CN1638959A - 飞机挡风屏用低色泽硬pvb层压材料 - Google Patents
飞机挡风屏用低色泽硬pvb层压材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1638959A CN1638959A CNA038056682A CN03805668A CN1638959A CN 1638959 A CN1638959 A CN 1638959A CN A038056682 A CNA038056682 A CN A038056682A CN 03805668 A CN03805668 A CN 03805668A CN 1638959 A CN1638959 A CN 1638959A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pvb
- resin
- composition
- softening agent
- color
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 117
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 239000001836 Dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 12
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 4
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEFSTMHERNSDBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dimethylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-ol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CCC1(C)O JEFSTMHERNSDBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOUQAVYLRNOXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C(O)=C1 XOUQAVYLRNOXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAWOKBMIYVCPRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].CC(N)C(O)=O Chemical compound [Na].CC(N)C(O)=O HAWOKBMIYVCPRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium lauryl sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N caproic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ABDBNWQRPYOPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonofluoridic acid Chemical compound OC(F)=O ABDBNWQRPYOPDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical class C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MIOXMKPJKUKMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-M dicyclohexyl(diethyl)azanium;dodecyl sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.C1CCCCC1[N+](CC)(CC)C1CCCCC1 MIOXMKPJKUKMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HXOSOIUOLGXZFL-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-decyl-6-(2-sulfonatophenoxy)benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC(OC=2C(=CC=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HXOSOIUOLGXZFL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithionous acid Chemical compound OS(=O)S(O)=O GRWZHXKQBITJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZKFHQMONDVVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl sulfate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O JZKFHQMONDVVNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBXVOQPAMPBADW-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous acid;phenol Chemical class ON=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 RBXVOQPAMPBADW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
- B32B17/10816—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor by pressing
- B32B17/10825—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts
- B32B17/10834—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid
- B32B17/10844—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid
- B32B17/10853—Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts using a fluid using a membrane between the layered product and the fluid the membrane being bag-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/48—Isomerisation; Cyclisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92809—Particular value claimed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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Abstract
本发明描述一种层压制品,它包含一种低色泽硬PVB树脂,该树脂具有小于12的YID并在树脂组合物中具有低浓度增塑剂,其中树脂由包括PVB漂白化合物的组合物制成。本发明层压制品具有高曲率。本发明层压材料特别适合用于飞机挡风屏的用途。
Description
本申请要求2002-03-12提交的美国临时申请号60/363,908的权益。
背景技术
增塑的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛片材(PVB)被用于制造层压结构,例如:交通工具的挡风玻璃,包括汽车、摩托车、船舶和飞机的;住宅和建筑物的;橱柜和展示箱中的搁板材料;以及其他希望玻璃片材具有结构强度的制品中。在许多领域中,希望层压材料呈透明和无色,或至少非常低的色泽。玻璃层压材料中不希望或不打算要的颜色可能由各种不同来源的杂质造成。某些情况下,颜色可能出现在PVB中间层中。PVB片材中的颜色可能来自PVB树脂中的几种来源,或者来自制造过程。例如,颜色可因PVB树脂的不稳定、来自杂质,或者来自PVB组合物中存在的其他添加剂。PVB片材中的颜色可能在PVB贮存期间显现的,或者由于树脂受到的加工条件所致。
PVB可按照已知方法制造。例如,美国专利3,153,009描述一种PVB的工业制造的方法。美国专利4,696,971也描述了一种制造PVB的方法,其中二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠(DOSS)被用作表面活性剂。除了对于本领域技术人员十分明显的例外之外,上面提到的专利的公开内容一律收入本文作为参考。
在传统PVB片材制造方法中,加入添加剂的目的通常是为了保护PVB以防止产生颜色。此类添加剂的例子是:抗氧化剂和光稳定剂。光稳定剂包括能吸收紫外(UV)光和/或红外(IR)光,借此保护树脂免受此种辐射影响的化合物。在某些商业领域可发现,为获得满意的效果,可能要求采用紫外光稳定剂的组合。例如,传统PVB片材组合物可包括,例如,Tinuvin123以及Tinuvin326,以便在树脂中获得满意的光稳定性。但是,采用光稳定剂的组合可能给制造工艺增加额外花费和复杂性。
传统PVB树脂片材组合物还可能要求抗氧化剂以防止PVB中容易氧化并在氧化状态可能导致树脂变色的组分发生氧化。例如,硝基苯酚可与光稳定剂组合使用以便给PVB片材提供可接受的色泽和颜色稳定性。然而,抗氧化剂和光稳定剂的有效性取决于PVB组合物的组成。PVB组成的改变可能使抗氧化剂和光稳定剂防止发色体生成的功能失效。
