CN100439004C - Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear - Google Patents
Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN100439004C CN100439004C CNB031263569A CN03126356A CN100439004C CN 100439004 C CN100439004 C CN 100439004C CN B031263569 A CNB031263569 A CN B031263569A CN 03126356 A CN03126356 A CN 03126356A CN 100439004 C CN100439004 C CN 100439004C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a cold precise forming technology for a spur gear and a device thereof. The technology is characterized in that the cold precision forming technology with a floating female die in a two-way upsetting and extruding way is adopted, the spur gear can be formed into a gear with full tooth shape in a one-step way within the range of the allowable stress of the intensity of die cold working materials. A die frame of the special device is divided into an upper part and a lower part, an upper oil cylinder, a slide block, an upper pressing plate and an upper punch are arranged in the upper half part, and a female die, a lower pressing plate, a lower oil cylinder and a lower punch are arranged in the lower half part. When a pressing machine moves down and the slide block, the upper pressing plate and the upper punch move down by the press of the upper oil cylinder, the lower punch does not move, the female die and the lower pressing plate are held by the pressure of the lower oil cylinder, the female die floats down at a relative speed, and the two-way upset, extrusion and forming for blanks in the female die is realized. The end surfaces of the upper punch and the lower punch are provided with protrusions to carry out the two-way upset and extrusion, the blanks in the female die are firstly upset and extruded with holes, and then, the upper punch and the lower punch continuously carry out the two-way upset and extrusion until forming finally. The technology has the advantages of one-step forming, simple manufacturing process, short flow, and high efficiency, energy-saving and material saving for the cold precision upset and extrusion.
Description
(1) technical field
The invention belongs to cold precision process and device thereof in the machine industry, particularly a kind of straight spur gear cold precision forming device.
(2) background technology
It has not been the engineering difficulty that straight spur gear (height H and the diameter D) spur gear that H/D is bigger at present can solve with the forward extrusion method, but the straight spur gear great majority are flat flats, general H/D＜1/2～1/10, and the platypelloid type gear, can only adopt the drift of band profile of tooth, jumping-up blank in the profile of tooth die, make the blank Radial Flow and be shaped, as shown in Figure 1, because the profile of tooth of die 2 progressively narrows down, so critical path is full of profile of tooth to flowing be quite difficult, or the quite high extrusion stress of needs (can be up to 3000～4000Mpa), mould is held can't stand, the highest allowable stress of cold forging die is generally≤2500Mpa, so the maximum difficult point that straight spur gear is shaped is to seek to make profile of tooth to be full of and the stressed cold forming method that is no more than tolerance zone of mould.
Research is all arranged at present both at home and abroad, Fig. 2 is the artwork of the two step method cold forming gear of Japan, first step elder generation preform, the preform blank that is shaped and is not full of profile of tooth, it is high that the gear that aspect ratio is shaped is eventually wanted, then this blank punching, the preform blank that this is with holes carries out the shaping eventually of second step again, reduce shaping stress with mesopore shunting shaping, make the shaping Stress Control at the mould allowable stress range, other country is also studied with similar two step method, the Al of China University Of Nanchang, materials such as Pb carry out simulated test to differing formed method, but all do not carry out overtesting with steel.The steel straight-tooth gear (as shown in Figure 3) that has been shaped is tested with two step method by certain university, and according to the data introduction, they promptly use two step forming processes, the measure of mesopore shunting decompression, and its shaping stress is still up to 3000Mpa.Domestic and international research all is shaped the cold forming straight-tooth gear with the shunting of two step method mesopore, but complex process needs preform, punching, is shaped eventually, also need intermediate annealing and the secondary that have lubricate, technological process is long, loses efficient, the characteristics of energy saving of precision form, applies in industrial being difficult to.
(3) summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is just in order to overcome above-mentioned existing in prior technology problems and shortcomings, and studies a kind of straight spur gear cold precision forming device successfully, but the direct forming straight spur gear, and its precision reaches 8 grades.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: straight spur gear cold precision forming device of the present invention can make straight spur gear one step forming in cold mold material intensity allowable stress (2500Mpa) scope go out the gear that profile of tooth is full of.
Used building mortion adopts the unsteady two-way upsetting squeeze one step forming of die, in order on single action press, to realize the technology of two-way upsetting squeeze, the two-way upsetting squeeze device of special development one cover fluid pressure type, its structure as shown in Figure 5, it comprises low punch, last lower platen, oil cylinder up and down, die, slide block and mould bases are formed, wherein: this device is for realize the custom-designed cover fluid pressure type device of two-way upsetting squeeze on single action press, upper cylinder (6) is located at mould bases (10) top, following oil cylinder (7) is located at mould bases (10) bottom, below upper cylinder (6), contact above the slide block (9), contact below with above the top board (8), below the top board (8) with top contact of die (2), contact with die (2) bottom surface above the lower platen (8), contact below with above the oil cylinder (7), on, following oil cylinder (6,7) is respectively established a petroleum pipeline (11) and is connected with externally mounted fuel tank.
