CN1633711A - 具有机械像素开关的发光显示装置 - Google Patents

具有机械像素开关的发光显示装置 Download PDF

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CN1633711A
CN1633711A CNA028271513A CN02827151A CN1633711A CN 1633711 A CN1633711 A CN 1633711A CN A028271513 A CNA028271513 A CN A028271513A CN 02827151 A CN02827151 A CN 02827151A CN 1633711 A CN1633711 A CN 1633711A
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electrode
light
group
display unit
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S·T·德茨瓦特
R·范迪克
R·P·范戈坎
P·A·杜因
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B7/00—Microstructural systems; Auxiliary parts of microstructural devices or systems
    • B81B7/02—Microstructural systems; Auxiliary parts of microstructural devices or systems containing distinct electrical or optical devices of particular relevance for their function, e.g. microelectro-mechanical systems [MEMS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/17—Passive-matrix OLED displays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/17—Passive-matrix OLED displays
    • H10K59/179—Interconnections, e.g. wiring lines or terminals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/08—Fault-tolerant or redundant circuits, or circuits in which repair of defects is prepared
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2011—Display of intermediate tones by amplitude modulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2014—Display of intermediate tones by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]

Abstract

一种显示装置，其包括：第一组电极和第二组电极(2、5)；以及多个发光元件(3)，其布置在所述电极组之间，并且与该第一组电极(2)电接触。该显示装置还包括：可以以机电方式操作的箔(6)具有至少一个导电侧面(7)；该箔(6)位于该发光元件(3)与该第二组电极之间，其中该导电侧面面对该发光元件(3)；以及该箔(6)布置成便于使该导电侧面(7)与该发光元件(3)中的一个所选择的发光元件接触，由此闭合从该第一组电极(2)经由该发光元件(3)到该导电侧面(7)的电路。由此，箔用作多个“开关”，其将所选择的发光元件连接到箔的导电侧面上。该功能可用于以更高程度的准确度来控制发光元件。

