CN1558114A - A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle - Google Patents

Abstract

A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angles related to the field of fluid machinery, comprising a pump body (3), a cone connected to the pump body and allowing fluid to flow through it, fixed on the pump body (3) An electromechanical vibrator, the present invention is characterized in that the cone is hinged by a shaft (11) to connect the linear flow path block (9) and the flow path block (10) that can continuously change the cone angle to form a flow through which the fluid can pass. road block body; then use the upper splint (8) and the lower splint (12) to place the flow path block body composed of the straight flow path block body (9) and the flow path block body (10) that can continuously change the cone angle on the two splints Fastened by mechanical fasteners. The vibrator can adopt the piezoelectric type used in the existing piezoelectric pump or the mechanical vibrator composed of pistons. In the present invention, by changing two flow path barriers (10) that can continuously change the cone angle, flow paths with different cone angles can be obtained, and the function of continuously changing the cone angle θ can be realized by relying on the external force given by the electromechanical vibrator, so the present invention can It is convenient to achieve the purpose of changing the flow rate and liquid flow direction of the pump.

Description

A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle

Technical field:

A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle relates to the improvement of a continuously variable cone angle mechanism in fluid machinery and a reciprocating cone flow tube valveless pump, belonging to the field of fluid machinery.

Background technique:

For positive displacement reciprocating pumps, if the valve is defined as: during the suction and discharge process of the pump, at least for a moment, the cause of disconnection between the suction and discharge ports that were originally connected in the pump cavity; That is, the valve creates a disconnect that allows the pump to create one-way flow. So the so-called valveless is to use some properties of the fluid to create a special mechanism that can produce one-way flow and always communicate between the suction and discharge ports.

In 1993, Sweden's Estemen (E.Stemme) and others creatively invented the conical flow tube valveless piezoelectric pump. Because the valveless piezoelectric pump of people such as Estemen (E.Stemme) has utilized the inverted conical flow tube mechanism, so it is called the conical flow tube valveless piezoelectric pump. Figure 1 shows a valveless piezoelectric pump in E.Stemme, Sweden. Figure 1(a) is a conical flow tube that is inverted to each other, and Figure 1(b) is the structure of a valveless piezoelectric pump. .

In 1995, Germany's T.Gerlach et al. developed a valveless piezoelectric pump with a micro-square conical flow tube on a silicon plate. Figure 2 shows the valveless piezoelectric pump of T.Gerlach in Germany, Figure 2(a) is a square cone processed on a silicon plate, and Figure 2(b) is the structure of a valveless piezoelectric pump .

Figure 3 shows the valveless piezoelectric pump combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2. In Fig. 3, 1 is a fixing screw, 2 is a vibration amplifier, 3 is a pump body, 4 is a cone A, 5 is a cone B, and 6 is a piezoelectric film. The vibrating amplifying piece 2 is bonded after being sandwiched between two piezoelectric pieces 6. The new structure after bonding is called a vibrator, which consists of a vibrator, a pump body 3, a cone A4, a cone B5 and a fixing screw 1. The structure consists of only two openings of the cone A4 and the cone B5 connected with the outside world. If an alternating voltage is applied to both ends of the piezoelectric sheet 2 of the vibrator, the vibrator will produce alternate elongation and contraction deformation, so that The space formed by the vibrator, the pump body 3 , the cone A4 and the cone B5 forms a volume change, and the above-mentioned structure is enough to become a conical valveless piezoelectric pump capable of one-way flow.

The vibrator is fixed on the pump body 3 by the fixing screw 1. The cone A4 and the cone B5 are mutually inverted cone mechanisms. The connection between the cone A4 and the cone B5 and the pump body 3 can be an interference fit connection, or It can be glued or welded.

The cone A4 and the cone B5 may or may not be completely the same, and whether they are the same or not refers to the size of the geometric dimensions. The main geometric dimensions of cone A4 and cone B5 are given by the conical valveless piezoelectric pump in Figure 4, and the angle θ is the cone angle. Cone A4 is an expansion tube, and cone B5 is a constriction tube.

The underlying principle of the conical flow tube valveless pump is to use the reversed conical body mechanism to generate the difference in flow resistance when the forward and reverse flow tubes flow. In other words, the size of the cone angle θ can directly affect the macroscopic properties of the fluid--flow resistance. The deeper reason for the flow resistance is the thickness of the dynamic viscous bottom layer. As the thickness of the dynamic viscous bottom layer increases, the flow resistance will also increase macroscopically. As the flow resistance increases, the flow rate decreases. The fluid flowing in the cone mechanism has different flow resistances in the forward and reverse flow macroscopically, so there is a difference in flow resistance in the forward and reverse flows, and the single flow of the valveless pump is derived from the flow when the forward and reverse flow pipes flow. Resistance difference.

