处的电阻,通过采用两组继电器触点并联以使接触电阻减半,继电器单触点最大电阻值为0.03Ω,采用两组继电器触点并联后,触点短接处电阻≤0.015Ω,可以减小短接接触电阻,以提高最终电阻值的输出精度。The output of the variable resistor is accurate. The present invention can correct the given resistance value by calculating the number of relay short contacts and using the software of the microcontroller to look up the table corresponding to the number of relay contacts. When this device outputs any resistance value from 0 to 999.99Ω, the relay contacts in the hundreds, tens, ones, and tenths digits are short-circuited according to the combination needs to achieve the output of the target resistance. Each resistance unit combination corresponds to 1 The selection outputs of ~9 each have corresponding closed combinations of fixed relay contacts. Each output of the resistance value can count how many relays are in the closed state on the resistance output loop. The final combined output resistance value of the resistance will be minus the relay. The cumulative total resistance value of the closed contacts, which can further reduce the short-circuit contact resistance. In addition, the relay contact contact resistance at the short-circuit resistor is halved by connecting the relay double poles in parallel. In each bit of the resistor combination, in order to obtain the target resistance value, which is less than or equal to a certain power of the corresponding bit of 9 times 10, a relay contact needs to be used to short-circuit the excess resistance value. Use relay contacts to short-circuit excess resistance to achieve the target resistance, such as a single-digit resistance combination. Use a relay contact short-circuit combination of one-digit resistance combinations to achieve 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9. Select output. At the same time, the resistance at the short-circuit point of the segment is optimized. By using two sets of relay contacts in parallel, the contact resistance is halved. The maximum resistance value of a single contact of the relay is 0.03Ω. After using two sets of relay contacts in parallel, the resistance at the short-circuit point is ≤0.015Ω, which can reduce the short-circuit contact resistance to improve the output accuracy of the final resistance value.

百位串联电阻组电阻单元R1~R5,按照电阻值正偏差及负偏差交替安装,获得更好准确度的电阻值量值输出;十位串联电阻组R6~R10、个位串联电阻组R11~R15、十分位串联电阻组R16~R20,各电阻单元同R1~R5电阻单元电阻值正偏差及负偏差交替安装,获得更好准确度的电阻值量值输出。The resistance units R1~R5 of the hundreds-digit series resistor group are installed alternately according to the positive and negative deviations of the resistance values to obtain a more accurate resistance value output; the tens-digit series resistor group R6~R10 and the units-digit series resistor group R11~ R15, tenth place series resistor group R16~R20, each resistance unit is installed alternately with the positive and negative deviation of the resistance value of the R1~R5 resistance unit to obtain a better accurate resistance value output.

每一电阻组合电阻排列正负匹配,按照电阻值正偏差及负偏差交替安装,获得更好准确度的电阻值量值输出,其全量程精度及准确度仍认为±0.025%,全量程精度及准确度优于0.25Ω仍不变。而如此,整个线路上电阻值的实际精度又有提高,这需要进行二次筛选及配对,工作量相对较小。再者,通过多只电阻并联提高电阻的精度。电阻给定由百位、十位、个位、十分位的电阻进行组合,电阻组合的个位、十分位的每位电阻单元均采用由5只相同规格及阻值偏差的电阻进行并联,每个电阻的阻值偏差为±0.01Ω,则每位电阻单元的阻值最大偏差减小为±0.01Ω/5=±0.002Ω;个位、十分位组合若获得9.9Ω的电阻值输出,继电器全断开,此时的电阻偏差就是该个位、十分位组合的最大偏差,即10×(±0.002Ω)=± 0.02Ω。电阻组合的百位、十位的每位电阻单元均采用由5只相同规格及阻值偏差的电阻进行并联,每个电阻的阻值偏差为±0.01%,则每位电阻单元的阻值最大偏差减小为± 0.01%/5=±0.002%;百位、十位组合若获得990Ω的电阻值输出,继电器全断开,此时的电阻偏差就是该百位、十位组合的最大偏差,即10×(±0.002%)=±0.02%。综合上述,当获得 999.9Ω的电阻值输出时,此时最大的电阻偏差是:990×(±0.02%)+(±0.02Ω)=(± 0.198)+(±0.02)=±0.218Ω。满足电阻值范围在0~999.9Ω,分辨率为0.1Ω,其全量程精度及准确度优于0.25Ω,即全量程精度及准确度±0.025%。这样可以用较低成本的电阻获得较高价格的电阻。Each resistor combination has a positive and negative resistor arrangement, and is installed alternately according to the positive and negative deviations of the resistance value to obtain a more accurate resistance value output. Its full-scale precision and accuracy are still considered to be ±0.025%, and the full-scale accuracy and Accuracy better than 0.25Ω remains unchanged. In this way, the actual accuracy of the resistance value on the entire line has been improved, which requires secondary screening and matching, and the workload is relatively small. Furthermore, the accuracy of the resistor can be improved by connecting multiple resistors in parallel. The given resistance is a combination of resistors in the hundreds, tens, ones and tenths places. Each resistance unit in the ones and tenths places of the resistance combination is made up of 5 resistors of the same specification and resistance value deviation, which are connected in parallel. The resistance value deviation of each resistor is ±0.01Ω, then the maximum deviation of the resistance value of each resistor unit is reduced to ±0.01Ω/5 = ±0.002Ω; if the combination of units and tenths digits obtains a resistance value output of 9.9Ω, the relay Fully disconnected, the resistance deviation at this time is the maximum deviation of the units and tenths combination, that is, 10 × (±0.002Ω) = ± 0.02Ω. Each resistor unit in the hundreds and tens digits of the resistor combination is connected in parallel with 5 resistors of the same specifications and resistance deviation. The resistance deviation of each resistor is ±0.01%, then the resistance value of each resistor unit is the maximum The deviation is reduced to ±0.01%/5=±0.002%; if the combination of hundreds and tens digits obtains a resistance value output of 990Ω, the relay is fully disconnected, and the resistance deviation at this time is the maximum deviation of the combination of hundreds and tens. That is, 10×(±0.002%)=±0.02%. Based on the above, when a resistance value output of 999.9Ω is obtained, the maximum resistance deviation at this time is: 990×(±0.02%)+(±0.02Ω)=(±0.198)+(±0.02)=±0.218Ω. The resistance value range is 0~999.9Ω, the resolution is 0.1Ω, and its full-scale precision and accuracy are better than 0.25Ω, that is, the full-scale precision and accuracy are ±0.025%. This allows for higher priced resistors to be obtained with lower cost resistors.

