CN109767887A - The series-parallel method for combining given output resistance - Google Patents
The series-parallel method for combining given output resistance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method combining given output resistance in series and parallel disclosed by the invention, it is desirable to provide a kind of given rapid, the method for high, the accurate series-parallel given output resistance of combination of precision.The technical scheme is that: with spacing value for 100 Ω, using the resistance unit of 4 200 Ω and 1 100 Ω, it is composed in series hundred resistance combination bodies of the arithmetic progression resistance value that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~900；With spacing value for 10 Ω, it is composed in series ten resistance combination bodies that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~90 in a manner described；With spacing value for 1 Ω, composition accesses a position resistance combination body that circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~9 in a manner described；With spacing value for 0.1 Ω, composition accesses the tenths resistance combination body that circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~0.9 in a manner described；It is 900+90+9+0.9=999.9 Ω to form maximum value, and the resistance that minimum resolution is 0.1 Ω is given.
Description
Technical field
Present invention is mainly used for the series-parallel methods for combining given output resistance for the test environment for providing resistance signal.
Background technique
Resistor, capacitor and inductor are most common device and type in electronic circuit.Resistor is divided into fixed electricity
Hinder device and variable resistance.Adjustable resistance is a kind of resistance, it can play resistance in electronic circuit, it and general electricity
The resistance value for being a difference in that it of resistance can consecutive variations in a certain range, require resistance value to change and seldom become some
Adjustable resistance can be used in dynamic occasion.For adjustable resistance due to structure and use, rate of breakdown is apparently higher than common electricity
Resistance.Adjustable resistance is various in style, configurations, each customized different.It is to be wound on resistance wire rod to wiring adjustable resistor
On skeleton, the resistor bodies such as circular ring shape or spiral shape are made, are to form resistive film on public substrate to film or thick film adjustable resistance,
Shape is mostly the shape of a hoof, arc-shaped or strip.It is that compression moulding on the base goes out the shape of a hoof or length for synthesizing solid core adjustable resistance
Bar resistor rail.The resistor body of contact adjustable resistance, movable contact are contacted and are slided on it, are slided along resistor body, and draw
The movable contact component of input voltage claims brush or contact to enter brush.Variable resistance is a kind of electromechanical compo, it exists by slide plate
It is slided on resistor body to change the resistance value of resistance.Variable resistance can be divided into rheostat and potentiometer by its purposes, and rheostat is again normal
Frequently referred to adjustable resistance, its main feature is that resistance value can be changed by the position for changing slide plate.Potentiometer is a kind of partial pressure device,
It is slided on resistor body by slide plate, obtains the output voltage with slide plate displacement at certain relationship.Potentiometer also is used as becoming
Device is hindered, as long as centre cap is connected with any one in other bipods, at rheostat.Resistor will carry out when in use
Measurement, sees whether its resistance value is consistent with nominal value.Potentiometer is actually a kind of variable resistance, and above-mentioned a variety of materials can be used
It is made.Potentiometer is usually made of two fixed output ends and a sliding tap.Individual pen, more can be divided by structure potentiometer
Circle；Simply connected, duplex；Belt switch；Locking and non-locking potentiometer.Rotating potentiometer, direct slide electricity can be divided by regulative mode
Position device.In rotating potentiometer, it is linear, exponential, right to be divided into according to the resistance value of potentiometer and the relationship of rotation angle
Numerical expression.Variable resistance is when changing resistance value, since adjustable resistance resistance distributes improper, rotation system mismate and adjustable
There are the reasons such as contact resistance for resistance, movable contact can be made when resistor body surface is mobile, output end goes back companion in addition to having useful signal
Have with the indefinite contact noise of signal fluctuation, resolving power noise and shorting noise, resolving power noise is the rank by resistance variations
Caused by ladder, and shorting noise is generated when movable contact moves on winding and is shorted adjacent turns.For line
For adjustable resistance and linear adjustable resistance, resolving power is that resistance caused by every one circle of movement becomes on winding with movable contact
The percentage of change amount and all-in resistance indicates.For the adjustable resistance with function characteristic, due to the electricity of circle each on winding
Resistance is different, therefore resolving power is a variable.At this point, the resolving power of adjustable resistance refers on function characteristic one section of maximum slope
Average resolution power.Common variable resistance has the forms such as slide rheostat, resistance box, and slide rheostat is by a resistor body
With the variable resistance for partial pressure of a rotation or sliding system composition.Coil is usually coiled by resistance wire, passes through sliding
Slide plate accesses the resistance wire length of circuit to change, to change resistance value.Slide rheostat can change the resistance for being connected into circuit
Size plays the role of continuously changing size of current, but cannot accurately know the resistance value for being connected into circuit.Company is known if necessary
Enter the resistance value of the resistance of circuit it is necessary to use resistance box.Resistance box is the assembly of several definite value precision resistances, they are mounted on
In same case, change the box resistor of its resistance value by conversion equipment, is a kind of adjustable resistance sizes and can show
The rheostat of resistance is shown.This device generallys use ten into disc type (knob) structure, can also use and insert as needed
Hair style and terminal formula structure.Compared with slide rheostat, slide rheostat cannot represent the resistance value for being connected into circuit, but it for it
The resistance in access circuit can continuously be changed.Resistance box can represent the resistance value size being connected into circuit, but change in resistance is
It is discontinuous and quasi- without the variation of slide rheostat value.