Figure 5 shows a set of experimental values of the relationship between the cone angle θ and the flow resistance ξ, the flow resistance of the expansion tube is defined as ξ _d , and the flow resistance of the contraction tube is defined as ξ _n . Still shrink tube, its flow resistance ξ increases with the increase of cone angle θ, however, the flow resistance ξ _d of the expansion tube increases faster than the flow resistance ξ _n of the contraction tube, namely: the flow resistance curve of the expansion tube and The flow resistance curves of the shrink tubes have intersection points. According to the flow equation of the valveless piezoelectric pump with conical flow tube, the flow direction of the pump depends on the flow resistance difference between the expansion tube and the contraction tube. Equation (1) is the flow equation of the conical flow tube valveless piezoelectric pump.

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Delta;Vf</span>}\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&xi;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

Q and f are the flow rate of the pump and the frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator, respectively. ξ _d and ξ _n are the fluid flow resistances of the expansion tube and contraction tube, respectively. ΔV is given by equation (2). In formula (2), w(r, 0) and $w(r,\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="t"\; filenames="A20041000066900141.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}_0}{2})$ Respectively, the displacement of the piezoelectric vibrator, R is the radius of the vibrator ^[4] .

If ξ _d is greater than ξ _n , it can be obtained from formula (1), the pump flow Q is greater than 0 (positive). If ξ _d is smaller than ξ _n , the pump flow Q is smaller than 0 (negative). The positive and negative of the flow Q indicates the direction of the pump's flow. In other words, _ξd and _ξn determine the flow direction of the pump.

The cone angle θ has a corresponding relationship with the flow resistance ξ, that is, the cone angle θ determines the liquid flow direction of the pump. However, the prior art so far can only make a cone with a fixed cone angle θ, and cannot continuously change the cone angle θ to achieve the purpose of changing the flow rate and liquid flow direction of the pump.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the above disadvantages, propose a continuously variable cone angle mechanism, and design a reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle.

The technical solution of the present invention is to realize the continuously variable cone angle θ, changing the structure of the cone in Fig. 4. The technical solution of the present invention is shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9 and Fig. A cone angle mechanism and a reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle. The present invention includes a pump body 3, a conical body that is connected with the pump body 3 and allows the fluid to flow through it, is fixed on the pump body 3 by a fixing screw 1, and is placed above the conical body, so that the volume in the pump body can be formed. Change the electromechanical vibrator that forms the fluid flow. The feature of the present invention is that the conical body uses a shaft 11 to hinge the linear flow path body 9 and the flow path body 10 that can continuously change the cone angle to form a flow path through which the fluid can pass. Gear body; then use the upper splint 8 and the lower splint 12 to place the flow path body composed of the linear flow path body 9 and the flow path body 10 that can continuously change the cone angle between the two splints and fasten it with mechanical fasteners constitute.

In the reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle, the two unhinged joints of the straight flow path body 9 of the flow path body or the flow path body 10 that can continuously change the cone angle are arranged in the conical body. The end edges are aligned with the edges of the upper and lower splints 8 and 12, and bonded on both sides of the center line of the splints. Finally, the bolts 13 pass through the upper splint 8 and the lower splint 12 and are fastened on the nut 7, so that the upper splint 8. The lower splint 12, the linear flow path body 9, and the flow path body 10 that can continuously change the cone angle constitute a flow path with a cone angle on the plane. The two straight line flow path bodies 9 and the two continuously variable The head end of the flow path body 10 with a cone angle is the inlet and outlet of the flow path. According to the flow direction of the fluid, the two linear flow path body 9 and the head of the two flow path body 10 that can continuously change the cone angle It can be both an exit and an entrance.

Specifically: as shown in Figure 6, if the fluid flows from top to bottom, two flow path stalls 10 that can continuously change the cone angle are the inlets, and two straight flow path stalls 9 are the outlets; For the flow from bottom to top, the two flow passages 10 that can continuously change the cone angle are the outlets, and the two straight flow passages 9 are the inlets.

In the present invention, the continuously variable cone angle mechanism in which two flow path stalls 10 with continuously variable cone angles are on the top and the straight flow path stall 9 is defined as 14, the two flow path stalls with continuously variable cone angles are defined as 14. The continuously variable cone angle mechanism with the body 10 on the bottom and the linear flow path block body 9 on the top is defined as 15. 14 and 15 can be two mutually inverted continuously variable cone angle mechanisms.