抗干扰能力强。本发明数据传输采用RS485与上位计算机通信。单片机的一路异步、全双工串口电连接上位机的RS485总线,上位计算机通过RS485总线寻址该电阻给定装置,通过电阻的串联组合达到所需电,抗干扰能力强。电阻式传感器的模拟电阻信号的电阻给定需要值一般在0~999.9Ω,分辨率为0.1Ω,其全量程精度及准确度优于0.25Ω,即全量程精度及准确度±0.025%。Strong anti-interference ability. The data transmission of the present invention adopts RS485 to communicate with the host computer. One asynchronous, full-duplex serial port of the microcontroller is electrically connected to the RS485 bus of the host computer. The host computer addresses the resistor given device through the RS485 bus, and the required power is achieved through the series combination of resistors, which has strong anti-interference ability. The required resistance value of the analog resistance signal of the resistive sensor is generally 0 to 999.9Ω, and the resolution is 0.1Ω. Its full-scale precision and accuracy are better than 0.25Ω, that is, the full-scale precision and accuracy are ±0.025%.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1是本发明串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法电阻组合的电路原理示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of resistor combination in the method of series-parallel combination of a given output resistance value according to the present invention.

图2是图1电阻值典型对应关系的可选实施例电路示意图。FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of an optional embodiment of the typical correspondence between resistance values in FIG. 1.

图3是电阻卡的单片机通讯、控制及驱动电路图。Figure 3 is the microcontroller communication, control and drive circuit diagram of the resistor card.

图4是可变电阻器单片机系统的电路原理示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the variable resistor microcontroller system.

图5是百位电阻组合构成差值为100Ω、量程为0Ω~900Ω的等差数列阻值的原理图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a hundred-digit resistor combination forming an arithmetic resistance sequence with a difference of 100Ω and a range of 0Ω to 900Ω.

下面结合附图和实施例进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the described embodiments.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

参阅图1。根据本发明,以100Ω的间隔值,采用至少4个200Ω与1个100Ω的电阻单元,串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~900Ω的等差数列阻值的百位电阻组合体;以间隔值为10Ω,至少4个20Ω与1个10Ω的电阻单元,串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~90Ω的等差数列阻值的十位电阻组合体;以间隔值为1Ω,至少4个2Ω与1的电阻单元串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~9Ω的等差数列阻值电的个位电阻组合体;以间隔值为0.1Ω,至少4 个0.2Ω与1个0.1Ω的电阻单元串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~0.9Ω的等差数列阻值的十分位电阻组合体;从而组成百位、十位、个位、十分位电阻组合最大值相加,最大值为 900+90+9+0.9=999.9Ω,且最小分辨率为0.1Ω的电阻给定装置,并且每一相邻的两个串联电阻间都有串联线上间隔并联的双刀双联开关切换接通继电器,以实现短接并联电阻R触点闭合接触电阻减半,对应1~9的选择输出,每一次电阻量值的输由可变电阻器单片机系统统计出电阻输出回路上继电器短接点数量,组合输出电阻值将减去继电器闭合触点的累计总电阻值。百位串联电阻组、十位串联电阻组、个位串联电阻组、十分位串联电阻组的串联结构组成输出电阻。百位串联电阻组是由4个200Ω与1个100Ω的R1~R5电阻单元串联组成0Ω~900Ω(间隔值为100Ω)的串联电阻组构成电阻卡电阻值输出的基本构架;十位组串联电阻组是由4个20Ω与1个10Ω的R6~R10电阻单元串联组成0Ω~90Ω(间隔值为 10Ω)的R11~R15串联电阻组构成电阻卡电阻值输出的基本构架;个位组串联电阻是由4个 2Ω与1个1Ω的电阻单元串联组成0Ω~9Ω(间隔值为1Ω)的串联电阻组构成电阻卡电阻值输出的基本构架;十分位组串联电阻是由4个0.2Ω与1个0.1Ω的R16~R20电阻单元串联组成0Ω~0.9Ω(间隔值为0.1Ω)的串联电阻组构成电阻卡电阻值输出的基本构架。再将百位、十位、个位、十分位的组串联电阻组阻值的最大值进行相加900+90+9+0.9=999.9,即可组成最大值为999.9Ω,且最小分辨率为0.1Ω的电阻给定装置。See Figure 1. According to the present invention, at least four 200Ω and one 100Ω resistor units are used at an interval of 100Ω, and are connected in series to form a hundred-digit resistor combination with an arithmetic sequence resistance of 0Ω to 900Ω in the range of the access circuit; with the interval value being 10Ω, at least 4 20Ω and 1 10Ω resistor units, connected in series to form a ten-digit resistor combination with an arithmetic sequence resistance value of 0Ω to 90Ω in the circuit range; with an interval value of 1Ω, at least 4 2Ω and 1 The resistor units are connected in series to form a single-digit resistor combination with an arithmetic resistance series with an access circuit range of 0Ω to 9Ω; with an interval value of 0.1Ω, at least four 0.2Ω and one 0.1Ω resistor units are connected in series to form an access circuit. The circuit range is a tenth place resistor combination with an arithmetic sequence resistance of 0Ω to 0.9Ω; thus forming the maximum value of the hundreds, tens, units and tenth place resistor combinations, the maximum value is 900+90+9+0.9 =999.9Ω, and the minimum resolution is 0.1Ω resistance given device, and between each two adjacent series resistors, there is a double-pole double switch connected in parallel at intervals on the series line to switch on the relay to achieve short circuit The contact resistance of the parallel resistor R is reduced by half when the contact is closed, corresponding to the selected output of 1 to 9. Each time the resistance value is output, the variable resistor microcontroller system counts the number of relay short contacts on the resistance output loop, and the combined output resistance value will be reduced. Get the cumulative total resistance value of the relay closed contacts. The series structure of the hundreds-digit series resistor group, tens-digit series resistor group, units-digit series resistor group, and ten-digit series resistor group forms the output resistance. The hundreds-digit series resistor group is composed of four 200Ω and one 100Ω R1 ~ R5 resistor units in series to form a series resistor group of 0Ω ~ 900Ω (the interval value is 100Ω) to form the basic structure of the resistance value output of the resistor card; the tens-digit series resistor The group is composed of four 20Ω and one 10Ω R6~R10 resistor units connected in series to form a 0Ω~90Ω (interval value is 10Ω) R11~R15 series resistor group to form the basic structure of the resistance value output of the resistor card; the units group series resistor is The basic structure of the resistance value output of the resistor card is composed of four 2Ω and one 1Ω resistance units connected in series to form a series resistance group of 0Ω to 9Ω (the interval value is 1Ω); the tenth group series resistance is composed of four 0.2Ω and one The 0.1Ω R16~R20 resistor units are connected in series to form a series resistance group of 0Ω~0.9Ω (interval value is 0.1Ω), forming the basic structure of the resistance value output of the resistor card. Then add the maximum value of the series resistor group resistance values of the hundreds, tens, units and tenths digits to 900+90+9+0.9=999.9, which can form a maximum value of 999.9Ω, and the minimum resolution is A resistance of 0.1Ω is given to the device.