In sensor is manufactured and applied, by the variation of tested non electrical quantity (such as displacement, power, acceleration, torque, pressure)
It is converted into the inductance type transducer of the resistance sensor of resistance variations, the capacitance type sensor of capacitance variations and inductance variation
Thinking is that the physical quantity that will need to acquire is converted into corresponding resistance, capacitor and inductance, and output is respectively resistance value, capacitance
And the corresponding change of inductance value.The resistance of the artifical resistance signal of resistance sensor gives desired value generally 0~999.9
Ω, resolution ratio are 0.1 Ω.In its system integration test, such as the joint-trial of resistance sensor and system, corresponding resistor can be used
Carry out the variation of artifical resistance formula sensor, at the same the variation of the resistor or resistance value when setting as it is known that and can simulate
The resistance of any resistance value in range ability is arranged in resistance sensor.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims at, a kind of give is provided and realizes simplicity, it is at low cost, it gives rapidly, precision height is accurately gone here and there simultaneously
The method that connection combines given output resistance.
The present invention is reached by following measures, and a kind of series-parallel method for combining given output resistance has as follows
Technical characteristic: access electricity is composed in series using the resistance unit of 200 Ω and 1 100 Ω of at least four with the spacing value of 100 Ω
Road range is hundred resistance combination bodies of the arithmetic progression resistance value of the Ω of 0 Ω~900；With spacing value for 10 Ω, 20 Ω of at least four
With the resistance unit of 1 10 Ω, it is composed in series ten resistance groups of the arithmetic progression resistance value that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~90
It is fit；With spacing value be 1 Ω, the resistance unit of at least four 2 Ω and 1 be composed in series access circuit range for the Ω of 0 Ω~9 etc.
A position resistance combination body of difference series resistance value electricity；With spacing value for 0.1 Ω, the resistance unit of 0.2 Ω and 1 0.1 Ω of at least four
It is composed in series the tenths resistance combination body for the arithmetic progression resistance value that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~0.9；To composition hundred
Position, ten, a position, the addition of tenths resistance combination maximum value, maximum value is 900+90+9+0.9=999.9 Ω, and minimum is divided
Resolution is the resistance setter of 0.1 Ω, and has between each two adjacent series resistances and be spaced parallel connection in series line
Double-pole ganged switch is switched on relay, to realize that being shorted parallel resistance R contact closure contact resistance halves, corresponding 1~9
Selection output, the defeated of impedance magnitude counts relay on resistance output loop by variable resistance SCM system each time
Short number of connections, combination output resistance will subtract the accumulative total resistance value of relay closure contact.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with the prior art.
It realizes simple.The present invention is using hundred bit serial resistance groups, ten bit serial resistance groups, a bit serial resistance group, very
The cascaded structure of bit serial resistance group forms output resistance, is combined using hundred, ten, a position, tenths separate mode,
Reach required resistance by the tandem compound of resistance, extra resistance be shorted using relay contact and realizes target resistance, by after
Electric appliance double-pole parallel connection realizes that the relay contact contact resistance being shorted at resistance halves, and in each of series resistance group, obtains
Target resistance values, every group of any resistance value with 0~999.99 Ω of less series resistance group acquisition are realized simple.In same essence
Many resources can be saved under the conditions of degree.Meanwhile resistance adjusting is carried out, it can be achieved that intelligence by external digital control device
Change adjusting resistance values, resistance is adjusted more efficient, can be to avoid damage route.
It is at low cost.The present invention completes variable resistance by the way of resistor combination, especially high-precision and it is low at
There is advantage in sheet.The resistance of above-mentioned resistance value deviation is goods shelf products, is not required to individually customize, and need to only be provided using resistance producer
Shelf resistance XJ3 type precision wire-wound resistor.Adjustment is simply, conveniently.Every series resistance group is handed over according to overgauge and minus deviation
For installation, the magnitude output of more preferable accuracy can get, it is only necessary to carry out simple secondary apolegamy, workload is small.
It is given rapid.The present invention export 0~999.99 Ω any resistance value when, hundred, ten, a position, tenths after
Appliance contact carries out the output that short circuit resistance reaches target resistance according to combination, and every resistance unit combination corresponds to 1~9
Output is selected, there is the closure combination of the relay contact of corresponding fixation, the statistics available electricity out of the output of impedance magnitude each time respectively
How much locate relay on resistance output loop and be in closed state, the combination output resistance of final resistance subtracts relay closure touching
The accumulative total resistance value of point gives and realizes simplicity, is swift in response, and has good resistance stability, lesser resistance temperature system
Several and noise elimination sound.It is controlled by single-chip microcontroller, single-chip microcontroller is connected by serial RS485 bus with host computer, and host computer is given
Target resistance values out, resistance output reach stabilization and complete in 0.3s.Each resistance permutation and combination is just matched negatively.According to resistance value
Overgauge and minus deviation are alternately installed, and obtain the resistance value magnitude output of more preferable accuracy, gamut precision and accuracy are still
Think ± 0.025%, gamut precision and accuracy are still constant better than 0.25 Ω.This needs to carry out postsearch screening and pairing, work
Work amount is relatively small.