传统PVB片材通常包括增塑剂,旨在增加PVB片材的柔性和加工性。一般而言,增塑剂浓度越高,片材越柔软。在PVB的制造中,使用各种增塑剂是传统做法,包括诸如下列增塑剂:例如,聚乙二醇的二酯如三甘醇的二(2-乙基己酸酯)(3GO)和四甘醇的二庚酸酯(4G7)。增塑剂的典型用量大于30份每100份(pph),以树脂总干重为基准计。视用途以及其他因素而定,高度增塑的PVB通常可具有高达60pph的增塑剂。
然而,在某些特殊用途中,可能希望加入少量增塑剂以便获得硬PVB片材。采用低增塑剂浓度带来的一个问题是,可能要求PVB组合物经受较高温度才能挤塑该树脂和/或将挤塑片材成形为预定用途要求的形状。然而,当传统PVB树脂受到如此高温时,片材会显现色泽,从而使其不能用于对透明度和层压透明度有严格和高要求的领域。
在制造PVB层压制品的技术中可心的是,找到一种制造具有低浓度增塑剂,因此PVB组合物在受到高加工温度作用后不显现颜色的低色泽PVB树脂的方法。
还希望采用某种方法制取PVB片材,其中片材的色泽可通过恰当地选择方法中所使用的添加剂而得到改善。
发明内容
在一种实施方案中,本发明是一种具有高曲率的小层压制品,含有一种增塑的PVB树脂中间层,其中该PVB树脂主要由以下组分组成:羟基值介于约15~约25的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛;以小于约30pph,以树脂组合物干重为基准计,的有限数量存在的增塑剂或增塑剂的混合物;表面活性剂;以及任选地包括,(i)PVB漂白化合物,或者(ii)抗氧化剂,或者(iii)既包括(i)也包括(ii),其中中间层是经过在约225℃~约245℃的温度挤塑以后制取的,且其中中间层的黄度指数(YID)色泽小于约12。
在另一种实施方案中,本发明是一种飞机挡风屏,含有一种增塑的PVB树脂中间层,其中该PVB树脂主要由以下组分组成:羟基值介于约15~约25的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛;以小于约30pph,以树脂组合物干重为基准计,的有限数量存在的增塑剂或增塑剂的混合物;表面活性剂;以及任选地包括,(i)PVB漂白化合物,或者(ii)抗氧化剂,或者(iii)既包括(i)也包括(ii),其中中间层是经过在约225℃~约245℃的温度挤塑以后制取的,且其中中间层的黄度指数(YID)色泽小于约12。
发明详述
在一种实施方案中,本发明是一种具有高曲率的小层压制品,含有一种增塑的PVB树脂中间层,其中该PVB树脂主要由以下组分组成:羟基值介于约15~约25的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛;以小于约30pph,以树脂组合物干重为基准计,的有限数量存在的增塑剂或增塑剂的混合物;表面活性剂;以及任选地包括,(i)PVB漂白化合物,或者(ii)抗氧化剂,或者(iii)既包括(i)也包括(ii),其中中间层是经过在约225℃~约245℃的温度挤塑以后制取的,且其中中间层的黄度指数(YID)色泽小于约12。
PVB可按照已知方法制造。例如,美国专利3,153,009描述一种PVB的工业制造的方法。美国专利4,696,971也描述了一种制造PVB的方法,其中二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠(DOSS)被用作表面活性剂。除了对于本领域技术人员十分明显的例外之外,上面提到的专利的公开内容一律收入本文作为参考。
本发明PVB组合物包括有限数量增塑剂,但其浓度小于30pph,以PVB树脂干重为基准计。本发明优选地包括约5~约30pph的增塑剂,更优选的是,增塑剂的含量介于约15~约30pph。进一步优选的是,增塑剂的含量介于约18~约28pph,最优选约18~约22pph。
术语鳞片,在本发明中被用来描述PVB树脂的特定物理形式,这就是,丸粒或颗粒,以区别于薄膜或片材。在本申请中,树脂的此种物理形式不一定指不同的PVB组合物,尽管片材和/或薄膜可包括树脂鳞片中没有的添加剂。
本发明增塑剂可选自任何已知和传统上在增塑PVB片材组合物制造中使用的增塑剂。例如,适合用于本发明的增塑剂可以是选自下列类别的增塑剂或增塑剂混合物:通过脂族二醇与羧酸的化学反应制取的二酯,包括聚醚二醇或聚醚多元醇的二酯;以及由多元羧酸和脂族醇制取的酯。为简便计,当描述本发明片材组合物时,在这里可能将增塑剂的混合物称为“增塑剂”。就是说,在本文中使用的单数词“增塑剂”可代表在给定片材组合物中使用一种增塑剂或者使用二或更多种增塑剂的混合物。该预期的用法对于本领域技术人员是显然的。优选在这里使用的增塑剂是通过三甘醇或四甘醇与6~10个碳原子的脂族羧酸之间的反应制取的二酯;和通过癸二酸与1~18个碳原子的脂族醇之间的反应制取的二酯。更优选的是,增塑剂是4G7、3GO或癸二酸二丁酯(DBS)。最优选地,增塑剂是3GO。
本发明组合物任选地包括至少一种PVB漂白化合物。本发明的PVB漂白化合物(漂白化合物)是任何能,相对于采用相同或相近方法处理、仅仅是不含漂白化合物而其他均相同的组合物的色泽而言,减少或消除PVB片材色泽的化合物。该漂白化合物所表现出的漂白作用模式对于本发明而言并非关键。例如,可用于实施本发明的漂白化合物可以是能与PVB片材组合物中存在的成色化合物(发色体)直接起反应的化合物,或者能产生一种与发色体直接反应的化合物的化合物。漂白化合物可以是能就地分解产生某种与PVB片材组合物中存在的分散体起反应的分解产物的化合物。实施本发明的漂白化合物可以是抑制发色体生成的化合物。本发明漂白化合物包括,例如,无机亚硫酸氢盐,例如,亚硫酸氢钠或钾;有机亚硫酸氢盐,例如,亚硫酸氢(四甲铵);和结构或功能上类似的化合物。漂白化合物还包括磺基琥珀酸盐如二烷基磺基琥珀酸盐。例如,本发明可包括DOSS作为漂白化合物。
