CN1608829A - 用激光光束掩膜焊接移动塑料薄膜的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用激光光束掩膜焊接移动塑料薄膜的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1608829A
CN1608829A CNA2004100475219A CN200410047521A CN1608829A CN 1608829 A CN1608829 A CN 1608829A CN A2004100475219 A CNA2004100475219 A CN A2004100475219A CN 200410047521 A CN200410047521 A CN 200410047521A CN 1608829 A CN1608829 A CN 1608829A
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mask
film
speed
roller
laser beam
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CN100522568C (zh
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陈杰伟
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Leste Processing Tech AG
Leister Process Technologies
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/98—Determining the joining area by using markings on at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
    • B23K26/066—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms by using masks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
    • B23K26/0846—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt for moving elongated workpieces longitudinally, e.g. wire or strip material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1658—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined scanning once, e.g. contour laser welding
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    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81266—Optical properties, e.g. transparency, reflectivity
    • B29C66/81267—Transparent to electromagnetic radiation, e.g. to visible light
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/93451—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed by controlling or regulating the speed by controlling or regulating the rotational speed, i.e. the speed of revolution
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Abstract

本方法和装置允许在结构环状塑料薄膜的高速焊接方面以在线的位置调节来进行动态掩膜焊接。使用布置在被动压滚中、设置有掩膜的透明受驱掩膜滚轮，可进行光检测，使得掩膜滚轮与薄膜速度、从而掩膜与薄膜速度同步。该调节可脱离薄膜传送机构而不影响焊接过程、特别是速度。本发明能够以薄膜传送速度高达每秒1000mm被使用。