Precision is high.The present invention reaches required resistance by the tandem compound of resistance, maximum using each group of series resistance group
Value carries out being added composition maximum value being 999.9 Ω, and minimum resolution is that 0.1 Ω forms resistance setter, with various combination
More resistor coupled in parallel modes of mode improve precision；And it is all parallel with and adopts on each group of 4 series resistance spaced series lines
The relay connected with double-pole, relay double-pole parallel connection realize that the relay contact contact resistance being shorted at resistance R halves, every
Resistance unit respectively corresponds the closure of fixed relay contact, and corresponding 1~9 selection output reduces contact contact resistance, this
The serial and parallel switching circuit that kind is connected using the two keys relay contact of bridging on a resistor, can make to be shorted the relay at resistance
Device contact contact resistance halves, and resistance≤0.015 Ω at contact short circuit, flexibility is very high, and gamut resistance value can be improved
Output accuracy, accuracy is high.Within the scope of 0~999.9 Ω, resolution ratio is 0.1 Ω, if hundred, ten bit combinations acquisition, 990 Ω
Resistance value output, relay disconnects entirely, and resistance deviation at this time is exactly the maximum deviation of this hundred, ten bit combinations, i.e., 10 ×
(± 0.002%)=± 0.02%.In summary, when obtaining the resistance value output of 999.9 Ω, maximum resistance deviation at this time
It is: 990 × (± 0.02%)+(± 0.02 Ω)=(± 0.198)+(± 0.02)=± 0.218 Ω.Meet resistance value range
In 0~999.9 Ω, resolution ratio is 0.1 Ω, and gamut precision and accuracy are better than 0.25 Ω, i.e. gamut precision and accurate
Degree ± 0.025%.Hundred of series resistance group, ten every resistance units are all made of by 5 same sizes and resistance value deviation
Resistance carry out in parallel, the resistance value deviation of each resistance is ± 0.01%, then the resistance value maximum deviation of every resistance unit reduces
For ± 0.01%/5=± 0.002%；Under the control of external numerical control device, according to short number of connections, to output resistance
Value is modified, and the resistance value that resistance basic unit may be implemented is zero resistance value or fixed resistance value, also, when resistance unit resistance value is
When fixed resistance value, the fixed resistance value of resistance unit is different, and resistance arranges positive and negative matching and improves precision, realizes that low cost is high-precision
Degree.In this way, can easily provide 2N certain models by external digital control device in the electronic circuit of intelligent equipment
Interior any resistance value is enclosed, it is convenient to digital control resistance is carried out in the application of circuit board group, conveniently needing variable resistance
Application in realize automation, meanwhile, the adjustable resistance of high-precision can be designed.
Variable resistance output is accurate, and the present invention is by calculating the short number of connections of relay, the software checking book pair of single-chip microcontroller
Relay contact quantity is answered, can be modified to resistance value is provided.Any resistance value of 0~999.99 Ω is exported in this device
When, hundred, ten, a position, tenths relay contact according to combination carry out short circuit resistance reach the defeated of target resistance
Out, every resistance unit combines corresponding 1~9 selection output, there is the closure combination of the relay contact of corresponding fixation respectively,
How much locate relay on the statistics available resistance output loop out of the output of impedance magnitude each time and is in closed state, final resistance
Combination output resistance will subtract the accumulative total resistance value of relay closure contact, can further decrease shorting contact electricity in this way
Resistance.In addition, realizing that the relay contact contact resistance being shorted at resistance halves by relay double-pole parallel connection.In resistance combination
Each, for obtain target resistance values, that is, be less than or equal to 9 multiplied by 10 correspondence position certain power, need using relay touch
Point is shorted extra resistance value.Extra resistance is shorted using relay contact and realizes target resistance, such as resistance combination of position, is led to
The relay contact for crossing a resistance combination is shorted the selection output that combination realizes 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9.Together
Resistance at Shi Youhua sections of short circuits, by using two group relay contact shunts so that contact resistance halves, relay single contact
Maximum resistance value is 0.03 Ω, and after two group relay contact shunts, resistance≤0.015 Ω, be can reduce at contact short circuit
Shorting contact resistance, to improve the output accuracy of final resistance value.
Hundred bit serial resistance group resistance unit R1~R5 are alternately installed according to resistance value overgauge and minus deviation, are obtained more
The resistance value magnitude of good accuracy exports；Ten bit serial resistance group R6~R10, a bit serial resistance group R11~R15, tenths
Series resistance group R16~R20, the same to R1~R5 resistance unit resistance value overgauge of each resistance unit and minus deviation are alternately installed, are obtained
Obtain the resistance value magnitude output of more preferable accuracy.