In the present invention, described mould bases (10) is the upper and lower two parts of branch, upper cylinder (6), slide block (9), top board (8), upper punch (3) are arranged in the first half, and mould bases (10) has die (2), lower platen (8), following oil cylinder (7), drift (4) in the latter half; On described, low punch (3,4) tip designs has projection, upper punch (3) tail surface contacts with mould bases (10) the first half inner top surface, excircle connects with slide block (9), and contact with top board (8), low punch (4) tail surface with at the bottom of mould bases (10) Lower Half above contact, excircle contacts with lower platen (8), on, after two-way upsetting squeeze process begins down, on, low punch top projection contacts blank (1) at first and goes out the hole, goes up then, low punch (3,4) face contact blank (1), until final upsetting extrusion straight spur gear (5), two-way upsetting squeeze process goes up from the beginning to the end, low punch (3,4) top front end outer peripheral face contacts with die (2) inner headed face; The parts that this device replaces with, low punch (3,4) and die (2) can two-way other shapes of upsetting squeeze.
Operation principle of the present invention and process are as follows:
After blank 1 is put into die 2, forcing press is descending, pressing plate 8 contacts with die, and forcing press continues descending, and the oil in last hydraulic cylinder 6 and the following hydraulic cylinder 7 effluxes by petroleum pipeline 11 to externally mounted fuel tank, oil extraction pressure can be regulated as required, die 2 beginnings are descending, after treating upper punch 3 and low punch 4 contacting blank 1, promptly begin two-way upsetting extrusion process, because upper punch 3 is descending with press ram 9, establishing upper punch 3 downstream rates is V
1, because mould bases 10 designs are upper and lower hydraulic jacks 6,7, to the externally mounted fuel tank oil extraction, when forcing press was descending, then the speed of two hydraulic jack 6,7 outside oil extractions was V by petroleum pipeline 11 constant speed
1/ 2, at this moment 2 of dies are with V
1/ 2 speed is floated downwards, and upper punch 3 has V with respect to die 2
1/ 2 relative velocity, low punch 4 relative dies 2 also have V
1/ 2 relative velocity, forcing press is descending, after upper and lower drift 3,4 contacts blank 1 simultaneously, just simultaneously blank 1 uniform velocity is carried out two-way upsetting squeeze up and down,, use the present invention until last shaping straight spur gear 5, as calculated and through actual measurement, two-way upsetting extrusion can reduce plastic force 30%.
In addition, upper and lower drift 3,4 tip designs have the projection in crowded hole, projection contacts blank 1 at first, when extrusion blank 1 Radial Flow is full of profile of tooth, also make blank 1 to increasing the direction distortion, have a upsetting extrusion to be full of the effect of profile of tooth when treating drift 3,4 and blank 1 comprehensive engagement, this has also reduced shaping stress.Owing to taked above-mentioned measure, make shaping stress reduce by 1800～2000Mpa, in the scope of the allowable stress 2500Mpa of mold materials, so can obtain practical application in industrial production, with several gears of shaping, the accuracy of gear can reach 8 grades at present, concerning most of gear, the flank of tooth can not reprocessed, and the gear high to required precision can add postorder shaving or roll flute operation.
The present invention has following effect:
1, the technology quick-reading flow sheets is short, reaches the purpose of efficient, energy-conservation, the material-saving of cold accurate upsetting squeeze.
2,, can realize that height is the production application of H/D＜1/2～1/5 with diameter than (high H and diameter D) at present in actual applications to the planar gear of straight spur gear.
3, only need a cover shaping mould bases of one-step method, saved mold materials and processing charges.
4, form of gear tooth precision height, the production efficiency height.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 straight spur gear upsetting squeeze Radial Flow shaping schematic diagram
Among the figure: 1 ' be drift, 2 ' be die, 3 ' be blank, 4 ' be backing plate.
The artwork of the two step method cold forming gear of Fig. 2 Japan.
The artwork of the two step method cold forming gear of Fig. 3 China university.
Fig. 4 blank schematic diagram.1 is blank among the figure.
The two-way upsetting squeeze one-step method of Fig. 5 floating cavity die of the present invention cold forming device schematic diagram (Figure of abstract)
Among the figure: 2 is die, and 3 is upper punch, and 4 is low punch, 4 gears for shaping, and 6 is last hydraulic jack, and 7 are following hydraulic jack, and 8 is pressing plate, and 9 is slide block, and 10 is mould bases, and 11 is petroleum pipeline.