百位、十位、个位、十分位的每一位的组合方式相同,如百位电阻组合。百位电阻组合是由4个200Ω与1个100Ω的电阻单元串联组成0Ω~900Ω(间隔值为100Ω)的电阻组合;将百位上的100Ω的电阻单元上的继电器触点断开则该100Ω的电阻单元接入串联结构组成输出电阻,若将100Ω的电阻单元上的继电器触点闭合,则该100Ω的电阻单元相当于短路为0Ω,则其100Ω未接入串联结构组成输出电阻。将百位上的另外4个200Ω形成的线路上的继电器触点进行断开或接通,这可把对应的200Ω电阻单元接入或脱离串联结构组成输出电阻;对其上的多组继电器触点的断开或接通进行组合,可以得到0Ω~900Ω(间隔值为100Ω)的电阻组合,或构成称为差值为100Ω、量程为0Ω~900Ω的等差数列阻值。The combination of each digit of hundreds, tens, units and tenths is the same, such as the combination of hundreds digit resistor. The hundred's resistor combination is composed of four 200Ω and one 100Ω resistor units connected in series to form a resistor combination of 0Ω to 900Ω (the interval value is 100Ω); disconnect the relay contact on the 100Ω resistor unit on the hundred's digit, and the 100Ω The resistor unit is connected to the series structure to form the output resistance. If the relay contact on the 100Ω resistor unit is closed, the 100Ω resistor unit is equivalent to a short circuit of 0Ω, and its 100Ω is not connected to the series structure to form the output resistance. Disconnect or connect the relay contacts on the line formed by the other four 200Ω on the hundreds position, which can connect or disconnect the corresponding 200Ω resistance unit from the series structure to form an output resistance; By combining the points of disconnection or connection, a resistance combination of 0Ω to 900Ω (interval value is 100Ω) can be obtained, or an arithmetic sequence resistance value with a difference of 100Ω and a range of 0Ω to 900Ω can be obtained.

当跨接在电阻R5、R10、R15、R20上的继电器的触点K31B、K31C、K32B、K32C、 K21B、K21C、K22B、K22C、K11B、K11C、K12B、K12C、K01B、K01C、K02B、K02C 接通时,RHi与RLo两端输出的电阻值理论值为最小值0Ω。When the relay contacts K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C, K21B, K21C, K22B, K22C, K11B, K11C, K12B, K12C, K01B, K01C, K02B, K02C are connected across resistors R5, R10, R15, and R20 When turned on, the theoretical value of the resistance output at both ends of RHi and RLo is the minimum value of 0Ω.

当跨接在电阻器上的继电器的触点全部断开时,RHi与RLo两端输出的电阻值为最大值999.9Ω。When all contacts of the relay connected across the resistor are disconnected, the resistance value output at both ends of RHi and RLo is the maximum value of 999.9Ω.

当跨接在电阻器上的继电器的触点根据需要有选择性地断开或接通时,RHi与RLo两端输出的电阻值为0~999.9Ω中的某一电阻值,电阻的最小变化量为0.1Ω。When the contacts of the relay connected across the resistor are selectively disconnected or connected as needed, the resistance value output at both ends of RHi and RLo is a certain resistance value between 0 and 999.9Ω, and the minimum change in resistance The amount is 0.1Ω.

跨接在电阻器上的继电器的触点均采用双刀接通,可使短接电阻处的继电器触点接触电阻减半,触点短接处电阻≤0.015Ω,以提高最终电阻值的输出精度。The contacts of the relay connected across the resistor are connected with double poles, which can reduce the contact resistance of the relay contact at the short-circuited resistor by half. The resistance at the short-circuited contact is ≤0.015Ω to improve the output of the final resistance value. Accuracy.

上述阻值偏差的电阻均为货架产品,只需采用电阻厂家合格产品。The resistors with the above resistance value deviations are all shelf products, and only qualified products from resistor manufacturers must be used.

为获得目标电阻值,需要采用继电器触点短接多余的电阻值,在串联电阻组的每一位,即小于或等于9乘以10的对应位的某次方,采用继电器触点短接多余电阻实现目标电阻,如个位的串联电阻组,通过个位串联电阻组的继电器触点短接组合实现1Ω或2Ω或3Ω或4Ω或5Ω或6Ω或7Ω或8Ω或9Ω选择输出。同时优化段短接处的电阻,通过采用两组继电器触点并联以使接触电阻减半,继电器单触点最大电阻值为0.03Ω,采用两个组继电器触点并联后,触点短接处电阻≤0.015Ω,以提高最终电阻值的输出精度。In order to obtain the target resistance value, the relay contacts need to be used to short-circuit the excess resistance value. At each bit of the series resistance group, that is, a certain power of the corresponding bit that is less than or equal to 9 times 10, the relay contacts are used to short-circuit the excess resistance value. The resistor realizes the target resistance, such as a single-digit series resistor group, and the relay contact short-circuit combination of the units-digit series resistor group achieves 1Ω or 2Ω or 3Ω or 4Ω or 5Ω or 6Ω or 7Ω or 8Ω or 9Ω to select the output. At the same time, the resistance at the short-circuit point of the segment is optimized. By using two groups of relay contacts in parallel, the contact resistance is halved. The maximum resistance value of a relay single contact is 0.03Ω. After using two groups of relay contacts in parallel, the contact short-circuit point Resistance ≤0.015Ω to improve the output accuracy of the final resistance value.