Each resistance combination resistance arranges positive and negative matching, alternately installs, is obtained more according to resistance value overgauge and minus deviation
The resistance value magnitude of good accuracy exports, and gamut precision and accuracy still think ± 0.025%, gamut precision and accurate
Degree is still constant better than 0.25 Ω.And in this way, the available accuracy of resistance value is improved on entire route, this needs to carry out secondary sieve
Choosing and pairing, workload are relatively small.Furthermore high-resistance precision is proposed by more resistor coupled in parallel.Resistance is given by hundred, ten
Position, a position, tenths resistance be combined, a position of resistance combination, every resistance unit of tenths are all made of by 5 phases
Same specification and the resistance of resistance value deviation carry out in parallel, and the resistance value deviation of each resistance is ± 0.01 Ω, then every resistance unit
Resistance value maximum deviation is reduced to ± 0.002 Ω of ± 0.01 Ω/5=；If the resistance value that a position, very bit combination obtain 9.9 Ω is defeated
Out, relay disconnects entirely, and resistance deviation at this time is exactly the maximum deviation of this position, very bit combination, i.e., and 10 × (± 0.002
Ω)=± 0.02 Ω.Hundred of resistance combination, ten every resistance units are all made of by 5 same sizes and resistance value deviation
Resistance carry out in parallel, the resistance value deviation of each resistance is ± 0.01%, then the resistance value maximum deviation of every resistance unit reduces
For ± 0.01%/5=± 0.002%；If hundred, ten bit combinations obtain the resistance value output of 990 Ω, relay disconnects entirely, this
When resistance deviation be exactly this hundred, ten bit combinations maximum deviation, i.e., 10 × (± 0.002%)=± 0.02%.In synthesis
It states, when obtaining the resistance value output of 999.9 Ω, maximum resistance deviation is at this time: 990 × (± 0.02%)+(± 0.02
Ω)=(± 0.198)+(± 0.02)=± 0.218 Ω.Meeting resistance value range in 0~999.9 Ω, resolution ratio is 0.1 Ω,
Its gamut precision and accuracy are better than 0.25 Ω, i.e. gamut precision and accuracy ± 0.025%.In this way can with it is lower at
This resistance obtains the resistance of higher price.
Strong antijamming capability.Data transmission of the present invention is communicated using RS485 with host computer.Single-chip microcontroller it is different all the way
The RS485 bus of step, full duplex serial port electrical connection host computer, host computer pass through the given dress of the RS485 bus addressing resistance
It sets, required electricity, strong antijamming capability is reached by the tandem compound of resistance.The resistance of the artifical resistance signal of resistance sensor
For given desired value generally in 0~999.9 Ω, resolution ratio is 0.1 Ω, and gamut precision and accuracy are better than 0.25 Ω, i.e., entirely
Range accuracy and accuracy ± 0.025%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of the series-parallel method resistance combination for combining given output resistance of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the alternative embodiment circuit diagram of Fig. 1 resistance value typical case's corresponding relationship.
Fig. 3 is microcontroller communication, control and the driving circuit figure of resistance card.
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of variable resistance SCM system.
Fig. 5 be hundred resistance combinations constitute differences be 100 Ω, the principle for the arithmetic progression resistance value that range is the Ω of 0 Ω~900
Figure.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.
Specific embodiment
Refering to fig. 1.According to the present invention, with the spacing value of 100 Ω, using the resistance list of 200 Ω and 1 100 Ω of at least four
Member is composed in series hundred resistance combination bodies of the arithmetic progression resistance value that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~900；It is with spacing value
10 Ω, the resistance unit of 20 Ω and 1 10 Ω of at least four are composed in series the arithmetic progression that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~90
Ten resistance combination bodies of resistance value；With spacing value for 1 Ω, the resistance unit of at least four 2 Ω and 1 is composed in series access amount of circuitry
Journey is a position resistance combination body of the arithmetic progression resistance value electricity of the Ω of 0 Ω~9；With spacing value for 0.1 Ω, at least 4 0.2 Ω and 1
The resistance unit of a 0.1 Ω is composed in series the tenths resistance group for the arithmetic progression resistance value that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~0.9
It is fit；To composition hundred, ten, a position, the addition of tenths resistance combination maximum value, maximum value 900+90+9+0.9=
999.9 Ω, and minimum resolution is the resistance setter of 0.1 Ω, and has string between each two adjacent series resistances
It is spaced double-pole ganged switch in parallel on line and is switched on relay, is shorted parallel resistance R contact closure contact electricity to realize
Resistance halves, and corresponding 1~9 selection output, the defeated of impedance magnitude counts resistance by variable resistance SCM system each time
The short number of connections of relay on output loop, combination output resistance will subtract the accumulative total resistance value of relay closure contact.
Hundred bit serial resistance groups, ten bit serial resistance groups, a bit serial resistance group, the cascaded structure composition of tenths series resistance group are defeated
Resistance out.Hundred bit serial resistance groups are to be composed in series the Ω of 0 Ω~900 by R1~R5 resistance unit of 4 200 Ω and 1 100 Ω
The series resistance group of (spacing value is 100 Ω) constitutes the basic boom of resistance card resistance value output；Ten hyte series resistance groups are
R11~R15 of the Ω of 0 Ω~90 (spacing value is 10 Ω) is composed in series by R6~R10 resistance unit of 4 20 Ω and 1 10 Ω
Series resistance group constitutes the basic boom of resistance card resistance value output；A hyte series resistance is by 42 Ω and 11 Ω
The series resistance group that resistance unit is composed in series the Ω of 0 Ω~9 (spacing value is 1 Ω) constitutes the basic structure of resistance card resistance value output
Frame；Very hyte series resistance is to be composed in series the Ω of 0 Ω~0.9 by R16~R20 resistance unit of 4 0.2 Ω and 1 0.1 Ω
The series resistance group of (spacing value is 0.1 Ω) constitutes the basic boom of resistance card resistance value output.Again by hundred, ten, a position,
The maximum value of the group series resistance group resistance value of tenths carries out addition 900+90+9+0.9=999.9, that is, constitutes maximum value and be
999.9 Ω, and minimum resolution is the resistance setter of 0.1 Ω.