本发明漂白化合物可以任何有效的有限数量加入。对本发明目的而言有效数量是任何能,相对于相同或相近但不含漂白化合物的PVB片材组合物色泽而言,减少或消除PVB片材色泽的化合物。色泽测定可按照任何传统标准做法进行。替代地,当不存在对比数据时,有效数量是任何将PVB片材色泽降低到小于约12YID的黄度指数(YID)的数量。优选的是,YID小于约10,更优选小于约8,最优选小于约6。
漂白化合物的加入量可介于约0.01~约0.85pph,以制备PVB所使用的聚乙烯醇(PVA)的重量计。优选地,漂白化合物以约0.05~约0.80pph,更优选约0.10~约0.75pph,最优选约0.15~约0.70pph的数量存在。虽然降低PVB片材的色泽是一项重要考虑,但是漂白化合物的用量还将取决于生产成本以及因加入该添加剂而受到影响的其他性质。
本发明包括表面活性剂。适用于本发明的表面活性剂可以是任何可用于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛制造领域的已知表面活性剂。例如,适用于本发明的表面活性剂包括:月桂基硫酸钠;月桂基硫酸铵;二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠;6~12个碳原子的全氟羧酸铵;芳基磺酸钠,氯化环戊二烯与马来酐的加成物;部分中和的聚甲基丙烯酸;烷基芳基磺酸盐;N-油基-N-甲基牛磺酸钠;烷基芳基聚醚磺酸钠;三乙醇胺-月桂基硫酸盐;月桂基硫酸二乙基二环己基铵;硫酸化脂肪酸酯;硫酸化芳基醇;以及诸如此类。优选的表面活性剂包括月桂基硫酸钠、二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠、椰油甲基氨基乙酸钠,以及癸基(磺基苯氧基)苯磺酸二钠盐。
表面活性剂可按照任何针对一套具体实施的工艺条件而言有效的数量加入。表面活性剂的加入量可介于约0.01~约0.85pph(wt),以制备PVB使用的PVA重量为基准计。优选地,表面活性剂的加入量介于约0.10~约0.80pph。更优选地,表面活性剂的加入量介于约0.15~约0.75pph。最优选地,表面活性剂的加入量介于约0.15~约0.70pph。
表面活性剂和漂白化合物可以是同一化合物,或者可发挥这两种功能。漂白化合物仅当表面活性剂也发挥漂白化合物功能时才是任选的。否则,漂白化合物被认为是实施本发明不可或缺的。例如,DOSS可在本发明实施中作为表面活性剂使用。DOSS也可以是本发明实施中的漂白化合物。在一种特别优选的实施方案中,DOSS可既作为表面活性剂又作为漂白化合物加入。在该实施方案中,DOSS以外的漂白化合物的使用是任选的。
抗氧化剂可在片材制备期间任选地加入到本发明PVB树脂组合物中,以抑制PVB树脂和/或组分的氧化。优选的抗氧化剂是传统和市售供应的已知产品。最优选的是双酚抗氧化剂,它令人惊奇地更适合制备低色泽PVB片材,尤其当用3GO作为增塑剂时。双酚抗氧化剂有市售供应,可从市场上购得。合适的双酚抗氧化剂包括,例如:2,2’-乙叉双(4,6-二-叔丁基苯酚);4,4’-丁叉双(2-叔丁基-5-甲基苯酚);2,2’-异丁叉双(4,6-二甲基苯酚);和2,2’-亚甲基双(6-叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚)。双酚抗氧化剂市售供应的商品名例如有:ANOXTM29、LOWINOX22M46、LOWINOX44B25和LOWINOX22IB46。
抗氧化剂可以任何有效、有限数量加入。优选地,抗氧化剂的加入量介于约0.01~约0.6%,以片材的总重量为基准计。更优选地,抗氧化剂以约0.03~约0.3%,最优选约0.05~约0.25%的数量存在。
其他添加剂是传统上已知有用的,并可被包括在本发明树脂组合物中。此类添加剂包括:光稳定剂、特别是紫外光稳定剂,例如,TinuvinP;Tinuvin326和Tinuvin123。紫外光稳定剂使PVB组合物稳定化靠的是吸收紫外光和防止紫外光对PVB的不希望影响。粘附控制剂如羧酸的碱金属和碱土金属盐或此类盐的组合,可以加入。表面张力控制剂如Trans-Chemco的Trans290或Trans296;或者Dow化学公司的Q2-3183A,可用于本发明的实施。优选采用Trans290或Trans296。
本发明PVB树脂可按照PVB制造技术领域已知的方法制取。本发明的实施所使用的PVB树脂可通过PVA与丁醛在水介质中在酸或酸的混合物存在和5℃~100℃的温度下进行混合来制备。