Description

具有机械像素开关的发光显示装置
本发明涉及这种类型的显示装置，其中多个发光元件布置在两组电极之间，本发明尤其涉及有机发光二极管显示装置，该显示装置可能是彩色的显示装置。
现今使用的聚合发光二极管和有机发光二极管显示装置的缺点在于，发光二极管层具有相当大的电容。这是由于以下事实造成的，即，发光二极管层非常薄(大约300nm)。对于大型显示装置，电容阻碍或者甚至是抑制了无源矩阵的操作，这是因为位移电流与在发光二极管中用于产生光的电流相比过大。这导致不准确地驱动、迹线中的功率耗散、以及在驱动器中大电流。
本发明的目的在于克服这些问题并且提供一种改进的发光二极管显示装置。
通过提供开始段落中所述类型的显示装置可实现该目的和其它目的，该显示装置还包括可以以机电方式操作的箔，其具有至少一个导电侧面；该箔位于该发光元件与该第二组电极之间，其中该导电侧面面对该发光元件；以及该箔布置成便于使该导电侧面与该发光元件中的一个所选择的发光元件接触，由此闭合从该第一组电极经由该发光元件到该导电侧面的电路。
由此，箔用作多个“开关”，其将所选择的发光元件连接到箔的导电侧面上。该功能可用于以更高程度的准确度来控制发光元件。
由此可获得大尺寸的发光二极管显示装置，并且没有产生传统上与其相关的问题。另外，在驱动方面，该箔切换只消耗非常小的功率，这使得该显示装置更节省功率。
整个箔由导电材料制成。或者，该箔具有涂敷有导电层的一个侧面。
依据一个实施例，该箔可朝向所述第二组电极中的被电激励的电极移动，由此使得该导电层离开该发光元件。该特征可用于使得导电层与发光元件分开，并且由此中断在第一电极与导电层之间经由发光元件流动的任何电流。
另外，该箔可朝向所述第一组电极中的被电激励的电极移动，由此使得该导电层压靠该发光元件。该特征可使得导电层与发光元件形成电接触。
可作为替代或组合的是，该箔布置成便于压靠该发光元件，但除了当朝向所述第二组电极中的被电激励的电极被吸引时之外。换言之，导电层保持与发光元件接触，除了对应于在第二组电极中的被激励的电极的区域之外。因此，不需要主动地朝向第一组电极吸引该箔。
依据优选实施例，所述第一组电极包括多个第一平行条电极，而所述第二组电极包括多个第二平行条电极，其与所述多个第一平行条电极呈正交关系，以便所述电极组形成相交的电极格栅，并且该发光元件在该格栅中位于电极的相交位置处。
通过激励两组正交电极中的所选择的电极，可激励特定的发光元件。一种方式是吸引该箔朝向所有的条而不是第二组中的一个条，并且同时吸引该箔压靠第二组中的一个条。这使得导电层的一个相交点与发光元件接触。
以下将参照附图并且优选实施例来详细描述本发明的以上的和其它的方面，在附图中：
图1是本发明的发光二极管显示单元的分解图；
图2是图1所示的显示单元在不工作状态时的截面图；
图3是图1所示的显示单元在扫描状态时的截面图；
图4是本发明的第二实施例的显示单元在不工作状态时的截面图；
图5是图4所示的显示单元在扫描状态时的截面图；以及
图6是表示用于对发光二极管显示单元寻址的脉冲的图表。
参照图1，显示单元10包括前板1，多个透明的列电极2例如ITO(铟锡氧化物)电极沉积在该前板上。多个发光元件3形成在电极上。
发光元件3可以是有机电致发光装置，例如PolyLED(聚合物发光二极管)或者有机发光二极管，但是原则上也可使用无机发光二极管。即使以下的实施方式主要参照PolyLED来描述，这也不能理解为对所披露的本发明的限制。
PolyLED3包括上述的ITO(铟锡氧化物)电极层(阳极)、由例如PEDOT/PPS(聚乙烯二氧噻吩聚苯乙烯磺酸酯)制成的空穴注入层、由例如PPV(聚亚苯基1，2亚乙烯基)制成的发光层、由例如Ba或替代材料制成的注入层(阴极)、以及由例如Al或替代材料制成的覆盖层。注入层和覆盖层应当以小片3的形式形成图案，每一小片相当于一个或多个像素，并且小片在前板1的表面上形成规则的行和列。正是这些小片，在所示的示例中也就是除了电极层之外的发光二极管，在本说明书中作为发光元件3。
此外，显示单元10包括后板4，其设置有导电的行电极5，以便对可以以机电方式操作的箔6进行操作。电极可由绝缘层来覆盖。可以以机电方式操作的箔6由例如可蒸发的聚合物制成，例如聚对二甲苯或聚酰亚胺，该箔6布置在前板和后板之间。箔6的面对前板1和列电极2的侧面涂敷有导电层7，其由例如Ag、Al、Au等制成。导电层7可以无图案的，即覆盖整个的箔表面，但是也可以按对应于发光二极管像素(或像素组)的方式形成图案。如果行电极由绝缘层覆盖，则整个箔6可选地由导电材料制成。
在图2和3示出的示例中，箔由在箔的每一侧面上的间隔件8、9保持就位，该间隔件分别于前板1和后板4接触。在前板和后板上的间隔件的尺寸可以是1-5微米的数量级。
图2示出了显示装置的不工作的状态，即，当切断电源并且所有电极2、5处于零电位的状态。图3示出了同一显示装置在工作中的状态。在这种情况下，正电压(或负电压，这取决于箔6的特征)施加到行电极5上。其结果为，朝向电极5吸引箔6，并且迫使该箔朝向电极5，也可以是抵靠电极5。箔6的导电层7(称为箔电极)接地。随后，通过使相应的行电极接地而选择一个行5a，以便不再迫使该箔6的邻近该行电极的行部分朝向电极5a。接着，通过将正电压(或负电压)施加到在前板1上的相应的列电极2a上从而选择一个列。箔的对应于所选择的行2a和列5a相交的区域6a此刻朝向列电极2a被吸引，并且朝向并抵靠位于该位置的发光二极管3a施压。当接地的箔电极7与发光二极管3a接触时，电流从列电极2a流经发光二极管3a和在箔6上的接地的导电层7。
因为流经发光二极管3a的电流将消除箔电极7与发光二极管3a之间的电位差，所以吸引力将消失，以便使箔6与发光二极管3a分开。一旦这种情况发生，发光二极管3a将再次通过列电极2而带电荷，并且再次吸引该箔6。为了避免在箔6与列电极2之间的这种可能的振荡特性，或者因为其它的原因，可构想出多个替代实施例。
依据一个这种实施例，发光二极管区域的一部分，例如像素侧由绝缘的小片代替，该绝缘小片差不多与发光二极管层相同厚。由此，列电极的该区域不与导电层7电接触，因此至少在该区域周围确保了一定的吸引力。
依据如图4和5所示的再一实施例，除去了在前板侧上的间隔件8，以便箔6在不工作的状态中由剩余的间隔件9保持与发光二极管3接触。当该显示装置工作时，如图5所示，箔6吸引到行电极5，这类似于图3所示的显示装置。然而，当所选择的行电极5a接地时，在这种情况下，箔6的邻近行电极5a的行部分将被推靠在前板1的列电极2上。列电极2此刻可用于激励在该行发光二极管3中的所选择的像素。如图4和5所示，发光二极管可由面对间隔件9的绝缘区域10分开。该绝缘区域防止导电层7在这些区域中始终与发光二极管接触。
另外，具有不同的工作功能的材料可分别用于箔电极和发光二极管电极。如果这些材料电连接，则保持“真空能级感应”的电场，这使得可保持吸引力，即使是在发光二极管经导电层7放电的情况下。
图6示出了驱动方案的示例。在该示例中，信息每一次写入一行，并且亮度由脉冲宽度调制来控制。
供应给四个所示的行电极的电压由11a-d来表示。如图所示地由分区分成时间段，每次将一个行置于零电位。不需要这些信号的任何调制，这是因为它们仅仅是为了在特定时间“释放”特定的行电极。
供应给所示的列电极的电压由12来表示。如图所示地由分区分成时间段，不同宽度的电压脉冲12a-d供应给该电极。第一脉冲12a与向上部行电极提供零电压的信号11a重合，这导致发光二极管13a被激励。第二脉冲12b相似地激励发光二极管13b，等等。
因为发光二极管的亮度主要由电流来确定，所以所希望的是使用电流驱动而不是电压驱动。亮度也可通过使用固定宽度/电流调制(“调幅”)来控制，以便代替使用固定电流/脉冲宽度调制。为了获得更多的灰度级，可使用脉冲宽度和脉冲高度的组合。用于行和列的开关电压的数量级可以是10V。箔的开关时间的数量级可以是1μs，这对于一次一行的驱动而言是足够的。
一次一行的驱动的缺点在于，经过发光二极管的电流峰值相当高。这使得效率下降。使用子域寻址来驱动面板，因此可以构想到利用箔的记忆特性。在这种情况下，电流相对于时间可以更加分散。然而，先决条件是可使用适当的记忆功能(如上所述)，并且发光二极管可均质地操作。在子域寻址的情况下，在面板中的电流由许多的像素共用。在这种情况下，不均质可能导致不均衡的电流分配。此外，驱动器的电容负荷在副帧寻址过程中急剧增大，这是因为在寻址循环中，行的部分已经与箔接触。尽管对于副帧式寻址是可行的，但是直接的一次一行的方案是优选的。
应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员可实现上述的优选实施例的许多变型。例如，对于箔或电极可使用其它适当的材料。另外，箔可以按不同的方式布置在电极之间，只要可实现所需的功能即可。原则上，本发明可应用于基于电流在两组电极之间流动的任何类型的显示装置，其中所希望的是实现改进的像素寻址。