Hundred, ten, a position, the combination of each of tenths it is identical, such as hundred resistance combinations.Hundred resistance groups
Conjunction is that the resistance group of the Ω of 0 Ω~900 (spacing value is 100 Ω) is composed in series by the resistance unit of 4 200 Ω and 1 100 Ω
It closes；The resistance unit that relay contact on the resistance unit of 100 Ω on hundred disconnects then 100 Ω is accessed into cascaded structure
Output resistance is formed, if the resistance unit of 100 Ω is equivalent to by the relay contact closure on the resistance unit of 100 Ω
Short circuit is 0 Ω, then its 100 Ω does not access cascaded structure composition output resistance.The line that other 4 200 Ω on hundred are formed
The relay contact of road is turned off or is connected, this can access corresponding 200 Ω resistance unit or be detached from cascaded structure group
At output resistance；The open or closed of multiple groups relay contact thereon is combined, the available (interval the Ω of 0 Ω~900
It is worth and is known as the arithmetic progression resistance value that difference is 100 Ω, range is the Ω of 0 Ω~900 for the resistance combination of 100 Ω), or composition.
When the contact K31B, K31C for the relay being connected across on resistance R5, R10, R15, R20, K32B, K32C, K21B,
When K21C, K22B, K22C, K11B, K11C, K12B, K12C, K01B, K01C, K02B, K02C are connected, RHi and the both ends RLo are defeated
Resistance value theoretical value out is 0 Ω of minimum value.
When the contact of the relay of bridging on a resistor is all off, the resistance value of RHi and the output of the both ends RLo is most
999.9 Ω of big value.
When the contact of the relay of bridging on a resistor is selectively open or closed as needed, RHi and RLo
The resistance value of both ends output is a certain resistance value in 0~999.9 Ω, and the minimum change of resistance is 0.1 Ω.
The contact of the relay of bridging on a resistor is all made of double-pole connection, can make to be shorted the relay contact at resistance
Contact resistance halves, resistance≤0.015 Ω at contact short circuit, to improve the output accuracy of final resistance value.
The resistance of above-mentioned resistance value deviation is goods shelf products, need to only use resistance producer qualified products.
To obtain target resistance values, need to be shorted extra resistance value using relay contact, in the every of series resistance group
One, that is, be less than or equal to 9 multiplied by 10 correspondence position certain power, extra resistance is shorted using relay contact and realizes target electricity
Resistance, such as the series resistance group of position are shorted combination by the relay contact of a bit serial resistance group and realize 1 Ω or 2 Ω or 3
Ω or 4 Ω or 5 Ω or 6 Ω or 7 Ω or 8 Ω or 9 Ω selection output.Optimize the resistance at section short circuit simultaneously, by using two groups
Relay contact is in parallel so that contact resistance halves, and relay single contact maximum resistance value is 0.03 Ω, using two group relays
After device contact shunt, resistance≤0.015 Ω at contact short circuit, to improve the output accuracy of final resistance value.
Resistance is given by hundred bit serial resistance groups, ten bit serial resistance groups, a bit serial resistance group, tenths series resistance
The resistance of group is combined, and a position of series resistance group, every resistance unit of tenths series resistance group are all made of by 5 phases
Same specification and the resistance of resistance value deviation carry out in parallel, and the resistance value deviation of each resistance is ± 0.01 Ω, then every resistance unit
Resistance value maximum deviation is reduced to ± 0.002 Ω of ± 0.01 Ω/5=；If a position, the combination of tenths series resistance group obtain 9.9 Ω
Resistance value output, relay disconnects entirely, and resistance deviation at this time is exactly the maximum deviation of this position, very bit combination, i.e., 10
× (± 0.002 Ω)=± 0.02 Ω.
This variable resistance is controlled by SCM system, and single-chip microcontroller calculates the short number of connections of relay by software, to giving
Resistance value is modified out.Export 0~999.9 Ω any resistance value when, hundred relay groups, ten relay groups, a position after
Electric appliance group, tenths relay contact carry out the output that short circuit resistance reaches target resistance, every resistance list according to combination
Member combines the selection output of corresponding 1~9 power and position, and hundred relay groups export (1~9) × 102The resistance of Ω, ten relays
Group output (1~9) × 101The resistance of Ω, a relay group export (1~9) × 100The resistance of Ω, tenths relay group are defeated
(1~9) × 10 out-1The resistance of Ω.There is the closure combination of the relay contact of corresponding fixation respectively, each time impedance magnitude
Export it is statistics available go out resistance output loop on how much locate relay and be in closed state, the combination output resistance general of final resistance
Subtract the accumulative total resistance value of relay closure contact.