In the reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle, the flow path body 10 with continuously variable cone angle adopts a double-sided structure with grooves, and rubber strips are filled in the grooves; the shaft 11, the straight line flow path Body 9. Soft silica gel is filled between the gaps of the flow channel body 10 that can continuously change the cone angle; two flow channel body 10 that can continuously change the cone angle can be placed between the upper splint 8 and the lower splint 12 with the shaft 11 as the When the shaft rotates, there is pure sliding between the two flow path baffles 10, the upper splint 8 and the lower splint 12, which can continuously change the cone angle. The grooves between the contact surfaces can be considered as sealed contact because they are filled with rubber strips.

The electromechanical vibrator in the valveless pump of a kind of reciprocating continuously variable cone angle can adopt a piezoelectric vibrator composed of a vibrating amplifying plate 2 bonded in the middle of two piezoelectric plates 6; A mechanical vibrator composed of pistons used in conventional reciprocating piezoelectric pumps.

It can be seen from the foregoing technical solution of the present invention that by changing two flow passages 10 that can continuously change the cone angle, flow passages with different cone angles can be obtained, and the two flow passages 10 that can continuously change the cone angle can be continuous It rotates precisely, so this kind of flow path can realize the function of continuously changing the cone angle θ.

According to the experimental relationship between the cone angle θ and the flow resistance ξ of the cone shown in Figure 5, it can be known that changing the cone angle θ can change the flow rate and liquid flow direction of the pump. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of increasing and decreasing the cone angle of the continuously variable cone angle mechanism. Depending on the external force given by the electromechanical vibrator, the taper angle θ can be simply changed.

There are many ways to apply external force, all of which belong to conventional methods, and here is only one example: a hinge is connected to each of the force arrows in Figure 7, and a rolling screw is connected to the other end of the hinge, and the rolling screw The rod can change the rotary motion into linear motion. The linear motion end of the rolling screw is connected to the hinge, and the rotating end of the rolling screw is connected to the motor. All the connections here are bolted. The cone angle of the continuously variable cone angle mechanism increases with the The reduction can be achieved through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor.

Working principle of reciprocating valveless piezoelectric pump with continuously variable cone angle:

In Fig. 9, the piezoelectric vibrator is composed of the vibration amplifier 2 and the piezoelectric film 6, and the piezoelectric vibrator, the pump body 3, and two continuously variable cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15 which are mutually inverted form a vibrator with two openings. Relatively closed cavity. When an alternating voltage is applied to the piezoelectric vibrator, the piezoelectric vibrator will produce a reciprocating deformation along the vertical direction of its own plane structure, thus exerting a reciprocating force on the fluid in the cavity. Cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15 have fluid sucked into the cavity at the same time, but the two continuously variable cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15 are mutually inverted, because of the principle revealed by the experiment in Figure 5, one sucks more fluid than the other ; In the process of spitting out, the fluid is spit out of the cavity through two mutually inverted continuously variable cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15, but the two mutually inverted continuously variable cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15 are due to the experimental results shown in Figure 5. The principle revealed is that the one that sucks in more fluid during the suction process will discharge less fluid than the one that sucks in less fluid during the suction process; this will form a fluid volume difference between the suction and discharge processes, so the volume difference will form a one-way flow of the pump. Flow; change the cone angle θ of the flow path 10 that can continuously change the cone angle in Figure 6 (for example: change from a small angle to a large angle), the flow of the pump will change, and further increase the flow direction of the cone angle θ pump will also change.

Working principle of reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle:

In Fig. 10, a piston ring 16, a piston 17, a pump body 3, and two mutually inverted continuously variable cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15 form a cavity with two relatively closed openings. The piston 17 reciprocates up and down, thus exerting a reciprocating force on the fluid in the cavity. During the suction process, the fluid is sucked into the cavity through two mutually inverted cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15 at the same time. Inverted continuously variable cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15 are due to the principle revealed by the experiment in Figure 5, one is sucked in more fluid than the other; At the same time as 15, fluid is spit out of the cavity, but the two continuously variable cone angle mechanisms 14 and 15 are mutually inverted. Due to the principle revealed by the experiment in Figure 5, the one that inhales more fluid during the inhalation process than the one that inhales fluid during the inhalation process Few spit out the fluid few; Like this just formed the fluid volume difference in sucking and spit out process, so volume difference has just formed the one-way flow of pump; If the cone angle θ is changed (for example: from a small angle to a large angle), the flow rate of the pump will change, and if the cone angle θ is further increased, the flow direction of the pump will also change.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 The valveless piezoelectric pump of Estemen (E.Stemme) in Sweden;

