CN1582462A - 抖动方法和抖动装置 - Google Patents

抖动方法和抖动装置 Download PDF

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CN1582462A
CN1582462A CNA028018060A CN02801806A CN1582462A CN 1582462 A CN1582462 A CN 1582462A CN A028018060 A CNA028018060 A CN A028018060A CN 02801806 A CN02801806 A CN 02801806A CN 1582462 A CN1582462 A CN 1582462A
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CN100454365C (zh
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G·D·黑拉
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/296—Driving circuits for producing the waveforms applied to the driving electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2044—Display of intermediate tones using dithering
    • G09G3/2051—Display of intermediate tones using dithering with use of a spatial dither pattern
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
    • G09G2320/0276—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping for the purpose of adaptation to the characteristics of a display device, i.e. gamma correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/2803—Display of gradations

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Control Of Gas Discharge Display Tubes (AREA)
  • Facsimile Image Signal Circuits (AREA)
  • Color Image Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于将N位的数字值分配给一个像素的抖动方法，其中图像信号包括一个M位的像素值，M大于N(M＞N)，(M－N)位的(伪)随机数被加到M位的初始像素值上，然后将相加的结果按N位截断，因此被加到2个或2个以上邻接像素值上的随机值是互为关联的。

Description

抖动方法和抖动装置
本文涉及一种抖动方法和抖动装置。特别是在等离子体显示板(PDPs)情况下，还有在诸如等离子体寻址液晶显示(PALCs)情况下，发生的问题之一是因为一个像素可供使用的位数的物理限制使之对一种特定颜色不可能以足够的深度加以显示。由于缺少时间，在PDPs情况下例如每一图像周期可能是6至8位，而可供使用的(颜色)信息例如是10至12位。
众所周知，诸如Floyd-Steinberg的抖动算法，误差扩散等是用于补偿截断误差。
例如，美国专利US-A-5,404,176是将一种颜色分量(R，G，B)的一位值和一随机数相加，因而补偿截断误差。
本发明的目的是提供一种好的抖动方法和抖动装置，而其中的计算并不十分复杂，所要求的硬件和/或软件仍然有限。
本发明提供一种将N位数字值分配给一个像素的一种颜色分量的抖动方法，其中图像信号包括M位的像素值，而M大于N(M＞N)。将位的(伪)随机数(M-N)加到M位的初始像素值上，然后对相加的结果按N位截断，因而被加到2个或2个以上邻接(颜色)像素值上的2个或2个以上随机值是相互关联的。
按照本发明，可以将用于抖动噪声的(软件)计算同对PDPs特别重要的γ校正相结合。如果采用同γ校正相结合，根据本发明的算法对一个计算容量为1000MHz的处理器只增加27 MHz，而按照Floyd-Steinberg算法则增加119MHz，相对该处理器的容量，本方法的负载为小于3％，而不是Floyd-Steinberg算法的12％。
优选地2个随机数是互为倒数，更优选地是4个随机数源自于一个公用的随机发生器，其中每对随机数互为倒数。因此所谓的“蓝噪声”是在比该值不相关联时更高的频率段获得的，这对人的视觉系统(HVS)是有利的。
为了保持邻接像素的亮度尽可能恒定，将分别不同的互关联随机数加到尽可能远的邻接像素的红(R)，绿(G)和蓝(B)的相应像素值上。
本发明进一步提供尤其是使用等离子体显示板的抖动装置。
以下参照附图的阐述将清晰地展示本发明的其它优点，特征和细节，其中：
图1为所采用本发明方法和装置的硬件结构的一种优选实施方案的方框图；
图2为所采用本方法的一种优选实施方案的方框图；
图3为所采用本装置的一种优选实施方案的方框图；
图4是从图2的方框图得到的视频图像中邻接像素颜色分量的不同值的加法表；和
图5A，5B和5C是包含在图1-3的实施方案中的高频蓝噪声的实例图形。
个人计算机(PC)主机装配有称为TriMedia TM 1100的开发板12和用户PDP接口14；TriMedia TM 1100的开发板同PC主机的内部总线13相连，接口14连接到图示指定的等离子体显示15。TriMediaTM 1100开发板12还和发生模拟信号(例如CVBS或YC格式信号)的视频源16相连，该模拟信号在TriMedia板上被转换成例如YUV 4:2:2交错视频流的数字信号。TriMedia处理器将这种图像转换成逐行RGB数据(每种颜色8位，即24位RGB信号)。
在本优选实施方案中，线性同余发生器21(linear congruentialgenerator)(图2)提供一个例如根据下式的32位的伪随机数：
Xn+1＝(A·Xn+C)(模232)
对于A＝1，5，9，13...(1(模4))和c为奇数得到该发生器的可能最长间期。从该伪随机发生器的更有效部分分别借助于反相器22，23得到(M-N)位的两个伪随机数，分别为c和a，它们的倒数(inverted value)分别为d和b。
发生器21的输出的更有效位较之于上述更有效位较少关联。
在本实施方案中，数M例如是12，数N例如是7，2个5位数作为噪声在相加器31(图3)内相加，此后将该和在截断构件532中进行截断，一种7位的“视频分量输出”(R，G或B)作为视频分量被提供给PDP显示15。
同样地应用倒数值b和d对较高频段形成噪声，它对人的视觉系统的干扰较小。
在对该噪声发生器21单次迭代之后得到互关联值a-d，从而得到所谓的“蓝噪声”(图5A，5B和5C)。噪声信号N(图5C)的一个实例是例如将它加到G(或R或B)的“视频分量输入端”。这一信号N可以被分解成噪声信号N’和调制载波C。
如图4所示，值a，b，c和d被加到4个邻接水平像素的颜色信号R0-R4，G0-G4和B0-B4上使得针对这些相邻颜色值的两个在某一时刻互为关联，如上面所述它对于人的视觉系统是有益的。
另外，根据该图，邻接像素的亮度(图5A，5B和5C)Y(＝0.3R+0.59G+0.11B)得以总体维持。
本发明并不限于上述优选实施方案；下面的权利要求规定了所要求保护的权利，在这一权利范围内可以预期会有许多修改，特别是针对本装置(和方法)的某些部分的硬件和软件的可能交换。