Refering to Fig. 2.To improve precision, pass through the typical corresponding relationship of each resistance unit resistance value of more resistor coupled in parallel
Alternative embodiment in, the R1 in corresponding diagram 1, the 200 Ω resistance for being different in R1 are obtained by 5 1000 Ω resistor coupled in parallel
?；Other same each resistance are that such constitute obtains.Resistance unit R1~R10 is all made of the high-accuracy Alloy Foil of RJ711 type
The combination resistance value of resistance, every resistance unit of R1~R4 is 200 Ω, and every resistance unit of R1~R4 is by 5 resistance values 1000
The resistor coupled in parallel acquisition of Ω, resistance value tolerance ± 0.01%；The combination resistance value of R5 resistance unit is 100 Ω, by 5 resistance values
The resistor coupled in parallel acquisition of 500 Ω, resistance value tolerance ± 0.01%.The combination resistance value of every resistance unit of R6~R9 is 20 Ω,
Every resistance unit of R6~R9 is obtained by the resistor coupled in parallel of 5 100 Ω of resistance value, resistance value tolerance ± 0.01%；R10 electricity
The combination resistance value for hindering unit is 10 Ω, is obtained by the resistor coupled in parallel of 5 50 Ω of resistance value, resistance value tolerance ± 0.01%.
R11~R20 is all made of RXJ3 type precision wire-wound resistor, and the combination resistance value of every resistance unit of R11~R14 is 2
Every resistance unit of Ω, R11~R14 is obtained by the resistor coupled in parallel of 5 10 Ω of resistance value, ± 0.01 Ω of resistance value tolerance；
The combination resistance value of R15 resistance unit is 1 Ω, is obtained by the resistor coupled in parallel of 55 Ω of resistance value, ± 0.01 Ω of resistance value tolerance.
The combination resistance value of every resistance unit of R16~R19 is 0.2 Ω, and every resistance unit of R16~R19 is by 51 Ω of resistance value, resistance values
The resistor coupled in parallel of ± 0.01 Ω of tolerance obtains；The combination resistance value of R20 resistance unit be 0.1 Ω, by 5 0.5 Ω of resistance value,
The resistor coupled in parallel of ± 0.01 Ω of resistance value tolerance obtains.
Refering to Fig. 3.Single-chip microcontroller controls the given resistance value output of variable resistance, wherein single-chip microcontroller D1 can be using such as type
Number be C8051F310 single-chip microcontroller, low-power consumption transceiver D2 can use model MAX485ESA low-power consumption transceiver, touching
Model 74HC273 trigger can be used by sending out device D3, D5, D7, D9, and driver D4, D6, D8, D10 can use model
The driver of MC1413P (BP).The asynchronous all the way of single-chip microcontroller, full duplex serial port UART0 export RS485 signal, pass through single-chip microcontroller
The port control line P0.4, P0.5 of D1 and sense control terminal P1.7 export RS485 signal by low-power consumption transceiver D2,
Low-power consumption transceiver D2 is sent into host computer by output end parallel resistance R21 connection host computer, by RS485 signal.
Single-chip microcontroller D1 inputs instruction by the target resistance values that low-power consumption transceiver D2 receives host computer.The control line of single-chip microcontroller D1
P1.2, P1.3, P1.4, P1.5 are separately connected the clock end CLK of trigger D3, D5, D7, D9, the simultaneously mouth line P2 of single-chip microcontroller, point
Not Wei P2.0, P2.1, P2.2, P2.3, P2.4, P2.5, P2.6, P2.7, while 8 connect in trigger D3, D5, D7, D9 are defeated
Enter end, 5 output lines of trigger D3, D5, D7, D9 distinguish 5 input terminals of driver connected D4, D6, D8, D10.Work as driver
When respective 5 output ends of D4, D6, D8, D10 are if there is low level, the relay being connected with low level will form circuit and return
It is electric that road obtains relay, then the actuating of relay, the actuating of relay, then the normally opened contact for corresponding to relay will be closed, the relay
Movement will be such that its contact connects, and guarantee the resistance unit access of relay contact control in Fig. 1 or exit output resistance circuit.Such as
1 foot of D4 is high level, then 16 feet of D4 are reversed low level, which connects the negative terminal in K31A relay, relay
The positive electricity of anode band+12V itself, at this time the relay energized action, the normally opened contact K31B and K31C on the relay are closed
It closes, resistance R5 related with K31C with K31B is short-circuited, this 100 Ω resistance value of R5 is not accessed entire resistance loop.Route returns
Whether other resistance values of road access entire resistance loop, also depend on related normally opened contact adjacent thereto whether connect or
It disconnects.
Hundred relay groups are controlled by K31A, K32A, K33A, K34A, K35A relay, K31A relay control K31B,
The on-off of the contact K31C, equally, K32A relay control the on-off of the contact K32B, K32C, the control of K33A relay
The on-off of the contact K33B, K33C, the on-off of the K34A relay control contact K34B, K34C, K35A relay control K35B,
The on-off of the contact K35C.
Ten relay groups are controlled by K21A, K22A, K23A, K24A, K25A relay, K21A relay control K21B,
The on-off of the contact K21C, equally, K22A relay control the on-off of the contact K22B, K22C, the control of K23A relay
The on-off of the contact K23B, K23C, the on-off of the K24A relay control contact K24B, K24C, K25A relay control K25B,
The on-off of the contact K25C.