电阻给定由百位串联电阻组、十位串联电阻组、个位串联电阻组、十分位串联电阻组的电阻进行组合,串联电阻组的个位、十分位串联电阻组的每位电阻单元均采用由5只相同规格及阻值偏差的电阻进行并联,每个电阻的阻值偏差为±0.01Ω,则每位电阻单元的阻值最大偏差减小为±0.01Ω/5=±0.002Ω;个位、十分位串联电阻组组合若获得9.9Ω的电阻值输出,继电器全断开,此时的电阻偏差就是该个位、十分位组合的最大偏差,即10×(± 0.002Ω)=±0.02Ω。The given resistance is combined by the resistance of the hundreds-digit series resistor group, the tens-digit series resistor group, the units-digit series resistor group, and the tenth-digit series resistor group. Each resistance unit of the units-digit series resistor group and the tenth-digit series resistor group is Using 5 resistors of the same specification and resistance deviation in parallel, the resistance deviation of each resistor is ±0.01Ω, then the maximum resistance deviation of each resistor unit is reduced to ±0.01Ω/5 = ±0.002Ω; If a series-connected resistance group combination of units and tenths place obtains a resistance value output of 9.9Ω and the relay is fully turned off, the resistance deviation at this time is the maximum deviation of the units and tenths combination, that is, 10 × (± 0.002Ω) = ± 0.02Ω.

本可变电阻器由单片机系统控制,单片机通过软件计算继电器短接点数量,对给出电阻值进行修正。输出0~999.9Ω的任意阻值时,百位继电器组、十位继电器组、个位继电器组,十分位继电器触点根据组合需要进行短接电阻达到目标电阻的输出,每位电阻单元组合对应的1~9权位的选择输出,百位继电器组输出(1~9)×102Ω的电阻,十位继电器组输出(1~9)×101Ω的电阻,个位继电器组输出(1~9)×100Ω的电阻,十分位继电器组输出(1~ 9)×10-1Ω的电阻。分别有对应固定的继电器触点的闭合组合,每一次电阻量值的输出可统计出电阻输出回路上多少处继电器处于闭合状态,最终电阻的组合输出电阻值将减去继电器闭合触点的累计总电阻值。This variable resistor is controlled by a microcontroller system. The microcontroller calculates the number of relay short contacts through software and corrects the given resistance value. When outputting any resistance value from 0 to 999.9Ω, the hundreds digit relay group, tens digit relay group, units digit relay group, and tenth digit relay contacts are short-circuited according to the combination needs to achieve the output of the target resistance, and each resistance unit combination corresponds to The selection output of weight bits 1~9, the hundreds place relay group outputs (1~9)×10 2 Ω resistance, the tens place relay group outputs (1~9)×10 1 Ω resistance, the units place relay group outputs ( The resistance is 1~9)×10 0 Ω, and the tenth place relay group outputs the resistance (1~9)×10 -1 Ω. There are corresponding closed combinations of fixed relay contacts. The output of each resistance value can count how many relays are in the closed state on the resistance output circuit. The final combined output resistance value of the resistance will be subtracted from the cumulative total of the relay closed contacts. resistance.

参阅图2。为提高精度,通过多只电阻并联的每个电阻单元电阻值的典型对应关系的可选实施例中,对应图1中的R1,不同处在于R1的200Ω电阻是由5只1000Ω电阻并联获得;同样其他各个电阻均是如此构成获得。电阻单元R1~R10均采用RJ711型高精密合金箔电阻,R1~R4每位电阻单元的组合阻值为200Ω,R1~R4每位电阻单元均由5只阻值 1000Ω、阻值允许偏差±0.01%的电阻并联获得;R5电阻单元的组合阻值为100Ω,由5只阻值500Ω、阻值允许偏差±0.01%的电阻并联获得。R6~R9每位电阻单元的组合阻值为 20Ω,R6~R9每位电阻单元均由5只阻值100Ω、阻值允许偏差±0.01%的电阻并联获得; R10电阻单元的组合阻值为10Ω,由5只阻值50Ω、阻值允许偏差±0.01%的电阻并联获得。See Figure 2. In order to improve accuracy, in an optional embodiment, the typical correspondence relationship between the resistance values of each resistor unit through multiple resistors connected in parallel corresponds to R1 in Figure 1. The difference is that the 200Ω resistance of R1 is obtained by connecting five 1000Ω resistors in parallel; Similarly, other resistors are constructed in this way. Resistor units R1~R10 all use RJ711 high-precision alloy foil resistors. The combined resistance value of each resistor unit R1~R4 is 200Ω. Each resistor unit R1~R4 consists of 5 resistance units with a resistance of 1000Ω. The allowable resistance deviation is ±0.01 % resistors are connected in parallel; the combined resistance of the R5 resistor unit is 100Ω, which is obtained by connecting 5 resistors in parallel with a resistance of 500Ω and a tolerance of ±0.01%. The combined resistance of each resistor unit R6~R9 is 20Ω. Each resistor unit R6~R9 is obtained by connecting five resistors in parallel with a resistance of 100Ω and an allowable resistance deviation of ±0.01%. The combined resistance of the resistor unit R10 is 10Ω. , obtained by connecting five resistors in parallel with a resistance of 50Ω and a tolerance of ±0.01%.

R11~R20均采用RXJ3型精密线绕电阻器,R11~R14每位电阻单元的组合阻值为2Ω,R11~R14每位电阻单元均由5只阻值10Ω、阻值允许偏差±0.01Ω的电阻并联获得;R15电阻单元的组合阻值为1Ω,由5只阻值5Ω、阻值允许偏差±0.01Ω的电阻并联获得。R16~R19每位电阻单元的组合阻值为0.2Ω,R16~R19每位电阻单元均由5只阻值1Ω、阻值允许偏差±0.01Ω的电阻并联获得;R20电阻单元的组合阻值为0.1Ω,由5只阻值0.5 Ω、阻值允许偏差±0.01Ω的电阻并联获得。R11~R20 all use RXJ3 type precision wire-wound resistors. The combined resistance of each resistor unit of R11~R14 is 2Ω. Each resistor unit of R11~R14 is composed of 5 resistors with a resistance of 10Ω and a tolerance of ±0.01Ω. Resistors are obtained by connecting them in parallel; the combined resistance of the R15 resistor unit is 1Ω, which is obtained by connecting five resistors with a resistance of 5Ω in parallel and a tolerance of ±0.01Ω. The combined resistance of each resistor unit R16~R19 is 0.2Ω. Each resistor unit R16~R19 is obtained by connecting five resistors in parallel with a resistance of 1Ω and an allowable resistance deviation of ±0.01Ω. The combined resistance of the R20 resistor unit is 0.1Ω, obtained by connecting five resistors in parallel with a resistance of 0.5Ω and a tolerance of ±0.01Ω.