就典型而言,PVA与丁醛之间的比例可选择为,使PVB具有一定残余羟基官能度,传统上称作羟基值。残余羟基官能度根据所要求的PVB具有的性能可有所变化。为使PVB树脂获得要求的羟基值所需丁醛与PVA的相对数量乃是PVB制造技术领域的技术人员轻易地知道的。在本发明的实施中,残余羟基可介于约14~约30。优选的是,羟基值介于约15~约25。更优选地,羟基值介于约15~20,而在本发明实施中最优选的是具有约17~约19的羟基值的PVB树脂。羟基值可根据标准方法如ASTM D1396-92来确定。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明低色泽PVB树脂可通过包括下列步骤的方法制取:(I)掺混聚乙烯醇、丁醛、酸或酸的混合物、水和表面活性剂,(II)使步骤(I)中获得的混合物稳定化,措施包括(a)将混合物的pH值提高到至少pH10,(b)通过排掉液体离析出树脂,(c)用中性pH水洗涤该树脂;(III)用约10~约30pph增塑剂,以PVB树脂干重为基准计,增塑该PVB树脂组合物;(IV)任选地混合(a)PVB漂白化合物和/或(b)抗氧化剂和紫外光稳定剂与PVB树脂组合物;以及(V)在约225℃~约245℃的温度挤出PVB树脂组合物,结果获得一种玻璃化转变温度(Tg)介于35℃~60℃、YID小于约12的PVB片材。
这里所描述的工艺步骤可按照不同的顺序实施。例如,虽然必须在步骤(II)之前实施步骤(I),但就获得本发明低色泽片材的目的而言,步骤(III)或(IV)按任何具体顺序实施都无关紧要,虽然可能优选的是,这些步骤在步骤(V)临实施之前或同时地实施。还有,诸组分的加入顺序在本发明实施中并不严格,虽然本领域技术人员将认识到,按照一致和有序的方式实施该方法可能带来其他好处。例如,增塑剂与PVB的混合可在PVB组合物的挤出之前或期间进行,正如美国专利5,886,075中所描述的。
增塑剂可按照任何为获得增塑PVB片材可心的数量加入。在本发明的一种实施方案中,为获得硬PVB片材,增塑剂的加入量小于约30pph,以树脂总干重为基准计。“干重”在这里用来指从树脂中除掉水以后的树脂重量。
PVB片材的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)部分地取决于组合物中包括的增塑剂浓度。用于实施本发明的PVB片材的Tg介于约35℃~约60℃,按照动态力学分析ASTM D 4065(DMA)测定,以tanδ(损耗角正切)(在1Hz的相移)为指标。优选的是,Tg介于约40℃~约57℃,更优选约45℃~约57℃,最优选约50℃~约55℃。
在本发明的一种优选实施方案中,可获得一种具有低色泽和低增塑剂浓度的硬PVB片材。为获得具有低增塑剂浓度的片材,需要在比采用较高用量增塑剂时高的温度下挤塑片材。例如,用约5~约30pph增塑剂增塑的PVB树脂可在约225℃~约245℃的温度挤塑。优选地,树脂可在约227℃~约245℃的温度挤塑。更优选地,树脂可在约228℃~约242℃,最优选地,在约230℃~约240℃的温度挤塑。
适合本发明目的的低色泽PVB树脂片材可通过包括下列步骤的方法制取:(1)将PVB鳞片从本文在上面所描述的PVA/丁醛反应混合物中离析出来;(2)任选地将抗氧化剂和紫外光稳定剂与增塑剂混合以获得一种增塑剂/添加剂混合物(增塑剂混合物);以及(3)将鳞片、增塑剂、抗氧化剂和紫外光稳定剂共挤塑,或者替代地,共挤塑该鳞片和增塑剂混合物,其中增塑剂混合物与干鳞片的进料比介于约5∶100(重量比)~约30∶100(重量比),温度介于约225℃~约245℃,结果获得一种YID小于约12的低色泽PVB片材。优选的是,抗氧化剂/紫外光稳定剂与增塑剂在树脂挤塑之前进行掺混。
本发明层压材料可用作特殊玻璃层压材料,例如飞机上的。在诸如这类应用领域,韧性、透明度和清澈是重要的考虑因素。同样重要的是在玻璃层压材料受到意外或故意冲击的情况下,该中间层所提供的防玻璃颗粒的飞溅和抛出的保护作用。
本发明层压材料可通过包括下列步骤的方法制取:将至少一层固化的特殊玻璃与至少一层本发明PVB重叠在一起制成玻璃/PVB组件;将组件放入到能经受真空的袋子中;利用真空管线或其他对袋子抽真空的装置抽出袋子中的空气;在保持真空的情况下密封袋子;将密封的袋子放入到温度介于约130℃~约180℃,压力介于约200psi(15bar)的压热釜中处理约10~约50min。优选地,袋子在温度介于约140℃~约160℃在压热釜中处理20min~约45min,更优选在约145~约160℃的温度处理20~40min,最优选在约145℃~约155℃处理约25~约35min。
层压前的飞机玻璃可具有镶嵌在玻璃中和在玻璃表面的功能。例如,玻璃可具有各种天线或敏感元件镶嵌在玻璃中或玻璃表面。此种特殊玻璃是已知的并可从市场购得。在任何情况下,所述功能的存在既不增加也不偏离本发明所要求的新颖性。
适合用于这里的飞机玻璃可具有高曲率。本发明PVB向具有高曲率的玻璃上的层压可能要求这里所描述的层压条件。弯面玻璃可具有约0.1mrad~约3.2rad的曲率和约20cm~约350cm的曲率半径。
本发明层压材料可包括阻挡紫外光穿透层压材料的添加剂。该添加剂优选与紫外光稳定剂为同一添加剂。紫外光优选地被层压材料吸收到使紫外光中不足10%透过层压材料的程度。优选地,小于8%的紫外光透过层压材料,更优选小于6%紫外光透过,最优选小于3%。
本发明的PVB中间层具有大于0.254mm的厚度。优选地,本发明PVB中间层具有约0.254mm~约1.6mm的厚度。多层PVB可层压在一起或者作为在层压材料内交替排列的层。此种多层层压材料可具有总厚度大于1mm的PVB中间层。当希望获得的层压材料中中间层的总厚度至少是1mm厚时,该中间层的YID应不大于12,因为否则有可能大大降低层压材料的透明度。