A relay group is controlled by K11A, K12A, K13A, K14A, K15A relay, K11A relay control K11B,
The on-off of the contact K11C, equally, K12A relay control the on-off of the contact K12B, K12C, the control of K13A relay
The on-off of the contact K13B, K13C, the on-off of the K14A relay control contact K14B, K14C, K15A relay control K15B,
The on-off of the contact K15C.
Tenths relay group is controlled by K01A, K02A, K03A, K04A, K05A relay, the control of K01A relay
The on-off of the contact K01B, K01C, equally, K02A relay control the on-off of the contact K02B, K02C, K03A relay control
The on-off of the contact K03B, K03C processed, K04A relay control the on-off of the contact K04B, K04C, the control of K05A relay
The on-off of the contact K05B, K05C.
When variable resistance SCM system controls work, when single-chip microcontroller D1 receives upper meter by low-power consumption transceiver D2
The target resistance values of calculation machine input instruction, by the operation of single-chip microcontroller, are respectively formed hundred, ten, everybody, the control of tenths
Instruction, this hundred, ten, everybody, the control instruction of tenths respectively enter trigger D3, D5, D7, D9, trigger D3, D5,
The data of D7, D9 make relay correspond to contact to be respectively closed by driver D4, D6, D8, D10, and the resistance value needed is defeated
Out.The entire time for receiving, handling, exporting completes in 0.3s, and wherein the motion stabilization of relay is completed in 0.1s.
Refering to Fig. 4.Single chip machine controlling circuit receives the control instruction of the specific resistance value output of host computer, is decomposed to form hundred
Position, ten, everybody, the corresponding control instruction of tenths resistance value, it is that data issue D3, D5, D7, D9 latch that this is instruction morphing
Device, the data of D3, D5, D7, D9 latch by D4, D6, D8, D10 driver and then determine make corresponding relay K31A,
K32A、K33A、K34A、K35A、K21A、K22A、K23A、K24A、K25A、K11A、 K12A、K13A、K14A、K15A、K01A、
K02A, K03A, K04A, K05A whether it is electric, the relay for obtaining electric forming circuit loop makes its corresponding normally opened contact closure, should
Serial normally opened contact closing or opening determines the resistance value of final output.
Refering to Fig. 5.Hundred resistance combinations constitute differences be 100 Ω, the arithmetic progression resistance value that range is the Ω of 0 Ω~900
Schematic diagram.For the figure as representing, ten resistance combinations, a resistance combination, tenths resistance combination are also such.
In figure, the crucial relay contact of each group of resistance value output is:
K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C normally opened contact closure, output resistance are 0 Ω；
K31B, K31C normally opened contact disconnect, and K32B, K32C normally opened contact closure, output resistance are 100 Ω；
K31B, K31C, K33B, K33C normally opened contact closure, K32B, K32C normally opened contact disconnect, and output resistance is 200 Ω；
K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C normally opened contact disconnect, and K33B, K33C normally opened contact closure, output resistance are 300 Ω；
K31B, K31C, K34B, K34C normally opened contact closure, K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C normally opened contact disconnect, output resistance
For 400 Ω；
K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C normally opened contact disconnect, K34B, K34C normally opened contact closure, output resistance
For 500 Ω；
K31B, K31C, K35B, K35C normally opened contact closure, K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C, K34B, K34C normally opened contact are disconnected
It opens, output resistance is 600 Ω；
K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C, K34B, K34C normally opened contact disconnect, and K35B, K35C normally opened contact close
It closes, output resistance is 700 Ω；
K31B, K31C normally opened contact closure, K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C, K34B, K34C, K35B, K35C normally opened contact are disconnected
It opens, output resistance is 800 Ω；
K31B, K31C, K32B, K32C, K33B, K33C, K34B, K34C, K35B, K35C normally opened contact disconnect, and output resistance is
900Ω。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, anyone can obtain other various forms under the inspiration of the present invention
Product, however, making any variation, without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, root in its shape or structure
According to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, various replacements and change are made, protection scope of the present invention should all be included in.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of series-parallel method for combining given output resistance, has following technical characteristic: with the spacing value of 100 Ω, adopting
With the resistance unit of 200 Ω and 1 100 Ω of at least four, it is composed in series the arithmetic progression that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~900
Hundred resistance combination bodies of resistance value；With spacing value for 10 Ω, the resistance unit of 20 Ω and 1 10 Ω of at least four is composed in series and connects
Enter ten resistance combination bodies of the arithmetic progression resistance value that circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~90；With spacing value for 1 Ω, 2 Ω of at least four
Resistance unit with 1 is composed in series a position resistance combination body for the arithmetic progression resistance value electricity that access circuit range is the Ω of 0 Ω~9；
With spacing value be 0.1 Ω, the resistance unit of 0.2 Ω and 1 0.1 Ω of at least four be composed in series access circuit range for 0 Ω~
The tenths resistance combination body of the arithmetic progression resistance value of 0.9 Ω；To composition hundred, ten, a position, tenths resistance combination most
Big value is added, and maximum value is 900+90+9+0.9=999.9 Ω, and minimum resolution is the resistance setter of 0.1 Ω, and
There is the double-pole ganged switch for being spaced parallel connection in series line to be switched on relay between each two adjacent series resistances, with reality
It is now shorted parallel resistance R contact closure contact resistance to halve, corresponding 1~9 selection output, impedance magnitude is defeated by can each time
Variohm SCM system counts the short number of connections of relay on resistance output loop, combination output resistance will subtract after
The accumulative total resistance value of electric appliance closure contact.