Fig. 2 Valveless piezoelectric pump of T.Gerlach, Germany;

Figure 3 Conical valveless piezoelectric pump;

The structure and main geometric dimensions of Fig. 4 cone A4 and cone B5;

The relationship between the cone angle θ and the flow resistance ξ of Fig. 5;

Figure 6 is the continuously variable cone angle mechanism of the present invention;

(a) The front view of the continuously variable cone angle mechanism;

(b) The side view of the continuously variable cone angle mechanism;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the seal groove filled with rubber strips of the present invention

(a) sealing grooves filled with rubber strips,

(b) Schematic diagram of installing the rubber strip into the groove, 10-1: rubber strip;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of increasing and decreasing the cone angle of the continuously variable cone angle mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the piezoelectric reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle of the present invention;

Fig. 10 The piston reciprocating valveless pump of the continuously variable cone angle mechanism of the present invention 16 is a piston ring, and 17 is a piston.

Detailed ways:

Refer to accompanying drawings 6-10, using common parts, that is, the bolt 13 is M3×15, the nut 7 is a standard part of M3, the upper splint 8, the linear flow path 9, and the flow path 10 that can continuously change the cone angle , shaft 11 and lower splint 12 are all machined from plexiglass plates. Other auxiliary materials soft silica gel, rubber strips and adhesives are all commercially available materials.

In the reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle, the two unhinged joints of the straight flow path body 9 of the flow path body or the flow path body 10 that can continuously change the cone angle are arranged in the conical body. The end edges are aligned with the edges of the upper and lower splints 8 and 12, and glued on both sides of the centerline of the splints, with an interval of 2-10mm. Finally, the bolts 13 pass through the upper splint 8 and the lower splint 12 to fasten on nut 7. Figure 9 shows a piezoelectric reciprocating valveless pump installed with a continuously variable cone angle mechanism.

The piezoelectric reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle in Fig. 9 uses fixing screws 1 to fix the vibrator on the pump body 3, and all the components used are those used in traditional reciprocating piezoelectric pumps. The piston reciprocating valveless pump with a continuously variable cone angle mechanism shown in Figure 10 uses components that are common to piezoelectric pumps.

Claims (5)

1. A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle, including a pump body (3), a conical body connected to the pump body (3) and allowing fluid to flow through it, fixed on the The electromechanical vibrator on the pump body (3) and placed above the conical body can cause the volume change in the pump body to form fluid flow. The body (9) is hingedly connected with the flow path body (10) which can continuously change the cone angle to form a flow path body through which the fluid can pass; 9) The flow path baffle formed by the flow path baffle (10) that can continuously change the cone angle is placed between two splints and fastened by mechanical fasteners. 2. A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle according to claim 1, characterized in that the straight line flow path body (9) of the flow path body or the flow path that can continuously change the cone angle in the conical body The edges of the two ends of the road stop body (10) that are not hinged are aligned with the edges of the upper and lower clamping plates (8) and (12), and are bonded to both sides of the center line of the clamping plates. Finally, the bolts (13) Pass through the upper splint (8) and the lower splint (12) and fasten on the nut (7), so that the upper splint (8), the lower splint (12), the linear flow path stopper (9), and the continuously variable cone angle The flow path body (10) constitutes a flow path with a cone angle on the plane, and the head ends of the two straight line flow path bodies (9) and the two flow path bodies (10) that can continuously change the cone angle are respectively It is the entrance and exit of the flow path. According to the flow direction of the fluid, the heads of the two straight flow path stalls (9) and the two flow path stalls (10) that can continuously change the cone angle can be used as outlets or inlets. . 3. A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it adopts a flow path body (10) with a groove structure on both sides that can continuously change the cone angle, and the groove The groove is filled with rubber strips; the gaps between the shaft (11), the linear flow path body (9), and the flow path body (10) that can continuously change the cone angle are filled with soft silica gel; the two flow paths that can continuously change the cone angle The road stop body (10) can rotate with the shaft (11) as the axis between the upper splint (8) and the lower splint (12). ), between the lower splint (12) is pure sliding. 4. A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two cones in the pump can be arranged as mutually inverted cone mechanisms. 5. A reciprocating valveless pump with continuously variable cone angle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electromechanical vibrator can be made of a vibrator bonded between two piezoelectric sheets (6). A piezoelectric vibrator formed by the vibration amplifier (2); a mechanical vibrator formed by a piston used in a traditional reciprocating pump can also be used.

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