实施例
给出下面的实例和对比例旨在进一步说明本发明。不拟以任何方式用这些实例限制本发明的范围,它们也不应以任何与在这里提出权利要求和描述的本发明不一致的方式被用来界定本发明的权利要求或说明书。
每个实例和对比例中实施的羟基值和YID分析试验按照下面的方法进行。
羟基值:ASTM D 1396-92
片材黄度指数(YID):
PVB小片由21.0g片材制备,被热压成10.0mm厚、50.8mm直径的圆片。小片的制备涉及,从片材上裁切的一摞50.8mm圆盘在2200N力、185℃下在模具中预热1min,随后将压力提高到32,000N并在185℃下预热2min并在同样压力下冷却7.5min。在挤出的片材表面的表面花纹,在小片中则不再有可见的残余花纹。黄度指数按照ASTM D1925-70,采用10.0mm厚的小片样品进行测定。
玻璃化转变温度——Tg,按照DMA采用ASTM D4065的程序,采用在1Hz的tanδ(损耗角正切)来确定。
实例1
按如下所述制备聚乙烯醇缩丁醛片材:在90℃,含有32重量份平均聚合度618和99.5%水解的聚乙烯醇和68重量份平均聚合度1005和99.5%水解的PVA的混合物被溶解在615重量份去离子水中。向该溶液中加入1重量份88%对甲苯磺酸和数量足以将溶解的PVA溶液调节到pH=2的硫酸。采用在美国专利3,153,009中描述的程序,62重量份正丁醛和0.47重量份70%DOSS以及PVA溶液被加入到维持在90℃的容器中。保持1h的时间以后,获得一种淤浆,以氢氧化钠溶液将其pH值提高到11使淤浆稳定化。与稳定化同时地,加入0.07重量份Trans290表面张力稳定剂。随后,该淤浆以去离子水洗涤和冷却。获得残余羟基值18.6的粒状白色PVB树脂。该鳞片与含有4g/LTinuvinP和8g/L Lowinox44B25抗氧化剂的3GO增塑剂进行混合,并进行挤塑,其中在挤塑系统中的停留时间为约15~25min。增塑剂与干鳞片之间的进料速率比是35∶100(重量比)。注入甲酸钾溶液以便在片材中达到10份每百万份(ppm)的钾浓度。在缝模处测定的熔体温度介于210~215℃。片材YID是5.85。
实例2
按照与实例1相同的方式制备PVB片材,不同的是,增塑剂与干PVB鳞片之间的进料比是20∶100,以及熔体停留时间是25~40min。在模头处的熔体温度是233℃。片材黄度指数是5.05。
实例3
PVB片材按照与实例2相同的方式制备,不同的是,由于熔体破裂造成的表面纹理在水浴中经受骤冷,正如Keene等人的美国专利5,886,075中所公开的。熔体温度介于225℃~230℃。片材的YID是4.80,在片材表面清楚可见洗衣板样纹理。
对比例C1
按照实例1制备PVB鳞片,不同的是,在PVB制备步骤中采用0.4重量份月桂基硫酸钠,以PVA为基准计,替代二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠作为表面活性剂,且不加入任何其他表面张力改性剂。获得一种残余羟基值18.6的粒状白色PVB树脂。采用如这里所描述的用月桂基硫酸钠制备的鳞片,按照实例1那样制备片材,只是增塑剂与干鳞片的进料比是35∶100。在缝模处测定的熔体温度介于210~213℃。片材黄度是25.05。
对比例C2
实例C1中描述的鳞片按照实例1用来制备片材,不同的是,3GO增塑剂与干树脂的进料比是24∶100,而片材中的钾浓度是50ppm,熔体在系统中的停留时间是25~40min。熔体在模头处的温度介于228~233℃。片材黄度是53.82。
Claims (8)
1.一种具有高曲率的小层压制品,含有一种增塑的PVB树脂中间层,其中该PVB树脂主要由以下组分组成:羟基值介于约15~约25的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛;以小于约30pph,以树脂组合物干重为基准计,的有限数量存在的增塑剂或增塑剂的混合物;表面活性剂;以及任选地包括,(i)PVB漂白化合物,或者(ii)抗氧化剂,或者(iii)既包括(i)也包括(ii),其中中间层是经过在约225℃~约245℃的温度挤塑后制取的,且其中中间层的黄度指数(YID)色泽小于约12。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中表面活性剂是DOSS。
3.权利要求1的组合物,其中PVB树脂包括漂白化合物。
4.权利要求3的组合物,其中漂白化合物是DOSS。
5.权利要求4的组合物,其中制品是包含至少一层PVB和至少一层玻璃的层压材料,其中PVB层具有约0.254mm~约1.6mm的厚度。
6.权利要求5的制品,其中层压材料包含一个以上PVB中间层,且其中PVB中间层的合计厚度介于约0.75~1.6mm。
7.权利要求5的制品,其中层压材料用作飞机玻璃。
8.权利要求5的制品,其中层压材料是通过包括下列步骤的方法制得的:(i)将至少一层弯曲的特殊玻璃与至少一层本发明PVB重叠在一起制成玻璃/PVB组件;(ii)将该组件放入到能经受真空的袋子中;(iii)利用真空管线或其他对袋子抽真空的装置抽出袋子中的空气;(iv)在保持真空的情况下密封袋子;(v)将密封的袋子放入到温度介于约130℃~约180℃,压力介于约200psi(15bar)的压热釜中处理约10~约50min。