参阅图3。单片机控制可变电阻器的给定阻值输出,其中,单片机D1可以采用如型号为C8051F310的单片机,低功耗收发器D2可以采用型号为MAX485ESA的低功耗收发器,触发器D3、D5、D7、D9可以采用型号为74HC273触发器,驱动器D4、D6、D8、 D10可以采用型号为MC1413P(BP)的驱动器。单片机的一路异步、全双工串口UART0输出 RS485信号,通过单片机D1的控制线P0.4、P0.5端口和信号方向控制端P1.7,经过低功耗收发器D2输出RS485信号,低功耗收发器D2通过输出端并联电阻R21连接上位计算机,将RS485信号送入上位计算机。单片机D1通过低功耗收发器D2接收上位计算机的目标电阻值输入指令。单片机D1的控制线P1.2、P1.3、P1.4、P1.5分别连接触发器D3、D5、D7、 D9的时钟端CLK,单片机的并口线P2,分别为P2.0、P2.1、P2.2、P2.3、P2.4、P2.5、P2.6、 P2.7,同时接在触发器D3、D5、D7、D9的8位输入端,触发器D3、D5、D7、D9的5位输出线分别接驱动器D4、D6、D8、D10的5位输入端。当驱动器D4、D6、D8、D10各自的5位输出端如果出现低电平时,与低电平相连的继电器将形成电路回路使继电器得电,则继电器动作,继电器动作,则对应继电器的常开触点将闭合,该继电器动作将使其触点接通,保证图1中继电器触点控制的电阻单元接入或退出输出电阻回路。如D4的1脚为高电平,则D4的16脚反向为低电平,该低电平接在K31A继电器的负端,继电器的正端本身带 +12V的正电,此时该继电器得电动作,该继电器上的常开触点K31B与K31C闭合,与K31B与K31C有关的电阻R5被短路,R5这100Ω电阻值不被接入整个电阻回路。线路回路上的其他电阻值是否接入整个电阻回路,也取决于与其相邻有关的常开触点是否接通或断开。See Figure 3. The single-chip computer controls the given resistance output of the variable resistor. Among them, the single-chip computer D1 can use a single-chip computer with model C8051F310. The low-power transceiver D2 can use a low-power transceiver with model MAX485ESA. The triggers D3, D5, D7 and D9 can use the flip-flop model 74HC273, and the drivers D4, D6, D8, and D10 can use the driver model MC1413P (BP). One asynchronous, full-duplex serial port UART0 of the microcontroller outputs an RS485 signal. Through the control lines P0.4 and P0.5 ports of the microcontroller D1 and the signal direction control terminal P1.7, the RS485 signal is output through the low-power transceiver D2. The low-power The transceiver D2 is connected to the host computer through the parallel resistor R21 at the output end, and sends the RS485 signal to the host computer. The microcontroller D1 receives the target resistance value input command from the host computer through the low-power transceiver D2. The control lines P1.2, P1.3, P1.4, and P1.5 of the microcontroller D1 are connected to the clock terminals CLK of the flip-flops D3, D5, D7, and D9 respectively. The parallel port lines P2 of the microcontroller are P2.0 and P2 respectively. 1. P2.2, P2.3, P2.4, P2.5, P2.6, P2.7 are connected to the 8-bit input terminals of flip-flops D3, D5, D7, and D9 at the same time. The flip-flops D3, D5, The 5-bit output lines of D7 and D9 are connected to the 5-bit input terminals of the driver D4, D6, D8, and D10 respectively. When the respective 5-bit output terminals of the driver D4, D6, D8, and D10 appear low level, the relay connected to the low level will form a circuit loop to energize the relay, and the relay will act. If the relay acts, it corresponds to the normally open state of the relay. The contacts will be closed, and the action of the relay will connect its contacts, ensuring that the resistance unit controlled by the relay contacts in Figure 1 is connected to or exits the output resistance loop. If pin 1 of D4 is high level, then pin 16 of D4 is reversely low level. The low level is connected to the negative terminal of the K31A relay. The positive terminal of the relay itself carries +12V positive electricity. At this time, the relay When the relay is electrically activated, the normally open contacts K31B and K31C on the relay are closed, the resistor R5 related to K31B and K31C is short-circuited, and the 100Ω resistance value of R5 is not connected to the entire resistance loop. Whether other resistance values on the line loop are connected to the entire resistance loop also depends on whether the normally open contacts adjacent to them are connected or disconnected.

百位继电器组受K31A、K32A、K33A、K34A、K35A继电器控制,K31A继电器控制K31B、K31C触点的通或断,同样,K32A继电器控制K32B、K32C触点的通或断, K33A继电器控制K33B、K33C触点的通或断,K34A继电器控制K34B、K34C触点的通或断,K35A继电器控制K35B、K35C触点的通或断。The hundred relay group is controlled by K31A, K32A, K33A, K34A and K35A relays. The K31A relay controls the on or off of the K31B and K31C contacts. Similarly, the K32A relay controls the on or off of the K32B and K32C contacts. The K33A relay controls the on or off of the K33B and K31C contacts. The K33C contact is on or off, the K34A relay controls the K34B and K34C contacts on or off, and the K35A relay controls the K35B and K35C contacts on or off.

十位继电器组受K21A、K22A、K23A、K24A、K25A继电器控制,K21A继电器控制K21B、K21C触点的通或断,同样,K22A继电器控制K22B、K22C触点的通或断, K23A继电器控制K23B、K23C触点的通或断,K24A继电器控制K24B、K24C触点的通或断,K25A继电器控制K25B、K25C触点的通或断。The ten-digit relay group is controlled by K21A, K22A, K23A, K24A, and K25A relays. The K21A relay controls the on or off of the K21B and K21C contacts. Similarly, the K22A relay controls the on or off of the K22B and K22C contacts. The K23A relay controls the K23B, K23B, and K22C contacts. The K23C contact is on or off, the K24A relay controls the K24B and K24C contacts on or off, and the K25A relay controls the K25B and K25C contacts on or off.