(5) specific embodiment
The present invention is as follows with structure, action description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Shown in Fig. 4,5: blank 1 is put into die 2, and forcing press is descending, and two hydraulic jacks 6,7 are by petroleum pipeline 11 outside oil extractions, and forcing press continues descending, and top board 8 contacts with die 2, and die 2 beginnings are descending, upper and lower drift 3,4 contact blanks 1.Begin two-way upsetting squeeze process, upper and lower hydraulic jack 6,7 continues oil extraction, and the projection of upper and lower drift 3,4 portals to blank 1 upsetting squeeze simultaneously, and the punch face of upper and lower drift 3,4 is simultaneously to blank 1 upsetting squeeze, tooth die is full of and finishes cold accurate upsetting extrusion gear 5 around die 2, the upsetting squeeze process finishes, and forcing press is up, upper and lower hydraulic jack oil return, liftout tank, head punch 4 ejects gear 5, takes out formed gear 5, puts blank 1 again into and repeats above action.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of straight spur gear cold precision forming device, it is characterized in that: this building mortion is by having on the profile of tooth, low punch (3,4), on, lower platen (8), on, following oil cylinder (6,7), die (2), slide block (9) and mould bases (10) are common to be formed, upper cylinder (6) is located at mould bases (10) top, following oil cylinder (7) is located at mould bases (10) bottom, below upper cylinder (6), contact above the slide block (9), contact below with above the top board (8), below the top board (8) with top contact of die (2), contact with die (2) bottom surface above the lower platen (8), below with following oil cylinder (7) above contact, on, following oil cylinder (6,7) is respectively established a petroleum pipeline (11) and is connected with externally mounted fuel tank; Upper and lower drift (3,4) tip designs has projection, after two-way up and down upsetting squeeze process began, last low punch top projection contacted blank (1) at first and goes out the hole, upper and lower then drift (3,4) face contact blank (1), go out the straight spur gear (5) of one step forming, two-way upsetting squeeze overall process, upper and lower all the time drift (3 until final upsetting squeeze, 4) front end outer peripheral face in top contacts with die (2) inner headed face, to guarantee the accuracy of gear.
2, straight spur gear cold precision forming device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: mould bases (10) is two parts up and down, upper cylinder (6), slide block (9), top board (8), upper punch (3), mould bases (10) are arranged in the first half, die (2), lower platen (8), following oil cylinder (7), low punch (4) are arranged in the latter half.
3, straight spur gear cold precision forming device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the parts of replace with, low punch (3,4) and die (2) can two-way other shapes of upsetting squeeze.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031263569A CN100439004C (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031263569A CN100439004C (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1593807A CN1593807A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
| CN100439004C true CN100439004C (en) | 2008-12-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031263569A Expired - Fee Related CN100439004C (en) | 2003-09-11 | 2003-09-11 | Cold precise forming technology and equipment of spur gear |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN100439004C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102248108A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2011-11-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Straight gear precision forging forming device with controllable floating female die movement |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102152088A (en) * | 2011-01-30 | 2011-08-17 | 盐城市金洲机械制造有限公司 | Processing technique of oil pump gear and extruding knife used thereby |
| CN103192016B (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2015-08-05 | 郑州机械研究所 | Asymmetric large-diameter straight spur gear cold precision forming device |
| DE102015013831B4 (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2018-04-19 | Atf Auer Teilefertigung Gmbh | Method and tool for producing roof tooth carrier rings |
| CN107081399A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-08-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of multiple degrees of freedom active shunt manufacturing process |
| CN110434263B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Shunting and depressurizing composite forming method for precision forging of straight spur gear and die thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4797986A (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1989-01-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yokoyama Seisakusho | Spur gear manufacturing process |
| CN1102144A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-03 | 青岛建筑工程学院 | Spur gear precision die stamping-push-press forming process and its equipment |
| US5465597A (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 1995-11-14 | Ford Motor Company | Extrusion forming of internal helical splines |
| US5746085A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1998-05-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Gear forming method |
| JP2001225117A (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-21 | Michihiro Yokoyama | Hydraulic press |
| JP2003025039A (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-28 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Gear forming method and gear forming device |
-
2003
- 2003-09-11 CN CNB031263569A patent/CN100439004C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4797986A (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1989-01-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Yokoyama Seisakusho | Spur gear manufacturing process |
| CN1102144A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-03 | 青岛建筑工程学院 | Spur gear precision die stamping-push-press forming process and its equipment |
| US5465597A (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 1995-11-14 | Ford Motor Company | Extrusion forming of internal helical splines |
| US5746085A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1998-05-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Gear forming method |
| JP2001225117A (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-21 | Michihiro Yokoyama | Hydraulic press |
| JP2003025039A (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-28 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Gear forming method and gear forming device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102248108A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2011-11-23 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Straight gear precision forging forming device with controllable floating female die movement |
| CN102248108B (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2013-01-02 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Straight gear precision forging forming device with controllable floating female die movement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1593807A (en) | 2005-03-16 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20081203 |