Description

用激光光束掩膜焊接移动塑料薄膜的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用激光光束掩膜焊接移动塑料薄膜的方法和装置，其中，透明薄膜被激光光束穿透后在预定部位连接到一吸收性薄膜上。
背景技术
用激光光束连接塑料材料是公知的，此时用激光光束照射正对激光光束的上层材料，在激光光束可透过的上层材料与激光光束不可透过的下层材料之间的接触面处加热两材料，然后两材料在压力下互相连接在一起。激光光束可透过的材料用光学术语来说可为可见光波长范围中的黑色。此外，公知的是，为此生成一线性激光光束，在焊接操作中材料与激光光束作相对运动，以生成所需焊接形状。
按照该照射技术的焊接过程的一个先决条件是塑料在IR照射下的热响应。涂有IR吸收物质的塑料在照射下吸收IR源中的热能后热能渐渐累积。热能的累积、从而塑料中达到的温度决定于能量的计量类型，如能量密度和照射时间。此外，材料特性如导热率也很重要。焊接过程的关键一步是从固态向液态的相变，所述相变下文也称为熔合温度。为了达到这一熔合温度，由于塑料的导热率低因而需要一定的加热时间。原则上，可通过提高能量剂量来缩短照射时间。但是，这一做法使得加工范围减小，造成焊接质量下降。
可把环形薄膜材料用作例如微机械部件、传感器、致动器等的一部分，同时该薄膜材料甚至为该部件的传送装置。此外，环形薄膜材料可用来包装在薄膜或待包装的其他物品上传送的这类部件。为生产如此焊接的环形薄膜，重要的是尽可能精确、但又迅速地进行焊接操作。
在审理中的2002年5月16日的欧洲专利申请02 101 925.2公开了一种方法和装置，其中，可高速焊接环形塑料薄膜，因为，塑料的预热过程由于光束形成器的特别布置而得到整合。为此使用互相压靠、方向相反的两滚轮，第一滚轮用激光光束可透过的材料制成管状，第二滚轮用表面易变形的材料制成。此外，在接触面上生成至少一束激光光束的装置设置在第一滚轮中。通过光束形成器的调节达到所需焊接速度。此外，可用整合在滚轮之一中的掩膜获得所需焊缝结构。只在焊接结构在薄膜上的位置不要求很精确的场合才可以操作这种装置。
但是，如要使得焊缝结构以高达20μm的精度实施在薄膜上特定位置上，就必须在焊接过程中相应调节掩膜。这一调节必需动态地不断进行且应完全脱离薄膜传送系统，以便可以进行高速焊接并且该高速焊接不受调节过程的影响并且速度不被打断。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是提供一种可能性，使得焊缝结构以μm级的精度实施在高速行进的塑料薄膜上的预定位置上。
按照本发明，该目的由具有方法权利要求的特征的一种方法和具有独立权利要求的特征的一种装置实现。进一步的有利改进可见各从属权利要求。
按照本发明，在塑料薄膜互相连接的焊接区中，激光光束经与薄膜同步移动的掩膜施加到薄膜上。该焊接区在下文指这样一个区：在该区中，线性激光光束照射到该薄膜上。在该焊接区中还同时把薄膜压在一起，从而使得掩膜动态地适合于待焊接结构。
按照该方法的一种优选设计，把掩膜布置成与透明薄膜相间距，用独立驱动器设定掩膜的速度。这特别考虑到掩膜的动态调节，因为这可在不间断的薄膜焊接过程中在线矫正位置。大规模生产得以确保，同时掩膜覆盖的精度高，焊缝位置正确。
按照该方法的进一步设计，用在薄膜上和在掩膜载体上的识别记号使得掩膜在到达焊接区前与薄膜速度同步。为此可使用各种方法。例如可对识别记号进行光检测后在一计算机中进行评价，然后调节掩膜的速度。
最好通过围绕轴线转动的掩膜滚轮的圆周部把激光光束施加到薄膜的焊接区上。这样做的优点是对应装置可装在尽量小的空间中。
穿透掩膜后，激光光束通过以薄膜速度转动的透明压滚施加到薄膜上。该压滚可有特定转动轴线，该压滚的转动轴线也可与掩膜滚轮的转动轴线对应。如转动轴线不同，掩膜滚轮和压滚的转动方向可相反，它们在圆周上或不在圆周上互相接触。但是，关于透明压力滚轮本发明优选实施例是这样的：激光光束通过在掩膜滚轮周围设置的压滚施加到薄膜上。为此可实施转动轴线相同或不同的压滚。最好是，透光压滚受薄膜的驱动，而掩膜滚轮受特定驱动系统的控制。因此，该滚轮的转动与该压滚和运行中的薄膜100％地同步。从而掩膜随着塑料薄膜的移动同步地转动。掩膜与塑料薄膜的相对位置取决于对掩膜滚轮的转速的调节。
在按本发明设计的装置中，掩膜布置在围绕纵向轴线转动、其速度与薄膜速度同步的掩膜滚轮上。
此外，最好是，掩膜滚轮布置在压滚之一中，两转动轴线互相平行或相同，掩膜滚轮的圆周至少在焊接区中布置在离在掩膜滚轮周围的、激光光束可透过的压滚的内圆周尽可能小的距离上。至少在焊接区中这一距离必需尽可能最小，以确保掩膜向薄膜的转移的必需精度。此时在该区域中该距离至少可小于1mm。在其他区域中该距离偏离该值的程度决定于压滚与掩膜滚轮的相对布置。
在另一设计中，掩膜滚轮上有用于进行光学检测速度的识别记号，控制装置根据掩膜滚轮转速与薄膜速度的比较结果设定掩膜滚轮转速。原则上，薄膜速度同样可由检测记号确定，但也可只由驱动滚轮的转速确定。
本发明方法和本发明装置说明了一种掩膜动态调节方法，该方法使用可较简单地整合在一装置中、可按照需要接通和切断电源的装置，焊接环状薄膜。该方法是实时的，即可以直接以受控方式使用在单向高速过程中。该调节装置可完全脱离薄膜传送机构而不影响焊接过程、特别是速度。因此薄膜的速度可很高，试验表明薄膜速度可高达每秒800mm，甚至可高达至少每秒1000mm。
附图说明
以下结合单个附图用一例示性实施例详细说明本发明。该附图示出本发明装置的基本结构。
围绕驱动轴3转动的并且透明的掩膜滚轮1上有掩膜结构20和用作识别记号21的刻痕。通过滚轮架4随待互相焊接在一起的薄膜13和14的运动而被动转动的透明压滚2围绕掩膜滚轮1设置。掩膜滚轮1经驱动轴3由驱动装置5转动。
在该例示性实施例中，薄膜13为吸收性薄膜，薄膜14为透明薄膜，它们运动到可作垂直运动的压滚6的前方，并且被压缸7对着连接在一起的薄膜23和压滚2压力挤压。不透明压滚6的转动方向26与压滚2和掩膜滚轮1的转动方向25、27相反。压滚6也是被动轮，它的受压面柔软，以焊接过程中在焊接区中提供用于薄膜更长的的压力区。连接在一起的薄膜23的运动方向如箭头24所示。
吸收性薄膜13的底面上可有如金属薄膜的结构。此外，它的边缘上有用作识别记号19的细的划线。这些识别记号由光检测装置检测后经导线15传送到信号处理装置17。相应地，掩膜滚轮1的记号21同样由光检测装置11读取后经导线16传送到信号处理装置17。信号处理装置17把对应信号经导线22传送到驱动控制器28。
用从激光光源10发出的激光光束9进行焊接，掩膜滚轮1中有一偏光镜8，以便将该激光光束聚焦到所需位置上。原则上，需要时也可用活动偏光装置把该激光光束移动到薄膜上一特殊区域上。
可通过检测到达焊接区之前不久薄膜13的实际位置和掩膜20的实际位置实现掩膜滚轮1与待焊接塑料薄膜13、14的同步。为此，在塑料薄膜13和掩膜滚轮1上都设置清楚界定周期的特别的相同的识别记号19、21。在该例示性实施例中把细的划线用作识别记号。也可使用其他公知记号。这些细的划线的几何形状决定于对调节精度的要求和所需最大焊接速度。
薄膜13上的识别记号19与有用结构18的相对位置关系保持不变。可用光检测器11和12如挡光板，非常精确、迅速地检测这些记号。根据对测量信号作出的比较，可确定关于掩膜20与薄膜13的相对位置的信息，然后可用该信息控制掩膜滚轮1的转速。该调节在这个情况中不断矫正掩膜滚轮的位置。焊接后可用一摄像系统检查焊接结果。