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EP (1) | EP1483114A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2005519791A (zh) |
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AU (1) | AU2003223240A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2477838A1 (zh) |
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CN105636779A (zh) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-06-01 | 首诺公司 | 具有降低的边缘缺陷率的改进的多层面板 |
CN112543774A (zh) * | 2018-08-16 | 2021-03-23 | Skc株式会社 | 聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂组合物的制备方法及包括其的玻璃接合用薄膜 |
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EP1483318B1 (en) * | 2002-03-12 | 2007-05-09 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low-color stiff pvb laminates |
US7642307B2 (en) | 2002-03-12 | 2010-01-05 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low-color stiff PVB laminates |
US7687560B2 (en) | 2002-03-12 | 2010-03-30 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Low-color PVB sheet and a process for making same |
AU2003239877B2 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2008-05-15 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Laminated structures with superior impact resistance and process for making same |
US20070071983A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-03-29 | Solutia, Inc. | Multiple layer glazing bilayer |
US7943845B2 (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2011-05-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Solar cells encapsulated with poly(vinyl butyral) |
US20080254302A1 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2008-10-16 | David Paul Bourcier | Multiple layer polymer interlayers having a melt fractured surface |
US7901780B2 (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2011-03-08 | Solutia Inc. | Polymer interlayers comprising blends of plasticized poly(vinyl butyral) and poly(cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate-co-ethylene terephthalate) copolyester |
DE102010003316B4 (de) | 2010-03-26 | 2013-12-12 | Kuraray Europe Gmbh | Thermoplastische Mischung mit geringer Eigenfarbe und hoher photothermischer Stabilität und hiermit hergestellte PVB-Folie |
CN102892822B (zh) | 2010-05-11 | 2015-07-22 | 可乐丽欧洲有限责任公司 | 具有3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基丙酸酯部分结构的酚类抗氧化剂的pvb薄膜 |
