CN1593807A - Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear - Google Patents
Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN1593807A CN1593807A CN 03126356 CN03126356A CN1593807A CN 1593807 A CN1593807 A CN 1593807A CN 03126356 CN03126356 CN 03126356 CN 03126356 A CN03126356 A CN 03126356A CN 1593807 A CN1593807 A CN 1593807A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a kind of techniques for straight spur gear precision cold-forming and correspondent device. Within the pressure the cold-working can afford, the invention adopts the cold-forming forming method with floating die to crush from two directions, producing straight spur gear of complete teeth with only one step. The mould used for the device consists of two sections: the upper section includes upper oil cylinder, jaw, upper flatten, and upper drift, and the under section includes die, under flatten, under oil cylinder and under drift. When press machine moves downward, jaw, upper flatten, and upper drift are pressed to move down also while the under drift does not move. The die, and the under flatten are propped up by the under oil cylinder. The die floats down at a certain speed, crushing the bar stock in it from two sides and finish forming. At the end faces of the upper drift and the under drift are raised bars. When crushing from two sides, the bar stock in the die is squeezed out of the bore, then the two drifts crush it from two sides and finish the process. The invention finishes forming with only one step. The technique is simple and effective, meeting the demand of saving the forming time, energy and material.
Description
(1) technical field
The invention belongs to cold closed-die forging technology and device thereof in the machine industry, be specially adapted to the production of straight spur gear.
(2) background technology
It has not been the engineering difficulty that straight spur gear (height H and the diameter D) spur gear that H/D is bigger at present can solve with the forward extrusion method, but the straight spur gear great majority are flat flats, general H/D＜1/2 ~ 1/10, and the platypelloid type gear, can only adopt the drift of band profile of tooth, jumping-up blank in the profile of tooth die, make the blank Radial Flow and be shaped, as shown in Figure 1, because the profile of tooth of die 2 progressively narrows down, so critical path is full of profile of tooth to flowing be quite difficult, or the quite high extrusion stress of needs (can be up to 3000 ~ 4000Mpa), mould is held can't stand, the highest allowable stress of cold forging die is generally≤2500Mpa, so the maximum difficult point that straight spur gear is shaped is will seek profile of tooth is full of and the stressed cold forming method that is no more than tolerance zone of mould.
Research is all arranged at present both at home and abroad, Fig. 2 is the artwork of the two step method cold forming gear of Japan, first step elder generation preform, the preform blank that is shaped and is not full of profile of tooth, it is high that the gear that aspect ratio is shaped is eventually wanted, then this blank punching, the preform that this is with holes carries out the shaping eventually of second step again, reduce shaping stress with mesopore shunting shaping, make the shaping Stress Control in the mould tolerance zone, other countries are studied with similar two step method, the Al of China University Of Nanchang, materials such as Pb carry out simulated test to differing formed method, but all do not carry out overtesting with steel.The steel straight-tooth gear (as shown in Figure 3) that has been shaped is tested with two step method by certain university, and according to the data introduction, they promptly use two step forming processes, the measure of mesopore shunting decompression, and its shaping stress is still up to 3000Mpa.Domestic and international research all is shaped the cold forming straight-tooth gear with the shunting of two step method mesopore, but complex process needs preform, punching, is shaped eventually, also need intermediate annealing and the secondary that have lubricate, technological process is long, loses efficient, the characteristics of energy saving of precision form, applies in industrial being difficult to.
(3) summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is just in order to overcome above-mentioned existing in prior technology problems and shortcomings, and studies successfully a kind of straight spur gear cold precision forming technique and device thereof, but the direct forming straight spur gear, and its precision reaches 8 grades.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: straight spur gear cold precision forming technique of the present invention can make straight spur gear one step forming in cold mold material intensity allowable stress (2500Mpa) scope go out the gear that profile of tooth is full of.
Used building mortion adopts the unsteady two-way upsetting squeeze one step forming of die, in order on single action press, to realize the technology of two-way upsetting squeeze, the two-way upsetting squeeze device of special development one cover fluid pressure type, its structure as shown in Figure 4, it comprises low punch, last lower platen, oil cylinder up and down, die, slide block and mould bases are formed, wherein: this device is for realize the custom-designed cover fluid pressure type device of two-way upsetting squeeze on single action press, upper cylinder (6) is located at mould bases (10) top, following oil cylinder (7) is located at mould bases (10) bottom, below upper cylinder (6), contact above the slide block (9), contact below with above the top board (8), below the top board (8) with top contact of die (2), contact with die (2) bottom surface above the lower platen (8), below with following oil cylinder (7) above contact, on, following oil cylinder (6) (7) is respectively established a petroleum pipeline (11) and is connected with externally mounted fuel tank.