2. the as described in claim 1 series-parallel method for combining given output resistance, it is characterised in that: each adjacent two
There is the double-pole ganged switch for being spaced parallel connection in series line to be switched on relay between a series resistance, is shorted electricity in parallel to realize
Resistance R contact closure contact resistance halves, and corresponding 1~9 selection output, impedance magnitude is defeated by variable resistance monolithic each time
Machine system statistics go out the short number of connections of relay on resistance output loop, and combination output resistance will subtract relay closure contact
Accumulative total resistance value.
3. the series-parallel method for combining given output resistance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: variohm is by list
The control of piece machine system, single-chip microcontroller calculate the short number of connections of relay by software, are modified to resistance value is provided；Output 0~
When any resistance value of 999.9 Ω, hundred relay groups, ten relay groups, a relay group, tenths relay contact root
The output that short circuit resistance reaches target resistance is carried out according to combination, every resistance unit combines the selection of corresponding 1~9 power and position
Output, hundred relay groups export (1~9) × 102The resistance of Ω, ten relay groups export (1~9) × 101The resistance of Ω,
A relay group exports (1~9) × 100The resistance of Ω, tenths relay group export (1~9) × 10-1The resistance of Ω, and
And having the closure combination of the relay contact of corresponding fixation respectively, the output of impedance magnitude counts resistance output loop each time
Upper how many places relay is in closed state, and the combination output resistance of final resistance will subtract the accumulative of relay closure contact
Total resistance value.
4. the series-parallel method for combining given output resistance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: hundred resistance combinations
It is the resistance combination that the Ω of 0 Ω~900 is composed in series by the resistance unit of 4 200 Ω and 1 100 Ω；By 100 Ω on hundred
Resistance unit on relay contact disconnect then 100 Ω resistance unit access cascaded structure form output resistance.
5. the series-parallel method for combining given output resistance as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: if by 100 Ω's
Relay contact closure on resistance unit, then it is 0 Ω that the resistance unit of 100 Ω, which is equivalent to short circuit, then its 100 Ω is not accessed
Cascaded structure forms output resistance.
6. the series-parallel method for combining given output resistance as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: will be another on hundred
The relay contact on route that outer 4 200 Ω are formed is turned off or is connected, the access of corresponding 200 Ω resistance unit or
It is detached from cascaded structure and forms output resistance；The open or closed of multiple groups relay contact thereon is combined, obtain 0 Ω~
The resistance combination of 900 Ω, or constitute the arithmetic progression resistance value for being known as that difference is 100 Ω, range is the Ω of 0 Ω~900.
7. the as described in claim 1 series-parallel method for combining given output resistance, it is characterised in that: when being connected across resistance
Contact K31B, K31C of relay on R5, R10, R15, R20, K32B, K32C, K21B, K21C, K22B, K22C, K11B,
When K11C, K12B, K12C, K01B, K01C, K02B, K02C are connected, the resistance value theoretical value of RHi and the output of the both ends RLo is minimum
0 Ω of value；When the contact of the relay of bridging on a resistor is all off, the resistance value of RHi and the output of the both ends RLo is maximum
999.9 Ω of value.
8. the series-parallel method for combining given output resistance as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: single-chip microcontroller control can
The given resistance value of variohm exports, and low-power consumption transceiver D2 passes through output end parallel resistance R21 connection host computer, monolithic
Machine D1 by low-power consumption transceiver D2 receive host computer target resistance values input instruction, when driver respective 5 it is defeated
When low level occurs in outlet, the relay that is connected with low level will form circuit loop electric, the then actuating of relay that obtains relay,
The actuating of relay, the then normally opened contact for corresponding to relay will be closed, which will be such that its contact connects, relay contact
Output resistance circuit is exited in the access of control resistance unit.
9. the series-parallel method for combining given output resistance as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: when single-chip microcontroller D1 is logical
The target resistance values input instruction that low-power consumption transceiver D2 receives host computer is crossed, by the operation of single-chip microcontroller, is respectively formed
Hundred, ten, everybody, the control instruction of tenths, this hundred, ten, everybody, the control instruction of tenths, and respectively enter
Trigger D3, D5, D7, D9, the data of trigger D3, D5, D7, D9 keep relay corresponding by driver D4, D6, D8, D10
Contact is respectively closed, the resistance value output needed.
10. the series-parallel method for combining given output resistance as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: single-chip microcontroller control
Circuit receives the control instruction of the specific resistance value output of host computer, is decomposed to form hundred, ten, everybody, tenths resistance value
Corresponding control instruction, it is that data issue D3, D5, D7, D9 latch, the data of D3, D5, D7, D9 latch that this is instruction morphing
By D4, D6, D8, D10 driver so that determine corresponding relay K31A, K32A, K33A, K34A, K35A, K21A, K22A,
K23A, K24A, K25A, K11A, K12A, K13A, K14A, K15A, K01A, K02A, K03A, K04A, K05A whether it is electric, obtain electric
The relay for forming circuit loop makes its corresponding normally opened contact closure, which determines finally
The resistance value of output.
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| CN114974769A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-30 | 北京石油化工学院 | Definite value digital potentiometer |
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