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EP2855147A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2015-04-08 | Corning Incorporated | Stiff interlayers for laminated glass structures |
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US10668691B2 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2020-06-02 | Solutia Inc. | Polymeric interlayers and multiple layer panels made therefrom exhibiting enhanced properties and performance |
US10737470B2 (en) | 2016-06-21 | 2020-08-11 | Solutia Inc. | Polymeric interlayers and multiple layer panels made therefrom exhibiting enhanced properties and performance |
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2003
- 2003-03-11 CA CA002477838A patent/CA2477838A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-11 JP JP2003576192A patent/JP2005519791A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-11 US US10/501,493 patent/US20050192398A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-11 AU AU2003223240A patent/AU2003223240A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-11 EP EP03719370A patent/EP1483114A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-11 WO PCT/US2003/007353 patent/WO2003078160A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2003-03-11 CN CNA038056682A patent/CN1638959A/zh active Pending
- 2003-03-11 MX MXPA04008766A patent/MXPA04008766A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (3)
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CN105636779A (zh) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-06-01 | 首诺公司 | 具有降低的边缘缺陷率的改进的多层面板 |
CN112543774A (zh) * | 2018-08-16 | 2021-03-23 | Skc株式会社 | 聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂组合物的制备方法及包括其的玻璃接合用薄膜 |
CN112543774B (zh) * | 2018-08-16 | 2023-10-31 | 爱思开迈克沃有限公司 | 聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂的制备方法、接合用薄膜及层合玻璃 |
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EP1483114A1 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
MXPA04008766A (es) | 2004-12-06 |
US20050192398A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
CA2477838A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
JP2005519791A (ja) | 2005-07-07 |
WO2003078160A1 (en) | 2003-09-25 |
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