In the present invention, described mould bases (10) is the upper and lower two parts of branch, upper cylinder (6), slide block (9), top board (8), upper punch (3) are arranged in the first half, and mould bases (10) has die (2), lower platen (8), following oil cylinder (7), low punch (4) in the latter half; On described, low punch (3) (4) tip designs has projection, upper punch (3) tail surface contacts with mould bases (10) the first half inner top surface, excircle connects with slide block (9), and contact with top board (8), low punch (4) tail surface with at the bottom of mould bases (10) Lower Half above contact, excircle contacts with lower platen (8), on, after two-way upsetting squeeze process begins down, on, low punch top projection contacts blank (1) at first and goes out the hole, go up then, low punch (3) (4) face contact blank (1), until final upsetting extrusion straight spur gear (5), two-way upsetting squeeze process goes up from the beginning to the end, low punch (3) (4) top front end outer peripheral face contacts with die (2) inner headed face; This device replaces with the parts in addition that low punch (3) (4) and die (2) can two-way other shapes of upsetting squeeze.
Operation principle of the present invention and process are as follows:
After blank 1 is put into die 2, forcing press is descending, pressing plate 8 contacts with die 2, forcing press continues descending, oil in last hydraulic cylinder 6 and the following hydraulic cylinder 7 effluxes by petroleum pipeline 11 to externally mounted fuel tank, oil extraction pressure can be regulated as required, die 2 beginnings are descending, after treating upper punch 3 and low punch 4 contacting blank 1, promptly begin two-way upsetting extrusion process, because upper punch 3 is descending with press ram 9, if upper punch 3 downstream rates are V1, because on mould bases 10 design is, following hydraulic jack 6,7, by petroleum pipeline 11 constant speed to the externally mounted fuel tank oil extraction, when forcing press is descending, two hydraulic jacks 6 then, the speed of 7 outside oil extractions is V
1/ 2, at this moment 2 of dies are with V
1/ 2 speed is floated downwards, and upper punch 3 relative dies 2 have V
1/ 2 relative velocity, low punch 4 relative dies 2 also have V
1/ 2 relative velocity, forcing press is descending, after upper and lower drift 3,4 contacts blank 1 simultaneously, just simultaneously blank 1 uniform velocity is carried out two-way upsetting squeeze up and down,, use the present invention until last shaping straight spur gear 5, as calculated and through actual measurement, two-way upsetting extrusion can reduce plastic force 30%.
In addition, upper and lower drift 3,4 tip designs have the projection in crowded hole, projection contacts blank 1 at first, when extrusion blank 1 Radial Flow is full of profile of tooth, also make blank 1 to increasing direction deformation, have a upsetting extrusion to be full of the effect of profile of tooth when treating drift 3,4 and blank 1 comprehensive engagement, this has also reduced shaping stress.Owing to taked above-mentioned measure, make shaping stress drop to 1800～2000Mpa, within the scope of the allowable stress 2500Mpa of mold materials, so can in industrial production, obtain practical application, several gears that have been shaped at present, the accuracy of gear can reach 8 grades, concerning most of gear, the flank of tooth can not reprocessed, and the gear high to required precision can add postorder shaving or roll flute operation.
The present invention has following effect:
1, the technology quick-reading flow sheets is short, reaches the purpose of efficient, energy-conservation, the material-saving of cold accurate upsetting squeeze.
2, at present in actual applications to the planar gear of straight spur gear, can realize that height and diameter are H/D＜1/2 ~ 1/5 than (high H and diameter D), production application.
3, only need a cover shaping mould bases of one-step method, saved mold materials and processing charges.
4, form of gear tooth precision height, the production efficiency height.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 straight spur gear upsetting squeeze Radial Flow shaping schematic diagram.
Among the figure: 1 is drift, and 2 is die, and 3 is blank, and 4 is backing plate.
The artwork of the two step method cold forming gear of Fig. 2 Japan.
The artwork of the two step method cold forming gear of Fig. 3 China university.
Fig. 4 blank schematic diagram.1 is blank among the figure.
The two-way upsetting squeeze one-step method of Fig. 5 floating cavity die of the present invention cold forming device schematic diagram (Figure of abstract)
Among the figure: 2 is die, and 3 is upper punch, and 4 is low punch, 5 gears for shaping, and 6 is last hydraulic jack, and 7 are following hydraulic jack, and 8 is pressing plate, and 9 is slide block, and 10 is mould bases, and 11 is petroleum pipeline.