个位继电器组受K11A、K12A、K13A、K14A、K15A继电器控制,K11A继电器控制K11B、K11C触点的通或断,同样,K12A继电器控制K12B、K12C触点的通或断, K13A继电器控制K13B、K13C触点的通或断,K14A继电器控制K14B、K14C触点的通或断,K15A继电器控制K15B、K15C触点的通或断。The units relay group is controlled by K11A, K12A, K13A, K14A and K15A relays. The K11A relay controls the on or off of the K11B and K11C contacts. Similarly, the K12A relay controls the on or off of the K12B and K12C contacts. The K13A relay controls the on or off of the K13B and K11C contacts. The K13C contact is on or off, the K14A relay controls the K14B and K14C contacts on or off, and the K15A relay controls the K15B and K15C contacts on or off.

十分位继电器组受K01A、K02A、K03A、K04A、K05A继电器控制,K01A继电器控制K01B、K01C触点的通或断,同样,K02A继电器控制K02B、K02C触点的通或断, K03A继电器控制K03B、K03C触点的通或断,K04A继电器控制K04B、K04C触点的通或断,K05A继电器控制K05B、K05C触点的通或断。The tenth place relay group is controlled by K01A, K02A, K03A, K04A and K05A relays. The K01A relay controls the on or off of the K01B and K01C contacts. Similarly, the K02A relay controls the on or off of the K02B and K02C contacts. The K03A relay controls the on or off of the K03B and K01C contacts. The K03C contact is on or off, the K04A relay controls the K04B and K04C contacts on or off, and the K05A relay controls the K05B and K05C contacts on or off.

可变电阻器单片机系统控制工作时,当单片机D1通过低功耗收发器D2接收上位计算机的目标电阻值输入指令,经过单片机的运算,分别形成百位、十位、各位、十分位的控制指令,该百位、十位、各位、十分位的控制指令分别进入触发器D3、D5、D7、D9,触发器D3、D5、D7、D9的数据经过驱动器D4、D6、D8、D10使继电器对应触点分别闭合,得到需要的电阻值输出。整个接收、处理、输出的时间在0.3s内完成,其中继电器的运动稳定在0.1s内完成。When the variable resistor microcontroller system controls the work, when the microcontroller D1 receives the target resistance value input command of the host computer through the low-power transceiver D2, after the operation of the microcontroller, it forms control commands of hundreds, tens, everyone, and tenths respectively. , the control instructions for the hundreds, tens, everyone, and tenth digits enter flip-flops D3, D5, D7, and D9 respectively. The data of flip-flops D3, D5, D7, and D9 pass through the drivers D4, D6, D8, and D10 to make the relay corresponding The contacts are closed respectively to obtain the required resistance value output. The entire reception, processing and output time is completed within 0.3s, in which the motion stabilization of the relay is completed within 0.1s.

参阅图4。单片机控制电路接收上位机具体的电阻值输出的控制指令,分解形成百位、十位、各位、十分位电阻值对应的控制指令,该指令转化为数据发给D3、D5、D7、D9锁存器,D3、D5、D7、D9锁存器的数据经过D4、D6、D8、D10驱动器进而确定使对应的继电器K31A、K32A、K33A、K34A、K35A、K21A、K22A、K23A、K24A、K25A、K11A、 K12A、K13A、K14A、K15A、K01A、K02A、K03A、K04A、K05A是否得电,得电形成电路回路的继电器使其对应的常开触点闭合,该系列常开触点闭合或断开决定了最终输出的电阻值。See Figure 4. The microcontroller control circuit receives the specific resistance value output control instructions from the host computer and decomposes them into control instructions corresponding to the hundreds, tens, individual and tenths resistance values. The instructions are converted into data and sent to D3, D5, D7, and D9 latches. The data of the D3, D5, D7, and D9 latches pass through the D4, D6, D8, and D10 drivers to determine the corresponding relays K31A, K32A, K33A, K34A, K35A, K21A, K22A, K23A, K24A, K25A, K11A , K12A, K13A, K14A, K15A, K01A, K02A, K03A, K04A, K05A are energized. The relay forming the circuit loop is energized to close the corresponding normally open contact. The closing or opening of the normally open contact of this series determines determines the final output resistance value.

参阅图5。百位电阻组合构成差值为100Ω、量程为0Ω~900Ω的等差数列阻值的原理图。该图作为代表,十位电阻组合、个位电阻组合、十分位电阻组合也是如此。See Figure 5. The schematic diagram of an arithmetic resistance series with a difference of 100Ω and a range of 0Ω to 900Ω. This picture serves as a representative, as do tens-digit resistor combinations, units-digit resistor combinations, and tenth-digit resistor combinations.

图中,每一组电阻值输出的关键的继电器触点是:In the figure, the key relay contacts for each set of resistance output are:

K31B、K31C、K32B、K32C常开触点闭合,输出电阻为0Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B, K31C, K32B, and K32C are closed, and the output resistance is 0Ω;

K31B、K31C常开触点断开,K32B、K32C常开触点闭合,输出电阻为100Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B and K31C are open, the normally open contacts of K32B and K32C are closed, and the output resistance is 100Ω;

K31B、K31C、K33B、K33C常开触点闭合,K32B、K32C常开触点断开,输出电阻为200Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B, K31C, K33B and K33C are closed, the normally open contacts of K32B and K32C are open, and the output resistance is 200Ω;

K31B、K31C、K32B、K32C常开触点断开,K33B、K33C常开触点闭合,输出电阻为300Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B, K31C, K32B and K32C are open, the normally open contacts of K33B and K33C are closed, and the output resistance is 300Ω;

K31B、K31C、K34B、K34C常开触点闭合,K32B、K32C、K33B、K33C常开触点断开,输出电阻为400Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B, K31C, K34B and K34C are closed, the normally open contacts of K32B, K32C, K33B and K33C are open, and the output resistance is 400Ω;

K31B、K31C、K32B、K32C、K33B、K33C常开触点断开,K34B、K34C常开触点闭合,输出电阻为500Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C, K33B and K33C are open, the normally open contacts of K34B and K34C are closed, and the output resistance is 500Ω;

K31B、K31C、K35B、K35C常开触点闭合,K32B、K32C、K33B、K33C、K34B、K34C 常开触点断开,输出电阻为600Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B, K31C, K35B, and K35C are closed, and the normally open contacts of K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C, K34B, and K34C are open, and the output resistance is 600Ω;

K31B、K31C、K32B、K32C、K33B、K33C、K34B、K34C常开触点断开,K35B、K35C 常开触点闭合,输出电阻为700Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C, K34B, and K34C are open, and the normally open contacts of K35B and K35C are closed, and the output resistance is 700Ω;

K31B、K31C常开触点闭合,K32B、K32C、K33B、K33C、K34B、K34C、K35B、K35C 常开触点断开,输出电阻为800Ω;The normally open contacts of K31B and K31C are closed, the normally open contacts of K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C, K34B, K34C, K35B and K35C are open, and the output resistance is 800Ω;

K31B、K31C、K32B、K32C、K33B、K33C、K34B、K34C、K35B、K35C常开触点断开,输出电阻为900Ω。K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C, K34B, K34C, K35B, K35C normally open contacts are disconnected, and the output resistance is 900Ω.

