CN1552719A - 催化法制备叠氮磷酸二苯酯 - Google Patents

催化法制备叠氮磷酸二苯酯 Download PDF

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CN1552719A
CN1552719A CNA031289797A CN03128979A CN1552719A CN 1552719 A CN1552719 A CN 1552719A CN A031289797 A CNA031289797 A CN A031289797A CN 03128979 A CN03128979 A CN 03128979A CN 1552719 A CN1552719 A CN 1552719A
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diphenyl phosphate
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tertiary amine
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CN1275974C (zh
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吴范宏
辛水波
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Guilin Guikai Biological Science & Technology Co., Ltd.
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East China University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种叠氮磷酸二苯酯的制备方法,其主要步骤是以氯代磷酸二苯酯和叠氮钠为原料,以季铵盐、叔胺无机盐、强碱性叔胺或冠醚化合物为相转移催化剂,在15~30℃反应10~15小时后制得叠氮磷酸二苯酯。该方法具有制备反应所需时间短,操作简单,反应条件温和及所得产品纯度高等优点,避免了现有技术中需高真空度的减压蒸馏等一些复杂操作,是一种易于大规模工业化生产叠氮磷酸二苯酯的制备方法。

Description

催化法制备叠氮磷酸二苯酯
技术领域
本发明涉及一种叠氮磷酸二苯酯的制备方法,特别涉及一种采用相转移催化剂催化制备叠氮磷酸二苯酯的方法。
技术背景
叠氮磷酸二苯酯(简称DPPA)是一种在有机合成上被广泛的使用的有机磷试剂,其化学结构式如下:
现有的叠氮磷酸二苯酯的制备方法主要分为二种,一种是溶剂法,即以氯代磷酸二苯酯为原料,以无水丙酮为溶剂,与叠氮钠反应制得了叠氮磷酸二苯酯(JP805459);另一种为无溶剂法,即在常温下,氯代磷酸二苯酯和叠氮钠在无溶剂情况下反应制得目标化合物(《化学试剂》1992,14(6)377)。
上述两种方法都存在着制备反应时间长、操作复杂、反应物和目标产物难以分离及目标产物的产率和纯度都不高等缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种制备叠氮磷酸二苯酯的新制备方法,以克服上述现有技术中存在的缺陷。
发明构思:
在本发明的合成方法中,考虑到氯代磷酸二苯酯和叠氮钠的反应,是液—固之间的反应,固相并不溶于液相,反应中必须使两相充分接触,采用相转移催化剂有助于反应的进行。
技术方案:
本发明所述的叠氮磷酸二苯酯的制备方法的主要步骤是以氯代磷酸二苯酯和叠氮钠为原料,以季铵盐、叔胺无机盐或强碱性叔胺为相转移催化剂,在15~30℃反应10~15小时后制得叠氮磷酸二苯酯。
其中:氯代磷酸二苯酯、叠氮钠与相转移催化剂的摩尔比为1∶1~5∶0.001~0.1;
所说的季铵盐,叔胺无机盐和强碱性叔胺分别具有如下分子式:
R1R2R3NR4X,R1R2R3NHX,[CH3(OCH2CH2)n]3N;
式中:R1、R2和R3分别为C1-18的烷基、苯基和苄基中的一种,R4为C1-4的烷基、苄基或苯基,X=Cl、Br或I,n=1~3。
本发明的反应方程式如下:
由上述技术方案可知,在本发明所述的制备方法中无需溶剂,只需加入一种相转移催化剂,在15~30℃搅拌反应,停止反应后滤去不溶物,即可得到叠氮磷酸二苯酯。该方法具有制备反应所需时间短,操作简单,反应条件温和及所得产品纯度高(可达99.3%)等优点,避免了现有技术中需高真空度的减压蒸馏等一些复杂操作,是一种易于大规模工业化制备叠氮磷酸二苯酯的制备方法。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,其目的仅为更好理解本发明的内容,因此,所举之例并不限制本发明的保护范围:
                           实施例1
氯代磷酸二苯酯47.9g(0.178mol),叠氮钠20.7g(0.32mol),四丁基溴化铵2.5g加入100ml的三口烧瓶中室温剧烈搅拌反应10小时,混合物逐渐乳浊,变粘,再逐渐变稀薄,颜色由无色变为浅灰色,过滤即可得到略带浅黄色或无色的微粘液体42.5g,产率86.2%,HPLC含量99.3%。
分析数据:IR(cm-1)3060(w,C-H),2170(s,-N3),1590(m),1490(s,C=C),1270(m,P=O),960(s,P-O-Aryl)。
                           实施例2
在100ml的三口烧瓶中加入氯代磷酸二苯酯48.1g(0.18mol),叠氮钠27.6g(0.42mol),TEBA 3.0g,室温下强烈搅拌反应15h,过滤得略带浅黄色液体41.8g,HPLC含量97.7%,产率85.2%。

Claims (2)

1、一种叠氮磷酸二苯酯的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法的主要步骤是以氯代磷酸二苯酯和叠氮钠为原料,以季铵盐、叔胺无机盐或强碱性叔胺为相转移催化剂,在15~30℃反应10~15小时后制得叠氮磷酸二苯酯;其中:氯代磷酸二苯酯、叠氮钠与相转移催化剂的摩尔比为1∶1~5∶0.001~0.1;
所说的季铵盐,叔胺无机盐和强碱性叔胺分别具有如下分子式:
R1R2R3NR4X,R1R2R3NHX,[CH3(OCH2CH2)n]3N;
式中:R1、R2和R3分别为C1-18的烷基、苯基和苄基中的一种,R4为C1-4的烷基、苄基或苯基,X=Cl、Br或I,n=1~3。
2、如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,其中所说的相转移催化剂为四丁基溴化铵。
CN 03128979 2003-05-30 2003-05-30 催化法制备叠氮磷酸二苯酯 Expired - Fee Related CN1275974C (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105153257A (zh) * 2014-06-12 2015-12-16 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 索非布韦的制备方法
CN113980356A (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-01-28 浙江工业大学 一种含氧叠氮基团功能化改性氧化石墨烯纳米材料

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105153257A (zh) * 2014-06-12 2015-12-16 正大天晴药业集团股份有限公司 索非布韦的制备方法
CN113980356A (zh) * 2021-11-24 2022-01-28 浙江工业大学 一种含氧叠氮基团功能化改性氧化石墨烯纳米材料

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