(5) specific embodiment
The present invention is as follows with structure, action description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Shown in Fig. 4,5: blank 1 is put into die 2, and forcing press is descending, and two hydraulic jacks 6,7 are by petroleum pipeline 11 outside oil extractions, and forcing press continues descending, and top board 8 contacts with die 2, and die 2 beginnings are descending, upper and lower drift 3,4 contact blanks 1.Begin two-way upsetting squeeze process, upper and lower hydraulic jack 6,7 continues oil extraction, and the projection of upper and lower drift 3,4 portals to blank 1 upsetting squeeze simultaneously, and the punch face of upper and lower drift 3,4 is simultaneously to blank 1 upsetting squeeze, tooth die is full of and finishes cold accurate upsetting extrusion gear 5 around die 2, the upsetting squeeze process finishes, and forcing press is up, upper and lower hydraulic jack oil return, liftout tank, head punch 4 ejects gear 5, takes out formed gear 5, puts blank 1 again into and repeats above action.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of straight spur gear cold precision forming technique is characterized in that: can make straight spur gear one step forming in cold mold material intensity allowable stress (2500Mpa) scope go out the gear that profile of tooth is full of.
2, a kind of building mortion that is used for the described straight spur gear cold precision forming technique of claim 1, it is by last low punch, last lower platen, oil cylinder up and down, die, slide block and mould bases are formed, it is characterized in that: this device is for realize the custom-designed cover fluid pressure type device of two-way upsetting squeeze on single action press, upper cylinder (6) is located at mould bases (10) top, following oil cylinder (7) is located at mould bases (10) bottom, below upper cylinder (6), contact above the slide block (9), contact below with above the top board (8), below the top board (8) with top contact of die (2), contact with die (2) bottom surface above the lower platen (8), below with following oil cylinder (7) above contact, on, following oil cylinder (6) (7) is respectively established a petroleum pipeline (11) and is connected with externally mounted fuel tank.
3, building mortion according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: mould bases (10) is two parts up and down, upper cylinder (6), slide block (9), top board (8), upper punch (3) are arranged in the first half, mould bases (10) has die (2), lower platen (8), following oil cylinder (7), low punch (4) in the latter half.
4, building mortion according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: on, low punch (3) (4) tip designs has projection, upper punch (3) tail surface contacts with mould bases (10) the first half inner top surface, excircle connects with slide block (9), and contact with top board (8), low punch (4) tail surface with at the bottom of mould bases (10) Lower Half above contact, excircle contacts with lower platen (8), after two-way up and down upsetting squeeze process begins, last low punch top projection contacts blank (1) at first and goes out the hole, go up low punch (3) (4) face contact blank (1) then, until final upsetting extrusion straight spur gear (5), two-way upsetting squeeze overall process goes up all the time, low punch (3) (4) top front end outer peripheral face contacts with die (2) inner headed face.
5, building mortion according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the parts in addition of replace with, low punch (3) (4) and die (2) can two-way other shapes of upsetting squeeze.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031263569A CN100439004C (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031263569A CN100439004C (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1593807A true CN1593807A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
| CN100439004C CN100439004C (en) | 2008-12-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031263569A Expired - Fee Related CN100439004C (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear |
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| CN (1) | CN100439004C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102152088A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-08-17 | 盐城市金洲机械制造有限公司 | Processing technique of oil pump gear and extruding knife used thereby |
| CN103192016A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-07-10 | 郑州机械研究所 | Cold precision forming device for asymmetric large-diameter spur gears |
| CN106607669A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-05-03 | Atf奥厄零件生产有限责任公司 | Method and tool for producing sharp tooth support rings |
| CN107081399A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-08-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of multiple degrees of freedom active shunt manufacturing process |
| CN110434263A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of helicopter large modulus straight spur gear precision forging shunting decompression combined shaping method and its mold |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102248108B (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2013-01-02 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Straight gear precision forging forming device with controllable floating female die movement |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS632531A (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-01-07 | Yokoyama Seisakusho:Kk | Manufacture of spur gear |
| CN1102144A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-03 | 青岛建筑工程学院 | Spur gear precision die stamping-push-press forming process and its equipment |
| US5465597A (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 1995-11-14 | Ford Motor Company | Extrusion forming of internal helical splines |
| JPH0910883A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-01-14 | Hitachi Ltd | Formation of gear |
| JP3581623B2 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2004-10-27 | 道弘 横山 | Hydraulic press machine |
| JP3662524B2 (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2005-06-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Gear forming method and gear forming apparatus |
-
2003
- 2003-09-11 CN CNB031263569A patent/CN100439004C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102152088A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-08-17 | 盐城市金洲机械制造有限公司 | Processing technique of oil pump gear and extruding knife used thereby |
| CN103192016A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-07-10 | 郑州机械研究所 | Cold precision forming device for asymmetric large-diameter spur gears |
| CN106607669A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-05-03 | Atf奥厄零件生产有限责任公司 | Method and tool for producing sharp tooth support rings |
| CN107081399A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-08-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of multiple degrees of freedom active shunt manufacturing process |
| CN110434263A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of helicopter large modulus straight spur gear precision forging shunting decompression combined shaping method and its mold |
| CN110434263B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Shunting and depressurizing composite forming method for precision forging of straight spur gear and die thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100439004C (en) | 2008-12-03 |
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Granted publication date: 20081203 |