本发明不局限于上述实施方式,任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品,但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化,在不脱离本发明上述技术思想的情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段,做出各种替换和变更,均应包括在本发明的保护范围。The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Anyone can produce various other forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention, but no matter any changes are made in its shape or structure, it does not deviate from the above-mentioned technical ideas of the present invention. Below, various substitutions and changes can be made based on the common technical knowledge and common methods in the art, and they should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,其特征在于:电阻给定由百位、十位、个位、十分位的电阻进行组合,电阻组合的个位、十分位的每位电阻单元均采用由5只相同规格及阻值偏差的电阻进行并联,每个电阻的阻值偏差为± 0 .01Ω;以100Ω的间隔值,采用至少4个200Ω与1个100Ω的电阻单元,串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~900Ω的等差数列阻值的百位电阻组合体;以间隔值为10Ω,至少4个20Ω与1个10Ω的电阻单元,串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~90Ω的等差数列阻值的十位电阻组合体;以间隔值为1Ω,至少4个2Ω与1的电阻单元串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~9Ω的等差数列阻值电的个位电阻组合体;以间隔值为0.1Ω,至少4个0.2Ω与1个0.1Ω的电阻单元串联组成接入电路量程为0Ω~0.9Ω的等差数列阻值的十分位电阻组合体;组成百位、十位、个位、十分位电阻组合最大值相加,最大值为900+90+9+0.9=999.9Ω,且最小分辨率为0.1Ω的电阻给定装置,并且每一相邻的两个串联电阻间都有串联线上间隔并联的双刀双联开关切换接通继电器,以实现短接并联电阻R触点闭合接触电阻减半,对应1~9的选择输出,每一次电阻量值的输出由可变电阻器单片机系统统计出电阻输出回路上继电器短接点数量,组合输出电阻值将减去继电器闭合触点的累计总电阻值;可变电阻器由单片机系统控制,单片机通过软件计算继电器短接点数量,对给出电阻值进行修正;输出0~999.9Ω的任意阻值时,百位继电器组、十位继电器组、个位继电器组,十分位继电器触点根据组合需要进行短接电阻达到目标电阻的输出,每位电阻单元组合对应的1~9权位的选择输出,百位继电器组输出(1~9)×10 2 Ω的电阻,十位继电器组输出(1~9)×10 1 Ω的电阻,个位继电器组输出(1~9)×10 0 Ω的电阻,十分位继电器组输出(1~9)×10 -1 Ω的电阻,并且分别有对应固定的继电器触点的闭合组合,每一次电阻量值的输出统计出电阻输出回路上多少处继电器处于闭合状态,最终电阻的组合输出电阻值将减去继电器闭合触点的累计总电阻值;1. A method of combining a given output resistance value in series and parallel, which is characterized in that: the given resistance is combined by resistors in hundreds, tens, units and tenths, and each of the ones and tenths of the resistance combination is The resistor units are all made of 5 resistors of the same specification and resistance value deviation connected in parallel. The resistance value deviation of each resistor is ± 0.01Ω; at least 4 200Ω and 1 100Ω resistor units are used at intervals of 100Ω. Connect in series to form a hundred-digit resistor combination with an arithmetic sequence resistance of 0Ω to 900Ω; with an interval of 10Ω, at least four 20Ω and one 10Ω resistor units are connected in series to form an access circuit with a range of 0Ω to 900Ω. A ten-digit resistor combination with an arithmetic series resistance of 90Ω; with an interval of 1Ω, at least four resistor units of 2Ω and 1 are connected in series to form a single-digit resistor with an arithmetic series resistance value of 0Ω to 9Ω that is connected to the circuit. Combination; with an interval of 0.1Ω, at least four 0.2Ω and one 0.1Ω resistor units are connected in series to form a tenth resistor combination with an arithmetic sequence resistance of 0Ω to 0.9Ω connected to the circuit; forming a hundred's digit , the maximum value of the tens, units and tenth place resistor combinations is added, the maximum value is 900+90+9+0.9=999.9Ω, and the minimum resolution is 0.1Ω resistor given device, and each adjacent two Between the series resistors, there are double-pole double switches connected in parallel on the series lines to switch on the relay, so as to realize the short-circuiting of the parallel resistor R contact and closing the contact resistance by half, corresponding to the selected output of 1 to 9, each time the resistance value The output of the variable resistor microcontroller system counts the number of relay short contacts on the resistance output loop, and the combined output resistance value will subtract the cumulative total resistance value of the relay closed contacts; the variable resistor is controlled by the microcontroller system, and the microcontroller calculates it through software The number of relay short contacts is used to correct the given resistance value; when outputting any resistance value from 0 to 999.9Ω, the hundreds digit relay group, tens digit relay group, units digit relay group, and tenth digit relay contacts are short-circuited according to the combination needs. When the resistance reaches the target resistance output, each resistor unit combination corresponds to the selection output of 1 to 9 weight bits, the hundreds digit relay group outputs (1 to 9) × 10 2 Ω resistance, and the tens digit relay group outputs (1 to 9) ×10 1 Ω resistance, the units relay group outputs (1~9)×10 0 Ω resistance, and the tenth place relay group outputs (1~9) For the closed combination of points, the output of each resistance value counts how many relays on the resistance output loop are in the closed state. The final combined output resistance value of the resistance will be subtracted from the cumulative total resistance value of the relay closed contacts; 单片机控制可变电阻器的给定阻值输出,单片机的一路异步、全双工串口UART0输出RS485信号,通过单片机D1的控制线P0 .4、P0 .5端口和信号方向控制端P1 .7,经过低功耗收发器D2输出RS485信号,低功耗收发器D2通过输出端并联电阻R21连接上位计算机,将RS485信号送入上位计算机;The microcontroller controls the given resistance output of the variable resistor. One asynchronous, full-duplex serial port UART0 of the microcontroller outputs an RS485 signal through the control line P0.4 and P0.5 port of the microcontroller D1 and the signal direction control terminal P1.7. The RS485 signal is output through the low-power transceiver D2. The low-power transceiver D2 is connected to the host computer through the parallel resistor R21 at the output end and sends the RS485 signal to the host computer; 单片机D1通过低功耗收发器D2接收上位计算机的目标电阻值输入指令,当驱动器各自的5位输出端出现低电平时,与低电平相连的继电器将形成电路回路使继电器得电,则继电器动作,继电器动作,则对应继电器的常开触点将闭合,该继电器动作将使其触点接通,继电器触点控制电阻单元接入或退出输出电阻回路。