Claims (10)

1.用于将N位的数字值分配给像素的一种抖动方法，其中该图像信号包括1个M位的像素值，其中M大于N(M＞N)，一个(M-N)位的(伪)随机数被加到M位的一个初始像素值上，然后将相加的结果按N位截断，使加到2个或2个以上邻接(颜色)像素值上的随机值相互关联。
2.权利要求1中所要求保护的方法，其中随机数中的两个是互为倒数。
3.权利要求1中所要求保护的方法，其中4个随机数源自于一个公用随机发生器和各对随机数互为倒数。
4.权利要求1中所要求保护的方法，其中不同的互关联随机数被加到同一像素的针对红，绿和蓝的像素值上。
5.权利要求1中所要求保护的方法，其中随机值按图4的表互为关联。
6.权利要求1中所要求保护的方法，其中噪声是在相对高的频率段形成的。
7.实施上述权利要求之一的方法的装置，该装置包括：
-显示构件；和
-连接到显示构件的电子线路，其中电子线路包括用于供应一预定位数的伪-随机数的噪声发生器，及用于将随机值的相加加到输入视频分量上并进行截断的相加和截断装置。
8.权利要求7中所要求保护的装置，其中噪声发生器供应3个或4个伪-随机值，并且相加和截断装置将3个或更多随机值加到输入视频信号的R，G和B颜色信号上。
9.权利要求7中所要求保护的装置，其中所述的显示器为等离子体显示板。
10.权利要求7中所要求保护的装置，其中使用根据权利要求1的方法。
CNB028018060A 2001-05-23 2002-05-21 抖动方法和抖动装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100454365C (zh)

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CN103165061A (zh) * 2011-12-13 2013-06-19 联咏科技股份有限公司 图像抖动模块
CN105164996A (zh) * 2013-04-29 2015-12-16 杜比实验室特许公司 针对色度下采样的图像格式的抖动

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KR100914120B1 (ko) * 2002-04-15 2009-08-27 마이크로소프트 코포레이션 비디오 렌더러와 그래픽 디바이스 드라이버, 및 이들간의 상호 작용을 용이하게 하기 위한 장치, 시스템, 방법 및 전자적으로 액세스 가능한 매체
CN100367767C (zh) * 2003-04-02 2008-02-06 夏普株式会社 图像显示设备的驱动装置、图像显示设备以及电视接收器
US7643675B2 (en) * 2003-08-01 2010-01-05 Microsoft Corporation Strategies for processing image information using a color information data structure
US7139002B2 (en) * 2003-08-01 2006-11-21 Microsoft Corporation Bandwidth-efficient processing of video images
US7158668B2 (en) 2003-08-01 2007-01-02 Microsoft Corporation Image processing using linear light values and other image processing improvements
EP2364028B1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2014-11-26 Microsoft Corporation Image processing using linear light values and other image processing improvements
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KR100885917B1 (ko) * 2007-03-16 2009-02-26 삼성전자주식회사 선형 변환기를 이용하여 오차를 효율적으로 분산할 수 있는디더링 시스템 및 그에 적합한 방법
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CN103165061A (zh) * 2011-12-13 2013-06-19 联咏科技股份有限公司 图像抖动模块
CN105164996A (zh) * 2013-04-29 2015-12-16 杜比实验室特许公司 针对色度下采样的图像格式的抖动
CN105164996B (zh) * 2013-04-29 2018-06-05 杜比实验室特许公司 针对色度下采样的图像格式的抖动

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US6833837B2 (en) 2004-12-21
CN100454365C (zh) 2009-01-21
KR20030023711A (ko) 2003-03-19
WO2002095724A2 (en) 2002-11-28
EP1402508A2 (en) 2004-03-31
JP2004533765A (ja) 2004-11-04
JP4365105B2 (ja) 2009-11-18
US20030016231A1 (en) 2003-01-23

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