Claims (10)

1.一种显示装置，其包括：
第一组电极和第二组电极(2、5)；以及
多个发光元件(3)，其布置在所述电极组之间，并且与该第一组电极(2)电接触，
其特征在于，
可以以机电方式操作的箔(6)具有至少一个导电侧面(7)；
该箔(6)位于该发光元件(3)与该第二组电极之间，其中该导电侧面面对该发光元件(3)；以及
该箔(6)布置成便于使该导电侧面(7)与该发光元件(3)中的一个所选择的发光元件接触，由此闭合从该第一组电极(2)经由该发光元件(3)到该导电侧面(7)的电路。
2.如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于：该箔(6)由导电材料制成。
3.如权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于：该箔(6)具有涂敷有导电层(7)的一个侧面。
4.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于：该箔(6)可朝向所述第二组电极(5)中的被电激励的电极移动，由此使得该导电层(7)离开该发光元件(3)。
5.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于：该箔(6)可朝向所述第一组电极(2)中的被电激励的电极移动，由此使得该导电层(7)压靠该发光元件(3)。
6.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于：该箔(6)布置成便于压靠该发光元件，但除了当朝向所述第二组电极(5)中的被电激励的电极被吸引时之外。
7.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于：
所述第一组电极(2)包括多个第一平行条电极；以及
所述第二组电极(5)包括多个第二平行条电极，其与所述多个第一平行条电极呈正交关系，
以便所述电极组形成相交的电极格栅，和
其中，该发光元件(3)位于电极的相交位置处。
8.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于：该导电层(7)接地。
9.如上述权利要求中任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于：该发光元件(3)是有机电致发光装置，例如有机发光二极管或聚合物发光二极管。
10.如上述权利要求中1-8所述的显示装置，其特征在于：该发光元件(3)是无机发光二极管。
CNA028271513A 2002-01-15 2002-12-23 具有机械像素开关的发光显示装置 Pending CN1633711A (zh)

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