The microcontroller D1 receives the target resistance value input command from the host computer through the low-power transceiver D2. When the driver's respective 5-bit output terminal appears low level, the relay connected to the low level will form a circuit loop to energize the relay. If the relay acts, the normally open contact of the corresponding relay will close. The relay action will connect its contacts, and the relay contacts control the resistance unit to enter or exit the output resistance loop. 2.如权利要求1所述的串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,其特征在于:百位电阻组合是由4个200Ω与1个100Ω的电阻单元串联组成0Ω~900Ω的电阻组合;将百位上的100Ω的电阻单元上的继电器触点断开则该100Ω的电阻单元接入串联结构组成输出电阻。2. The method of combining series and parallel combinations of given output resistance values as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hundred-digit resistance combination is a resistance combination of 0Ω~900Ω composed of four 200Ω and one 100Ω resistance units connected in series; When the relay contact on the 100Ω resistor unit on the hundreds digit is disconnected, the 100Ω resistor unit is connected to the series structure to form an output resistance. 3.如权利要求2所述的串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,其特征在于:若将100Ω的电阻单元上的继电器触点闭合,则该100Ω的电阻单元相当于短路为0Ω,则其100Ω未接入串联结构组成输出电阻。3. The method for combining a given output resistance value in series and parallel as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: if the relay contact on the 100Ω resistance unit is closed, then the 100Ω resistance unit is equivalent to a short circuit of 0Ω, then Its 100Ω is not connected to the series structure to form an output resistance. 4.如权利要求3所述的串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,其特征在于:将百位上的4个200Ω形成的线路上的继电器触点进行断开或接通,把对应的200Ω电阻单元接入或脱离串联结构组成输出电阻;对其上的多组继电器触点的断开或接通进行组合,得到0Ω~900Ω的电阻组合,或构成称为差值为100Ω、量程为0Ω~900Ω的等差数列阻值。4. The method for combining a given output resistance value in series and parallel as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: disconnecting or connecting the relay contacts on the line formed by four 200Ω on the hundreds digit, and connecting the corresponding The 200Ω resistance unit is connected or disconnected from the series structure to form an output resistance; the disconnection or connection of multiple sets of relay contacts on it is combined to obtain a resistance combination of 0Ω to 900Ω, or a combination called a difference of 100Ω and a range of Arithmetic sequence resistance value from 0Ω to 900Ω. 5.如权利要求1所述的串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,其特征在于:当跨接在电阻R5、R10、R15、R20上的继电器的触点K31B、K31C、K32B、K32C、K21B、K21C、K22B、K22C、K11B、K11C、K12B、K12C、K01B、K01C、K02B、K02C接通时,RHi与RLo两端输出的电阻值理论值为最小值0Ω;当跨接在电阻器上的继电器的触点全部断开时,RHi与RLo两端输出的电阻值为最大值999.9Ω。5. The method for combining series and parallel combinations of given output resistance values as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the contacts K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C, When K21B, K21C, K22B, K22C, K11B, K11C, K12B, K12C, K01B, K01C, K02B, K02C are connected, the theoretical value of the resistance value output at both ends of RHi and RLo is the minimum value 0Ω; when connected across the resistor When all relay contacts are disconnected, the resistance value output at both ends of RHi and RLo is the maximum value of 999.9Ω. 6.如权利要求1所述的串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,其特征在于:当单片机D1通过低功耗收发器D2接收上位计算机的目标电阻值输入指令,经过单片机的运算,分别形成百位、十位、各位、十分位的控制指令,该百位、十位、各位、十分位的控制指令,并分别进入触发器D3、D5、D7、D9,触发器D3、D5、D7、D9的数据,经过驱动器D4、D6、D8、D10使继电器对应触点分别闭合,得到需要的电阻值输出。6. The method of combining a given output resistance value in series and parallel as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the single-chip computer D1 receives the target resistance value input instruction of the host computer through the low-power transceiver D2, after the operation of the single-chip computer, respectively The control instructions for hundreds, tens, everyone, and tenths are formed, and the control instructions for the hundreds, tens, everyone, and tenths are entered into the flip-flops D3, D5, D7, and D9 respectively, and the flip-flops D3, D5, and D7 , D9 data, through the driver D4, D6, D8, D10, the corresponding contacts of the relay are closed respectively, and the required resistance value output is obtained. 7.如权利要求1所述的串并联组合给定输出电阻值的方法,其特征在于:单片机控制电路接收上位机具体的电阻值输出的控制指令,分解形成百位、十位、各位、十分位电阻值对应的控制指令,该指令转化为数据发给D3、D5、D7、D9锁存器,D3、D5、D7、D9锁存器的数据经过D4、D6、D8、D10驱动器进而确定对应的继电器K31A、K32A、K33A、K34A、K35A、K21A、K22A、K23A、K24A、K25A、K11A、K12A、K13A、K14A、K15A、K01A、K02A、K03A、K04A、K05A是否得电,得电形成电路回路的继电器使其对应的常开触点闭合,该系列常开触点闭合或断开决定了最终输出的电阻值。7. The method for combining a given output resistance value in series and parallel connection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the single-chip microcomputer control circuit receives the specific resistance value output control instructions of the host computer and decomposes them into hundreds, tens, everyone, and tens. The control command corresponding to the bit resistance value is converted into data and sent to the D3, D5, D7, and D9 latches. The data of the D3, D5, D7, and D9 latches pass through the D4, D6, D8, and D10 drivers to determine the corresponding Whether the relays K31A, K32A, K33A, K34A, K35A, K21A, K22A, K23A, K24A, K25A, K11A, K12A, K13A, K14A, K15A, K01A, K02A, K03A, K04A, K05A are energized, they will form a circuit loop. The relay closes its corresponding normally open contact. The closing or opening of the series of normally open contacts determines the final output resistance value.
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