Claims (10)

1、一种用激光光束(9)掩膜焊接移动塑料薄膜(13，14)的方法，其中，透明薄膜(14)被激光光束(9)穿透后在预定部位连接到吸收性薄膜(13)上，因为，激光光束(9)在一焊接区中通过与薄膜(13，14)同步移动的掩膜(20)施加到薄膜(13，14)上。
2、按权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，掩膜(20)布置成与透明薄膜(14)相间隔，掩膜(20)的速度由独立驱动器(5)设定。
3、按权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，掩膜(20)在达到焊接区前通过在薄膜(13)上和在掩膜载体(1)上的识别记号(19，21)被同步。
4、按上述任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，激光光束(9)通过围绕轴线(3)转动、最好被主动驱动的掩膜滚轮(1)的圆周部施加到在焊接区中的薄膜(13，14)上。
5、按权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，激光光束(9)在掩膜(20)下游通过以薄膜速度转动、最好是被动驱动的透明压滚(2)施加到薄膜(13，14)上。
6、按权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，激光光束(9)经围绕掩膜滚轮(1)设置的压滚(2)施加到薄膜(13，14)上。
7、按权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，通过对识别记号(19，21)的比较、然后相应调节掩膜(20)的速度实现掩膜速度与薄膜速度的同步。
8、一种用激光光束掩膜焊接移动薄膜的装置，包括激光光源(10)，把薄膜(13，14)传送到焊接区的装置，至少在焊接区把薄膜(13，14)压在一起的至少一个上部压滚(6)和一个下部压滚(2)，其中，掩膜(20)布置在围绕纵向轴线(3)转动的掩膜滚轮(1)上，该掩膜滚轮的速度可与薄膜速度同步。
9、按权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，掩膜滚轮(1)布置在压滚(2，6)之一中，两转动轴线(3，4)互相平行或相同，掩膜滚轮(1)的圆周至少在焊接区中布置距离在掩膜滚轮(1)周围的激光光束可透过的压滚(2)的内圆周尽可能最小的距离上。
10、按权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，掩膜滚轮(1)上有用来光学检测速度的识别记号，控制装置(28)根据掩膜滚轮(1)转速与薄膜(13，14)速度的比较结果设定掩膜滚轮转速。
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